melting The denaturation of a double-stranded nucleic acid into two single strands, especially in the context of the polymerase ... nucleic acid sequence The precise order of consecutively linked nucleotides in a nucleic acid molecule such as DNA or RNA. Long ... which in turn are the primary monomers that make up nucleic acids. non-canonical amino acid (ncAA) Any amino acid, natural or ... ribonucleic acid (RNA) A polymeric nucleic acid molecule composed of a series of ribonucleotides which incorporate a set of ...
... strands of the DNA double helix are physically separated at a high temperature in a process called nucleic acid denaturation. ... Sarkar G, Kapelner S, Sommer SS (December 1990). "Formamide can dramatically improve the specificity of PCR". Nucleic Acids ... The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)". Nucleic Acids Research. 17 (7): 2503-16. doi:10.1093/nar/17.7.2503. PMC ... Nucleic Acids Research. 20 (7): 1717-23. doi:10.1093/nar/20.7.1717. PMC 312262. PMID 1579465. Kellogg DE, Rybalkin I, Chen S, ...
... nucleic acid denaturation and chemical reactions that destroy the viral capsid are increased at higher temperatures, thus ...
disclosed the use of a helicase as a means for denaturation of double stranded DNA thereby including isothermal nucleic acid ... The advantages of HDA is that it provides a rapid method of nucleic acid amplification of a specific target at an isothermic ... easy to adapt nucleic acid test for the detection of Clostridium difficile". Other applications include the rapid detection of ... This process involves the separation of the double-stranded DNA in high heat into single strands (the denaturation step, ...
Most commonly, the pairs of nucleic bases A=T and G≡C are formed, of which the latter is more stable. DNA denaturation, also ... Nucleic acid thermodynamics is the study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). ... occurs when half of the double-stranded nucleic acid has dissociated. If no additional nucleic acids are present, then [A], [B ... elegantly describe the thermodynamic parameters for forming double-stranded nucleic acid AB from single-stranded nucleic acids ...
Acetic acid HCl Nitric acid Basic nucleic acid denaturants include: NaOH Other nucleic acid denaturants include: DMSO Formamide ... which promotes denaturation of nucleic acids in order to eliminate the influence of nucleic acid shape on their electrophoretic ... Acetic acid Trichloroacetic acid 12% in water Sulfosalicylic acid Bases work similarly to acids in denaturation. They include: ... Other than denaturation by heat, nucleic acids can undergo the denaturation process through various chemical agents such as ...
denaturation A process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose the quaternary, tertiary, and secondary structure which is ... including amino acids and nucleic acids. nucleic acid The biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of ... ribonucleic acid (RNA) A nucleic acid polymer composed of a series of ribonucleotides which incorporate a set of four ... deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) A nucleic acid polymer that serves as the fundamental hereditary material in all living organisms. ...
denaturation The process by which nucleic acids or proteins lose their quaternary, tertiary, and/or secondary structures, ... information transfer between the nucleic acids and from nucleic acid to protein is possible, but transfer from protein to ... deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) A polymeric nucleic acid molecule composed of a series of deoxyribonucleotides, each of which ... homeodomain A type of nucleic acid-binding domain, typically 60 amino acids in length, found in certain eukaryotic proteins, ...
... and interference with biomolecules such as amino acids, nucleic acids, and lipids. Another type of stressor could be the ... These chemicals inflict extensive cellular damage to different systems such as the bacterial membrane, denaturation of proteins ... A cell can also shift from production of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids to decrease the fluidity of the ... including chaperones and proteases are rapidly induced to protect against the denaturation of proteins within the bacteria. ...
... may refer to; Protein denaturation, the process of disrupting the structure of proteins or nucleic acids Drug ...
For nucleic acids, urea is the most commonly used denaturant. For proteins, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is an anionic ... This denaturation, which is referred to as reconstructive denaturation, is not accomplished by the total linearization of the ... Ethidium bromide binds nucleic acid chains through the process of Intercalation. While Ethidium bromide is a popular stain it ... Ethidium bromide (EtBr) is a popular nucleic acid stain. EtBr allows one to easily visualize DNA or RNA on a gel as EtBr ...
However, extraction and analysis of nucleic acids and proteins from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues is possible using ... Formalin fixation leads to degradation of mRNA, miRNA, and DNA as well as denaturation and modification of proteins in tissues ... or sites to which radiolabeled nucleic acid probes bind in in situ hybridization. For autoradiography on a microscopic level, ... During the 19th century many fixation techniques were developed by Adolph Hannover (solutions of chromates and chromic acid), ...
... also sometimes called renaturization The conversion of denatured protein or nucleic acid to its native configuration is called ... Renaturation can mean: the inverse process of denaturation ecological restoration, ...
He was also a pioneer of ideas in the area of nucleic acid compaction. In 1961, he showed that ribonuclease could be refolded ... after denaturation while preserving enzyme activity, thereby suggesting that all the information required by protein to adopt ... especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation (see Anfinsen's ... its final conformation is encoded in its amino-acid sequence. He belonged to the National Academy of Sciences (USA), the Royal ...
At ULB, Thomas attended lectures by Jean Brachet, who pioneered the field of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and their role in ... Under Brachet's supervision, Thomas prepared and defended a PhD thesis on the denaturation of DNA in 1952. After two years of ... Melting this secondary structure was coined DNA denaturation, by analogy with the similar process long known for proteins. Once ... DNA denaturation could be understood as the unwinding of the double helix. It became fundamental in all processes that use DNA ...
... basic and dimeric nucleic acid-binding proteins. Furthermore, it is conserved in most sequenced archeal genomes. The ... The stabilisation of the double helix against denaturation, in the Archaea, is due to the presence of a particular specific ... They stabilize the double helix, preventing denaturation at high temperature thus promoting annealing above the melting point. ... amino acids and aromatic compounds like phenol. It uses a modified Entner-Doudroff pathway for glucose oxidation and the ...
He also had a strong interest in the NMR and ESR of nucleic acids and other biological macromolecules. To further his ... Origins of contact-shifted resonances and denaturation by dimethyl sulfoxide. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (1973 ... Nucleic acids; a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study. Science (Washington, DC, United States) (1964), 144(3623), 1234-7. ... Nuclear magnetic resonance determination of thymine nearest neighbor base frequency ratios in deoxyribonucleic acid. Journal of ...
Sprinzl M, Cramer F (1979). "The -C-C-A end of tRNA and its role in protein biosynthesis". Progress in Nucleic Acid Research ... Felsenfeld G, Cantoni GL (May 1964). "Use of thermal denaturation studies to investigate the base sequence of yeast serine sRNA ... Kumar P, Mudunuri SB, Anaya J, Dutta A (January 2015). "tRFdb: a database for transfer RNA fragments". Nucleic Acids Research. ... Itoh Y, Sekine S, Suetsugu S, Yokoyama S (July 2013). "Tertiary structure of bacterial serenocysteine tRNA". Nucleic Acids ...
Nucleic Acids Research, 39 (8): e52-e52, doi:10.1093/nar/gkr035, PMC 3082908, PMID 21297115. Ririe, KM; Rasmussen, RP; Wittwer ... "High-resolution thermal denaturation of DNA. I. Theoretical and practical considerations for the resolution of thermal ... the conformation and the modifications of DNA and RNA Nucleic acid thermodynamics Ansevin, A.T.; Vizard, D.L.; Brown, B.W.; ...
Infectious particles possessing nucleic acid are dependent upon it to direct their continued replication. Prions, however, are ... Sterilizing prions, therefore, requires the denaturation of the protein to a state in which the molecule is no longer able to ... Alper T, Cramp WA, Haig DA, Clarke MC (May 1967). "Does the agent of scrapie replicate without nucleic acid?". Nature. 214 ( ... all of which contain nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, or both). Prion isoforms of the major prion protein (PrP), whose specific ...
Frontiers in Nucleic Acids. ACS Symposium Series. Vol. 1082. p. 111. doi:10.1021/bk-2011-1082.ch007. ISBN 978-0-8412-2623-4. ... Wartell, R. M.; Benight, A. S. (1985). "Thermal denaturation of DNA molecules: A comparison of theory with experiment". Physics ... Nucleic Acids Research. 30 (17): 3662-3671. doi:10.1093/nar/gkf508. PMC 137430. PMID 12202750. "Roger Wartell". Archived from ...
Nucleic acid molecules are separated by applying an electric field to move the negatively charged molecules through a matrix of ... For full denaturation of proteins, it is also necessary to reduce the covalent disulfide bonds that stabilize their tertiary ... When separating larger nucleic acids (greater than a few hundred bases), the preferred matrix is purified agarose. In both ... Nucleic acids are often denatured by including urea in the buffer, while proteins are denatured using sodium dodecyl sulfate, ...
... and intermolecular interactions of nucleic acids, specifically the bases. Interactions between nucleic acids and DNA-binding ... Protein folding and denaturation have been examined using deep-UV resonance Raman spectroscopy of the polypeptide backbone, ... Thomas, George J. (1999). "Raman spectroscopy of protein and nucleic acid assemblies". Annual Review of Biophysics and ... nucleic acids, pigments, and in archaeology and art history. In Raman scattering, photons collide with a sample and are ...
2004). "Thermoadaptation trait revealed by the genome sequence of thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus". Nucleic Acids ... In the procedure of heat denaturation, one can subject a mixture of proteins to high temperatures, which will result in the ... proteins and nucleic acids) which form the three-dimensional structures essential to their enzymatic activity. Above the native ... Perl D, Mueller U, Heinemann U, Schmid FX (May 2000). "Two exposed amino acid residues confer thermostability on a cold shock ...
"Reversible chemical modification of nucleic acids and improved method for nucleic acid hybridization", published 2003-08-28, ... Once the temperature rises over 70 °C, during the denaturation step in the first cycle, the wax bead melts, allowing the Taq ... Another chemical modification of nucleic acid is through the heat-reversible covalent modification which acts to impede the ... Highly specific oligonucleotides: Oligonucleotides are short polymers of nucleic acid which easily bind. Highly specific ...
... nucleic acids) by weakening the hydrophobic effect. For example, a chaotropic agent reduces the amount of order in the ... and may cause its denaturation. Conversely, an antichaotropic agent (kosmotropic) is a molecule in an aqueous solution that ... macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids (e.g. DNA and RNA). Chaotropic solutes increase the entropy of the system by ... Tertiary protein folding is dependent on hydrophobic forces from amino acids throughout the sequence of the protein. Chaotropic ...
... ethanol and acetone are rarely used alone for fixing blocks unless studying nucleic acids. Acetic acid is a denaturant that is ... However they cause extensive denaturation despite preserving fine cell structure and are used mainly as secondary fixatives. ... as proteins and nucleic acids. In performing their protective role, fixatives denature proteins by coagulation, by forming ... Hepes-glutamic acid buffer-mediated organic solvent protection effect (HOPE) gives formalin-like morphology, excellent ...
Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (7): e50. doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1406. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 3985630. PMID 24452797. Dimalanta, E.T. et al ... "Single-molecule denaturation mapping of DNA in nanofluidic channels". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 107 (30 ... Nucleic Acids Research. 42 (15): e118. doi:10.1093/nar/gku556. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 4150756. PMID 25013180. Grunwald, Assaf; ... Nucleic Acids Research. 43 (18): e117. doi:10.1093/nar/gkv563. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 4605287. PMID 26019180. Vranken, Charlotte; ...
... the nucleic acids necessary for purification. The Chelex process is safe and is "not open to automation". This method connects ... This method includes three steps; denaturation, annealing, extension. DNA markers are used to identify specific DNA ...
This effect of cyclobuxine on nucleic acids is however reversible and was found to have no effect on strand separation or re- ... as denaturation progresses and the structure become more and more disordered. This means that the conformational stability of a ... It was found that cyclobuxine has a biphasic effect on the stability of nucleic acids. This means that at low concentrations, ... Mahler, H.R. and G. Dutton, Nucleic Acid Interactions. V. Effects of Cyclobuxine. Journal of Molecular Biology, 1964. 10: p. ...