King JE, Eugenin EA, Buckner CM, Berman JW (2006). "HIV tat and neurotoxicity". Microbes Infect. 8 (5): 1347-57. doi:10.1016/j. ... The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the ... The glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1, also known as GRM1, is a human gene which encodes the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 ... "Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors: mGlu1". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and ...
During this period, the Parmentier lab characterized the CCR5 GPCR and discovered its role as a co-receptor in HIV infection. ... He worked on understanding the function of the receptor and how the HIV interacts with it. The young researcher showed that ... Blanpain, C (2002). "CCR5 and HIV infection". Receptors and Channels. 8 (1): 19-31. doi:10.1080/10606820212135. PMID 12402506. ... endocytosis of the HIV is essential to the cell's infection. He was able to find the first chemokine antagonist to the receptor ...
"HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Curr. HIV Res. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID 15053339. ... Chemokines and their receptors are important for the migration of various cell types into the inflammatory sites. This receptor ... "Chemokine Receptors: CCR8". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical ... This gene is located at the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. CC chemokine receptors GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...
Ho WZ, Douglas SD (December 2004). "Substance P and neurokinin-1 receptor modulation of HIV". Journal of Neuroimmunology. 157 ( ... The tachykinin receptor 1 (TACR1) also known as neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R) or substance P receptor (SPR) is a G protein ... SP binds to all three of the tachykinin receptors, but it binds most strongly to the NK1 receptor. Tachykinin NK1 receptor ... The NK-1 receptor is found on human chromosome 2 and is located on the cell's surface as a cytoplasmic receptor. The NK1 ...
November 2013). "The HIV antiretroviral drug efavirenz has LSD-like properties". Neuropsychopharmacology. 38 (12): 2373-2384. ... The 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and is a G protein-coupled ... derivatives with the 5-HT2A receptor: a ligand structure-affinity relationship, receptor mutagenesis and receptor modeling ... The 5-HT2A receptor is known primarily to couple to the Gαq signal transduction pathway. Upon receptor stimulation with agonist ...
D'Souza, M. Patricia; Harden, Victoria (December 1996). "Chemokines and HIV-1 second receptors". Nature Medicine. 2 (12): 1293- ... and HIV-1 entry into T cells. At the core of chemotaxis are specialized sensory cells called chemoreceptors. These cells allow ...
ISBN 978-1-58603-471-9. D'Souza, M. Patricia; Harden, Victoria (December 1996). "Chemokines and HIV-1 Second Receptors". Nature ... Most known for organizing conferences and publishing works on the history of HIV/AIDS, Harden also authored books on the ... History of HIV/AIDS, University of Florida alumni, Living people). ...
Chirmule N, Kalyanaraman VS, Lederman S, Oyaizu N, Yagura H, Yellin MJ, Chess L, Pahwa S (1993). "HIV-gp 160-induced T cell- ... The interleukin-6 receptor can serve as an alpha-receptor for CTNF". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (11): 9528-35. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... The IL6 receptor is a protein complex consisting of an IL-6 receptor subunit (IL6R) and interleukin 6 signal transducer ... Interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) also known as CD126 (Cluster of Differentiation 126) is a type I cytokine receptor. Interleukin 6 ...
Rautonen N, Rautonen J, Martin NL, Wara DW (1995). "HIV-1 Tat induces cytokine synthesis by uninfected mononuclear cells". AIDS ... interleukin 1 receptor-like 2 (IL1RL2), and interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1) form a cytokine receptor gene cluster in a ... Interleukin 1 receptor, type I (IL1R1) also known as CD121a (Cluster of Differentiation 121a), is an interleukin receptor. ... The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor that belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family. This protein is a ...
HIV-1 entry is mediated by the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41. The gp120 will bind CD4 and the CCR5co receptor ... an approach that has also been employed for other HIV targets. HIV/AIDS research Cenicriviroc CD4 CCL5 CCR5 Subtypes of HIV HIV ... They play an important role as co-receptors that HIV type 1 (HIV-1) uses to attach to cells before viral fusion and entry into ... CCR5 and CXCR4 are the main receptors involved in the HIV entry process. These receptors belong to the seven transmembrane G- ...
... is one of several chemokine co-receptors that HIV can use to infect CD4+ T cells. HIV isolates that use CXCR4 are ... CXCR4 antagonist HIV tropism Entry inhibitor Discovery and development of CCR5 receptor antagonists GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... Freedman BD, Liu QH, Del Corno M, Collman RG (2003). "HIV-1 gp120 chemokine receptor-mediated signaling in human macrophages". ... Broder CC, Dimitrov DS (1996). "HIV and the 7-transmembrane domain receptors". Pathobiology. 64 (4): 171-9. doi:10.1159/ ...
... and HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein GP120 intrathecal injection-induced tactile allodynia. Furthermore, a selective EP3 agonist, ... Eicosanoid receptor Prostaglandin E2 receptor 1 (EP1) Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2) Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) ... EP3 receptor-deficient mice and/or wild type mice treated with an EP3 receptor agonist are similarly protected from allergic ... Prostaglandin EP3 receptor (53kDa), also known as EP3, is a prostaglandin receptor for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) encoded by the ...
"Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of ... The protein encoded by this gene is a critical subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, members of the glutamate receptor ... July 1993). "Mapping of the human NMDA receptor subunit (NMDAR1) and the proposed NMDA receptor glutamate-binding subunit ( ... "Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein ...
TLR8 recognizes single-stranded RNA of viruses such as HIV and HCV. TLR8 is also involved in the activation of dendritic cells ... "Entrez Gene: TLR8 toll-like receptor 8". Seizer L, Rahimi S, Santos-Sierra S, Drexel M (2022) Expression of toll like receptor ... Kaisho T, Akira S (February 2002). "Toll-like receptors as adjuvant receptors". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular ... Toll-like receptor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR8 gene. TLR8 has also been designated as CD288 (cluster ...
TLR7 recognizes single-stranded RNA of viruses such as HIV and HCV. TLR7 can recognize GU-rich single-stranded RNA. However, ... Kaisho T, Akira S (February 2002). "Toll-like receptors as adjuvant receptors". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular ... Toll-like receptor 7, also known as TLR7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR7 gene. Orthologs are found in ... Toll-Like+Receptor+7 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (Articles with short description ...
Vené R, Benelli R, Noonan DM, Albini A (2001). "HIV-Tat dependent chemotaxis and invasion, key aspects of tat mediated ... a type IV receptor tyrosine kinase) also known as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is a VEGF receptor. ... Tyrosine kinase receptors, All stub articles, Transmembrane receptor stubs). ... Sato Y, Kanno S, Oda N, Abe M, Ito M, Shitara K, Shibuya M (May 2000). "Properties of two VEGF receptors, Flt-1 and KDR, in ...
"The role of dendritic cell C-type lectin receptors in HIV pathogenesis". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 74 (5): 710-8. doi: ... whereas HIV-1 binding to langerin leads to the elimination of the virus, HIV-1 binding to DC-SIGN leads to infection of the ... "Diversity of receptors binding HIV on dendritic cell subsets". Nature Immunology. 3 (10): 975-83. doi:10.1038/ni841. PMID ... If langerin is defect or titres of the virus are too high, the HIV-1 infection may happen. Langerin also binds mannose, which ...
... the receptor of HIV-1. This gene and seven other chemokine receptor genes form a chemokine receptor gene cluster on the ... "HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Curr. HIV Res. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID 15053339. ... It is also known to be an entry co-receptor for HIV-1, enabling viral infection in cells that also express CD4, ... Alkhatib G, Berger EA, Murphy PM, Pease JE (1997). "Determinants of HIV-1 coreceptor function on CC chemokine receptor 3. ...
2013-11-01). "The Neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) enhances human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcytosis across ... The neonatal Fc receptor (also FcRn, IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51, or Brambell receptor) is a protein that in humans is ... Neonatal Fc receptor expression is up-regulated by the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF, and down-regulated by IFN-γ. In addition ... Ober RJ, Martinez C, Lai X, Zhou J, Ward ES (July 2004). "Exocytosis of IgG as mediated by the receptor, FcRn: an analysis at ...
Laplana M, Sánchez-de-la-Torre M, Puig T, Caruz A, Fibla J (July 2014). "Vitamin-D pathway genes and HIV-1 disease progression ... pregnene X receptor, farnesoid X receptor alpha, farnesoid X receptor beta, liver X receptor alpha, liver X receptor beta, and ... The vitamin D receptor (VDR also known as the calcitriol receptor) is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription ... Calcitriol+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Nuclear Receptor Resource Vitamin ...
von Recum HA, Pokorski JK (May 2013). "Peptide and protein-based inhibitors of HIV-1 co-receptors". Experimental Biology and ... Chemokine receptors are G protein-coupled receptors containing 7 transmembrane domains that are found on the surface of ... G proteins are coupled to the C-terminal end of the chemokine receptor to allow intracellular signaling after receptor ... associated with binding receptor and inflammatory chemokines. This often complicates research on receptor-specific therapeutics ...
Ibalizumab binds to the CD4 receptor to prevent the post-attachment conformational changes in CD4-HIV envelope GP120 complex ... The entry of HIV into human immune cells requires the binding of the GP120 (an envelope glycoprotein on the surface of HIV) to ... Iacob, Simona A.; Iacob, Diana G. (27 November 2017). "Ibalizumab Targeting CD4 Receptors, An Emerging Molecule in HIV Therapy ... is a new antiviral drug specifically for adults with HIV who have tried but developed resistant against other HIV therapies. ...
"HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Current HIV Research. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID ... "Chemokine Receptors: CCR2". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical ... CCR2 is a CC chemokine receptor. This CCR2 gene is located in the chemokine receptor gene cluster region. Two alternatively ... "Characterization of the CCR2 chemokine receptor: functional CCR2 receptor expression in B cells". Journal of Immunology. 159 ( ...
"HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Current HIV Research. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID ... "Chemokine Receptors: CXCR6". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical ... a putative chemokine receptor selectively expressed in activated T cells, exhibits HIV-1 coreceptor function". Current Biology ... Chemokine receptors, All stub articles, Transmembrane receptor stubs). ...
... the X4 co-receptor, or both (dual/mixed). Patients with strains of HIV that prefer the R5 receptor tend to remain healthy ... HIV tropism refers to the cell type in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and replicates. HIV tropism of a ... Macrophage (M-tropic) strains of HIV-1, or non-syncitia-inducing strains (NSI) use the beta-chemokine receptor CCR5 for entry ... The normal ligands for this receptor-RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β and MIP-1α-are able to suppress HIV-1 ...
"HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Current HIV Research. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID ... Shaw KT, Greig NH (January 1999). "Chemokine receptor mRNA expression at the in vitro blood-brain barrier during HIV infection ... "Chemokine Receptors: CCR1". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical ... C-C CKR1, a receptor for macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha/Rantes, is also a functional receptor for MCP3". The Journal ...
Chemokine receptors, two of which acting as binding proteins for HIV (CXCR4 and CCR5). They are G protein coupled receptors. ... TGF-beta receptor family, which are Serine/threonine kinase receptors. Includes the TGF beta receptors Cytokine receptors may ... Cytokine receptors are receptors that bind to cytokines. In recent years, the cytokine receptors have come to demand the ... Soluble cytokine receptors typically consist of the extracellular portions of membrane-bound receptors. . STAT protein Brooks, ...
... uPA receptor in HIV-1 infection". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 74 (5): 750-6. doi:10.1189/jlb.0403176. PMID 12960238. S2CID ... The Urokinase receptor, also known as urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor (uPAR) or CD87 (Cluster of ... Urokinase receptors have been found to be highly expressed on senescent cells, leading researchers to use chimeric antigen ... When urokinase is bound to the receptor, there is cleavage between the GPI-anchor and the uPAR, releasing a soluble form of the ...
December 2003). "The N-terminal domain of APJ, a CNS-based coreceptor for HIV-1, is essential for its receptor function and ... The Apelin Receptor (APLNR, also known as APJ) is a G protein-coupled receptor. APLNR possesses two endogenous ligands which ... "Apelin Receptor: APJ". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. ... June 2004). "Regulatory roles for APJ, a seven-transmembrane receptor related to angiotensin-type 1 receptor in blood pressure ...
Chemokine receptors are vital for the entry of HIV into cells. The expression of these receptors is inducible by immune ... HIV enters cells through an interaction with both CD4 and a chemokine receptor of the 7 transmembrane family. They first ... 1995). "HIV-specific cytotoxic T-cells in HIV-exposed but uninfected Gambian women". Nature Medicine. 1 (1): 59-64. doi:10.1038 ... When these individuals' PBMCs are stimulated with HIV-1 peptides, they have lymphoproliferative activity and have HIV-1 ...
Haughey NJ, Nath A, Mattson MP, Slevin JT, Geiger JD (2001). "HIV-1 Tat through phosphorylation of NMDA receptors potentiates ... "HIV-1 Tat induces neuronal death via tumor necrosis factor-alpha and activation of non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by a ... "Death of cultured human neuroblastoma cells induced by HIV-1 gp120 is prevented by NMDA receptor antagonists and inhibitors of ... "Prevention of HIV-1 gp120-induced neuronal damage in the central nervous system of transgenic mice by the NMDA receptor ...
Reviriego, C (July 2011). "Chemokine CCR2/CCR5 Receptor Antagonist Anti-HIV Agent". Drugs of the Future. 36 (7): 511-7. doi: ... HIV-infected patients taking cenicriviroc had significant reductions in viral load, with the effect persisting up to two weeks ... cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) CROI 2013: CCR5/CCR2 Inhibitor Cenicriviroc Has Both Anti-HIV and Anti- ... Discovery and development of CCR5-receptor antagonists Maraviroc Vicriviroc "International Nonproprietary Names for ...
CD4 is the primary receptor for HIV-1. CD4 has four immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular region that share the same ... Ig-like domains are involved in a variety of functions, including cell-cell recognition, cell-surface receptors, muscle ...
Conceptually, targeting and editing could focus on host cellular co-receptors for HIV or on proviral HIV DNA. It has also been ... Individuals who are homozygous for this mutation are immune to HIV strains that use the CCR5 receptor to access the cell, while ... Coakley, E.; Petropoulos, C.J.; Whitcomb, J.M. (2005). "Assessing ch vbgemokine co-receptor usage in HIV". Curr. Opin. Infect. ... Because latent proviral HIV DNA resident in resting memory CD4 cells forms the major barrier to the eradication of HIV by ...