Mast cells degranulation also results in the release of eosinophil chemotactic factors and neutrophil chemotactic factors. ... Moreover, the increase in Ca2+ level also leads to activation of certain transcription factors which induces pro-inflammatory ... chemotactic activity of the acidic tetrapeptides of eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis". Journal of Experimental ... Examples of these factors include respiratory tract viral infections, exposure to air pollutants such as ozone or a change in ...

Transcription factors such as PITX2 must be expressed in stromal cells to support normal HSC function. Like with the AGM, the ... It has also been found that calcium ions can act as chemotactic signals to HSCs via the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) ... These chimeric transcription factors can result in the improper repression or activation of the target gene, as well as the ... Through various knock-out models, several transcription factors have been found to be essential in this differentiation, such ...

... also act as an intercellular signal leading to up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factors and monocyte chemotactic ... due to alcohol consumption can increase various cytokine formations especially NF-κB which is a transcription factor. ... Studies are typically impacted by confounding due to factors like smoking which is one of the most significant risk factors for ... cancer.gov Liver Cancer Risk Factors. cancer.org Risk Factors. umgcc.or Archived 23 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine Liver ...

For example, hypoxia stimulates the endothelial transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) to transactivate a set of ... Second, as inflammation nears completion, macrophage and mast cells release fibroblast growth and chemotactic factors to ... as hypoxia stimulates the endothelial transcription factor, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) to transactivate angiogenic genes ... Many factors controlling the efficacy, speed, and manner of wound healing fall under two types: local and systemic factors. ...

fMLF led to the first discovery of a leukocyte receptor for a chemotactic factor, defined three different types of fMLF ... Given these clues and knowledge that bacteria transcribe (see Transcription (genetics)) proteins starting with N- ... Becker EL, Showell HJ (Jun 1974). "The ability of chemotactic factors to induce lysosomal enzyme release. II. The mechanism of ... O'Flaherty JT, Showell HJ, Ward PA (May 1977). "Neutropenia induced by systemic infusion of chemotactic factors". Journal of ...

IL-8 and other inflammatory cytokines form a vicious cycle with the transcription factor NF-κB in cystic fibrosis. NF-κB ... IL-8, also known as neutrophil chemotactic factor, has two primary functions. It induces chemotaxis in target cells, primarily ... Modi WS, Dean M, Seuanez HN, Mukaida N, Matsushima K, O'Brien SJ (1990). "Monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF ... "Nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent induction of interleukin-8 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha: evidence for an ...

Both receptor types bind and are activated by a series of formylated oligopeptide chemotactic factors but FLP2 receptor appears ... and ROS-induced activation of the pro-survival transcription factor, NF-κB. Ectopic expression and stimulation of BLT2 ... Kim H, Choi JA, Kim JH (Aug 2014). "Ras promotes transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition ... The high affinity BLT2 receptor agonist, 12-HHT, stimulates in vitro chemotactic responses in human neutrophils, suggesting ...

Once in the nucleus, ERK activates various transcription factors which initiate expression of genes involved in cellular ... αvβ3 activity creation of blood vessel lumen creates lumen creates fenestrations Chemotactic for macrophages and granulocytes ... This gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and encodes ... "Connective tissue growth factor binds vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis". FASEB ...

LXA4 and 15-epi-LTA4 also act by mobilizing transcription factors that regulate expression of various inflammation-regulating ... is a G protein coupled receptor initially identified as a receptor for the leukocyte chemotactic factor, N-formylmethionine- ... to attenuate the mobilization of NFκB and AP-1 transcription factors by reducing their accumulation in the nucleus of ... inhibit activation of STAT protein transcription factors which up-regulate many genes making pro-inflammatory products. LXA4 ...

The AHR (i.e. the aryl hydrocarbon receptor) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates xenobiotic-metabolizing ... Monocytes: inhibit their migration response to chemotactic factors and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Lymphocytes: ... complement components C5a and C3a which are chemotactic factors formed during the activation of the host's blood complement ... foreign organism-derived N-formylated oligopeptide chemotactic factors (e.g. N-formylmethionine-leucyl-phenylalanine); b) ...

The degenerating nerve also produce macrophage chemotactic molecules. Another source of macrophage recruitment factors is serum ... "Interleukin 1 increases stability and transcription of mRNA encoding nerve growth factor in cultured rat fibroblasts". The ... leukemia inhibitory factor, insulin-like growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor. These factors together create a favorable ... Another factor that affects degradation rate is the diameter of the axon: larger axons require a longer time for the ...

Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) transcription factors are essential for regulating the addition of secondary heart field ... A range of secreted factors ensure appropriate directionality of the cells. FGF8 acts as a chemotactic attraction in directing ... A variety of growth factors and transcription factors in the extracellular matrix signal cells and direct them toward a ... GATA transcription factors, which are complex molecules that bind to the DNA sequence GATA, play a critical role in cell ...

The transcription factor cAMP receptor protein (CRP) also called CAP (catabolite gene activator protein) forms a complex with ... The chemotactic aggregation of cells is organized by periodic waves of cAMP that propagate between cells over distances as ... In 1998 a family of cAMP-sensitive proteins with guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity was discovered. These are ... Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) 8-Bromoadenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) Acrasin specific to chemotactic ...

SP1 transcription factor binds near to CCL5 gene and mediates its constitutive mRNA transcription. The transcription factor is ... It is chemotactic for T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, but also for monocytes, natural-killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells ... a new zinc finger transcription factor that activates RANTES gene expression in T lymphocytes". Immunity. 10 (1): 93-103. doi: ... It is also an HIV-suppressive factor released from CD8+ T cells The chemokine CCL5 is mainly expressed by T-cells and monocytes ...

A high level of transcription factor Runt-related transcription factor- 2, that is involved in osteoblast differentiation and ... monocyte chemotactic protein-1 may also be involved. Signalling via the receptor-activated Nuclear factor kB or receptor- ... The proteomics and transcriptomics identified regulated transcription factors such as SP1 and TP53. These transcription factors ... the transcription factor ZBTB16 is a target for further investigations. DLX3, a transcription factor, which is related to the ...

The promastigote forms also release Leishmania chemotactic factor (LCF) to actively recruit neutrophils, but not other ... Transcription of protein-coding genes initiates bidirectionally in the divergent strand-switch regions between gene clusters ... An important factor in prolonging infection is the inhibition of the adaptive immune system. This occurs especially during the ...

Phosphorylation of ERK1/ERK2 kinases and activation of NMDA receptors leads to transcription of genes inducing chronic pain, ... July 1988). "Molecular characterization and chromosomal mapping of melanoma growth stimulatory activity, a growth factor ... to generate a cytokine that was chemotactic for rat neutrophils, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). In humans ... CXCL1 was first cloned from a cDNA library of genes induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation of BALB/c-3T3 ...

Chemotactic properties: The large surface area available on collagen fibers can attract fibrogenic cells which help in healing ... Many bacteria and viruses secrete virulence factors, such as the enzyme collagenase, which destroys collagen or interferes with ... Transcription of mRNA: About 44 genes are associated with collagen formation, each coding for a specific mRNA sequence, and ... growth factors and other substances. Collagen is one of the body's key natural resources and a component of skin tissue that ...

2005). "Zhangfei is a potent and specific inhibitor of the host cell factor-binding transcription factor Luman". J. Biol. Chem ... 2004). "Human LZIP binds to CCR1 and differentially affects the chemotactic activities of CCR1-dependent chemokines". FASEB J. ... This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. This protein ... Transcription factors, All stub articles, Human chromosome 9 gene stubs). ...

... tumor necrosis factor α, the colony stimulating factors, and the two CCL chemokines) in neutrophils and monocytes further ... 5-oxo-ETE stimulates human H295R adrenocortical cells to increase transcription of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ... also increases their in vitro chemotactic response to 5-oxo-ETE. 5-Oxo-ETE also acts in synergy with two chemokines, CCL2 and ... The interactions of 5-oxo-ETE with these mediators of allergy (e.g. platelet-activating factor, interleukin 5) in eosinophils ...

... or pathogens such as chemotactic factors, cytokines, growth factors, and even certain eicosanoids. The activated cells then ... PGs and LTs may signal or regulate DNA-transcription there; LTB4 is ligand for PPARα.(See diagram at PPAR). Both COX1 and COX2 ... cPLA2 may also release the lysophospholipid that becomes platelet-activating factor. Next, the free fatty acid is oxygenated ... directly activate gene transcription. Of these, the action on eicosanoids is the best explored. In general, the eicosanoids ...

The growth of these axons is also governed by chemotactic factors secreted from Schwann cells. Injury to the peripheral nervous ... and peripheral nerve injuries and contributes to the outgrowth-inhibitory properties of these scars Transcription factors, ... All these factors contribute to the formation of what is known as a glial scar, which axons cannot grow across. The proximal ... Growth factors are not expressed or re-expressed; for instance, the extracellular matrix is lacking laminins. Glial scars ...

... or memory B cells depending on the expressed transcription factors. The activated B cells that expressed the transcription ... It has been shown that memory B cells have high level expression of CCR6 as well as an increased chemotactic response to the ... T-bet memory B cells T-bet B cells are a subset that have been found to express the transcription factor T-bet. T-bet is ... Other hypotheses propose that the transcription factor NF-κB and the cytokine IL-24 are involved in the process of ...

... expression of the acute-phase SAA genes is mainly regulated at the transcription level and involves the transcription factors C ... Ex vivo and in vitro studies have shown that the recombinant human SAA1 hybrid protein has strong chemotactic activity for ... SAA1 has been associated with tumor pathogenesis, and its gene polymorphism is a contributing factor to certain types of ... mediates the chemotactic activity of serum amyloid A for human phagocytic cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 189 (2 ...

... their transcription factors, and access of defined chromatin regions to the transcription factors, however, it still remains ... NK cells express many cell-surface receptors that can be activating, inhibitory, adhesion, cytokine, or chemotactic. The ... Both cell types produce IFN-γ as their principle cytokine and require the transcription factor T-bet to do so. Both cells can ... October 2012). "The transcription factor GATA3 is essential for the function of human type 2 innate lymphoid cells". Immunity. ...

"Extracellular HIV-1 Tat protein induces the rapid Ser133 phosphorylation and activation of CREB transcription factor in both ... 1996). "Chemotactic peptide-induced activation of MEK-2, the predominant isoform in human neutrophils. Inhibition by wortmannin ... Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87-94. doi: ... This kinase is known to play a critical role in mitogen growth factor signal transduction. It phosphorylates and thus activates ...

... potent chemotactic factor, LTB4, and possibly also weaker chemotactic factor, 5S-HETE, which serve to attract and otherwise ... Five of the 8 GC boxes are arranged in tandem and are recognized by the transcription factors Sp1 and Egr-1. A novel Sp1- ... On the other hand, 5-oxo-ETrE is almost as potent as 5-oxo-ETE as an eosinophil chemotactic factor and may thereby contribute ... For example, chemotactic factors stimulate human neutrophils to raise cytosolic Ca2+ which triggers cPLA2s, particularly the α ...

... there is a signaling cascade that results in the activation of transcription factors for mating-specific genes such as those ... A chemotropic process may have an underlying chemotactic component, as is the case with mating yeast. One prime example of ... Each cell type releases a unique pheromone: a- or α-factor. By secreting these factors a chemical gradient is formed that ... In order for the yeast to sense the gradient they have to have proper receptors that bind a- or α-factor: Ste3 and Ste2 ...

Nabel G, Baltimore D (1987). "An inducible transcription factor activates expression of human immunodeficiency virus in T cells ... Once in the interstitial fluid, leukocytes migrate along a chemotactic gradient towards the site of injury or infection. The ... This is assisted through juxtacrine activation of integrins by chemokines and soluble factors released by endothelial cells. In ... Intracellular integrin domains associate with the leukocyte cytoskeleton, via mediation with cytosolic factors such as talin, α ...

The retinoid-receptor complex competes for coactivator proteins of AP-1, a key transcription factor involved in inflammation. ... It reduces inflammation via inhibition of chemotactic responses of monocytes and neutrophils. In the US, isotretinoin was ... The "accessory factors" were termed "fat soluble" in 1918, and later "vitamin A" in 1920. In 1919, Harry Steenbock (University ... Given the weak quality of the clinical evidence, an uncertainty factor of 5 was used, and with rounding, the UL was set at ...