Amino acid synthesis
This operon has a distinct block of the leader sequence, called block 1: Met-Thr-Arg-Val-Gln-Phe-Lys-His-His-His-His-His-His- ... The RNA polymerase will then transcribe the cys regulon and cysteine will be produced. Further regulation is required for this ... The second step involves the NADPH+-dependent reduction of α-acetolactate and migration of methyl groups to produce α, β- ... trpG encodes the second subunit, which facilitates the transfer of the amino group from glutamine. Anthranilate synthase is ...
Protein methylation
Protein methylation has been most studied in histones, where the transfer of methyl groups from S-adenosyl methionine is ... McBride, A.; Silver, P. (2001). "State of the Arg: Protein Methylation at Arginine Comes of Age". Cell. 106 (1): 5-8. doi: ... Grewal, S. I.; Rice, J. C. (2004). "Regulation of heterochromatin by histone methylation and small RNAs". Current Opinion in ... The methyl group is removed by a specific protein phosphatase methylesterase. These two opposed enzymes make serine-threonine ...
Histone methyltransferase
The lysine chain then makes a nucleophilic attack on the methyl group on the sulfur atom of the SAM molecule, transferring the ... McBride AE, Silver PA (July 2001). "State of the arg: protein methylation at arginine comes of age". Cell. 106 (1): 5-8. doi: ... Histone-Modifying Enzymes Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) Histone deacetylase (HDAC) RNA polymerase control by chromatin ... that catalyze the transfer of one, two, or three methyl groups to lysine and arginine residues of histone proteins. The ...
Homochirality
When recrystallizations from a mixture of 12 D,L-amino acids (Ala, Asp, Arg, Glu, Gln, His, Leu, Met, Ser, Val, Phe, and Tyr) ... Amino acids are the building blocks of peptides and enzymes while sugar-peptide chains are the backbone of RNA and DNA. In ... If one takes, for example, alanine, which has a small methyl group, and phenylalanine, which has a larger benzyl group, a ... and chiral transmission is the transfer of chirality from one set of molecules to another. ...
List of EC numbers (EC 3)
Xaa-Arg dipeptidase EC 3.4.13.5: Xaa-methyl-His dipeptidase EC 3.4.13.6: Now EC 3.4.11.2, membrane alanyl aminopeptidase EC 3.4 ... Now EC 3.4.24.55, pitrilysin EC 3.4.99.45: Transferred entry: insulinase. Now EC 3.4.24.56, insulysin EC 3.4.99.46: Transferred ... RNA helicase EC 3.6.5.1: heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase EC 3.6.5.2: small monomeric GTPase EC 3.6.5.3: protein-synthesizing ... 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring)]-phosphatase EC 3.1.3.53: [myosin-light-chain] ...
Amino acid
In cells, this reaction does not occur directly; instead, the amino acid is first activated by attachment to a transfer RNA ... There are three amino acids with side chains that are cations at neutral pH: arginine (Arg, R), lysine (Lys, K) and histidine ( ... aspartylphenylalanine 1-methyl ester), which is used as an artificial sweetener. Amino acids are sometimes added to food by ... The order in which the amino acids are added is read through the genetic code from an mRNA template, which is an RNA copy of ...