BCL6 gene rearrangements have been frequently observed. B symptoms are uncommon. The characteristics of NLPHL differ from ... Wlodarska I, Stul M, De Wolf-Peeters C, Hagemeijer A (August 2004). "Heterogeneity of BCL6 rearrangements in nodular lymphocyte ... January 2003). "Frequent occurrence of BCL6 rearrangements in nodular lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin lymphoma but not in ... Lymphocyte predominant HL is an uncommon subtype composed of vague nodules of numerous reactive lymphocytes admixed with large ...

"Rearrangement and expression of T-cell receptor genes in large granular lymphocyte leukemia". Blood. 71 (3): 822-4. doi:10.1182 ... Clonal rearrangements of the T-cell receptor (TCR) genes are a necessary condition for the diagnosis of this disease. The gene ... T-cell with clonal rearrangements of γ chain T-cell receptor genes for a minority of cases. The requisite lymphocytosis of this ... "Clonal expansion of lymphocytes bearing the gamma delta T-cell receptor in a patient with large granular lymphocyte disorder". ...

... which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Since the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change ... The organization of gene segments that undergo gene rearrangement differs in cartilaginous fishes, which have a cluster form as ... in which one gene segment recombines with other gene segments to form a single unique gene. This assembly process generates the ... Jawless fishes have a different AIS that relies on gene rearrangement to generate diverse immune receptors with a functional ...

"Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and cell surface antigen expression of acute lymphocyte leukemias of T-cell and B-cell ... In the early 80s Waldmann studied immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in and cell surface markers on acute lymphocyte leukemias. ...

This mutation is a clonal gene rearrangement at the TCR-γ gene. Clonal gene rearrangements create novel or new surface ... Lutzner cells are an atypical form of T-cell lymphocytes and are normally CD4+. Lutzner cells develop because of clonal gene ... Skin biopsy Checks for signs of cancer Immunophenotyping Flow cytometry T-cell receptor gene rearrangement test Liver Function ... Skin biopsy Checks for signs of cancer Immunophenotyping Flow cytometry T-cell receptor gene rearrangement test Liver Function ...

Recombination activating gene 2 protein (also known as RAG-2) is a lymphocyte-specific protein encoded by RAG2 gene on human ... This mice strain has an inactivated RAG2 gene, therefore homozygous mice are unable to initiate V(D)J rearrangement and ... "Entrez Gene: Recombination activating gene 2". Corneo B, Moshous D, Güngör T, Wulffraat N, Philippet P, Le Deist FL, Fischer A ... "RAG-2-deficient mice lack mature lymphocytes owing to inability to initiate V(D)J rearrangement". Cell. 68 (5): 855-67. doi: ...

Mutations in this gene are responsible for the bare lymphocyte syndrome in which the immune system is severely compromised and ... Chromosomal rearrangement of CIITA is involved in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma ... This highly restricted tissue distribution suggests that expression of HLA class II genes is to a large extent under the ... Once in the nucleus, the protein acts as a positive regulator of class II major histocompatibility complex gene transcription, ...

... and CDKN2A genes. DLBCL-RT cells usually do not have abnormalities in the genes regulating cell signaling or B lymphocyte ... The RS cells in HL-RT may also show antibody-producing gene rearrangements that differ from those in their preceding CLL/SLL ... beta-2 microglobulin genes; translocations of the BCL6 and BCL2 genes; and losses of PRDM1 and TNFAIP3 genes. There is an ... CLL/SLL cells which develop deletions in the CDKN2A gene, disruptions of the TP53 gene, activation of the C-MYC gene, trisomy ( ...

DNA rearrangement causes one copy of each type of gene segment to go in any given lymphocyte, generating an enormous antibody ... gene segments and 6 Joining (J) gene segments. The light chain genes possess either a single (Cκ) or four (Cλ) Constant gene ... DJ recombination is followed (as above) with Vβ-to-DβJβ rearrangements. All gene segments between the Vβ-Dβ-Jβ gene segments in ... Abbas, Abul K. (2018). "Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement". Cellular and Molecular Immunology (9th ...

The TCRα originates from the rearrangement of TCRα variable (V) and joining (J) gene segments TRAV1-2/TRAJ12/20/33 during VDJ ... MAIT cells constitute a subset of αβ T lymphocytes characterized by a semi-invariant T cell receptor alpha (TCRα) chain. ... The gene signature is similar in both human and mice and includes among others immune genes involved in tissue repair (TNF, ... This gene expression points to the role of MAIT in tissue homeostasis and uncovers a potential link between maintaining and ...

... is then enforced via feedback inhibition where the functional Ig gene inhibits V(D)J rearrangement of the ... genes in B cells forms the genetic basis for the presence of only a single type of antigen receptor on a given B lymphocyte, ... If no successful rearrangement occurs on either chromosome, the cell dies. In the stochastic model, while the Ig rearrangement ... June 2004). "Gene switching and the stability of odorant receptor gene choice". Cell. 117 (6): 801-15. doi:10.1016/j.cell. ...

2002). "The analysis of the natural killer-like activity of human cytolytic T lymphocytes revealed HLA-E as a novel target for ... Dyer MJ (1989). "T-cell receptor delta/alpha rearrangements in lymphoid neoplasms". Blood. 74 (3): 1073-83. doi:10.1182/blood. ... 1993). "Isolation and sequence of two genes associated with a CpG island 5' of the factor VIII gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (3): ... "The chromosomal location of T-cell receptor genes and a T cell rearranging gene: possible correlation with specific ...

The recombination-activating genes (RAGs) encode parts of a protein complex that plays important roles in the rearrangement and ... There are two recombination-activating genes RAG1 and RAG2, whose cellular expression is restricted to lymphocytes during their ... RAG-1 and RAG-2 are proteins at the ends of VDJ genes that separate, shuffle, and rejoin the VDJ genes. This shuffling takes ... It is hypothesized that the absence of RAG-like genes in jawed vertebrates and urochordates is due to horizontal gene transfer ...

... gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte MeSH G04.610.626.320.501 - gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte, heavy chain MeSH G04.610.626.320. ... gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte, light chain MeSH G04.610.626.325 - gene rearrangement, t-lymphocyte MeSH G04.610.626.325.111 ... gene rearrangement, alpha-chain t-cell antigen receptor MeSH G04.610.626.325.211 - gene rearrangement, beta-chain t-cell ... gene rearrangement, delta-chain t-cell antigen receptor MeSH G04.610.626.325.311 - gene rearrangement, gamma-chain t-cell ...

Lymphocyte-like cells in these fish express highly variable lymphocyte receptor genes, which undergo somatic rearrangements ... As a general rule, rejection is mediated by the gene products of highly variable loci, which must match (or nearly match) ... "Self-recognition in social amoebae is mediated by allelic pairs of tiger genes". Science. 333 (6041): 467-70. Bibcode:2011Sci ... "Polymorphic Members of the lag Gene Family Mediate Kin Discrimination in Dictyostelium". Current Biology. 19 (7): 567-572. doi: ...

In adenocarcinoma, polyclonal rearrangement of the TCR γ chain gene was significantly greater in N1 and N2 patients (using the ... In the αβ T cell lineage, these chains are disulfide-linked and noncovalently associated at the cell surface of T lymphocytes. ... Eight of the sixteen total TRGV genes, seven of the sixteen TRGJ genes, and six of the eight TRGC genes were determined to be ... Huck S, Lefranc MP (November 1987). "Rearrangements to the JP1, JP and JP2 segments in the human T-cell rearranging gamma gene ...

"Mechanics of T cell receptor gene rearrangement". Current Opinion in Immunology. 21 (2): 133-139. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2009.03.009 ... Lymphocytes). ... recombination activating gene-1 and -2 (RAG1 and RAG2), along ... Junctional diversity describes the DNA sequence variations introduced by the improper joining of gene segments during the ... during which the different variable gene segments (those segments involved in antigen recognition) of TCRs and immunoglobulins ...

Such rearrangements, for instance, help create genes that produce a great variation of immunoglobulins in vertebrates. During ... At the early stage of lymphocyte B development, loci of immunoglobulins are rearranged. During rearrangement, segment VH on ... Gene unscrambling is type of genome-wide processing found particularly in ciliates. The germline genes in the micronucleus of ... are nonsequential must undergo gene unscrambling to be ligated in correct order to give functional genes Local rearrangements ...

Robertson, Miranda (1981). "Genes of lymphocytes II: T-cell receptors, idiotypes and the MHC". Nature. 291 (5812): 187-188. ... Robertson, Miranda (1982). "Gene rearrangement and the generation of diversity". Nature. 297 (5863): 184-186. Bibcode:1982Natur ... Robertson, Miranda (1983). "Tumours of lymphocytes: What happens when cellular oncogenes collide with immunoglobulin genes". ... Robertson, Miranda (1986). "Gene Therapy: Desperate appliances". Nature. 320 (6059): 213-214. Bibcode:1986Natur.320..213R. doi: ...

KMT2A (formerly MLL) gene rearrangements are most common and occur in the embryo or fetus before birth. These rearrangements ... B lymphocytes or T lymphocytes). Cytogenetic testing on the marrow samples can help classify disease and predict how aggressive ... In childhood ALL, this process begins at conception with the inheritance of some of these genes. These genes, in turn, increase ... on the cell surface can help differentiate malignant lymphocyte cells from reactive lymphocytes, white blood cells that are ...

Heilig JS, Tonegawa S (1986). "Diversity of murine gamma genes and expression in fetal and adult T lymphocytes". Nature. 322 ( ... Garman RD, Doherty PJ, Raulet DH (June 1986). "Diversity, rearrangement, and expression of murine T cell gamma genes". Cell. 45 ... within a population of lymphocytes known as intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs). The antigenic molecules that activate gamma ... One advantage and weakness of the Hayday nomenclature is that it is based on the gene order in the B6 genome, but this might ...

... pieces of DNA in chromosomes involved in the above-mentioned rearrangements have a tendency to recombine with other genes ( ... As lymphocytes develop from stem cells in the bone marrow into mature lymphocytes in the periphery, they rearrange special ... Genes often have variant spellings (polymorphisms) that do not affect function. In a gene as large as ATM, such variant ... As a result, most people with A-T have reduced numbers of lymphocytes and some impairment of lymphocyte function (such as an ...

"Utility of microdissection and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of immunoglobulin gene rearrangement and ... Histopathologic identification of atypical lymphocytes is considered the gold standard for diagnosing PCNSL/PIOL. If CSF ... Furthermore, adjunctive testing including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to identify monoclonal rearrangements ... of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene (for B-cell lymphomas) or T-cell receptor (TCR, for the very rare T-cell lymphomas ...

... primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CD3-gamma subunit of the T-lymphocyte receptor". N. Engl ... Griesinger F, Greenberg JM, Kersey JH (1989). "T cell receptor gamma and delta rearrangements in hematologic malignancies. ... "Entrez Gene: CD3G CD3g molecule, gamma (CD3-TCR complex)". Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing ... T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 gamma chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD3G gene. T cell antigen receptor ( ...

Three VLR genes (VLRA, VLRB, and VLRC) have been identified in lampreys and hagfish, and are expressed on three distinct ... Instead, the AIS of jawless vertebrates is based on variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) that are generated through ... diversify their repertoire of immunoglobulin domain-based T and B cell antigen receptors mainly through the rearrangement of V( ... D)J gene segments and somatic hypermutation, but none of the fundamental AIS recognition elements in jawed vertebrates have ...

Clonal TCR gene rearrangements for the γ and δ chains are typically found. The most frequent chromosomal abnormality is the ... A high lymphocyte count (> 100 x 109/L) along with low amounts of red blood cells and platelets in the blood are common ... T-PLL has the immunophenotype of a mature (post-thymic) T-lymphocyte, and the neoplastic cells are typically positive for pan-T ... In the peripheral blood, T-PLL consists of medium-sized lymphocytes with single nucleoli and basophilic cytoplasm with ...

Corcoran AE, Riddell A, Krooshoop D, Venkitaraman AR (1998). "Impaired immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in mice lacking the IL ... 1997). "Bcl-2 can rescue T lymphocyte development in interleukin-7 receptor-deficient mice but not in mutant rag-1-/- mice". ... "Entrez Gene: IL7R interleukin 7 receptor". Goodwin RG, Friend D, Ziegler SF, Jerzy R, Falk BA, Gimpel S, Cosman D, Dower SK, ... 1992). "c-kit gene expression in CD7-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: close correlation with expression of myeloid- ...

Large differences in gene expression are observed between x-rays and HZE ions, thus reflecting differences in damages response ... found that rearrangements involving telomere regions are associated with chromosomal instability in human fibroblasts that ... Durante, M.; George, K.; Wu, H.; Cucinotta, F. A. (2002). "Karyotypes of Human Lymphocytes Exposed to High-Energy Iron Ions". ... Ding, Liang-Hao; Shingyoji, Masato; Chen, Fanqing; Chatterjee, Aloke; Kasai, Kiyomi-Eguchi; Chen, David J. (2005). "Gene ...

Unlike T cells, NK cell receptors are germline encoded, and therefore do not require somatic gene rearrangements. Because NK ... Unlike T lymphocytes, resting NK cells use preformed lytic granules to kill target cells, implying a rapid cytolytic effect ... Different receptor genes are expressed primarily independently of other receptor genes, which substantiates the idea that ... Human genomes differ in their amount of KIR genes, in their proportion of inhibitory versus activating genes, and in their ...

In a three population-representative cohort study, NUTM1 gene rearrangements (i.e. fusion genes) occurred in 0.28 to 0.86% of ... Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a blood cancer of malignant B lymphocytes (termed B-cell ALL) or T lymphocytes (termed T- ... A fusion gene is an abnormal gene consisting of parts from two different genes that form as a result of a large scale gene ... consist of tumor cells that express a NUTM1 gene fused to one of the MADS-box gene family genes (i.e. a MXD4, MGA, or MXD1 gne ...