"Reduction in the E2k subunit of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex has effects independent of complex activity". The ... Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase also known as 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase E1 component, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in ... This gene encodes one subunit of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This complex catalyzes the overall conversion of 2- ... Evidence for direct association of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase components". The ...
The critical role of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex" (PDF). Journal of Neuroscience Research. 91 (8): 1030-43. doi: ... inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and also citrate synthase. Acetyl-coA ... It activates pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase which in turn activates the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Calcium also ... When tested in vitro with TCA enzymes, ATP inhibits citrate synthase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase; however, ATP levels do ...
1998). "Subunit interactions in the mammalian alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Evidence for direct association of the ... of human alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex". Somat Cell Mol Genet. 20 (2): 99-105. doi:10.1007/BF02290679. PMID 8009371 ... 1990). "Inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity by a distinct population of autoantibodies recognizing ... Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial is an enzyme ...
The oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) or α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex is an enzyme complex, most commonly ... Gibson GE, Blass JP, Beal MF, Bunik V (2005). "The alpha-ketoglutarate-dehydrogenase complex: a mediator between mitochondria ... Much like pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), this enzyme forms a complex composed of three components: Three classes of ... May 2011). "Inactivation and reactivation of the mitochondrial α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex". The Journal of ...
Without thiamine the Krebs cycle enzymes pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH ... α-ketoglutarate and branched chain amino acids. Thus, anything that encourages glucose metabolism will exacerbate an existing ...
... components of the succinate dehydrogenase complex, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and a component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase ... isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase), isoleucine, (short/branched-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase), valine (isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase ... FAD is the more complex and abundant form of flavin and is reported to bind to 75% of the total flavoproteome and 84% of human ... One well-known reaction is part of the citric acid cycle (also known as the TCA or Krebs cycle); succinate dehydrogenase ( ...
... which encodes the E1 subunit of the oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex). Danhauser K ...
Lipoamide is subsequently used as a cofactor for α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and ... branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Dihydrolipoic acid Lipoic acid Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC ... Dihydrolipoamide is a molecule oxidized by dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase in order to produce lipoamide. ...
It can also not be converted to pyruvate as the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction is irreversible. Instead the acetyl-CoA ... the cycle as CO2 in the decarboxylation reactions catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase. ... The activated complex can work only at a water-fat interface. Therefore, it is essential that fats are first emulsified by bile ... Briefly, the steps in beta oxidation are as follows: Dehydrogenation by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, yielding 1 FADH2 Hydration by ...
... mitochondrial α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex family comprising pyruvate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, ... The branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC or BCKDH complex) is a multi-subunit complex of enzymes that is ... This enzyme complex is composed of three catalytic components: alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase (also referred to as the E1 ... 1991). "Domains, motifs, and linkers in 2-oxo acid dehydrogenase multienzyme complexes: a paradigm in the design of a ...
Formation of this ternary complex enables low levels of the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, in the presence of the ... alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and that mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase can associate with this binary complex to ... ability of the aminotransferase to transfer directly alpha-ketoglutarate to the alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex in ... The conversion of glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate could also be facilitated because in the trienzyme complex, oxaloacetate ...
in the matrix activates pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase which increases the ... These complexes are complex I (NADH:coenzyme Q oxidoreductase), complex II (succinate:coenzyme Q oxidoreductase), complex III ( ... α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase) except for succinate dehydrogenase which is on the inner ... isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. The urea ...
... dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein binds dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ... resulting in an atypical form of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase deficiency". Human Mutation. 25 (3): 323-4. doi:10.1002/humu ... dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein binds dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ... "Cloning and cDNA sequence of the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase component human alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes". ...
Kinetically, the binding of malate dehydrogenase to the binary complex of alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and ... which can then bind to malate dehydrogenase, forming a ternary complex that reverses inhibitory action on malate dehydrogenase ... The malate dehydrogenase family contains L-lactate dehydrogenase and L-2-hydroxyisocaproate dehydrogenases. L-lactate ... The active site of malate dehydrogenase is a hydrophobic cavity within the protein complex that has specific binding sites for ...
... including complex I, complex III, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase), the dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, glutamatergic ... For people ages 18 and older the PRI calculations are complex, as the EFSA has set higher and higher values as the phytate ... "Molecular dynamics study of zinc binding to cysteines in a peptide mimic of the alcohol dehydrogenase structural zinc site". ...
... α-ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoASH → succinyl-CoA + NADH+H+ + CO2 catalyzing enzyme: α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex succinyl ... H+ produced within the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase reaction, the malate dehydrogenase reaction and the malate decarboxylase ... The conversion of the amino acid glutamine to α-ketoglutarate takes place in two reaction steps: 1. Hydrolysis of the amino ... Catalyzing enzyme: glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2) 2. Glutamate can be excreted or can be further metabolized to α-ketoglutarate. For ...
... such as pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (α-KGDHC), among others. This ... The consequences of this are diminished oxidative phosphorylation and major alterations in complex lipids, such as increased ... which has a competitive inhibitory effect on complex II, and also leads to a deficiency of malonyl-CoA. These deficiencies can ... since lipoic acid acts as an essential cofactor for several mitochondrial multienzyme complexes, ...
... α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC), branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDC), and in the glycine ... Since lipoic acid is the cofactor of important mitochondrial enzyme complexes, such as the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC ... NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), cytochrome c reductase, and cytochrome c oxidase). At complex IV, O2 reacts with the reduced ... The free energy put in to remove an electron from Fe2+ is released at complex III when Fe3+ of cytochrome c reacts to oxidize ...
... which are pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) and branched chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCDH ... which held the call sign KADH in 2017 α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes (KADH), ...
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex Pyruvate decarboxylase in ethanol fermentation Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ... including that of pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase, TPP catalyses the reversible ... Branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase complex 2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase Transketolase Chemically, TPP consists of a ... and branched chain keto acid dehydrogenases. To date, the yeast ThPP carrier (Tpc1p) the human Tpc and the Drosophila ...
L-glutamate Cells can further degrade BCKAs by the branched-chain keto acid dehydrogenase complex from which the carbon ... The respective cosubstrates are alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate. The respective reactions are: L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4 ...
... including complex I, complex III, and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase), the dysregulation of calcium homeostasis, glutamatergic ... Complexes of zinc are mostly 4- or 6- coordinate, although 5-coordinate complexes are known. Zinc(I) compounds are very rare. ... For people ages 18 and older the PRI calculations are complex, as the EFSA has set higher and higher values as the phytate ... Zinc tends to form bonds with a greater degree of covalency and much more stable complexes with N- and S- donors. ...
... glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) MeSH D05.500.562.468 - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex MeSH D05.500.562.468.500 - ... proteasome endopeptidase complex MeSH D05.500.562.625 - pyruvate dehydrogenase complex MeSH D05.500.562.625.500 - ... electron transport complex ii MeSH D05.500.562.750.249.500 - succinate dehydrogenase MeSH D05.500.562.750.500 - electron ... dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase MeSH D05.500.562.452.175 - glycine decarboxylase complex h-protein MeSH D05.500.562.452.200 - ...
... glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) MeSH D08.811.600.465 - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex MeSH D08.811.600.465.500 - ... ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex MeSH D08.811.682.657.350.750.500 - dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.657. ... proteasome endopeptidase complex MeSH D08.811.600.741 - pyruvate dehydrogenase complex MeSH D08.811.600.741.525 - ... malate dehydrogenase MeSH D08.811.682.047.748 - malate dehydrogenase (nadp+) MeSH D08.811.682.047.892 - xanthine dehydrogenase ...
... series of reactions is carried out as part of the citric acid cycle by the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex, ... is carried out by a complex and fascinating multienzyme complex known as the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (also sometimes ... this reaction is catalyzed by a very large assembly of enzyme subunits called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH complex, ... The pyruvate dehydrogenase, or PDH complex carries out the oxidative decarboxylation process that generates acetyl CoA from ...
The isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme as stated above produces alpha-ketoglutarate, carbon dioxide, and NADH + H+/NADPH + H+. ... "Crystal structure of porcine mitochondrial NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase complexed with Mn2+ and isocitrate. ... producing alpha-ketoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) and CO2. This is a two-step process, which involves oxidation of isocitrate (a ... Isocitrate/isopropylmalate dehydrogenase family The isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 isozyme is a heterotetramer that is composed of ...
In more complex mammals, there are seven known enzymes that act in cellular regulation, as sir2 does in yeast. These genes are ... Since glutamine is a source of a-ketoglutarate used to replenish the TCA cycle, SIRT4 is involved in glutamine metabolism. ... plays a role in the regulation of multiple metabolic proteins like isocitrate dehydrogenase of the TCA cycle. It also plays a ...
... the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase or 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex the branched-chain ... complex the acetoin dehydrogenase complex. The most-studied of these is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. These complexes ... Lipoic acid is a cofactor for five enzymes or classes of enzymes: pyruvate dehydrogenase, a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, the ... and methylamine group in the glycine cleavage complex or glycine dehydrogenase. 2-Oxoacid dehydrogenase transfer reactions ...
This protein may tightly associate or interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Somatic mosaic mutations of this gene ... Its main function is to catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate into alpha-ketoglutarate. Human isocitrate ... Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the ... Isocitrate dehydrogenase is composed of 3 subunits, allosterically regulated, and requires an integrated Mg2+ or Mn2+ ion. The ...
Some evidence suggests that the 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex (OADHc), which is structurally homologous to the E1 subunit ... "Lysine-alpha-ketoglutarate reductase and saccharopine dehydrogenase are located only in the mitochondrial matrix in rat liver ... "Production of superoxide/hydrogen peroxide by the mitochondrial 2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex". Free Radical Biology & ... "The activity of the Arabidopsis bifunctional lysine-ketoglutarate reductase/saccharopine dehydrogenase enzyme of lysine ...