This structure is found in vertebrates and in some cephalopods.[citation needed] All the myocytes are of the smooth muscle type ... The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in ... traveling between the sclera and the choroid to innervate the iris sphincter muscle. Iris dilator muscle Miosis Gest, Thomas R ... the muscle cells themselves are photosensitive causing iris action without brain input. It is controlled by parasympathetic ...
"The contractile strength of vascular smooth muscle myocytes is shape dependent." Integrative Biology 6.2 (2014): 152-163. ...
In contrast to smooth and skeletal muscle MLCKs, cMLCK expression is restricted to cardiac myocytes. Overexpression of cMLCK ... and myocyte-myocyte interactions. The sarcomeric effects of NRG-1 protects myocytes against structural disarray induced by ... Treatment of cardiac myocytes with rhNRG-1 significantly upregulated cMLCK expression or activity??? in CHF rat models, ... NRG-1 treatment of adult rat ventricular myocytes stimulate the formation of a multiprotein complex between ErbB2, FAK, and ...
T and X showed no contractile effects on the rat arterio smooth muscle. There was only a relaxing effect on the muscle. In ... This influx of calcium can leads to contraction in the myocytes. Probably the influx of calcium is mediated by the ... In all animals tested and also in the rat aorta and extravascular smooth muscle tissue, NRB exhibits vasorelaxant properties in ... has shown that in respiratory, urinary and gastrointestinal smooth muscle there was no contraction by norbormide. The symptoms ...
Indeed, FAM98A is expressed moderately high (roughly the 75th percentile) in smooth muscle and cardiac myocytes. GRCh38: ... and smooth muscle. According to Aceview, FAM98A is expressed at 3.9 times the expression of the average gene. Eleven ... Thalacker-Mercer AE, Fleet JC, Craig BA, Campbell WW (November 2010). "The skeletal muscle transcript profile reflects ...
... myocytes and smooth muscle cells". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. 28 (4): 735-42. doi:10.1006/jmcc.1996.0068. ... ECM deposition and myocyte hypertrophy. The increase in TGF-beta 1 expression in a pressure-overloaded heart correlates with ...
A smooth muscle cell is a spindle-shaped myocyte with a wide middle and tapering ends, and a single nucleus. Like striated ... single-unit smooth muscle, also known as visceral smooth muscle, and multiunit smooth muscle. Most smooth muscle is of the ... BBC - baby born with smooth muscle condition has 8 organs transplanted Smooth muscle antibody Stomach smooth muscle identified ... Within single-unit muscle, the whole bundle or sheet of smooth muscle cells contracts as a syncytium. Smooth muscle is found in ...
This gene encodes a spectrin repeat containing protein expressed in skeletal and smooth muscle, and peripheral blood ... Enaptin is a nuclear envelope protein found in human myocytes and synapses, which is made up of 8,797 amino acids. Enaptin is ... Grady RM, Starr DA, Ackerman GL, Sanes JR, Han M (March 2005). "Syne proteins anchor muscle nuclei at the neuromuscular ...
... alpha-actin of skeletal muscles),) Smooth muscle development (alpha-actin of smooth muscles), Regulation of myosin heavy chain ... TEAD proteins and MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2) interact physically. The binding of MEF2 on DNA induces and potentiates ... Carlini LE, Getz MJ, Strauch AR, Kelm RJ (March 2002). "Cryptic MCAT enhancer regulation in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells ... to regulate smooth muscle α-actin expression. PARP can also ADP-ribosylate the TEAD proteins and make the chromatin context ...
... sensitive potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle to cause smooth muscle relaxation. The combined inotropic and ... Levosimendan exerts its positive inotropic effect by increasing calcium sensitivity of myocytes by binding to cardiac troponin ... Secondly, the drug is able to open ATP sensitive potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, and the vascular dilatory ...
The presence of EETs relaxes vascular smooth muscle cells by hyperpolarizing the cell membrane, thus highlighting the ... CYP2J2 is readily expressed in the cardiac myocytes and endothelial cells of the coronary artery where various EETs are ...
V1 receptors (V1Rs) are found in high density on vascular smooth muscle and cause vasoconstriction by an increase in ... Cardiac myocytes also possess V1R. Additionally V1R are located in brain, testis, superior cervical ganglion, liver, blood ... AVPR1A are expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells, hepatocytes, platelets, brain cells, and uterus cells. AVPR1B are ...
A muscle cell is also known as a myocyte when referring to either a cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) or a smooth muscle cell ... The fusion of myoblasts is specific to skeletal muscle, and not cardiac muscle or smooth muscle. Myoblasts in skeletal muscle ... A skeletal muscle cell is long and threadlike with many nuclei and is called a muscle fiber. Muscle cells (including myocytes ... Smooth muscle has no myofibrils or sarcomeres and is therefore non-striated. Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus. The ...
PDE III is present in cardiac muscle, vascular smooth muscle and platelets. PDE III degrades the phosphodiester bond in cAMP to ... a special type of smooth ER) and decreasing the calcium available for contraction. In myocytes, the increase of cAMP ... An increase in cAMP with the administration of amrinone in vascular smooth muscle produces vasodilation by facilitating calcium ... levels fall in vascular smooth muscle. This impairs relaxation in the vasculature and is a part of the vicious cycle of CHF. ...
... signaling is required for differentiation of CNCCs to vascular smooth muscle cells and for proliferation of cardiac myocytes ( ... The CNCCs themselves are the precursors to vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac neurons. For example, CNCCs are required ... This phenotype (anomaly) was also observed when GATA6 was inactivated within vascular smooth muscle cells. GATA6 in combination ... Into the pharyngeal arches and Truncus arteriosus (embryology), forming the aorticopulmonary septum and the smooth muscle of ...
... consisting mainly of uterine smooth muscle cells (also called uterine myocytes) but also of supporting stromal and vascular ... The molecular structure of the smooth muscle of myometrium is very similar to that of smooth muscle in other sites of the body ... The excitation-contraction coupling of uterine smooth muscle is also very similar to that of other smooth muscle in general, ... In uterine smooth muscle, there is approximately 6-fold more actin than myosin. A shift in the myosin expression of the uterine ...
... myocytes, smooth muscle and endothelial vascular cells. They express several markers of stemness (i.e. Oct3/4, Bmi-1, Nanog) ... Moreover, it is now accepted that myocyte death and myocyte renewal are the two sides of the proverbial coin of cardiac ... Nadal-Ginard B, Kajstura J, Leri A, Anversa P (2003). "Myocyte death, growth and regeneration in cardiac hypertrophy and ... Nadal-Ginard B, Kajstura J, Leri A, Anversa P (2003). "Myocyte death, growth and regeneration in cardiac hypertrophy and ...
... but not in cardiac and vascular myocytes. Specifically, in smooth muscle tissue, PKG promotes the opening of calcium-activated ... PKG-I has been detected at high concentrations (above 0.1 μmol/L) in all types of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) including vascular ... It phosphorylates a number of biologically important targets and is implicated in the regulation of smooth muscle relaxation, ... and both isoforms are present in smooth muscle. PKG-II has been detected in renal cells, zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal ...
SUR1/Kir6.2 Cardiac myocytes - SUR2A Skeletal muscle - SUR2A Smooth muscle - SUR2B Brain - SUR1, SUR2A and SUR2B The SUR1 ...
... endothelial cells and smooth vascular muscle cells, and clonogenicity. These stem cells are capable of becoming myocytes, which ... smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells. The most promising results come from recellularized rat hearts. After only 8 days of ...
PARP1 is required for the induction of ICAM-1 gene expression by cardiac myocytes and smooth muscle cells, in response to TNF. ... and cellular energy depletion are involved in the cytotoxicity of macrophages and smooth muscle cells exposed to peroxynitrite ... expression in TNF-stimulated smooth muscle cells: Differential requirement for PARP-1 expression and interaction". Cellular ...
Hsp20 appears significant in development of the smooth muscle phenotype during development. Hsp20 also serves a significant ... role in preventing platelet aggregation, cardiac myocyte function and prevention of apoptosis after ischemic injury, and ... Salinthone S, Tyagi M, Gerthoffer WT (July 2008). "Small heat shock proteins in smooth muscle". Pharmacology & Therapeutics. ... Hsp20 phosphorylation correlates well with smooth muscle relaxation and is one significant phosphoprotein involved in the ...
... and vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle. Protein structure suggests a role as the drug-binding channel-modulating subunit ... "Distribution of Kir6.0 and SUR2 ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunits in isolated ventricular myocytes". Journal of ... "Molecular basis and characteristics of KATP channel in human corporal smooth muscle cells". International Journal of Impotence ...
... and in the myocyte's cytosolic compartment of the cytoplasm of cardiac and smooth muscle. During muscle contraction: H2O + ATP ... ATP is again used for muscle contraction) Muscle at rest: ATP + Creatine → ADP + CP + H+ (Mg2+ assisted, catalyzed by creatine ... As muscle tissues can have sudden demands for much energy, these compounds can maintain a reserve of high-energy phosphates ... The Phosphagen System (ATP-PCr) occurs in the cytosol (a gel-like substance) of the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle, ...
Similarly, sarcKATP regulates vascular smooth muscle tone, and deletion of the kir6.2 or sur2 genes leads to coronary artery ... Absence of sarcKATP, in addition to attenuating the benefits of IPC, significantly impairs the myocyte's ability to properly ... Noma, A. (1983). "ATP-regulated K+ channels in cardiac muscle". Nature. 305 (5930): 147-148. doi:10.1038/305147a0. PMID 6310409 ... KATP channels were first identified in cardiac myocytes by the Akinori Noma group in Japan. They have also been found in ...
... and in the myocyte's cytosolic compartment of the cytoplasm of cardiac and smooth muscle. The cycle occurs when ATP reservoirs ... During muscle contraction: H2O + ATP → H+ + ADP + Pi (Mg2+ assisted, utilization of ATP for muscle contraction by ATPase) H+ + ... Catabolism in Skeletal Muscle and Implications for Muscle and Whole-body Metabolism". Frontiers in Physiology. 12: 702826. doi: ... ATP is again used for muscle contraction) Muscle at rest: ATP + Creatine → H+ + ADP + CP (Mg2+ assisted, catalyzed by creatine ...
Excitable cells are neurons, muscle (cardiac, skeletal, smooth), vascular endothelial cells, pericytes, juxtaglomerular cells, ... cardiac myocytes and many other excitable cells like astrocytes. Calcium ion is also the most important second messenger in ... progesterone and estrogen modulate myometrial smooth muscle cell excitability. Many cell types are considered to have an ... A dose of salt may trigger the still-working neurons of a fresh cut of meat into firing, causing muscle spasms. ...
Some examples include: Diazoxide vasodilator used for hypertension, smooth muscle relaxing activity Minoxidil vasodilator used ... "Myocyte volume and function in response to osmotic stress: observations in the presence of an adenosine triphosphate-sensitive ... analgesic with muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant properties Potassium channel blocker Mizutani S, Prasad SM, Sellitto AD, ...
Unlike in cardiac muscle, where gap junctions are confined to the ends of cardiac myocytes, smooth muscle gap junctions occur ... Many smooth muscle cells in a transverse section through a muscle bundle show regions of very close apposition to adjacent ... Muscle effectors are bundles rather than single smooth muscle cells that are connected by gap junctions which allow ... Visceral efferent neurons innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands, and have the ability to be either excitatory or ...
2003). "Molecular basis and characteristics of KATP channel in human corporal smooth muscle cells". Int. J. Impot. Res. 15 (4 ... 2004). "Distribution of Kir6.0 and SUR2 ATP-sensitive potassium channel subunits in isolated ventricular myocytes". J. Mol. ... skeletal muscle, and heart". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (11): 5691-5694. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.11.5691. PMID 7890693. Inagaki N, Inazawa ...