Neural pathway
These are archetypal examples of neural pathways.[citation needed] Neural pathways in the basal ganglia in the cortico-basal ... Therefore, most neural pathways are made up of axons.[citation needed] If the axons have myelin sheaths, then the pathway ... It has been proposed that the dopamine system of pathways is the overall organiser of the neural pathways that are seen to be ... In the hippocampus there are neural pathways involved in its circuitry including the perforant pathway, that provides a ...
Mammalian kidney
Neural Pathways. Kopp 2018, p. 1, Introduction. Kopp 2011, 8.1. Activation of Afferent Renal Sensory Nerves by Physiological ... Ulla C. Kopp (20 August 2011), Neural Control of Renal Function, Unknown, San Rafael: Morgan & Claypool Life Sciences, PMID ... Knepper MA; Roch-Ramel F (1 February 1987). "Pathways of urea transport in the mammalian kidney". Kidney International. 31 (2 ... Sanjeev Kumar (1 January 2018). "Cellular and molecular pathways of renal repair after acute kidney injury". Kidney ...
Lip reading
Bernstein, LE; Liebenthal, E (2014). "Neural pathways for visual speech perception". Front Neurosci. 8: 386. doi:10.3389/fnins. ... Machine-based speechreading is now making successful use of neural-net based algorithms which use large databases of speakers ... Van Wassenhove, V; Grant, KW; Poeppel, D (Jan 2005). "Visual speech speeds up the neural processing of auditory speech". ... Following the discovery that auditory brain regions, including Heschl's gyrus, were activated by seen speech, the neural ...
Channelosome
An example is neural KCNQ/M (Kv7) potassium channelosome (see Delmas & Brown, 2005). Delmas, P.; Brown, D. A. (2005). "Pathways ... modulating neural KCNQ/M (Kv7) potassium channels". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 6 (11): 850-62. doi:10.1038/nrn1785. PMID ...
Somatic experiencing
"The Amygdala and the Neural Pathways of Fear". Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. pp. 23-38. doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-329-9_2. ISBN ...
Vocal learning
Wild JM (1997). "Neural pathways for the control of birdsong production". Journal of Neurobiology. 33 (5): 653-670. doi:10.1002 ... Humans also have a vocal pathway that is analogous to the avian anterior pathway. This pathway is a cortico-basal ganglia- ... Parallel to the avian posterior vocal pathway mentioned above is the motor cortico-brainstem pathway. Within this pathway, the ... the posterior pathway communicates with the anterior pathway via projections from the HVC to Area X; the anterior pathway sends ...
Air sac
The portion of the neural pathways which control respiration during vocalization changes air sac pressure to control vocal ... Wild, J. M. (1998). "Neural pathways for the control of birdsong production". Journal of Neurobiology. 33 (5): 653-670. doi: ...
Robert A. Hamblin
It's painful, because you're redirecting your neural pathways. It's all about working towards kindness." After his work at ...
Estrogen
Kow LM, Pfaff DW (May 1998). "Mapping of neural and signal transduction pathways for lordosis in the search for estrogen ... October 2009). "Estrogen masculinizes neural pathways and sex-specific behaviors". Cell. 139 (1): 61-72. doi:10.1016/j.cell. ... This pathway stimulates the ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, which are known to increase cellular proliferation and affect chromatin ... The pathway of estrogen biosynthesis in extragonadal tissues is different. These tissues are not able to synthesize C19 ...
Theanne Griffith
"Merkel Cells Activate Sensory Neural Pathways through Adrenergic Synapses". Neuron. 100 (6): 1401-1413.e6. doi:10.1016/j.neuron ...
Interoception
Multiple neural pathways relay information integral to interoceptive processing from the body to the brain. these include the ... lamina I spinothalamic pathway, the visceroceptive pathway, and the somatosensory pathway. The lamina I spinothalamic pathway ... Interoceptive signals are projected to the brain via a diversity of neural pathways, in particular from the lamina I of the ... Davenport, Paul W.; Vovk, Andrea (2009). "Cortical and subcortical central neural pathways in respiratory sensations". ...
Psychonauts 2
Earlier, Raz had tampered with the character's neural pathways. The level requires Raz to correct his mistakes. Collectibles ...
Cough reflex
The efferent neural pathway then follows, with relevant signals transmitted back from the cerebral cortex and medulla via the ... This is the afferent neural pathway. Unlike other areas responsible for involuntary actions like swallowing, there is no ...
Efference copy
Poulet, JFA; Hedwig B (2006). "New insights into corollary discharges mediated by identified neural pathways". Trends in ... The inhibitory commands originate at the same time as the motor command and target the sensory pathway that would report any ... This is unique from the efference copy, since the corollary discharge is actually fed into the sensory pathway to cancel out ... However, these fish display corollary discharges that inhibit the ascending sensory pathway at the first CNS relay point. These ...
Endogenous regeneration
Androutsellis-Theotokis A, Rueger MA, Mkhikian H, Korb E, McKay RD (2008). "Signaling pathways controlling neural stem cells ... recent work suggests that pharmacological activation of endogenous neural stem cells or neural precursor cells results in ... Neural stem cells (NSC) reside in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the adult human brain and the dentate gyrus of the adult ... August 2009). "Targeting neural precursors in the adult brain rescues injured dopamine neurons". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ...
Coincidence detection in neurobiology
The neural pathways to these neurons are called delay lines. Jeffress claimed that the neurons that the delay lines link act as ... 1), in a basic neural circuit with two input neurons-A and B-that have excitatory synaptic terminals converging on a single ... From this information, a neural map of auditory space was formed. The function of the nucleus laminaris parallels that of the ... The Ca2+, IP3, and DAG work together in a signal transduction pathway to internalize AMPA receptors and decrease the ...
Social support
Eisenberger, N.I.; Taylor, S.E.; Gable, S.L.; Hilmert, C.J.; Lieberman, M.D. (2007). "Neural pathways link social support to ... Many studies have tried to identify biopsychosocial pathways for the link between social support and health. Social support has ... "Neural correlates of giving support to a loved one". Psychosomatic Medicine. 74 (1): 3-7. doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3182359335. ...
Shelley E. Taylor
"Neural pathways link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses". NeuroImage. 35 (4): 1601-1612. doi:10.1016/ ... Taylor, S. E.; Eisenberger, N. I.; Saxbe, D.; Lehman, B. J.; Lieberman, M. D. (2006). "Neural responses to emotional stimuli ... "Neural bases of moderation of cortisol stress responses by psychosocial resources". Journal of Personality and Social ... and environments have deficits in emotion regulation in response to stressful circumstance that can be seen at the neural level ...
Interpersonal emotion regulation
"Neural pathways link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses". NeuroImage. 35 (4): 1601-1612. doi:10.1016/ ... and neural responses to threat, as well as longevity and physical health. The presence of others is theorized to help ...
Stem-cell therapy
Androutsellis-Theotokis A, Rueger MA, Mkhikian H, Korb E, McKay RD (2008). "Signaling pathways controlling neural stem cells ... August 2009). "Targeting neural precursors in the adult brain rescues injured dopamine neurons". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ... Mesenchymal stem cells that are induced to a neural cell fate are loaded onto a porous scaffold and are then implanted at the ... Ryu HH, Lim JH, Byeon YE, Park JR, Seo MS, Lee YW, Kim WH, Kang KS, Kweon OK (2009). "Functional recovery and neural ...
Mental distress
"Social Anxiety, Chemical Imbalances, and Neural Pathways in the Brain". Social Anxiety Institute. Shim RS, Compton MT, Rust G, ... in the brain is one of the causes that happen when there is a disequilibrium of chemicals inside the brain's neural pathways, ...
Ronald DePinho
November 2009). "FoxOs Cooperatively Regulate Diverse Pathways Governing Neural Stem Cell Homeostasis". Cell Stem Cell. 5 (5): ... His laboratory established the concept of tumor maintenance, discovered a core pathway of aging and demonstrated that aging is ... October 2008). "p53 and Pten control neural and glioma stem/progenitor cell renewal and differentiation". Nature. 455 (7216): ... "Glutamine supports pancreatic cancer growth through a KRAS-regulated metabolic pathway". Nature. 496 (7443): 101-105. Bibcode: ...
Social connection
"Neural pathways link social support to attenuated neuroendocrine stress responses". NeuroImage. 35 (4): 1601-1612. doi:10.1016/ ... Another pathway by which social connection positively affects health is through the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), the " ... While it appears that social isolation triggers a "neural alarm system" of threat-related regions of the brain (including the ... One way social connection reduces our stress response is by inhibiting activity in our pain and alarm neural systems. Brain ...
Neural stem cell
... "β1 integrins activate a MAPK signalling pathway in neural stem cells that contributes to their maintenance". Development. 131 ( ... Human midbrain-derived neural progenitor cells (hmNPCs) have the ability to differentiate down multiple neural cell lineages ... Because FOX proteins regulate neural stem cell homeostasis, FOX proteins have been used to protect neural stem cells by ... "FoxOs cooperatively regulate diverse pathways governing neural stem cell homeostasis". Cell Stem Cell. 5 (5): 540-553. doi: ...
Hypokinesia
Two possible neural pathways enable the basal ganglia to produce movement. When activated, the direct pathway sends sensory and ... including in the motor pathways that involve hypokinesia. In one pathway, glutamate in the substantia nigra excites the release ... In the indirect pathway, the basal ganglia send GABA to the globus pallidus which then sends it to the subthalamic nucleus, ... The dopamine pathway in the substantia nigra is essential to motor function, and commonly a lesion in this area correlates with ...
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
SCN has neural multiple pathways to control and modulate endocrine activity. VIP and vasopressin are both important for neurons ... Pathway at biocarta.com Nosek, Thomas M. "Section 6/6ch2/s6ch2_34". Essentials of Human Physiology. Archived from the original ... Then it will activate gene expression pathways such as Per1 and Per2 in circadian rhythm. In addition, GABA levels are ... Application of VIP also phase shifts the circadian rhythm of vasopressin release and neural activity. The ability of the ...
Memory and retention in learning
Neural pathways and memory codes may still have been formed, however subsequent forgetting of learned information implies that ... When we repeatedly think about knowledge we have learned, our brain strengthens the existing neural pathways which embeds this ... When we learn something new, our brain creates new neural pathways. Therefore, repetition when engaging in learning is ... During this process, the brain relays a specific pattern of neural activity that echoes the original perception of that event. ...
Pioneer axon
The growth cone is necessary for the construction of neural pathways. Although pioneer axons and follower axons both possess ... An investigation was conducted looking into the role of pioneer axons in the formation of both CNS and PNS axon pathways in a ... have shown that certain cells that interact with pioneer axons are also crucial in the eventual development of neural pathways ... Ultimately, like in the PNS, the longitudinal pathways formed in about 80% of observed segments. Thus, it was shown that the ...
Notch signaling pathway
The Notch signaling pathway was found to be critical mainly for neural progenitor cell (NPC) maintenance and self-renewal. In ... Aguirre A, Rubio ME, Gallo V (Sep 2010). "Notch and EGFR pathway interaction regulates neural stem cell number and self-renewal ... The Notch pathway is essential for maintaining NPCs in the developing brain. Activation of the pathway is sufficient to ... Notably, this system allows multiple synthetic pathways to be engineered into a cell in parallel. The Notch signaling pathway ...
Dead Man Walking (Torchwood)
Owen suggests that his neural pathways should be closed by being embalmed. During the process, the glove attacks Martha, ageing ...