Performance-enhancing substances, also known as performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), are substances that are used to improve any ... Performance-enhancing substances are also used by military personnel to enhance combat performance. The use of performance- ... Athletic performance-enhancing substances are sometimes referred as ergogenic aids. Cognitive performance-enhancing drugs, ... The classifications of substances as performance-enhancing substances are not entirely clear-cut and objective. As in other ...

Widespread illegal substance abuse in tennis developed during the 1980s and 1990s as performance-enhancing substances became ... Bahrke, Michael (2002). Performance-Enhancing Substances in Sport and Exercise. Human Kinetics. ISBN 0736036792. "What is ... The practice of doping in tennis involves the use of prohibited, performance-enhancing substances listed by the International ... An independent tribunal ruled that Gasquet had not intentionally consumed the substance, that it was not performance-enhancing ...

"Three Broncos suspended for performance enhancing substances". NFL.com. March 9, 2012. Retrieved March 9, 2012. "Appeals court ... and tight end Virgil Green were each suspended by the NFL for violating the league's policy on performance-enhancing substances ...

Bahrke, Michael (2002). Performance-Enhancing Substances in Sport and Exercise. Agence France Presse (2012-07-17). "UCI ... Cadwallader AB, de la Torre X, Tieri A, Botrè F (September 2010). "The abuse of diuretics as performance-enhancing drugs and ... A diuretic (/ˌdaɪjʊˈrɛtɪk/) is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine. This includes forced ... Osmotic diuretics (e. g., mannitol) are substances that increase osmolarity, but have limited tubular epithelial cell ...

"192 Banned Performance Enhancing Substances and Methods". ProCon.org. March 17, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2015. "Russian ... World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances, All stub articles, Steroid stubs, Genito-urinary system drug stubs). ...

This is a list of doping in sport cases, or known cases of performance-enhancing substance use by professional athletes. Tennis ... but said he had not since then used banned performance-enhancing substances. He said he did not know the name(s) of the ... Association Performance Enhancing Substances Program after it was determined that he had ingested clenbuterol. Carter claimed ... This was his second suspension for performance enhancing drug use. The infamous "duchess" cocktail allegedly administered to ...

"192 Banned Performance Enhancing Substances and Methods". 17 March 2010. Archived from the original on 7 February 2013. ... As of December 19, 2008, the Code banned 192 performance-enhancing drugs, substances, and methods. Similar to the definitional ... as to which performance-enhancing substances are relevant to the sport of hockey. This list includes drugs of abuse and most ... lists other performance-enhancing drugs and substances as Schedule III Archived 2013-05-16 at the Wayback Machine drugs. A ...

Performance-enhancing substances have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine by societies around the world, ... "NHL/NHLPA performance-enhancing substances program summary". nhlpa.com. Archived from the original on 2007-06-02. Retrieved ... The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) maintains the list of performance-enhancing substances used by many major sports ... have been widely used as performance-enhancing drugs to improve performance in sports, to improve one's physical appearance, as ...

... and no use of performance-enhancing substances. Wind gauge malfunctions or infractions may invalidate a sprinter's time. Prior ... By 1976, six other men had equalled the 9.9 s hand-timed record, though none of their performances had an FAT mark. After the ... Both of these marks were recorded at a high altitude, which aids performance due to lower air resistance. Carl Lewis was the ... The 2008 season saw a new high for sub-10 second performances: 14 runners achieved the feat a total of 53 times between them, ...

"Recently I learned that I tested positive for a substance called furosemide, which is not a performance-enhancing substance. ... I have been clear that I did not use performance-enhancing substances as alleged in the notice of discipline, or violate the ... "Cardinals C Cody Stanley suspended for positive test for performance-enhancing substance". Star Tribune. Minneapolis-Saint Paul ... but not a performance-enhancing substance. However it is banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency and is often used as a masking ...

... for violating the policy on performance-enhancing substances. On December 17, 2014, Whitlock was signed to the New York Giants ... "Nikita Whitlock suspended 10 games for violating NFL's performance-enhancing drugs policy". 15 September 2016. Archived from ...

Fornabaio, Michael (October 9, 2020). "AHL: Sound Tigers' Bellows violated performance enhancing substances policy". ... announced that Bellows had violated the league's performance enhancing substances rules. On March 13, 2021, Bellows became the ...

"Performance-Enhancing Substances in Sport and Exercise (first ed.)". Jean-Pierre de Mondenard (2000). Dopage : L'imposture des ... This includes enhanced, random 'out of competition' testing for performance-enhancing drugs, with both urine and blood samples ... rumors emerged that the West German team had taken performance-enhancing substances. Several members of the team fell ill with ... Pascal Zachary argues in a Wired essay that legalizing performance-enhancing substances, as well as genetic enhancements once ...

Athletes have injected the EPO protein as a performance-enhancing substance for many years (blood doping). When the additional ... "Performance-enhancing substances in sports: a review of the literature". Sports Med. 45 (4): 517-531. doi:10.1007/s40279-015- ... performance enhancing, and/or against the "spirit of sport"). Kayser et al. argue that gene doping could level the playing ... its mention during the trial of a German coach who was accused and found guilty of giving his athletes performance enhancing ...

Momaya A, Fawal M, Estes R (April 2015). "Performance-enhancing substances in sports: a review of the literature". Sports ... Birch R, Noble D, Greenhaff PL (1994). "The influence of dietary creatine supplementation on performance during repeated bouts ... Rae C, Digney AL, McEwan SR, Bates TC (October 2003). "Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a ... Other products by supplement designer and CEO of Driven Sports, Matt Cahill, have contained dangerous substances causing ...

Momaya A, Fawal M, Estes R (April 2015). "Performance-enhancing substances in sports: a review of the literature". Sports ... As a performance-enhancing drug, EPO has been banned since the early 1990s, but a first test was not available until the 2000 ... rhEPO has been used illicitly as a performance-enhancing drug. It can often be detected in blood, due to slight differences ... EPO has been used as a performance enhancing agent in horse racing since at least 2019. "Erythropoietin". Merriam-Webster ...

Garafolo, Mike (October 11, 2011). "Giants' Jimmy Kennedy suspended after testing positive for performance-enhancing substances ... Kennedy was suspended four games for violating the league's policy on performance-enhancing drugs on October 11. He became a ...

On October 8, 2020 Hudson was suspended for six games for violating the NFL's policy on performance-enhancing substances. At ... "Titans' Tommy Hudson suspended for violating NFL's policy on performance-enhancing substances". The Tennessean. October 8, 2020 ...

... performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs). The other policy concerns "substances of abuse" and includes drugs that may not enhance ... "Oakland Raiders: Wide receiver Andre Holmes suspended four games for violating policy on performance enhancing substances". ... "Chiefs' Zach Sterup suspended for violating NFL policy on performance-enhancing substances". kansascity.com. Retrieved August ... Labbe, Dan (December 10, 2016). "Browns' Jordan Payton suspended for violating NFL policy on performance enhancing substances ...

Puello tested positive for a performance-enhancing substance on April 19. He was named champion-in-recess on May 10, 2023, and ... Idec, Keith (19 April 2023). "Puello Tests Positive For Banned Substance; Romero To Box Barroso For Vacant WBA Belt 5/13". ...

"Kortne Ford suspended 10 games for use of performance-enhancing substance". Kortne Ford at Soccerway. Retrieved 1 December 2021 ... suspended ten games and fined twenty percent of his annual salary after testing positive for a performance-enhancing substance ...

The use of performance-enhancing substances by players is illegal and ethically "wrong". While players that use illegal ... 74 performance-enhancing drugs, and 56 stimulants. One of the 74 performance-enhancing drugs is Human Growth Hormone (HGH), a ... covers the history of the use of illegal performance-enhancing substances by players and the effectiveness of the MLB Joint ... there was no way we could accuse somebody point blank that they were using some type of performance-enhancing substance... ...

At ONCE and BigMat, police did find performance-enhancing drugs during their raids. ONCE maintained that the substances were ... A routine check revealed that he carried a large quantity of performance-enhancing drugs with him. He was thereafter placed ... On 24 July, four Festina riders confessed to taking performance-enhancing drugs, with the first being Alex Zülle. The only ... Likewise, journalists going through waste containers at team hotels, searching for evidence of performance-enhancing drugs, ...

Cabrera never tested positive for performance-enhancing drugs. Cabrera's son Ramón is also a professional baseball player. The ... "I couldn't have used the substances that are identified. I never had possession of the alleged box that supposedly contained ...

Other performance-enhancing substances used by competitive bodybuilders include human growth hormone (HGH). HGH is also used by ... Some bodybuilders use anabolic steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs to build muscles and recover from injuries faster ... "Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs)". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Retrieved ... however using performance enhancing drugs can have serious health risks. Furthermore most competitions prohibit the use of ...

The performance-enhancing substance usage scandal covered more than 20 top-level athletes, including Jones's ex-husband, shot ... She frequently said that she had never tested positive for performance-enhancing substances; in her autobiography, she blamed ... Jones claimed she had never taken performance-enhancing drugs. "That was a lie, your honor", she said from the defense table. ... Teammate Kelli White was later found to have used performance-enhancing drugs and the IAAF disqualified the team. "Marion Jones ...

"Cardinals C Cody Stanley suspended for positive test for performance-enhancing substance". Star Tribune (Minneapolis-Saint Paul ... List of Major League Baseball players suspended for performance-enhancing drugs "Major League Baseball Players From the Cape ... In 2012, Stanley was suspended 50 games after testing positive for methylhexanamine and tamoxifen, prohibited substances under ... a prohibited substance under MLB's drug policy. It was the second such suspension in his professional career. On December 2, ...

"Cardinals C Cody Stanley suspended for positive test for performance-enhancing substance". Star Tribune. Minneapolis-Saint Paul ... The Cardinals added performance bonuses before the start of the season. The Houston Astros appointed longtime scout Charlie ... Just coming off a 13-strikeout performance on June 17 with the Class A Advanced Palm Beach Cardinals, he led all of the minor ... His 12th game was also his first four-hit performance of the season. From April 12-19, third baseman Matt Carpenter netted ...

She satisfied officials that the substance was not for performance-enhancing reasons. "Esther Akinsulie". Official 2018 Olympic ...

"Condors Callahan suspended 20 games by AHL for violation of Performance Enhancing Substances Program". Bakersfield Condors. ... Association Performance Enhancing Substances Program. At the conclusion of his contract with the Oilers, having played ...

When asked if she would rather compete without taking performance-enhancing substances if everyone else did, she responded that ... However, she stressed that while IFBB professional female bodybuilders use performance-enhancing substances, it also requires ... assessment that performance-enhancing substances are quite prevalent in bodybuilding, especially at the Olympia level. ... She also stated that IFBB professional female bodybuilding is infested with performance-enhancing substances. In the Winter ...

Subsequently, US athlete, Antonio Pettigrew admitted to using performance-enhancing substances during this period. On 7 January ... Pettigrew later admitted the use of performance-enhancing drugs from 1997 onwards in June 2008. No clear evidence has emerged, ... of him using performance-enhancing drugs during the 1991 season. In the final event of the Tokyo Championships, the men's 4 x ...

On December 4, 2018, Nelson was suspended 10 games for using performance-enhancing substances. He missed the final four games ...