Thus, a person with myopia would have a negative refractive error, a person with emmetropia would have zero refractive error ... Individuals that have parents with certain refractive errors are more likely to have similar refractive errors. The Online ... which will improve vision only in the case of refractive error.[citation needed] The management of refractive error is done ... Refractive error may be quantified as the error of a wavefront arising from a person's far point, compared with a plane, or ...

... the refractive error in the weaker eye was corrected to balance the refractive error of the other eye. Strabismus surgery was ... "Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive errors". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 6 (6): CD012687. doi ... Changes to refractive error occurring during normal age development need to be accounted for, and children have a higher risk ... it is recommended that the refractive surgery be done first. Pediatric refractive surgery involves other risks than refractive ...

Schiefer U, Kraus C, Baumbach P, Ungewiß J, Michels R (October 2016). "Refractive errors". Deutsches Ärzteblatt International. ... Premature Birth Refractive error Congenital cataract Retinopathy of prematurity Infection Congenital toxoplasmosis Congenital ...

Refractive error less than or equal to +2.00 diopters (D). Moderate: Refractive error greater than +2.00 D up to +5.00 D. High ... It is a type of refractive error. Diagnosis is based on an eye exam. Management can occur with eyeglasses, contact lenses, or ... "Facts About Refractive Errors". National Eye Institute. October 2010. Archived from the original on 28 July 2016. Retrieved 30 ... Ramjit, Sihota; Radhika, Tandon (15 July 2015). "Refractive errors of the eye". Parsons' diseases of the eye (22nd ed.). ...

"Prevalence of Refractive Errors". Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-06-05. "Private Public Mix Working ... Prevalence of Refractive Errors in a public school children of Lahore 2. Private Public Mix Working Model of a Teaching ...

... s measure spherical refractive errors. Astigmatism can also be measured using a "clock target" with the device. A ... du Toit R, Soong K, Brian G, Ramke J (August 2006). "Quantification of refractive error: comparison of autorefractor and ... A focometer is an instrument that measures refractive errors and is intended to provide rural or economically disadvantaged ... inexpensive means for measuring refractive error in human vision. The portable, hand-held instrument is highly appropriate for ...

Weale RA (2003). "Epidemiology of refractive errors and presbyopia". Survey of Ophthalmology. 48 (5): 515-43. doi:10.1016/S0039 ... Factors causing errors or damage include internal and environmental events that induce cumulative deterioration in one or more ... Accumulation of errors: The idea that ageing results from chance events that escape proofreading mechanisms, which gradually ... The factors proposed to influence biological ageing fall into two main categories, programmed and error-related. Programmed ...

Honavar SG (2019). "The burden of uncorrected refractive error". Indian J Ophthalmol. 67 (5): 577-578. doi:10.4103/ijo.IJO_762_ ...

In the case of the eye, a large pupil emphasizes refractive error and a small pupil masks it. This phenomenon can cause a ... Because myopia is a refractive error, the physical cause of myopia is comparable to any optical system that is out of focus. ... August 2003). "Refractive error and ethnicity in children". Archives of Ophthalmology. 121 (8): 1141-7. doi:10.1001/archopht. ... Garcia CA, Oréfice F, Nobre GF, Souza D, Rocha ML, Vianna RN (June 2005). "[Prevalence of refractive errors in students in ...

Cakmak, Hasan Basri; Cagil, Nurullah; Simavlı, Hüseyin; Duzen, Betul; Simsek, Saban (February 2010). "Refractive Error May ...

"Myopia and Refractive errors in Dogs" (PDF). Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. Association for Research in Vision ... Familial Aggregation of Refractive Error in Labrador Retrievers". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 49 (11): 4784- ... In cases involving German Shepherds, Rottweilers and Miniature horses, the refraction errors were indicative of myopia. Nuclear ... laboratory investigations using retinoscopy of 240 dogs found myopic problems with varying degrees of refraction errors ...

These lenses may also correct refractive error. Although many brands of contact lenses are lightly tinted to make them easier ... most commonly by correcting refractive error. This is done by directly focusing light so it enters the eye with the proper ... Soft lenses are often used in the treatment and management of non-refractive disorders of the eye. A bandage contact lens ... He used wax to affix water-filled lenses to his eyes, neutralizing their refractive power, which he corrected with another pair ...

... is a type of refractive error due to rotational asymmetry in the eye's refractive power. This results in distorted ... 2003). "Refractive Error and Ethnicity in Children". Archives of Ophthalmology. 121 (8): 1141-7. doi:10.1001/archopht.121.8. ... An autorefractor or retinoscopy may provide an objective estimate of the eye's refractive error and the use of Jackson cross ... They also found that the TOX gene region previously identified for spherical equivalent refractive error was the second most ...

Refractive lens exchange is effectively the same procedure used to replace a lens with high refractive error when other methods ... unplanned high refractive error-either myopic or hypermetropic-due to errors in the ultrasonic biometry (measurement of the eye ... This may cause a myopic refractive error; Chronic anterior uveitis, which is a persistent inflammation of the anterior segment ... an early implant is likely to result in large refractive error later in childhood. Congenital cataracts may be caused by ...

The occluder is a simple way to focus light, as in a pinhole camera, temporarily removing the effects of refractive errors such ... This can be used to distinguish visual defects caused by refractive error, which improve when the occluder is used, from other ... Naidoo, Kovin (2002). "Case Finding in the Clinic: Refractive Errors". Comm Eye Health. 15 (43): 39-40. PMC 1705884. PMID ... Because light passes only through the center of the eye's lens, defects in the shape of the lens (errors of refraction) have no ...

Medical professionals characterize refractive errors as consequences of the eye's shape and other basic anatomy, for which no ... The book included accounts of 12 "real cases", but did not report any information about refractive error. Czech native John ... not only to refractive errors, but also to double vision, crossed-eye, lazy eye, and to more serious eye conditions such as ... Visual Training for Refractive Errors". American Academy of Ophthalmology. Archived from the original on 8 January 2016. ...

The inequality of red reflection in both the eyes indicates unequal refraction, indicating a refractive error. Pupil of a ... Congenital cataract, refractive error, ocular alignment, retinal abnormalities. Strabismus, amblyopia or amblyogenic disorder. ...

Causes include: Refractive errors Divergence insufficiency Convergence excess; this can be due to nerve, muscle, congenital or ...

It is often necessary in patients with severe refractive error who cannot undergo other refractive procedures such as LASIK or ... Clear lens extraction can be done in patients with severe refractive error and/or presbyopia who wish to avoid spectacles. ... CS1 errors: missing periodical, Eye surgery, Refractive surgeries). ... Clear lens extraction (CLE), also known as refractive lensectomy or refractive lens exchange (RLE) is a surgical procedure in ...

Does cryotherapy affect refractive error? Ophthalmology 108:343-347, 2001. Bleyl SB, Kivlin JD, et al. (2007). "Brachymesomelic ...

Additionally, ptosis can lead to eye strain and fatigue, potentially exacerbating existing refractive errors such as myopia or ... Ptosis can lead to various complications, including refractive errors. When ptosis obstructs the upper field of vision, ... which can result in astigmatism or other refractive errors due to the altered positioning of the eye. ... "Long-term outcome of refractive errors in patients with congenital blepharoptosis who have undergone ptosis surgery". Clinical ...

Refractive error can be corrected using a pinhole occluder. If the visual acuity improves with the use of pinholes, refractive ... Refractive error can be estimated via photography, a technique called photoscreening. Research has shown that optotype " ... Often, the use of such refractive lenses will correct visual acuity to normal. ...

Goyal, Ashish; Bopardikar, Ajit; Tiwari, Vijay Narayan (2018). "Estimation of Spherical Refractive Errors Using Virtual Reality ...

Refractive errors in patients with FXS are also common. Individuals with FXS are at a higher risk of developing seizures, with ...

A difference in refractive error between the eyes or the presence of astigmatism will not be accounted for. People with little ... These lenses are used when one or both eyes do not require correction of a refractive error. Some people with good natural ... The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. Glasses or "spectacles" ... Astigmatism of the corrective lens: This phenomenon is called lens-induced oblique astigmatism error (OAE) or power error and ...

"Global cost of correcting vision impairment from uncorrected refractive error". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 90 ( ... "The global cost of correcting vision impairment from uncorrected refractive error", with findings published in the Bulletin of ...

This can lead to under/overcorrection of the refractive error. In the case of the overcorrection, premature consequences of ... "LASIK Alternatives , UCLA Laser Refractive Center". UCLA Laser Refractive Center. Retrieved 2018-01-29. Zhao, LQ; Zhu, H; Li, ... those receiving PRK were less likely to achieve a refractive error, and were less likely to have an over-correction than ... Uncomplicated, successful corneal refractive surgery does not require a waiver and is noted as information only. The Navy and ...

"Wavefront excimer laser refractive surgery for adults with refractive errors". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 6 (6): CD012687. doi ... outcomes between conventional excimer laser refractive surgery and wavefront-guided or wavefront-optimized refractive surgery, ...

He has also discovered a new refractive error called Aberropia. He has also been the first to do a combined surgery of ... Agarwal, Amar (1999). Refractive Surgery- First edition. Chennai: Jaypee, Distributed internationally by Slack and Highlights ... He is also the past President of the International Society of Refractive Surgery (ISRS) and Secretary General of the ... "Aberropia: the discovery of a new refractive entity". ophthalmologytimes.modernmedicine.com. 1 July 2007. Archived from the ...

Rubin, M.L., Surgical procedures available for influencing refractive error., in Refractive Anomalies of the Eye. 1966, US ... and high refractive errors of at least -5 to -7.5 diopters with an increase per year. There may also be changes in the fundus, ... Bores, L.D., Scleral Reinforcement, in Refractive Eye Surgery. 2001, Blackwell Science, Inc.: USA. p. 466-491. Curtin, B.J., ...