... also known as Ras-related proteins or simply RAP is a type of small GTPase, similar in structure to Ras ... rap+GTP-Binding+Proteins at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) This article incorporates ... The most striking difference between RAP proteins and RAS proteins resides in their 61st amino acid: glutamine in RAS is ... replaced by threonine in RAP proteins. RAP counteracts the mitogenic function of RAS because it can interact with RAS GAPs and ...
"RasGEF1A and RasGEF1B are guanine nucleotide exchange factors that discriminate between Rap GTP-binding proteins and mediate ... RasGEF domain family, member 1A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RASGEF1A gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...
Ras-related protein Rap-1b, also known as GTP-binding protein smg p21B, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAP1B ... Scrima A, Thomas C, Deaconescu D, Wittinghofer A (2008). "The Rap-RapGAP complex: GTP hydrolysis without catalytic glutamine ... 2004). "The GTPase-activating protein Rap1GAP uses a catalytic asparagine". Nature. 429 (6988): 197-201. Bibcode:2004Natur.429 ... to lipid rafts is promoted by palmitoylation at Cys176 and Cys177 and is required for efficient protein activation in human ...
... homology with Ras and Rap, two other small GTP binding proteins. Reduced expression of DIRAS3 has been reported in 70% of ... GTP-binding protein Di-Ras3 (DIRAS3) also known as aplysia ras homology member I (ARHI) is a protein that in humans is encoded ... This change in structure has no effect on protein expression levels or its GTP-binding ability, suggesting the extension's ... While ARHI still binds GTP with high affinity, its hydrolysis of GTP to GDP is relatively low because of these differences. ...
"Alfred Wittinghofer (MPI) Part 1: GTP-binding Proteins as Molecular Switches". YouTube. iBiology. June 19, 2011. "Alfred ... Many more proteins of this class like Ran, Rap, Rho, Arl and Septins were investigated and their structure, function and ... and GTP-binding proteins". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 15 (11): 430-434. doi:10.1016/0968-0004(90)90281-F. PMID 2126155. ( ... Wittinghofer has worked all his scientific life on the elucidation of structure-function relationships of GTP-binding proteins ...
"Identification of a specific effector of the small GTP-binding protein Rap2". European Journal of Biochemistry. 252 (2): 290-8 ... Ras-related protein Rap-2a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAP2A gene. RAP2A is a member of the Ras-related ... Ménétrey J, Cherfils J (Nov 1999). "Structure of the small G protein Rap2 in a non-catalytic complex with GTP". Proteins. 37 (3 ... "Identification of a specific effector of the small GTP-binding protein Rap2". European Journal of Biochemistry. 252 (2): 290-8 ...
Ras proteins are membrane-associated molecular switches that bind GTP and GDP and slowly hydrolyze GTP to GDP. This intrinsic ... Note: There are distinctly different GAPs for the rap and rho/rac subfamilies of ras-like proteins (reviewed in reference) that ... Protein pages needing a picture, Protein domains, Protein families, Membrane proteins, All stub articles, Membrane protein ... or GTPase-activating proteins. As it is the GTP bound form of ras which is active, these proteins are said to be down- ...
"The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 ( ... a Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor that serves as a downstream target of M-Ras". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 ... "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 ( ... Ras-related protein M-Ras, also known as muscle RAS oncogene homolog and R-Ras3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ...
C4b-binding protein Rap GTP-binding protein Calmodulin-binding proteins Iron-binding proteins Thyroxine-binding proteins Folate ... DNA-binding protein Single-strand binding protein Telomere-binding protein RNA-binding protein Poly(A)-binding protein Nuclear ... binding protein Syntaxin binding protein 2 Oxysterol-binding protein E3 binding protein Iron-responsive element-binding protein ... element-binding protein GTP-binding protein Retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 Ccaat-enhancer-binding proteins Androgen-binding ...
GTPases are inactive when in their GDP-bound form, and become active when they bind to GTP. GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) ... Ras and Rap are regulated by different sets of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins, thus ... and GEFs promoting the GTP-bound (active) form. When bound to GTP, small GTPases regulate myriad cellular processes. These ... RIAM (Rap1-GTP-interacting adapter molecule) is a broadly expressed adaptor protein that contains an RA (Ras association)-like ...
"The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 ( ... and Rap". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (26): 12609-13. Bibcode:1994PNAS...9112609S. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.26.12609. PMC 45488 ... "The putative tumor suppressor RASSF1A homodimerizes and heterodimerizes with the Ras-GTP binding protein Nore1". Oncogene. 21 ( ... Ras-related protein R-Ras is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RRAS gene. RRAS has been shown to interact with: ARAF, ...
A typical G-protein is active when bound to GTP and inactive when bound to GDP (i.e. when the GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP). The ... Rap, Rheb, and Rad. Miro is a recent contributor to the superfamily.[citation needed] Each subfamily shares the common core G ... GTP-binding protein regulators Wennerberg K, Rossman KL, Der CJ (March 2005). "The Ras superfamily at a glance". J. Cell Sci. ... Therefore, a G-protein can be switched on and off. GTP hydrolysis is accelerated by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), while ...
... encoding protein Fibrous sheath CABYR binding protein GALC: galactosylceramidase (Krabbe disease) GARNL1: GTPase-activating Rap ... GAP domain-like 1 GCH1: GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (dopa-responsive dystonia) GPHB5: Glycoprotein hormone beta-5 GSKIP encoding ... encoding protein MicroRNA 495 MIR3173: encoding protein MicroRNA 3173 MIS18BP1: encoding protein MIS18 binding protein 1 MOAP1 ... encoding protein Pecanex-like protein 1 PELI2: encoding protein Protein pellino homolog 2 PLEKHG3: encoding protein Pleckstrin ...
The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a ... Jordan JD, Carey KD, Stork PJ, Iyengar R (Jul 1999). "Modulation of rap activity by direct interaction of Galpha(o) with Rap1 ... Regulator of G-protein signaling 17 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS17 gene. This gene encodes a member of the ... This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers ...
... is a cyclic AMP binding protein. Members of the RAS subfamily of GTPases function in signal transduction as GTP/GDP- ... Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAPGEF2 gene. ... 1999). "nRap GEP: a novel neural GDP/GTP exchange protein for rap1 small G protein that interacts with synaptic scaffolding ... such as RAPGEF2 serve as RAS activators by promoting acquisition of GTP to maintain the active GTP-bound state and are the key ...
Ponting CP (1999). "Raf-like Ras/Rap-binding domains in RGS12- and still-life-like signalling proteins". J. Mol. Med. 77 (10): ... When the ligand is associated to the receptor, GDP is displaced from G-alpha and GTP is bound. The GTP/G-alpha complex ... A GTPase activator for the nuclear ras-related regulatory protein RAP-1A. Drosophila protein Rapsynoid (also known as Partner ... Two classes of intracellular proteins act as inhibitors of G protein activation: GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), which ...
... ran gtp-binding protein MeSH D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.475 - rap gtp-binding proteins MeSH D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.475. ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunits MeSH D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.100.100 - gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, g12-g13 MeSH ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gi-go MeSH D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.100.200.500 - gtp-binding protein alpha subunit, gi2 ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gq-g11 MeSH D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.100.400 - gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gs ...
... serve as RAS activators by promoting acquisition of GTP to maintain the active GTP-bound state and are the key link between ... Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAPGEF5 gene. Members of the RAS ... and active GTP-bound states. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), such as RAPGEF5, ... "Entrez Gene: RAPGEF5 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 5". de Rooij J, Rehmann H, van Triest M, et al. (2000). " ...
Ohmstede CA, Farrell FX, Reep BR, Clemetson KJ, Lapetina EG (Oct 1990). "RAP2B: a RAS-related GTP-binding protein from ... Ras-related protein Rap-2b is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAP2B gene. RAP2B belongs to the Ras-related protein ... 1993). "Association of the low molecular weight GTP-binding protein rap2B with the cytoskeleton during platelet aggregation". ... glutamine in RAS is replaced by threonine in RAP proteins. Evidence suggests that this protein may be polyisoprenylated and ...
1998). "RasGRP, a Ras guanyl nucleotide- releasing protein with calcium- and diacylglycerol-binding motifs". Science. 280 (5366 ... regulated nucleotide exchange factor specifically activating Ras through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. It activates the ... 2007). "A LAD-III syndrome is associated with defective expression of the Rap-1 activator CalDAG-GEFI in lymphocytes, ... RAS guanyl-releasing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RASGRP1 gene. RAS guanyl nucleotide-releasing ...
GTP). Small GTPases, such as Ran and Ras, can exist in either a GTP-bound form (active) or a GDP-bound form (inactive), and the ... Bradshaw, JM; Kubota, Y; Meyer, T; Schulman, H (2003). "An ultrasensitive Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II-protein ... which activates RAP through degradation of Rap GAP. Ultrasensitivity was observed both in a dose-dependent manner (nH=5±0.2), ... Upon binding to GDP-bound Gαi, Pins is activated and recruits Mud to achieve polarized distribution of cortical factors. N- ...
"A novel small molecular weight GTP-binding protein with the same putative effector domain as the ras proteins in bovine brain ... Ras-related protein Rap-1A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAP1A gene. The product of this gene belongs to the ... The most striking difference between RAP proteins and RAS proteins resides in their 61st amino acid: glutamine in RAS is ... Boettner B, Govek EE, Cross J, Van Aelst L (Aug 2000). "The junctional multidomain protein AF-6 is a binding partner of the ...
... ral gtp-binding proteins MeSH D12.776.157.325.515.462 - ran gtp-binding protein MeSH D12.776.157.325.515.475 - rap gtp-binding ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, g12-g13 MeSH D12.776.157.325.332.100.200 - gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gi-go MeSH ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunit, gi2 MeSH D12.776.157.325.332.100.300 - gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gq-g11 MeSH ... gtp-binding protein alpha subunits, gs MeSH D12.776.157.325.332.520 - gtp-binding protein beta subunits MeSH D12.776.157.325. ...
PDE delta subunit is thought to be a specific soluble transport factor for certain prenylated proteins and Arl2-GTP a regulator ... "cGMP binding to noncatalytic sites on mammalian rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase is regulated by binding of its gamma and ... "The delta subunit of retinal rod cGMP phosphodiesterase regulates the membrane association of Ras and Rap GTPases". The Journal ... interacts with the Arf-like protein Arl3 in a GTP specific manner". FEBS Letters. 458 (1): 55-9. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(99) ...
GTP-bound G alpha subunits. Acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), the protein increases the rate of conversion of the ... 2001). "RGS14 is a novel Rap effector that preferentially regulates the GTPase activity of galphao". Biochem. J. 350 (1): 19-29 ... This protein contains one RGS domain, two Raf-like Ras-binding domains (RBDs), and one GoLoco motif. The protein attenuates the ... GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein ...
... shared by both proteins. The bound structure is a quasi-symmetric heterodimer termed a targeting complex. The signal ... both of which contain a GTP-binding domain, while the prokaryotic SRP receptor comprises only the monomeric loosely membrane- ... including Rap-Raf, Ras-PI3K(gamma), Ras-RalGDS, and Arl2-PDE(delta). On the C-terminal of SR-alpha and FtsY is the NG domain ... SR-alpha binds to the SRP54 subunit of the SRP complex. The SR-beta subunit is a transmembrane GTPase that anchors the SR-alpha ...
... ral gtp-binding proteins MeSH D12.644.360.525.462 - ran gtp-binding protein MeSH D12.644.360.525.475 - rap gtp-binding proteins ... rab2 gtp-binding protein MeSH D12.644.360.525.400.100 - rab3 gtp-binding proteins MeSH D12.644.360.525.400.100.100 - rab3a gtp- ... rho gtp-binding proteins MeSH D12.644.360.525.700.050 - cdc42 gtp-binding protein MeSH D12.644.360.525.700.050.500 - cdc42 gtp- ... rac gtp-binding proteins MeSH D12.644.360.525.700.100.100 - rac1 gtp-binding protein MeSH D12.644.360.525.700.200 - rhoa gtp- ...
... to a molecule of GTP. The K-Ras protein is turned off (inactivated) when it converts the GTP to GDP. When the protein is bound ... and Rap". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91 (26): 12609-12613. Bibcode: ... Other than where GTP/GDP binds, there are no obvious high affinity binding sites for small molecules. One fairly frequent ... One potential drug interaction site is where GTP/GDP binds, but due to the extraordinarily high affinity of GTP/GDP for this ...