... regulatory sequences, ribonucleic acid MeSH G14.080.689.687.249 - rna 3' polyadenylation signals MeSH G14.080.689.687.490 - rna ... sequence tagged sites MeSH G14.340.024.815 - silencer elements, transcriptional MeSH G14.340.024.850 - tandem repeat sequences ... terminal repeat sequences MeSH G14.080.708.850.400 - hiv long terminal repeat MeSH G14.080.708.850.400.400 - hiv enhancer MeSH ... expressed sequence tags MeSH G14.340.024.340.137.290 - 3' flanking region MeSH G14.340.024.340.137.295 - 5' flanking region ...
... regulatory sequences, ribonucleic acid MeSH G06.184.603.080.689.687.249 - rna 3' polyadenylation signals MeSH G06.184.603.080. ... regulatory sequences, nucleic acid MeSH G06.184.603.080.689.330 - enhancer elements (genetics) MeSH G06.184.603.080.689.330.240 ... amino acid sequence MeSH G06.184.603.060.040 - amino acid motifs MeSH G06.184.603.060.040.500 - f-box motifs MeSH G06.184. ... amino acid MeSH G06.184.842.200.820 - structural homology, protein MeSH G06.184.842.550 - sequence homology, nucleic acid MeSH ...
... regulatory sequences, ribonucleic acid MeSH D13.444.735.790.199 - rna, catalytic MeSH D13.444.735.790.400 - rna, guide MeSH ... apurinic acid MeSH D13.695.578.550.500 - poly a MeSH D13.695.578.550.500.510 - poly a-u MeSH D13.695.578.550.530 - poly ... amino acid-specific MeSH D13.444.735.757.700.050 - rna, transfer, ala MeSH D13.444.735.757.700.075 - rna, transfer, arg MeSH ... guanylic acid MeSH D13.695.667.454.700 - rna caps MeSH D13.695.667.454.700.710 - rna cap analogs MeSH D13.695.667.616 - inosine ...
While DNA serves as template for production of ribonucleic acid (RNA), RNA is usually responsible for making protein. The ... Recently, advances in next-generation sequencing have decreased the cost of sequencing significantly, allowing more RNAseq ... Depending on the needs of the cell, regulatory mechanisms choose which exons, and sometimes introns, to join. This process of ... mouse and fruit fly chimeric transcripts and RNA-sequencing data". Nucleic Acids Research. 41 (D1): D142-D151. doi:10.1093/nar/ ...
... tRNA-intron lyase is responsible for splicing phosphodiester bonds within non-coding ribonucleic acid chains. These non-coding ... Peebles CL, Gegenheimer P, Abelson J (February 1983). "Precise excision of intervening sequences from precursor tRNAs by a ... while the Sen15 and Sen54 subunits play regulatory roles. Although these structures have been well documented in yeast isoforms ... All four structures feature at least two active sites made of three amino acids (tyrosine, histidine, and lysine) that catalyze ...
palindromic sequence A nucleic acid sequence of a double-stranded DNA or RNA molecule in which the unidirectional sequence (e.g ... ribonucleic acid (RNA) A polymeric nucleic acid molecule composed of a series of ribonucleotides which incorporate a set of ... operator A regulatory sequence within an operon, typically located between the promoter sequence and the structural genes of ... sequence See nucleic acid sequence. sequence logo In bioinformatics, a graphical representation of the conservation of ...
Two types of small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules, microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), are central to ... Three prime untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of mRNAs often contain regulatory sequences that post-transcriptionally cause RNAi. ... web-based antiviral siRNA design software for highly divergent viral sequences". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Web Server issue ... Among all regulatory motifs within the 3′-UTRs (e.g. including silencer regions), MREs make up about half of the motifs. As of ...
Edmonds, M (2002). A history of poly A sequences: from formation to factors to function. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and ... Stevens A (1963). "Ribonucleic Acids-Biosynthesis and Degradation". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 32: 15-42. doi:10.1146/ ... This removes regulatory elements in the 3′ untranslated regions of mRNAs for defense-related products like lysozyme and TNF-α. ... Edmonds, M.; Vaughan, M. H.; Nakazato, H. (1 June 1971). "Polyadenylic Acid Sequences in the Heterogeneous Nuclear RNA and ...
Adams BD, Furneaux H, White BA (May 2007). "The micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) miR-206 targets the human estrogen receptor- ... MiR-206 is a microRNA with a sequence conserved across most mammalian species, and in humans is a member of the myo-miR family ... A number of additional miR-206 regulatory modules have been identified, such as the lncRNA HOTAIR mediated up-regulation of Bcl ... In fact, a number of studies have indicated that the canonical seed sequence of a miRNA is not a sole determinate in miRNA:mRNA ...
Holley RW, Everett GA, Madison JT, Zamir A (May 1965). "Nucleotide sequences in the yeast alanine transfer ribonucleic acid". ... Some new and exciting examples of progress in this field are the identification of genes for regulatory RNAs, insights into the ... sequencing. Shotgun sequencing is a sequencing method designed for analysis of DNA sequences longer than 1000 base pairs, up to ... In 1964, Robert W. Holley and colleagues published the first nucleic acid sequence ever determined, the ribonucleotide sequence ...
... and deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid synthesis. Regucalcin can control enhancement of cell proliferation due to ... Regulatory role in liver cell function". Calcium Inhibition. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 19-41. Fujita T, Uchida K, Maruyama N ( ... Shimokawa N, Yamaguchi M (August 1993). "Molecular cloning and sequencing of the cDNA coding for a calcium-binding protein ... From many investigations, regucalcin has been shown to play a multifunctional role in many cell types as a regulatory protein ...
The sequence of DNA that encodes the sequence of the amino acids in a protein is transcribed into a messenger RNA chain. ... Kurland CG (1960). "Molecular characterization of ribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli ribosomes". Journal of Molecular ... They proposed the ribosome filter hypothesis to explain the regulatory functions of ribosomes. Evidence has suggested that ... Their main function is to convert genetic code into an amino acid sequence and to build protein polymers from amino acid ...
Universal presence of nucleoside O in the first position of the anticodons of these transfer ribonucleic acid". Biochemistry. ... Binding of preQ1 to the aptamer domain promotes the sequestration of a part of SD sequence at the 5' end to the P2 stem of the ... Page for PreQ1 riboswitch at Rfam (Cis-regulatory RNA elements, Riboswitch). ... Later on, preQ1 riboswitch was identified as a conserved sequence on the 5' UTR of genes in many gram-positive bacteria and was ...
... are a family of small ribonucleic acids, 21-25 nucleotides in length, that modulate protein expression through transcript ... "Identification of microRNAs and other small regulatory RNAs using cDNA library sequencing". Methods. 44 (1): 3-12. doi:10.1016/ ... miRNA sequencing in and of itself is not a new idea, initial methods of sequencing utilized Sanger sequencing methods. ... the raw sequence reads are filtered based on quality. The adaptor sequences are also trimmed off the raw sequence reads. The ...
Sheldon R, Jurale C, Kates J (1972). "Detection of polyadenylic acid sequences in viral and eukaryotic RNA(polu(U)-cellulose ... August JT, Ortiz PJ, Hurwitz J (December 1962). "Ribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleotide incorporation. I. Purification and ... The rate at which PAP adds adenine nucleotides is dependent on the presence of another regulatory protein, PABPII (poly-adenine ... Edmonds, Mary; Abrams, Richard (April 1960). "Polynucleotide Biosynthesis: Formation of a Sequence of Adenylate Units from ...
Demain, AL; Burg, RW; Hendlin, D (March 1965). "Excretion and Degradation of Ribonucleic Acid by Bacillus Subtilis". Journal of ... Among these DNA sequencing-derived methods is RNA sequencing. The main advantage of RNA sequencing over other methods for exRNA ... Kosaka, N; Izumi, H; Sekine, K; Ochiya, T (March 1, 2010). "microRNA as a new immune-regulatory agent in breast milk". Silence ... The advent of massively parallel sequencing (next-generation sequencing) lead to variations in DNA sequencing that allowed for ...
Auperin DD, McCormick JB (February 1989). "Nucleotide sequence of the Lassa virus (Josiah strain) S genome RNA and amino acid ... Pedersen IR (March 1973). "Different classes of ribonucleic acid isolated from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus". J. Virol. ... This complex gene expression structure is theorized to be a primitive regulatory system, allowing the virus to control what ... The separate coding sequences of the two viral proteins are divided by an intergenic region RNA sequence that is predicted to ...
Bamberger AM, Bamberger CM, Pu LP, Puy LA, Loh YP, Asa SL (1995). "Expression of pit-1 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein ... Tatsumi K, Notomi T, Amino N, Miyai K (1992). "Nucleotide sequence of the complementary DNA for human Pit-1/GHF-1". Biochim. ... "Expression of a large family of POU-domain regulatory genes in mammalian brain development". Nature. 340 (6228): 35-41. Bibcode ... Lew AM, Elsholtz HP (1991). "Cloning of the human cDNA for transcription factor Pit-1". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (22): 6329. doi: ...
"Hypertrophy and increased gene expression of neurons containing neurokinin-B and substance-P messenger ribonucleic acids in the ... "Entrez Gene: TAC3 tachykinin 3 (neuromedin K, neurokinin beta)". Page NM, Woods RJ, Lowry PJ (2001). "A regulatory role for ... 2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci ...
Irnov I, Sharma CM, Vogel J, Winkler WC (October 2010). "Identification of regulatory RNAs in Bacillus subtilis". Nucleic Acids ... "A search for small noncoding RNAs in Staphylococcus aureus reveals a conserved sequence motif for regulation". Nucleic Acids ... RsaK also contains a conserved ribonucleic antiterminator system, as recognised by GclT protein. RsaOG also renamed RsaI is ... Marchais A, Naville M, Bohn C, Bouloc P, Gautheret D (June 2009). "Single-pass classification of all noncoding sequences in a ...
... are a new class of medications based on ribonucleic acid (RNA). Research has been working on clinical use ... These drugs are short sequences of RNA that attach to mRNA and stop a particular gene from producing the protein for which it ... Bartel DP (January 2009). "MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions". Cell. 136 (2): 215-33. doi:10.1016/j.cell. ... Gros F, Hiatt H, Gilbert W, Kurland CG, Risebrough RW, Watson JD (May 1961). "Unstable ribonucleic acid revealed by pulse ...
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed ... complementary sequences of DNA and or RNA to a specific sequence) and, in this case, specific sequences of snRNAs. snRNAs are ... Furthermore, primary transcript processing provides a control for gene expression as well as a regulatory mechanism for the ... These DNA sequences bind to factors that contribute to the destabilization of the initiation complex required to activate RNA ...
July 2008). "Length-dependent recognition of double-stranded ribonucleic acids by retinoic acid-inducible gene-I and melanoma ... The catalytic helicase core contains at least 9 highly conserved sequence motifs that coordinate ATP and RNA binding and the ... The IKKε/TBK1 complex leads to the activation of the transcription factors interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and IRF7 which ... RIG-I (retinoic-acid inducible gene or DDX58) is the best characterized receptor within the RIG-I like receptor (RLR) family. ...
Gemmell advocated the implementation of a wastewater monitoring system to detect ribonucleic acid (RNA) as a method to identify ... Since 2011, Gemmell has led a team that sequenced the tuatara genome. The scientific interest in the tuatara genome is high ... "Microsatellite tandem repeats are abundant in human promoters and are associated with regulatory elements". PLOS One. 8 (2): ... and the sequencing of the tuatara genome (published in 2020). In 2020, Gemmell received the Hutton Medal by the Royal Society ...
The U11 snRNA (small nuclear ribonucleic acid) is an important non-coding RNA in the minor spliceosome protein complex, which ... The 5' splice site region possesses sequence complementarity with the 5' splice site of the eukaryotic U12 type pre-mRNA ... U11 is crucial to this regulatory process and responsible in forming a proteomic pool. Therefore U11 snRNA is important in ... end as splice site sequence (5' ss) and contains four stem loops structures (I-IV). A structural comparison of U11 snRNA ...
Mukherjee, A.S.; Beermann, W. (1965). "Synthesis of ribonucleic acid by the X-chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster and the ... In fact, xol-1 is often referred to in the literature as the master sex regulatory gene of C. elegans. XX C. elegans embryos ... Because the entire genome of the platypus has yet to be completely sequenced (including one of the X chromosomes), there is ... uridine into ribonucleic acid of the X chromosomes. Their studies showed equal levels of [3H]uridine incorporation in the ...
Ikemura, T; Dahlberg (25 July 1973). "Small ribonucleic acids of Escherichia coli. I. Characterization by polyacrylamide gel ... polypurine sequence followed by AUG, 14 amino acids and an UGA terminator). Using a filter binding assay and other methods ... Spot 42 (spf) RNA is a regulatory non-coding bacterial small RNA encoded by the spf (spot forty-two) gene. Spf is found in ... Ikemura, Tochimichi; Dahlberg (25 July 1973). "Small ribonucleic acids of Escherichia coli. II. Noncoordinate accumulation ...
Nucleotide sequence of the rpoC gene and amino acid sequence of the beta′-subunit". Nucleic Acids Research. 10 (13): 4035-4044 ... Halobacterium cutirubrum deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase". The Biochemical Journal. 121 (4): 621- ... Gene Regulatory Mechanisms. 1829 (1): 20-28. doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.08.009. PMC 3545073. PMID 22982365. Sydow JF, Cramer P ( ... making non-sequence-non-specific interactions at most promoters and sequence-specific interactions at upstream-element- ...
In molecular biology, a riboregulator is a ribonucleic acid (RNA) that responds to a signal nucleic acid molecule by Watson- ... Ribozyme riboregulators regulate the ability of a catalytic RNA molecule to cleave a target nucleic acid sequence. In ribozyme ... In synthetic biology, riboregulators can be used to regulate bacterial responses and probe gene regulatory networks. ... a Kozak consensus sequence in eukaryotes, or Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotes). The stalled complex then combines with ...
Levitt M (November 1969). "Detailed molecular model for transfer ribonucleic acid". Nature. 224 (5221): 759-63. Bibcode: ... distributions of introns and exons and regulatory elements Identification of sequence differences and variations such as point ... Pair-wise sequence alignment only compares two sequences at a time and multiple sequence alignment compares many sequences. Two ... A common use for pairwise sequence alignment is to take a sequence of interest and compare it to all known sequences in a ...