Pyruvate kinase
Mammals have two pyruvate kinase genes, PK-LR (which encodes for pyruvate kinase isozymes L and R) and PK-M (which encodes for ... Because the substrate for pyruvate kinase is a simple phospho-sugar, and the product is an ATP, pyruvate kinase is a possible ... Therefore, pyruvate kinase deficiency can cause chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (CNSHA). Pyruvate kinase deficiency is ... causing phosphorylation of pyruvate kinase and the inhibition of glycolysis. The M2 isozyme of pyruvate kinase can form ...
Pyruvate kinase PKLR
"Entrez Gene: PKLR pyruvate kinase, liver and RBC". Beutler E, Baronciani L (1996). "Mutations in pyruvate kinase". Hum. Mutat. ... 1991). "Point mutations in the L-type pyruvate kinase gene of two children with hemolytic anemia caused by pyruvate kinase ... Pyruvate kinase PKLR is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PKLR gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a pyruvate ... Kanno H, Fujii H, Hirono A, Miwa S (1991). "cDNA cloning of human R-type pyruvate kinase and identification of a single amino ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
... (also pyruvate dehydrogenase complex kinase, PDC kinase, or PDK; EC 2.7.11.2) is a kinase enzyme ... Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase is activated by ATP, NADH and acetyl-CoA. It is inhibited by ADP, NAD+, CoA-SH and pyruvate. Each ... Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase should not be confused with Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1, which is also sometimes known as ... "Site specificity of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzymes toward the three phosphorylation sites of human pyruvate ...
Pyruvate kinase deficiency
... is due to a mutation in the PKLR gene. There are four pyruvate kinase isoenzymes, two of which are ... Pyruvate kinase deficiency is an inherited metabolic disorder of the enzyme pyruvate kinase which affects the survival of red ... "Pyruvate kinase deficiency: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-11. "Pyruvate kinase ... Pyruvate kinase deficiency happens worldwide, however northern Europe, and Japan have many cases. The prevalence of pyruvate ...
pyruvate kinase)-phosphatase
The enzyme [pyruvate kinase]-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.49) catalyzes the reaction [pyruvate kinase] phosphate + H2O ⇌ {\ ... This enzyme is also called pyruvate kinase phosphatase. Jett MF, Hue L, Hers HG (1981). "Pyruvate kinase phosphatase". FEBS ... pyruvate kinase] + phosphate This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is [ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase]-phosphate phosphohydrolase. ...
Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase) kinase
... (EC 2.7.11.32, PPDK regulatory protein, pyruvate, phosphate dikinase regulatory protein, ... pyruvate,+phosphate+dikinase)+kinase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology ( ... Chastain CJ, Xu W, Parsley K, Sarath G, Hibberd JM, Chollet R (March 2008). "The pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase regulatory ... Burnell JN, Chastain CJ (June 2006). "Cloning and expression of maize-leaf pyruvate, Pi dikinase regulatory protein gene". ...
Pyruvate, water dikinase) kinase
... (EC 2.7.11.33, PSRP, PEPS kinase) is an enzyme with systematic name ADP:(pyruvate, water ... pyruvate,+water+dikinase)+kinase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology ( ... Burnell JN (January 2010). "Cloning and characterization of Escherichia coli DUF299: a bifunctional ADP-dependent kinase--Pi- ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction ADP + [pyruvate, water dikinase] ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 1
It codes for an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a part of a mitochondrial ... "Site specificity of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzymes toward the three phosphorylation sites of human pyruvate ... "Entrez Gene: PDK1 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1". Park J, Li Y, Kim SH, Kong G, Shrestha R, Tran Q, Hong J, Hur GM, ... Hur H, Xuan Y, Kim YB, Lee G, Shim W, Yun J, Ham IH, Han SU (Jan 2013). "Expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 in ...
Human genetic resistance to malaria
... also called erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency, is an inherited metabolic disorder of the enzyme pyruvate kinase. In this ... which in a state of pyruvate kinase deficiency rapidly become deficient in ATP and can undergo hemolysis. Therefore, pyruvate ... Ayi K, Min-Oo G, Serghides L, Crockett M, Kirby-Allen M, Quirt I, Gros P, Kain KC (2008). "Pyruvate kinase deficiency and ... a lack of pyruvate kinase slows down the process of glycolysis. This effect is especially devastating in cells that lack ...
Mitapivat
Mutations in pyruvate kinase cause deficiency in pyruvate kinase which prevents adequate red blood cell (RBC) glycolysis, ... September 2017). "AG-348 enhances pyruvate kinase activity in red blood cells from patients with pyruvate kinase deficiency". ... Mitapivat is a pyruvate kinase activator. The most common side effects include decreases in estrone and estradiol (types of the ... Mitapivat is indicated for the treatment of hemolytic anemia in adults with pyruvate kinase deficiency. Mitapivat binds to and ...
David Stuart (structural biologist)
Stuart, David Ian (1979). X-ray studies on pyruvate kinase. exlibrisgroup.com (PhD thesis). University of Bristol. David Stuart ... working on the structure of the enzyme pyruvate kinase in the laboratory of Hilary Muirhead. Stuart moved to Oxford in 1979 and ...
Lewis C. Cantley
Christofk HR, Vander Heiden MG, Wu N, Asara JM, Cantley LC (March 2008). "Pyruvate kinase M2 is a phosphotyrosine-binding ... March 2008). "The M2 splice isoform of pyruvate kinase is important for cancer metabolism and tumour growth". Nature. 452 (7184 ... This approach was used to characterize the substrate specificity of a large number of protein kinases. The kinase specificity ... March 2004). "The tumor suppressor LKB1 kinase directly activates AMP-activated kinase and regulates apoptosis in response to ...
PDK2
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 2 (PDK2) also known as pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 2, mitochondrial ... "Structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Novel folding pattern for a serine protein kinase". The Journal of Biological ... "Site specificity of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzymes toward the three phosphorylation sites of human pyruvate ... protein kinase B)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling pathway via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase". Journal of Immunology. 163 ( ...
Nucleoplasm
Israelsen; Vander Heiden, M.G. (2015). "Pyruvate kinase: Function, regulation and role in cancer". Seminars in Cell & ... Pyruvate kinase is also found in the nucleoplasm in significant quantities; this enzyme is involved in the final step of ... glycolysis, catalyzing the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate along with the phosphorylation of adenosine ...
PDK4
It codes for an isozyme of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. This gene is a member of the PDK/BCKDK protein kinase family and ... Kwon HS, Huang B, Unterman TG, Harris RA (Apr 2004). "Protein kinase B-alpha inhibits human pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 ... "Site specificity of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzymes toward the three phosphorylation sites of human pyruvate ... Pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4, mitochondrial (PDK4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PDK4 gene ...
David Fell (biochemist)
Fell did research on the physical biochemistry of yeast pyruvate kinase. He obtained a position at Oxford Polytechnic as a ... "The preparation and properties of pyruvate kinase from yeast". Biochemical Journal. 139 (3): 665-675. doi:10.1042/bj1390665. ...
Glycolysis
... leading to dephosphorylation and re-activation of pyruvate kinase. These controls prevent pyruvate kinase from being active at ... The final step of glycolysis is catalysed by pyruvate kinase to form pyruvate and another ATP. It is regulated by a range of ... During fasting (no glucose available), glucagon activates protein kinase A which phosphorylates pyruvate kinase to inhibit it. ... Pyruvate kinase ADP ATP 2 × Pyruvate 2 × The first five steps of Glycolysis are regarded as the preparatory (or investment) ...
HERC1
2003). "Interaction between HERC1 and M2-type pyruvate kinase". FEBS Lett. 539 (1-3): 78-84. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)00205-9 ...
Protein domain
The TIM-barrel in pyruvate kinase is 'discontinuous', meaning that more than one segment of the polypeptide is required to form ... An appropriate example is pyruvate kinase (see first figure), a glycolytic enzyme that plays an important role in regulating ... "The crystal structure of Toxoplasma gondii pyruvate kinase 1". PLOS ONE. 5 (9): e12736. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...512736B. doi: ... which is itself a tyrosine kinase. See also: SH3 domain. Zinc finger DNA-binding domain (ZnF_GATA): ZnF_GATA domain-containing ...
Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase
The reaction is similar to the reaction catalysed by pyruvate kinase, which also converts pyruvate to PEP. However, pyruvate ... pyruvate phosphate dikinase, pyruvate-inorganic phosphate dikinase, pyruvate-phosphate dikinase, pyruvate-phosphate ligase, ... In particular, PPDK is very similar to pyruvate kinase, which also catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate ... Research has shown that the PPDK binding mechanisms are similar to that of D-Ala-D-Ala ligase and pyruvate kinase. ...
Irwin Rose
Rose, I.A. (1970). "Stereochemistry of pyruvate kinase, pyruvate carboxylase, and malate enzyme reactions". J. Biol. Chem. 245 ... Rose, I.A. (1968). "State of magnesium in cells as estimated from adenylate kinase equilibrium". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 61 ... Rose, Irwin A. (1955). "Acetate kinase of bacteria (acetokinase)". Methods Enzymol. 1: 591-595. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(55)01102- ... or Mn2+-dependent formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate and ATP catalyzed by acetate kinase, an essential reaction for priming ...
Glutaminolysis
Mazurek, S; Grimm H; Boschek CB; Vaupel P; Eigenbrodt E (2002). "Pyruvate kinase type M2: a crossroad in the tumor metabolome ... Eigenbrodt, E; Kallinowski F; Ott M; Mazurek S; Vaupel P (1998). "Pyruvate kinase and the interaction of amino acid and ... role of pyruvate kinase type M2 and the glycolytic enzyme complex". Biochemical Journal. 356 (Pt 1): 247-256. doi:10.1042/0264- ... pyruvate + NAD(P)H + H+ + CO2 pyruvate + NADH + H+ → lactate + NAD+ The reactions of the glutaminolytic pathway take place ...
George Tsokos
"Pyruvate kinase M2 is requisite for Th1 and Th17 differentiation". JCI Insight. 4 (12): e127395. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.127395 ... for the increased production of IL-17 by promoting the activity of glutaminase 1 and suppressing the activity of pyruvate ...
PKM2
Pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (PKM1/M2), also known as pyruvate kinase muscle isozyme (PKM), pyruvate kinase type K, cytosolic ... Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the last step within glycolysis, the dephosphorylation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, and is ... intracellular gonococci bind pyruvate kinase via their Opa proteins and require host pyruvate for growth". Molecular ... "Use of a novel method to find substrates of protein kinase C delta identifies M2 pyruvate kinase". The International Journal of ...
Tumor marker
Kaura, B; Bagga, R; Patel, FD (2004). "Evaluation of the Pyruvate Kinase isoenzyme tumor (Tu M2-PK) as a tumor marker for ... Wechsel, HW; Petri, E; Bichler, KH; Feil, G (1999). "Marker for renal cell carcinoma (RCC): The dimeric form of pyruvate kinase ... Hardt, PD; Ngoumou, BK; Rupp, J; Schnell-Kretschmer, H; Kloer, HU (2000). "Tumor M2-pyruvate kinase: A promising tumor marker ... Kumar, Yogesh; Tapuria, Niteen; Kirmani, Naveed; Davidson, Brian R. (2007). "Tumour M2-pyruvate kinase: A gastrointestinal ...
Morpheein
Ibsen, KH; Schiller, KW; Haas, TA (1971). "Interconvertible kinetic and physical forms of human erythrocyte pyruvate kinase". ... 2001). "X-ray structure of HPr kinase: A bacterial protein kinase with a P-loop nucleotide-binding domain". The EMBO Journal. ... "Alanine-mediated reversible inactivation of tumour pyruvate kinase caused by a tetramer-dimer transition". FEBS Letters. 50 (3 ... 2004). "HPr kinase/phosphorylase, a Walker motif A-containing bifunctional sensor enzyme controlling catabolite repression in ...
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism
Phosphoglycerate kinase deficiency affects step 7 of glycolysis. Pyruvate kinase deficiency affects the 10th and last step of ... Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier deficiency (MPYCD) is a metabolic disorder, in which the transport of pyruvate from the cytosol ... the pyruvate not converted feeds the citric acid cycle (CAC); both via pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC, with Acetyl-CoA as ... Note: gluconeogenesis is taking place only in the liver and not in other cells like e.g. muscle cells.) The pyruvate created by ...
Glucagon (medication)
cite book}}: ,journal= ignored (help) Feliú JE, Hue L, Hers HG (August 1976). "Hormonal control of pyruvate kinase activity and ... Glucagon stimulation of PKA also inactivates the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase. In the 1920s, Kimball and Murlin studied ... cAMP-dependent protein kinase). This enzyme, in turn, activates phosphorylase kinase, which then phosphorylates glycogen ... The enzyme protein kinase A that was stimulated by the cascade initiated by glucagon will also phosphorylate a single serine ...
Alpha beta barrel
This alpha/beta barrel is a domain of pyruvate kinase enzyme. Groft CM, Beckmann R, Sali A, Burley SK (December 2000). "Crystal ... Lee, J. C.; Herman, P. (2011). Structural and functional energetic linkages in allosteric regulation of muscle pyruvate kinase ...
Tumor metabolome
Pyruvate kinase catalyses the ATP-generating step of glycolysis in which phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is converted to pyruvate. ... HIF1 then would activate the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDKs), which inactivate the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase ... Pyruvate kinase type M2 or PKM2 is present in embryonic, adult stem cells. It is also expressed by many tumor cells. The ... Mazurek S, Boschek CB, Hugo F, Eigenbrodt E (August 2005). "Pyruvate kinase type M2 and its role in tumor growth and spreading ...
Metabolic regulation of hematopoiesis
HIF1α also activates pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK) 2 and 4. These enzymes inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH). PDH ... converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, a crucial first step for metabolite entry into the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. ...