Although pyrimidine derivatives such as alloxan were known in the early 19th century, a laboratory synthesis of a pyrimidine ... Pyrimidine is also found in meteorites, but scientists still do not know its origin. Pyrimidine also photolytically decomposes ... some minor pyrimidine bases can also occur in nucleic acids. These minor pyrimidines are usually methylated versions of major ... such as pyrimidine, found in meteorites. Pyrimidine, like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the most carbon-rich ...

Pyrimidine+oxygenase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC 1.14.99). ... Pyrimidine oxygenase (EC 1.14.99.46, RutA) is an enzyme with systematic name uracil,FMNH2:oxygen oxidoreductase (uracil ... Kim KS, Pelton JG, Inwood WB, Andersen U, Kustu S, Wemmer DE (August 2010). "The Rut pathway for pyrimidine degradation: novel ...

... s are antimetabolites which mimic the structure of metabolic pyrimidines. Nucleobase analogues Fluorouracil ... Gemcitabine Nucleotide analogues Pyrimidine Fluorouracil Floxuridine Gemcitabine Pyrimidine antimetabolites are commonly used ... Parker, William B. (2009). "Enzymology of Purine and Pyrimidine Antimetabolites Used in the Treatment of Cancer". Chem Rev. 109 ...

... s are the primary cause of melanomas in humans. A cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) contains a four membered ... A 6-4 photoproduct (6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidone or 6-4 pyrimidine-pyrimidinone) is an alternate dimer consisting of a single ... The number of pyrimidine dimers induced per haploid genome at this dose was measured as 27,000. A mutant yeast strain defective ... It is a base excision repair enzyme specific for pyrimidine dimers. It is then able to cut open the AP site. Another type of ...

Pyrimidine biosynthesis occurs both in the body and through organic synthesis. De Novo biosynthesis of a pyrimidine is ... Pyrimidines are ultimately catabolized (degraded) to CO2, H2O, and urea. Cytosine can be broken down to uracil, which can be ... Pyrimidine synthesis inhibitors are used in active moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, as well as ... showed how pyrimidine nucleosides can be synthesized from small molecules and ribose, driven solely by wet-dry cycles. ...

... (EC 3.1.25.1, endodeoxyribonuclease (pyrimidine dimer), bacteriophage T4 ... Deoxyribonuclease+(pyrimidine+dimer) at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v ... Mechanism of action of two endonucleases specific for DNA containing pyrimidine dimers". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction: Endonucleolytic cleavage near pyrimidine dimers to products with 5'- ...

... a pyrimidine base + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are pyrimidine nucleoside and phosphate ... In enzymology, a pyrimidine-nucleoside phosphorylase (EC 2.4.2.2) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction a ... This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism. As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is pyrimidine-nucleoside:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase. This enzyme is also ...

In enzymology, a pyrimidine-deoxynucleoside 1'-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.11.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2 ...

Other names in common use include pyrimidine nucleotide N-ribosidase, and Pyr5N. This enzyme participates in pyrimidine ... Imada A (1967). "Degradation of pyrimidine nucleotides by enzyme systems of Streptomyces. II. Pyrimidine 5'-nucleotide ... a pyrimidine base Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are pyrimidine 5'-nucleotide and H2O, whereas its two products are D- ... In enzymology, a pyrimidine-5'-nucleotide nucleosidase (EC 3.2.2.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction a ...

April 1999). "1H-NMR spectroscopy of body fluids: inborn errors of purine and pyrimidine metabolism". Clin. Chem. 45 (4): 539- ... Inborn errors of purine-pyrimidine metabolism are a class of inborn error of metabolism disorders specifically affecting purine ... Inborn errors of purine-pyrimidine metabolism, All stub articles, Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disease stubs, ... metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism. An example is Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Urine tests may be of use in identifying some of ...

... is a metabolite in the purine metabolism, formed by the hydrolysis of ... 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)pyrimidine is deaminated by Diaminohydroxyphosphoribosylaminopyrimidine ...

... and the pyrimidines, the six-membered rings C and T. A fifth pyrimidine nucleobase, uracil (U), usually takes the place of ... such as pyrimidine, found in meteorites. Pyrimidine, like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), the most carbon-rich ... In DNA, the pyrimidines are thymine and cytosine; the purines are adenine and guanine. Both strands of double-stranded DNA ... For example, UV light can damage DNA by producing thymine dimers, which are cross-links between pyrimidine bases. On the other ...

Folkers, K.; Harwood, H. J.; Johnson, T. B. (1932). "Researches on Pyrimidines. Cxxx. Synthesis of 2-Keto-1,2,3,4- ... Folkers, K.; Johnson, T. B. (1933). "Researches on Pyrimidines. CXXXVI. The Mechanism of Formation of Tetrahydropyrimidines by ...

... purines and pyrimidines; and kerogen-type material. The organic inventories of primitive meteorites display large and variable ...

"Purines and pyrimidines". Retrieved 2008-03-27. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) Guanine was first ... With the formula C5H5N5O, guanine is a derivative of purine, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with ...

In 1918, he received the Nichols Medal of the American Chemical Society in recognition of his work on pyrimidines. and in 1919 ... Johnson, Treat B.; Coghill, Robert D. (1925). "Researches on Pyrimidines. C111. The Discovery of 5-Methyl-Cytosine in ... Johnson, Treat B.; Hahn, Dorothy A. (1933). "Pyrimidines: Their Amino and Aminoöxy Derivatives". Chemical Reviews. 13 (2): 193- ... Johnson, Treat B. (1918). "The Development of Pyrimidine Chemistry-Medal Address". Journal of Industrial & Engineering ...

Pyrimidine biosynthesis Cooper C, Wilson DW (1954). "Biosynthesis of pyrimidines". Fed. Proc. 13: 194. Lieberman I, Kornberg A ... April 1954). "Enzymatic synthesis and breakdown of a pyrimidine, orotic acid. I. Dihydroortic acid, ureidosuccinic acid, and 5- ... 5-dihydroorotic acid in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines. It forms a multifunctional enzyme with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase ...

Campbell LL (August 1957). "Reductive degradation of pyrimidines. III. Purification and properties of dihydrouracil ... pyrimidine reductase, thymine reductase, uracil reductase, and dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+). This enzyme participates in ... 3 metabolic pathways: pyrimidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis. ...

CAMPBELL LL (1960). "Reductive degradation of pyrimidines. 5. Enzymatic conversion of N-carbamyl-beta-alanine to beta-alanine, ... Traut TW, Loechel S (1984). "Pyrimidine catabolism: individual characterization of the three sequential enzymes with a new ... This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: pyrimidine metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and pantothenate and coenzyme ...

Sprague JM, Kissinger LW, Lincoln RM (1941). "Sulfonamido Derivatives of Pyrimidines". Journal of the American Chemical Society ... Pyrimidines, All stub articles, Antibiotic stubs, Dermatologic drug stubs). ...

Disruption of purine and pyrimidine production may impair energy storage and transport in cells. Impairment of these processes ... Kelley, Roger E.; Andersson, Hans C. (2014-01-01). Disorders of purines and pyrimidines. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. ... This enzyme is involved in producing purines and pyrimidines which are the building blocks of DNA, RNA, ATP and other molecules ...

Adenine and guanine are purines, while thymine, cytosine and uracil are pyrimidines. Purines are larger than pyrimidines. Both ... any pyrimidine) and M (amino) to K (keto). W (weak) and S (strong) are usually not swapped but have been swapped in the past by ...

Ralevic V, Burnstock G (Nov 1998). "Receptors for purines and pyrimidines". Pharmacol Rev. 50 (3): 413-92. PMID 9755289. ...

Purines, pyrimidines, and imidazoles. Part XVII. A synthesis of willardiine". Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed): 583. ...

Other names in common use include pyrimidine phosphorylase, UrdPase, UPH, and UPase. This enzyme participates in pyrimidine ... CANELLAKIS ES (1957). "Pyrimidine metabolism. II. Enzymatic pathways of uracil anabolism". J. Biol. Chem. 227 (1): 329-38. doi: ...

Pyrimidine synthesis is regulated by the allosteric inhibition of orotate synthesis by UDP and UTP. PRPP and ATP are also ... "Pyrimidine Metabolism". www.cliffsnotes.com. Retrieved 2017-11-15. Lane AN, Fan TW (February 2015). "Regulation of mammalian ... The synthesis of ATP and GTP (purines) differs from the synthesis of CTP, TTP, and UTP (pyrimidines). Both purine and ... Moffatt BA, Ashihara H (April 2002). "Purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and metabolism". The Arabidopsis Book. 1: ...

In pyrimidine biosynthesis, it serves as the rate-limiting enzyme and catalyzes the following reaction: 2 ATP + L-glutamine + ... Pyrimidine biosynthesis. Textbook of Veterinary Physiological Chemistry. 2015;:83-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-391909- ...

US Patent US 3457262 A. Gutsche K, Muftic MK (1972). Pyrimidine derivatives. US Patent US 3632584 A Albrecht R, Muftic MK, ...

ISBN 978-1-4641-2610-9. Shambaugh, G. E. (June 1979). "Pyrimidine biosynthesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 32 ... the product of pyrimidine biosynthesis. The enzyme nucleoside monophosphate kinase converts UMP and ATP to uridine diphosphate ...

Basile B, Lazcano A, Oró J (1984). "Prebiotic syntheses of purines and pyrimidines". Adv Space Res. 4 (12): 125-131. Bibcode: ...

... may refer to: Thymidine phosphorylase Uridine phosphorylase This article includes a list of related ...

In enzymology, a pyrimidine-deoxynucleoside 2'-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.11.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2'- ... pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside 2'-hydroxylase, thymidine 2'-dioxygenase, thymidine 2'-hydroxylase, thymidine 2-oxoglutarate ...

Pyrimidines. Part XIII. Electrophilic substitution at position 6 and a synthesis of divicine (2,4-diamino-5,6- ... Bendich, C. (1953). "A revision of the structural formulation of vicine and its pyrimidine aglucone, divicine". Biochim. ...

... pyrimidine, ammonia, and methanol, which are compounds found in astrophysical environments. Pyrimidine, like polycyclic ... Uracil is a common and naturally occurring pyrimidine derivative. The name "uracil" was coined in 1885 by the German chemist ... Brown DJ, Evans RF, Cowden WB, Fenn MD (1994). Taylor EC (ed.). The Pyrimidines. Heterocyclic Compounds. Vol. 52. New York, NY ... It has been synthesized under cold laboratory conditions similar to outer space, from pyrimidine embedded in water ice and ...

Urea gives pyrimidines. Condensation with two aryl- and alkylamines to gives NacNacs, wherein the oxygen atoms in acetylacetone ...

... a pyrimidine nucleotide, is an inhibitor of pyrimidine synthesis. This regulation helps to keep the purine/pyrimidine amounts ... Pyrimidine nucleosides include cytidine, uridine, and thymidine. The synthesis of any pyrimidine nucleotide begins with the ... Pyrimidine bases can also be salvaged. For example, the uracil base can be combined with ribose-1-phosphate to create uridine ... Purine and pyrimidine nucleosides can either be degraded to waste products and excreted or can be salvaged as nucleotide ...

Ralevic V, Burnstock G (September 1998). "Receptors for purines and pyrimidines". Pharmacological Reviews. 50 (3): 413-92. PMID ...