... (or viral latency) is the ability of a pathogenic virus to lie dormant (latent) within a cell, denoted as the ... Virus latency is not to be confused with clinical latency during the incubation period when a virus is not dormant. Episomal ... Herpes virus include chicken-pox virus and herpes simplex viruses (HSV-1, HSV-2), all of which establish episomal latency in ... HIV latency allows the virus to largely avoid the immune system. Like other viruses that go latent, it does not typically cause ...

These two viruses are the cause of oral and genital herpes. Latency is maintained in a variety of ways, one of which is the ... KSHV is one of eight known human cancer-causing viruses. The control of KSHV latency is most notably controlled by a set of ... Human herpes viruses, also known as HHVs, are part of a family of DNA viruses that cause several diseases in humans. One of the ... Eshleman, E.; Shahzad, A.; Cohrs, R. J. (2011). "Varicella zoster virus latency". Future Virology. 6 (3): 341-355. doi:10.2217/ ...

"Virus latency". ViralZone. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 15 June 2020. Keen EC (January 2015). "A century of ... As all viruses in the realm are double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, the realm belongs to Group I: dsDNA viruses of Baltimore ... fold MCP viruses, and the suffix -virae, which is the suffix used for virus kingdoms. All viruses in Duplodnaviria contain a ... While viruses in Duplodnaviria make use of the HK97 fold for their major capsid proteins, the major capsid proteins of viruses ...

"Virus latency". ViralZone. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 27 August 2020. Andrade-Martínez JS, Moreno-Gallego JL ... and the rabies virus, as well as the first virus to be discovered, Tobacco mosaic virus. Reverse transcribing viruses are a ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. ... Riboviria mostly contains eukaryotic viruses, and most eukaryotic viruses, including most human, animal, and plant viruses, ...

"Virus latency". ViralZone. Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics. Retrieved 24 September 2020. Andrade-Martínez JS, Moreno-Gallego ... As such, each virus realm represents at least one instance of viruses coming into existence. Within each realm, viruses are ... DNA viruses constitute two Baltimore groups: Group I: double-stranded DNA viruses, and Group II: single-stranded DNA viruses. ... The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) oversees virus taxonomy and organizes viruses at the basal level at ...

Latency is distinguished from lytic infection; in lytic infection many Herpes virus particles are produced and then burst or ... Ou Y, Davis KA, Traina-Dorge V, Gray WL (2007-05-16). "Simian varicella virus expresses a latency associated transcript that is ... Amelio AL, McAnany PK, Bloom DC (March 2006). "A chromatin insulator-like element in the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency- ... Farrell MJ, Dobson AT, Feldman LT (1991-02-01). "Herpes simplex virus latency-associated transcript is a stable intron". ...

Khanna KM, Lepisto AJ, Decman V, Hendricks RL (August 2004). "Immune control of herpes simplex virus during latency". Current ... IFN-γ has a significant anti-viral effect in herpes simplex virus I (HSV) infection. IFN-γ compromises the microtubules that ... Sodeik B, Ebersold MW, Helenius A (March 1997). "Microtubule-mediated transport of incoming herpes simplex virus 1 capsids to ... Milstone LM, Waksman BH (November 1970). "Release of virus inhibitor from tuberculin-sensitized peritoneal cells stimulated by ...

Clinical latency Virus latency "About HIV/AIDS , HIV Basics , HIV/AIDS". U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019- ... A slow virus is a virus, or a viruslike agent, etiologically associated with a slow virus disease. A slow virus disease is a ... JC virus & BK virus only cause disease in immunocompromised patients Was once thought to be due to a slow virus but is now ... as in the cases of JC virus and BK virus), or, in the case of prions, the identity of the agent involved. Slow viruses cause a ...

Thus, while herpes viruses can enter both the lytic and lysogenic cycles, latency allows the virus to survive and evade ... Brown, Jay C. (2017). "Herpes Simplex Virus Latency: The DNA Repair-Centered Pathway". Advances in Virology. 2017: 7028194. doi ... An example of a virus that uses the lysogenic cycle to its advantage is the Herpes Simplex Virus. After first entering the ... Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and replicate within a bacterium. Temperate phages (such as lambda phage) can reproduce ...

Regardless of this, the virus enters a latency phase and the infected individual becomes a lifetime asymptomatic carrier of EBV ... Houldcroft CJ, Kellam P (March 2015). "Host genetics of Epstein-Barr virus infection, latency and disease". Reviews in Medical ... It seems likely that the virus acts similarly to cause IVNK/TL. IVNK/TL may differ from the other types of NK- and T-cell ... Since infection with this virus is rarely seen in IVBCL, this form of IVL is not typically regarded as one of the Epstein-Barr ...

In latency 0, EBV is in memory B cells as fully dormant, non-reproductive viruses but in this, as in all of the other latency ... The virus in the three PTLD are in latency phase III and express most if not all of their latency genes including, in ... At any time thereafter, however, the virus may reactivate, enter either its lytic cycle, latency phase II, or latency phase III ... The virus avoids this by limiting expression of its latency genes to EBNA-1, LMP-1, -2A, -2B, some BARTs, and the two EBERs. ...

... ebv-sisRNA-1 is the third most abundant EBV RNA generated during a highly oncogenic form of virus latency (latency III). ... and may perhaps play a similar role in the maintenance of virus latency. "Epstein-Barr Virus and Infectious Mononucleosis". ... latency type III) and also in a rare type of latency (Wp-restricted latency) observed in ~15% of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. ... Farrell MJ, Dobson AT, Feldman LT (1991-02-01). "Herpes simplex virus latency-associated transcript is a stable intron". ...

Miller, G (1990). "The switch between latency and replication of Epstein-Barr virus". Journal of Infectious Diseases. 161 (5): ... Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2) are two viral proteins of the Epstein-Barr virus. LMP2A/LMP2B are ... Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a lifelong latent infection in B lymphocytes. Viral LMP2A mRNA is frequently detected in ... This suggests LMP2A plays an important role in viral latency, as well as in progression of EBV related diseases such as ...

Virus latency Herpesviridae BK virus Low-dose naltrexone "IMMUNODEFICIENCY 32B; IMD32B". OMIM. OMIM.org. Retrieved 19 March ... Transmission of this virus through the air or blood does not normally occur. The incubation period, or the time from infection ... Periodically, the virus can reactivate and is commonly found in the saliva of infected persons. Reactivated and post-latent ... A late event in a very few carriers of this virus is the emergence of Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, two rare ...

Amon, Wolfgang; Farrell, Paul J. (2005-05-01). "Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus from latency". Reviews in Medical Virology. ... Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), a virus similar to HIV, is capable of infecting primates. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is ... When the virus is able to use the cell to replicate its genetic information, the virus can spread infection throughout the body ... If a host cell expresses the complementary surface receptor for the virus, then the virus can attach and enter the cell. If a ...

Cameron JE, Fewell C, Yin Q, McBride J, Wang X, Lin Z, Flemington EK (December 2008). "Epstein-Barr virus growth/latency III ... "Cellular microRNAs contribute to HIV-1 latency in resting primary CD4+ T lymphocytes". Nature Medicine. 13 (10): 1241-7. doi: ...

Hurley EA, Thorley-Lawson DA (December 1988). "B cell activation and the establishment of Epstein-Barr virus latency". The ...

Persaud, Deborah (2003). "Latency in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: No easy answers". Journal of Virology. 77 ( ... Persaud and her research team found that viremia persists in children with plasma virus remaining at a level under the limit of ... In 2003, she stated about the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- type1 included in the subtypes of HIV. For the HIV patient, ... In 2009, her research team focused on the ongoing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). From this research, it was ...

Bet hedging has been used to explain the latency of Herpes viruses. The Varicella Zoster Virus, for instance, causes chickenpox ... Stumpf, Michael P. H.; Laidlaw, Zoe; Jansen, Vincent A. A. (2002). "Herpes Viruses Hedge Their Bets". Proceedings of the ...

... inhibitors may modulate the latency of some viruses, resulting in reactivation. This has been shown to ... Arbuckle JH, Medveczky PG (August 2011). "The molecular biology of human herpesvirus-6 latency and telomere integration". ...

Zhang L, Pagano JS (October 1997). "IRF-7, a new interferon regulatory factor associated with Epstein-Barr virus latency". ... IRF7 has been shown to play a role in the transcriptional activation of virus-inducible cellular genes, including the type I ... Smith EJ, Marié I, Prakash A, García-Sastre A, Levy DE (March 2001). "IRF3 and IRF7 phosphorylation in virus-infected cells ... Lin R, Noyce RS, Collins SE, Everett RD, Mossman KL (February 2004). "The herpes simplex virus ICP0 RING finger domain inhibits ...

The RNA transcript is produced by the virus and accumulates in host cells during latent infection; it is known as Latency ... encoded by the DNA of herpes viruses. It is produced by herpes viruses during the earliest stage of infection, when the virus ... "Pseudorabies virus EPO is functionally homologous to varicella-zoster virus ORF61 protein and herpes simplex virus type 1 ICPO ... Ou Y, Davis KA, Traina-Dorge V, Gray WL (August 2007). "Simian varicella virus expresses a latency-associated transcript that ...

"Signal Transduction and Transcription Factor Modification during Reactivation of Epstein-Barr Virus from Latency". Journal of ...

However, some viruses have evolved to twist this process to their own advantage by establishing latency. Latent proviral DNA ... Jung YJ, Choi H, Kim H, Lee SK (August 2014). "MicroRNA miR-BART20-5p stabilizes Epstein-Barr virus latency by directly ... Generally, the long-term latency of a mammalian virus is a dynamic interaction between it and the host cell's antiviral ... During latency, most viral genes are silenced, and infected individuals are asymptomatic. More importantly, during latency, ...

Even though they are not essential for lytic phases of the virus, these latency genes are important for promoting chronic ... Genes characteristic of this concept are those that control latency in some viruses like herpes. Murine gamma herpesvirus 68 ( ... Viruses also have notable virulence factors. Experimental research, for example, often focuses on creating environments that ... viruses, fungi, and protozoa) to achieve the following: colonization of a niche in the host (this includes movement towards and ...

June 2011). "Involvement of Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2) in the maintenance of Epstein-Barr virus latency". The Journal of ... JDP2 inhibits the promoter of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immediate early gene BZLF1 for the regulation of the latent-lytic ...

Mitchell BM, Bloom DC, Cohrs RJ, Gilden DH, Kennedy PG (2003). "Herpes simplex virus-1 and varicella-zoster virus latency in ... its latency is less well understood than that of the herpes simplex virus. Virus-specific proteins continue to be made by the ... "A comparison of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus latency and reactivation". The Journal of General ... a double-stranded DNA virus related to the herpes simplex virus. Most individuals are infected with this virus as children ...

... beginning with the polyoma virus. They were able to culture this virus and examine its latency, resulting in another classic ... Vogt, M.; Dulbecco, R. (1960). "Virus-Cell Interaction with a Tumor-Producing Virus". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 46 (3): 365 ... They were the first to successfully grow the virus in vitro and were able to plaque purify it, an essential step for subsequent ... They continued their work on tumor-causing viruses. However, their interests diverged, and in 1973, Vogt was appointed as a ...

Xing L, Kieff E (September 2007). "Epstein-Barr virus BHRF1 micro- and stable RNAs during latency III and after induction of ... The mir-BHRF1-3 microRNA precursor found in Human herpesvirus 4 (Epstein-Barr virus). In Epstein-Barr virus, mir-BHRF1-3 is ... with two other microRNAs also found in the Epstein-Barr virus genome. BHRF-3 has been shown to be expressed in latency-III ... "Identification of virus-encoded microRNAs". Science. 304 (5671): 734-6. doi:10.1126/science.1096781. PMID 15118162. S2CID ...

... s have been recognized as regulators of viral latency processes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. ... Also binds to a specific Brome Mosaic Virus, which is a plant-infecting RNA virus. TruD is able to modify a variety of RNA, and ... 1 transcription and escape from latency". EMBO Reports. 17 (10): 1441-1451. doi:10.15252/embr.201642682. ISSN 1469-221X. PMC ...

A protein found in neurons may bind to herpes virus DNA and regulate latency. Herpes virus DNA contains a gene for a protein ... adenovirus simian virus 40, vaccinia virus, reovirus, poliovirus and herpes simplex virus. When HSV particles are exposed to ... Valyi-Nagy T, Olson SJ, Valyi-Nagy K, Montine TJ, Dermody TS (December 2000). "Herpes simplex virus type 1 latency in the ... Animal herpes viruses all share some common properties. The structure of herpes viruses consists of a relatively large, double- ...