"Entrez Gene: TTF1 transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase I". Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple ... Transcription termination factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTF1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... Muth V, Nadaud S, Grummt I, Voit R (2001). "Acetylation of TAF(I)68, a subunit of TIF-IB/SL1, activates RNA polymerase I ... 2007). "Quantitative measurement of telomerase reverse transcriptase, thyroglobulin and thyroid transcription factor 1 mRNAs in ...

Elongation factor for RNA polymerase II 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELL2 gene. The encoded protein is a ... "Entrez Gene: Elongation factor for RNA polymerase II 2". Retrieved 2018-08-24. Martincic K, Alkan SA, Cheatle A, Borghesi L, ... Mann MC, Strobel S, Fleckenstein B, Kress AK (September 2014). "The transcription elongation factor ELL2 is specifically ... "Transcription elongation factor ELL2 drives Ig secretory-specific mRNA production and the unfolded protein response". J. ...

CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) induces PAR accumulation. ADP-ribose polymers, either free or PARP1 bound, are able to inhibit DNA ... Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a family of proteins involved in a number of cellular processes such as DNA repair, ... Bürkle A, Brabeck C, Diefenbach J, Beneke S (May 2005). "The emerging role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 in longevity". The ... Yu SW, Andrabi SA, Wang H, Kim NS, Poirier GG, Dawson TM, Dawson VL (November 2006). "Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates poly( ...

... binding in bacteria involves the sigma factor recognizing the core promoter region containing the −35 and −10 ... After transcription starts, the factor can unbind and let the core enzyme proceed with its work. The core RNA polymerase ... In order to bind promoters, RNAP core associates with the transcription initiation factor sigma (σ) to form RNA polymerase ... RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNAs, rRNA 5S and other small RNAs found in the nucleus and cytosol. RNA polymerase IV and V ...

Magnesium is required as a co-factor for thermostable DNA polymerase. Taq polymerase is a magnesium-dependent enzyme and ... Touchdown polymerase chain reaction or touchdown style polymerase chain reaction is a method of polymerase chain reaction by ... These are polymerases fused to a processivity-enhancing DNA-binding protein, enhancing adherence of the polymerase to the DNA. ... "FAQs for Polymerases and Amplification". New England Biolabs. Eckert KA, Kunkel TA (August 1991). "DNA polymerase fidelity and ...

RNA polymerase RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase III Selective factor 1 Russell, Jackie; Zomerdijk, Joost C B M (2006). "The RNA ... RNA polymerase 1 (also known as Pol I) is, in higher eukaryotes, the polymerase that only transcribes ribosomal RNA (but not 5S ... Twelve of its subunits have identical or related counterparts in RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and RNA polymerase III (Pol III). ... The HOT1 sequence includes an RNA polymerase I transcription promoter. In a yeast mutant strain defective in RNA polymerase I ...

However, many factors complicate this calculation, creating uncertainties and inaccuracies. These factors include the following ... The polymerase chain reaction method is used to quantify nucleic acids by amplifying a nucleic acid molecule with the enzyme ... "Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. Duewer DL, ... Digital polymerase chain reaction (digital PCR, DigitalPCR, dPCR, or dePCR) is a biotechnological refinement of conventional ...

Polymerase II can interrupt and excise the mismatched bases. Polymerase II has a much higher fidelity factor than Polymerase ... If the Polymerase II is knocked out by a mutation or disabled by other factors, Polymerase IV will take its place to fix the ... DNA Polymerase II is a member of the polymerase B family and supports Polymerase III in DNA replication moving from the 3′ end ... Polymerase II functions to protect against mutations caused by Polymerase IV. Polymerase IV is much more error prone than ...

Banach-Orlowska M, Fijalkowska IJ, Schaaper RM, Jonczyk P (October 2005). "DNA polymerase II as a fidelity factor in ... Prokaryotic polymerases exist in two forms: core polymerase and holoenzyme. Core polymerase synthesizes DNA from the DNA ... Family X polymerases contain the well-known eukaryotic polymerase pol β (beta), as well as other eukaryotic polymerases such as ... DNA polymerase II is a family B polymerase encoded by the polB gene. Pol II has 3'-5' exonuclease activity and participates in ...

The T7 DNA polymerase requires a host factor, E. coli thioredoxin, in order to carry out its function. This helps stabilize the ... It is a member of the Family A DNA polymerases, which include E. coli DNA polymerase I and Taq DNA polymerase. This polymerase ... T7 DNA polymerase is an enzyme used during the DNA replication of the T7 bacteriophage. During this process, the DNA polymerase ... The mechanism adopted by T7 polymerase to achieve its processivity differs from many other polymerases in that it does not rely ...

... the phosphoprotein binds to the N and L proteins and forms part of the RNA polymerase complex. P is the polymerase co-factor. M ... When the RNA polymerase is paused, a chance exists that it will dissociate from the RNA genome. If it dissociates, it must re- ... Since RNA-dependent RNA polymerase does not have an error-checking function, many mutations are made when the RNA is processed ... After each gene is transcribed, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase pauses to release the new mRNA when it encounters an ...

Bradsher JN, Jackson KW, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (1994). "RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII. I. Identification, ... It activates elongation by RNA polymerase II by suppressing transient pausing of the polymerase at many sites within ... Elongin B is a subunit of the transcription factor B (SIII) complex. The SIII complex is composed of elongins A/A2, B and C. ... Li XY, Green MR (1998). "The HIV-1 Tat cellular coactivator Tat-SF1 is a general transcription elongation factor". Genes Dev. ...

Orphanides G, Lagrange T, Reinberg D (November 1996). "The general transcription factors of RNA polymerase II". Genes & ... DNA within nucleosomes is inaccessible to many transcription factors. Some transcription factors, so-called pioneer factors are ... Helix-loop-helix factors (bHLH) 1.2.1 Family: Ubiquitous (class A) factors 1.2.2 Family: Myogenic transcription factors (MyoD) ... Plant transcription factor database TcoF-DB: Database of transcription co-factors and transcription factor interactions ...

Bradsher JN, Jackson KW, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (1994). "RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII. I. Identification, ... "A human cDNA encoding the small subunit of RNA polymerase II transcription factor SIII". Gene. 150 (2): 413-4. doi:10.1016/0378 ... It activates elongation by RNA polymerase II by suppressing transient pausing of the polymerase at many sites within ... Elongin C is a subunit of the transcription factor B (SIII) complex. The SIII complex is composed of elongins A/A2, B and C. ...

Lenne-Samuel N, Wagner J, Etienne H, Fuchs RP (January 2002). "The processivity factor beta controls DNA polymerase IV traffic ... DNA polymerase IV is a prokaryotic polymerase that is involved in mutagenesis and is encoded by the dinB gene. It exhibits no 3 ... In E. coli, DNA polymerase IV (Pol 4) is involved in non-targeted mutagenesis. Pol IV is a Family Y polymerase expressed by the ... DNA polymerase IV can catalyze translesion synthesis across a variety of DNA damages including 8-oxoguanine, a major oxidative ...

1992). "HIV-1 Tat acts as a processivity factor in vitro in conjunction with cellular elongation factors". Genes Dev. 6 (4): ... In yeast, this polymerase subunit is associated with the polymerase under suboptimal growth conditions and may have a stress ... This gene encodes the fourth-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in ... DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the POLR2D gene. ...

"RNA polymerase I upstream activating factor complex". Saccharomyces Genome Database. Stanford University. Retrieved 13 August ... Upstream activation factor (full name: Upstream activation factor subunit UAF30) also called "Upstream activation factor 30 KDa ... "Upstream activation factor subunit UAF30 - UAF30 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast)". ...

Poly(A) polymerase alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAPOLA gene. PAPOLA binds to FIP1L1 (Factor interacting ... "Entrez Gene: PAPOLA poly(A) polymerase alpha". "FIP1L1 factor interacting with PAPOLA and CPSF1 [Homo sapiens (Human)] - Gene ... Pendurthi UR, Alok D, Rao LV (1997). "Binding of factor VIIa to tissue factor induces alterations in gene expression in human ... end-processing factor. FIP1L1 gene fusions between it and either the platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha (PGDFRA) or ...

An additional study found that the proximal promoter is one of many thousand direct targets of transcription factor, Myc, in ... Functionally, it binds to RNA Polymerase II. Negative Orientation Nuclear Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein Interacting ... Positive Orientation General Transcription Factor IIF (GTF2F2) is further downstream directed in the same orientation. ...

PCR inhibitors are any factor which prevent the amplification of nucleic acids through the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR ... As well as methods for the removal of inhibitors from samples before PCR, some DNA polymerases offer varying resistance to ... PCR inhibitors usually affect PCR through interaction with DNA or interference with the DNA polymerase. Inhibitors can escape ... different inhibitors and increasing the concentration of the chosen DNA polymerase also confers some resistance to polymerase- ...

... is an emergency backup factor for DNA polymerases. RFC2 gene product required for a cell cycle checkpoint ... For polymerases δ and ε, RFC is a primer recognition factor. During chromosomal DNA replication, the RFC2 gene product meets ... Tang H, Hilton B, Musich PR, Fang DZ, Zou Y (April 2012). "Replication factor C1, the large subunit of replication factor C, is ... "Replication Factor C3 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a Small Subunit of Replication Factor C Complex, Plays a Role in Both ...

The sigma factor, together with RNA polymerase, is known as the RNA polymerase holoenzyme. Every molecule of RNA polymerase ... For example, σ70 is the sigma factor with a molecular weight of 70 kDa. The sigma factor in the RNA polymerase holoenzyme ... A sigma factor (σ factor or specificity factor) is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria. It is a ... Sigma factors in E. coli: σ70(RpoD) - σA - the "housekeeping" sigma factor or also called as primary sigma factor (Group 1), ...

In RNA polymerase I, Transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase I binds downstream of the pre-rRNA coding regions, ... causing the dissociation of the RNA polymerase from the template and the release of the new RNA strand. In RNA polymerase II, ... When the Rho protein reaches the RNA polymerase complex, transcription is terminated by dissociation of the RNA polymerase from ... ρ factor The Rho protein is an RNA translocase that recognizes a cytosine-rich region of the elongating mRNA, but the exact ...

Orphanides G, Lagrange T, Reinberg D (November 1996). "The general transcription factors of RNA polymerase II". Genes & ... General transcription factor IIE subunit 1 (GTF2E1), also known as transcription initiation factor IIE subunit alpha (TFIIE- ... "Entrez Gene: general transcription factor IIE". Jeronimo C, Forget D, Bouchard A, Li Q, Chua G, Poitras C, Thérien C, Bergeron ... Transcription factor II E GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000153767 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ...

RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ELL gene. ELL (gene) has been shown to ... "Entrez Gene: ELL elongation factor RNA polymerase II". Shinobu N, Maeda T, Aso T, Ito T, Kondo T, Koike K, Hatakeyama M (Jun ... Shilatifard A, Lane WS, Jackson KW, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (Apr 1996). "An RNA polymerase II elongation factor encoded by the ... Shilatifard A, Haque D, Conaway RC, Conaway JW (1997). "Structure and function of RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL. ...

Orphanides G, Lagrange T, Reinberg D (November 1996). "The general transcription factors of RNA polymerase II". Genes & ... General transcription factor IIE subunit 2 (GTF2E2), also known as transcription initiation factor IIE subunit beta (TFIIE-beta ... "Functional interaction of general transcription initiation factor TFIIE with general chromatin factor SPT16/CDC68". Genes to ... "Entrez Gene: general transcription factor IIE". Jeronimo C, Forget D, Bouchard A, Li Q, Chua G, Poitras C, Thérien C, Bergeron ...

Neish AS, Anderson SF, Schlegel BP, Wei W, Parvin JD (February 1998). "Factors associated with the mammalian RNA polymerase II ... Huang M, Qian F, Hu Y, Ang C, Li Z, Wen Z (October 2002). "Chromatin-remodelling factor BRG1 selectively activates a subset of ... Barker N, Hurlstone A, Musisi H, Miles A, Bienz M, Clevers H (September 2001). "The chromatin remodelling factor Brg-1 ... Medina PP, Sanchez-Cespedes M, Cespedes MS (2008). "Involvement of the chromatin-remodeling factor BRG1/SMARCA4 in human cancer ...

Liu M, Xie Z, Price DH (October 1998). "A human RNA polymerase II transcription termination factor is a SWI2/SNF2 family member ... Hara R, Selby CP, Liu M, Price DH, Sancar A (August 1999). "Human transcription release factor 2 dissociates RNA polymerases I ... "Entrez Gene: TTF2 transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II". Leonard D, Ajuh P, Lamond AI, Legerski RJ (September ... Transcription termination factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTF2 gene. This gene encodes a member of the ...

Elongation factor RNA polymerase II-like 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELL3 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... "Entrez Gene: Elongation factor RNA polymerase II-like 3". Takahashi H, Parmely TJ, Sato S, Tomomori-Sato C, Banks CA, Kong SE, ... and biochemical characterization of the testis-specific RNA polymerase II elongation factor ELL3". The Journal of Biological ... "Human mediator subunit MED26 functions as a docking site for transcription elongation factors". Cell. 146 (1): 92-104. doi: ...

Neish AS, Anderson SF, Schlegel BP, Wei W, Parvin JD (February 1998). "Factors associated with the mammalian RNA polymerase II ... BRCA1 was shown to co-purify with the human RNA Polymerase II holoenzyme in HeLa extracts, implying it is a component of the ... Cabart P, Chew HK, Murphy S (July 2004). "BRCA1 cooperates with NUFIP and P-TEFb to activate transcription by RNA polymerase II ... Anderson SF, Schlegel BP, Nakajima T, Wolpin ES, Parvin JD (July 1998). "BRCA1 protein is linked to the RNA polymerase II ...