Another type of arthroplasty that is becoming an alternate choice to spinal fusion is Total Disc Replacement. Total disc ... Adjacent segment disease can be addressed by performing cervical disc arthroplasty using a device such as the Bryan cervical ... Phillips FM, Garfin SR (September 2005). "Cervical disc replacement". Spine. 30 (17 Suppl): S27-33. doi:10.1097/01.brs. ... disc prosthesis. The option of the surgery is to maintain range of motion and attenuate the rate of adjacent segment disease ...

Intervertebral disc arthroplasty: also called Artificial Disc Replacement (ADR), or Total Disc Replacement (TDR), is a type of ... DDD can cause mild to severe pain, either acute or chronic, near the involved disc, as well as neuropathic pain if an adjacent ... There is a disc between each of the vertebrae in the spine. A healthy, well-hydrated disc will contain a great deal of water in ... Cervical corpectomy: A procedure that removes a portion of the vertebra and adjacent intervertebral discs to allow for ...

Artificial disc replacement (ADR), or total disc replacement (TDR), is a type of arthroplasty. It is a surgical procedure in ... Another possible benefit is the prevention of premature breakdown in adjacent levels of the spine, a potential risk in fusion ... The second disc replacement to achieve wide clinical use was the prodisc total disc replacement; it continues to have worldwide ... Zhai, S.; Li, A.; Li, X.; Wu, X. (2020). "Total disc replacement compared with fusion for cervical degenerative disc disease: A ...

... degenerative disc disease). It is also used as a backup procedure for total disc replacement surgery (intervertebral disc ... Adjacent segment disease - degeneration of vertebrae above/below the fused segments due altered biomechanical stresses or ... The most common cause of pressure on the spinal cord/nerves is degenerative disc disease. Other common causes include disc ... Conditions where spinal fusion may be considered include the following: Degenerative disc disease Spinal disc herniation ...

These procedures include: Anterior cervical discectomy Artificial disc replacement or total disc replacement Epidural lysis of ... They can involve cutting away tissue (discectomy), fixing adjacent vertebrae to one another (spinal fusion), and replacing bone ... nucleus replacement devices, and artificial discs, through the retractor. Robot-assisted surgery is another technique that is ... MISS can be used to treat a number of spinal conditions such as degenerative disc disease, disc herniation, fractures, tumors, ...

The park is adjacent to the Interurban Trail, an inter-city hiking and cycling trail developed in the late 1990s that travels ... According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.16 square miles (10.77 km2), of which 4.06 sq mi ( ... Terrace Creek Park is the city's largest, at 60 acres (24 ha), and includes hiking trails, open fields, and a disc golf course ... The facility was renovated in 2003 and has been the subject of replacement or expansion plans that were not realized. ...

The tail is long and whip-like, measuring some 2.5 times the length of the disc. A long, saw-toothed spine is placed atop the ... tail at around half a disc length back from the tail base; sometimes one or two replacement spines are also present in front of ... The seven upper and 12-14 lower tooth rows at the center are functional, though the total number of tooth rows is much greater ... and also frequents adjacent open areas of sand or mud. Rays in the northwestern Atlantic do not usually enter brackish water. ...

Discs all around (ventilated in front), different wheels with a five-bolt pattern rather than three, and a three-speed semi- ... Adjacent to the radio was a suspension height adjustment lever. The steering wheel was single-spoke design, minimizing its ... 1,896,742 GS models and 576,757 GSA models were produced in total. Unlike the 2CV, Ami, DS and SM, the GS was never officially ... and Indonesian-assembled models as it made light replacement cheaper and easier. The GS took 14 years to develop from initial ...

... most including the total demolition of the tower). In 2005, demolition work began on the tower and a replacement office block ... Birmingham City University are currently building a new city centre campus adjacent to Millennium Point with further plans for ... covered in thousands of reflective discs (see picture) and is a form of blobitecture. In Eastside, the Learning and Leisure ... Starting in the 1950s, a total of 464 tower blocks above six storeys were built in Birmingham, 7% of all the tower blocks ...

... with city services temporarily relocated at an adjacent building until a permanent replacement is built. The police station was ... A disc golf course was opened in 2000 at Catherine Creek Park, a small park with hiking trails and natural areas.: 10 The ... According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.90 square miles (23.05 km2), of which 8.88 square ... The city had 1,553 registered businesses with 4,202 total jobs, according to 2012 estimates by the U.S. Census and Puget Sound ...

A one atom thick layer of graphene in between a steel ball and steel disc lasted for 6,500 cycles. Conventional lubricants ... It extends the life of the product and allows keeping the total thickness of devices small. Being atomically thin, defectless ... One application was as a radio replacement for long-distance communications, given sound's ability to penetrate steel and water ... However, mismatches at the boundary between horizontally adjacent crystals reduces heat transfer by a factor of 10. Graphene ...

Various failure rates and strategies for revision of total disc replacement have been reported. The role of artificial or total ... Levin DA, Hale JJ, Bendo JA (2007). "Adjacent segment degeneration following spinal fusion for degenerative disc disease". ... of fusion patients had one or more contraindications to disc replacement. The role of disc replacement must come from new ... Lumbar total disc replacement was originally designed to be an alternative to lumbar arthrodesis (fusion). The procedure was ...

A total of 4,965 athletes participated in 39 sports to be held all across Puerto Rico, Colombia, Guatemala, and Guyana. The ... His replacement, Felipe Pérez, received unanimous support and took office on 27 April 2009. On 31 January 2008, Aníbal Acevedo ... The act had the participation of Dutch DJ and musician Tiësto as well as several local disc-jockeys. The official opening ... Following his designation, he announced that he would discuss with the mayors of adjacent municipalities. Pedrín Colón was ...

The most recent replacement was in May 2015 when FieldTurfRevolution (2.5") artificial turf was installed. A new 35-foot video ... The Arthur Neef Law Library, located on the north section of the main campus adjacent to the Wayne State University Law School ... The UGL houses the university libraries' collection of approximately videos, DVDs, laser discs and audiotapes. The UGL provides ... Wayne State had a total of 24,931 students. The official student newspaper is The South End. The university hosts the public ...

Later developments included a Mapped Intelligent Disc System (MIDS) which networked 2200 series terminals to a single mass ... its total revenues for the first half of 2001 dwindled to $9,000 and a year later fell to nothing - Dynacore searched for a ... led by the immediate resignation of O'Kelley and his replacement as chairman by Edelman, who dropped his legal challenges. ... throughput of 20 Mbit/s and include options such as LiteLink which used infra-red technology to link systems in adjacent ...

In total, 9.7% population age 5 and older spoke a mother language other than English. Growing into a predominantly Black and ... The disc jockeys are volunteers, many of them college students. Louisiana's film and television tax credits spurred growth in ... Some of the replacement buses operate on biodiesel. The Jefferson Parish Department of Transit Administration operates ... Notably, this score of 70.6 approaches the score (78.4) posted in 2009 by the adjacent, suburban Jefferson Parish public school ...

Total bogie weight is 6.3 tonnes (powered) and 4.4 tonnes (trailer), a reduction of around one third from the SF5000 design. ... Syntegra - potential Siemens replacement bogie. Up to 24 trains per hour in central London. The 240 m long trains were expected ... Adjacent to the existing Hornsey EMU depot then operated by First Capital Connect. On development land associated with the ... Braking is by tread brakes and regenerative braking on motor bogies, and two axle-mounted disc brakes per axle on trailer ...

Both lunulae and discs have been linked to sun worship. Cahill (2015) connects them to a "great solar cult" stretching across ... Before the turn of the millennium the typical Beaker features had gone, their total duration being 200-300 years at the most. A ... We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE, and by ~2000 BCE the replacement of 40% of Iberia's ... the lower Ebro and adjacent east coast, and the northwest (Galicia and northern Portugal). A corded-zoned Maritime variety (C/ ...

In total, about 67% of the park is estimated to be in its natural state, while 33% of the park is estimated to be developed.: ... A replacement tree was planted in 1915, and the current tree at the location is an elm. Thomas Pell Wildlife Sanctuary and the ... There was also a new two-story brick Greek Revival clubhouse adjacent to both of the 18-hole courses, with a golf store, Pro ... The statue itself is 18 feet tall and 3,700 pounds (1,700 kg), located atop a series of 14 discs. This brings the monument's ...

According to the 2010 census, the city has a total area of 28.0 square miles (72.4 km2), of which 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2), ... Morristown is also home to several golf and disc golf courses. Morristown uses the mayor-council government system, which was ... Violence then followed, with shots fired, cars damaged, and one adjacent house destroyed by dynamite. The then-governor of ... Officials from American Enka Company then advertised for replacements of the striking workers. Tensions soon built when ...

Its replacement is the Eeco. First Generation Maruti Omni in India. Rear of a first generation Maruti Suzuki Omni For this ... The van was produced at the IBC Vehicles plant in Luton, England, adjacent to the main Vauxhall factory (GM's British-based ... Both engines feature three valves per cylinder or 12-valve in total. The truck was lightly facelifted, with a new grille ... including a switch from front drum brakes to discs on all models. Two months later, the Carry Van line switched to the Every ...

The building was initially designed to be built on land adjacent to the existing three buildings and adjoin them. By December ... The Bone & Joint Center; offering joint replacement, sports medicine, foot/ankle and upper extremity services, treatment of hip ... and a total of 350 beds. The building did not include a connection to the Anna J. Freeman Pavilion that was originally planned ... disc herniations, and spinal fractures. Kingsbrook Rehabilitation Institute; treating the most complicated neurological and ...

Adjacent lines in the picture are in alternate fields. b) Half of the horizontal lines (262.5 in NTSC and 312.5 in PAL) needed ... Frame The total area, occupied by the television picture, which is scanned while the picture signal is not blanked. a) A frame ... DVD An acronym for "Digital Versatile Disk". It is the same size as a compact disc (CD). A single-layer DVD has a storage ... a synonym for "post-sync": dialog replacement (i.e. dubbing) during post-processing to improve audio quality. Loop Through The ...

The replacement bus service was far slower and less convenient than the train service it replaced, resulting in the shuttle bus ... According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 26.1 square miles (67.6 km2), of which 25.8 square miles ... It operates out of a large visitor center offering two miles of hiking trails on its 55-acre nature preserve located adjacent ... a disc golf course and canoe rentals. The other two main parks are Churchville Nature Center and the Northampton Township ...

Total population living within these MUDs is 47,648 (2010 city estimate). Round Rock's largest district is Brushy Creek ... Round Rock does not often annex a MUD to avoiding having to take on the aging infrastructure replacement and upkeep costs. ... In August 2010, Austin Community College's largest campus to date opened adjacent to the Texas State University center. ACC is ... The city's Old Settlers Park offers a professionally designed disc golf course, cricket, cross country running, twenty-field ...

It consists of a disk with an attached handle; the edge of the disc usually has a semicircular recess. In many cases, the face ... Today the collective group makes up over 80% of the indigenous peoples in Chile and about 9% of the total Chilean population. ... Genetically the Mapuche differ from the adjacent indigenous peoples of Patagonia. This suggests a "different origin or long- ... although such substitution and replacement is now[when?] forgotten.[citation needed] Chile exports wood to the United States, ...

VIP seating adjacent to the main floor is often more comfortable. For example, arm chairs or couches may be provided, and may ... That same year the U.S. state of California alone accounted for US$1 billion in revenue, and the total size of the global strip ... Bouncers can also double as doormen or disc jockeys (DJs); serving as hosts and maintaining the flow of entertainment and even ... followed by immediate replacement of the clothing. Not all strippers are comfortable dancing topless or fully nude. Strippers ...

They totalled 122 units, and when overtaken by Australian National they were recoded from FQX/F to AQCX/Y. The whole fleet was ... There is no indication as to what sort of material might have been used to cover the gap between KL and adjacent KQ wagons ... The remaining pair of VFEX wagons were stored by 1981, and VFEX4 was used as a replacement underframe for a VTQY tank wagon in ... and some wagons received disc wheels. Splashers were fitted over cutouts in the angled slopes, and it appears these may have ...

An entrance to the Whitehall Street station is adjacent to the eastern side of the building, while an entrance to the Bowling ... There are 44 columns in total: twelve each on the north, east, and west elevations and eight on the south elevation. The second ... The building was proposed in 1889 as a replacement for the previous New York Custom House at 55 Wall Street. Because of various ... Three bronze lanterns are suspended from the vaulted ceiling, hanging above a red-marble disc on the floor. Elmer E. Garnsey ...

Avelia Liberty, the replacement for the Acela Express in the United States. Expected to enter service in 2023. The Moroccan ... Further deliveries started in 2000 with the Duplex fleet now totalling 160 units, making it the backbone of the SNCF TGV-fleet ... It was articulated, comprising two adjacent carriages sharing a bogie, allowing free yet controlled motion with respect to one ... truck structure and disc brakes, and crash energy management technology to control structural deformations in accidents. ...