However, the unique function of okadaic acid upon cells maintained biological interest in the molecule. Okadaic acid has been ... okadaic acid has shown promise in the world of medicine for numerous potential uses. During its initial discovery, okadaic acid ... was compared to and shown to be very chemically similar to okadaic acid several years later, and okadaic acid itself was ... several studies have been performed toward the synthesis of okadaic acid and its derivatives. 3 total syntheses of okadaic acid ...

The main chemical toxins were identified in 2006 as okadaic acid and pectenotoxins. They can produce non-fatal or fatal amounts ... In 2004, the presence of okadaic acid esters was reported. Further identification and the importance of these compounds as ... Suzuki, T.; Beuzenberg, V.; Mackenzie, L.; Quilliam, M. A. (2004). "Discovery of okadaic acid esters in the toxic ... "Isolation and identification of a cis-C8-diol-ester of okadaic acid from Dinophysis acuta in New Zealand". Toxicon. 48 (2): 195 ...

Tansey, M.G.; Hori, M.; Karaki, H.; Kamm, K.E.; Stull, J.T. (17 September 1990). "Okadaic acid uncouples myosin light chain ...

Brevetoxin Domoic acid Okadaic acid Saxitoxin Tetrodotoxin Swift AE, Swift TR (2008). "Ciguatera". Journal of Toxicology. ...

"EP 2770058 A1 20140827 - Ligand and method for detection of okadaic acid". data.epo.org. Retrieved 2020-07-16. Fleming, ... "A novel approach for measuring sphingosine-1-phosphate and lysophosphatidic acid binding to carrier proteins using monoclonal ...

The causative poison is okadaic acid, which inhibits intestinal cellular de-phosphorylation. This causes the cells to become ...

Chin LS, Singh SK, Wang Q, Murray SF (2000). "Identification of okadaic-acid-induced genes by mRNA differential display in ... Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (17): 5874-85. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm505. PMC 2034479. PMID 17726058. v t e (Articles with short description ...

2004). "Irod/Ian5: an inhibitor of gamma-radiation- and okadaic acid-induced apoptosis". Mol. Biol. Cell. 14 (8): 3292-304. doi ... Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (6): 1308-16. doi:10.1093/nar/29.6.1308. PMC 29751. PMID 11238997. Stamm O, Krücken J, Schmitt-Wrede HP, ...

Chin LS, Singh SK, Wang Q, Murray SF (2000). "Identification of okadaic-acid-induced genes by mRNA differential display in ...

Chin LS, Singh SK, Wang Q, Murray SF (2000). "Identification of okadaic-acid-induced genes by mRNA differential display in ...

In support of this conjecture, the known dinoflagellate toxin okadaic acid was isolated from the same species of sponge. Hirata ... "Okadaic acid, a cytotoxic polyether from two marine sponges of the genus Halichondria". Journal of the American Chemical ...

A protein phosphatase-2A inhibitor (PP2A inhibitor) - okadaic acid (OA) - is known to increase tau phosphorylation, Aβ ... "Activation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2 α-kinases in okadaic acid-treated neurons". Neuroscience. 169 (4): 1831-1839. doi: ... Nucleic Acid Sensing and Immunity - Part B. Academic Press. 345: 35-136. doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2018.08.002. ISBN 9780128159811. ... Matz KM, Guzman RM, Goodman AG (2019-01-01). Vanpouille-Box C, Galluzzi L (eds.). "The Role of Nucleic Acid Sensing in ...

Møller MT, Samari HR, Fengsrud M, Strømhaug PE, øStvold AC, Seglen PO (July 2003). "Okadaic acid-induced, naringin-sensitive ... at the amino acid level. All GNMTs are 130 kDa tetramers consisting of four identical subunits, each having a Mr of 32 kDa. The ...

Biotoxins accumulated in fish/shellfish include brevetoxins, okadaic acid, saxitoxins, ciguatoxin and domoic acid. Except for ... Both domoic acid and ciguatoxine can be deadly to humans; the others will only cause diarrhea, dizziness and a (temporary) ... Increasing intake of omega-3 fatty acids may slightly reduce the risk of a fatal heart attack, but likely has little effect on ... Eating about 140 grams (4.9 oz) of oily fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids once per week is a recommended consumption amount. ...

FEMS Microbiology Ecology 85, 465 (2013). H. C. Schröder et al., Okadaic Acid, an Apoptogenic Toxin for Symbiotic/Parasitic ... Symbiotic bacteria produce toxins, such as okadaic acid, which defend them from colonization by parasitic annelids. Expression ...

Okadaic acid is a complex fatty acid polyether and a potent CAPP inhibitor (Hannun, 1996). Okadaic acid is mainly used as a ... Okadaic acid is commonly used for producing cellular models without CAPP activity (Hannun, 1996). I2PP2A does not inhibit CAPP ... CAPP was first linked to carcinogenesis when it was noticed that okadaic acid acted as a tumor promoter and it was postulated ... Treatment of neuronal cells with okadaic acid has been shown to cause tau neurofibrillary tangles, indicating that disruptions ...

Toxic Dinophysis produce okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins, and pectenotoxins, which inhibit protein phosphatase and cause ... Toxic Dinophysis produce okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins, and pectenotoxins, which inhibit protein phosphatase and produce ... "Does the marine biotoxin okadaic acid cause DNA fragmentation in the blue mussel and the pacific oyster?". Marine Environmental ...

Okadaic acid produced by the dinoflagellate assists the sponge to survive when Lake Baikal is iced over in winter, and the ... Role of okadaic acid produced by symbiotic dinoflagellates". FEBS J. 274 (1): 23-36. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05559.x. PMID ...

System of okadaic acid. Epoxidation of alkenes is a common reaction because epoxides can be derivatized in a number of useful ... System of Okadaic Acid". Org. Lett. 1 (3): 451-3. doi:10.1021/ol9906615. PMID 10822585. Malgesini, Beatrice; Forte, Barbara; ... Oxaziridines have been found to be useful for the formation of highly acid sensitive epoxides. (−)-Chaetominine was synthesized ... A general approach to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure .alpha.-hydroxy carboxylic acid synthons". Journal of the American ...

"Detection of the marine toxins okadaic acid and domoic acid in shellfish and phytoplankton in the Gulf of Mexico". Toxicon. 30 ... She has also worked on diatoms that produce domoic acid. The standard author abbreviation G.A.Fryxell is used to indicate this ... Villac, M.C.; Roelke, D.L.; Villareal, T.A.; Fryxell, G.A. (1993). "Comparison of two domoic acid-producing diatoms: a review ... a domoic acid producer, from Monterey Bay, California" (PDF). Marine Ecology Progress Series. 84: 293-302. Bibcode:1992MEPS... ...

Algal bloom Red tide Ciguatoxin Domoic acid Okadaic acid Saxitoxin Tetrodotoxin Watkins SM, Reich A, Fleming LE, Hammond R ( ... Attention was turned to the citric acid cycle to solve the problem. Acetate can be used in the polyketide synthetic pathway or ... Previous studies of the citric acid pathway revealed three and four carbon units that can potentially explain the atypical ... modified by the citric acid cycle. Intermediate products of this cycle can then be reintroduced to the polyketide synthetic ...

Potential inhibitors include a variety of naturally occurring toxins including okadaic acid, a diarrhetic shellfish poison, ... Cantharidic acid is also an inhibitor of PP1. PP1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of blood-glucose levels in the liver ... "Cantharidic Acid , CAS 28874-45-5". Berg JM, Stryer L, Tymoczko JL (2010-12-24). Biochemistry (7th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman ... These metal ions have been identified as Mn and Fe and their coordination is provided by three histidines, two aspartic acids, ...

is the official reference method used to analyse for YTX and lipophilic toxins including okadaic acid, dinophysistoxins (DSPs ... toxins along the lines of okadaic acid and azaspiracids. These type of toxins can cause extreme gastrointestinal upset and ... The original Yasumoto MBA is subject to interferences from paralytic shellfish toxins and free fatty acids in solution, which ...

Canadian Reference Materials Pseudo-nitzschia Quisqualic acid Brevetoxin Ciguatoxin Okadaic acid Saxitoxin Maitotoxin Clayden J ... Domoic acid (DA) is a kainic acid-type neurotoxin that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). It is produced by algae and ... In addition domoic acid was used to poison a witness in the Elementary Season 1 Episode 13: "The Red Team". Domoic acid ... Domoic acid is an excitatory amino acid analogue of glutamate; a neurotransmitter in the brain that activates glutamate ...

"Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated phosphorylation of JunD and FosB is required for okadaic acid-induced ... Lee SK, Kim JH, Lee YC, Cheong J, Lee JW (April 2000). "Silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptors, as a ... c-Fos is a 380 amino acid protein with a basic leucine zipper region for dimerisation and DNA-binding and a transactivation ... Nichols CD, Sanders-Bush E (May 2002). "A single dose of lysergic acid diethylamide influences gene expression patterns within ...

First, the toxic compound lyngbyatoxin from the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscule, and second the toxin okadaic acid - a ...

... as they produce okadaic acid which can cause diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP). Okadiac acid is taken up by shellfish and ...

Mouratidou T, Kaniou-Grigoriadou I, Samara C, Kouimtzis T (August 2006). "Detection of the marine toxin okadaic acid in mussels ...

PCP-2 mRNA is regulated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or calcium ionophore, okadaic acid, the Ras inhibitor manumycin, and ...

... okadaic acid]. PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 have a similar domain structure, which includes a putative Ras association domain, a ...