Well-studied reverse transcriptases include: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (PDB: 1HMV​) ... M-MLV reverse transcriptase from the Moloney murine leukemia virus is a single 75 kDa monomer. AMV reverse transcriptase from ... Reverse transcriptase is used also to create cDNA libraries from mRNA. The commercial availability of reverse transcriptase ... a process termed reverse transcription. Reverse transcriptases are used by viruses such as HIV and hepatitis B to replicate ...

... of HIV drugs called nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). NRTIs block an HIV enzyme called reverse transcriptase ... By blocking reverse transcriptase, NRTIs prevent HIV from multiplying and can reduce the amount of HIV in the body. ... Elvucitabine is an experimental nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), developed by Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Inc ... reveals that it acts by inhibiting reverse transcriptase which interferes with generation of DNA copies of viral RNA. Currently ...

... target reverse transcriptase; however, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase is highly error prone and thus mutations conferring ... Das K, Arnold E (April 2013). "HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and antiviral drug resistance. Part 1". Current Opinion in Virology ... Resistance to HIV antivirals is problematic, and even multi-drug resistant strains have evolved. One source of resistance is ... Resistant strains of the HIV virus emerge rapidly if only one antiviral drug is used. Using three or more drugs together, ...

Rai MA, Pannek S, Fichtenbaum CJ (June 2018). "Emerging reverse transcriptase inhibitors for HIV-1 infection". Expert Opinion ... "Current and emerging non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) for HIV-1 treatment". Expert Opinion on Drug ... "Current and emerging non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) for HIV-1 treatment". Expert Opinion on Drug ... Elsulfavirine (trade name Elpida; also known as VM 1500) is drug used to treat HIV infection. It is a non-nucleoside reverse ...

Li G, Wang Y, De Clercq E (April 2022). "Approved HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past decade". Acta Pharmaceutica ... Antiviral drugs include protease inhibitors used to treat HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C, reverse-transcriptase inhibitors targeting ... As this drug resembles the peptide that is the substrate of the HIV protease, it competes with the substrate in the enzyme's ... For example, the structure of another HIV protease inhibitor tipranavir is not based on a peptide and has no obvious structural ...

Li, Guangdi; Wang, Yali; De Clercq, Erik (April 2022). "Approved HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past decade". Acta ... which claims to be a dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and HIV-1 Vif inhibitor. Vif has been found in other ... In 2021, it was found that Vif2 inhibits A3B (which HIV-1 does not) and that A3B is able to inhibit a Vif-less HIV-2 (but not a ... For example, the HIV-1 Vif ("Vif1" hereafter) and HIV-2 Vif ("Vif2") attach to APOBEC from different ends of themselves and ...

Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor, Treatment of HIV-1 infection". Drugs of the Future. 45 (7): 459. doi:10.1358/DOF. ... associated with resistance to the nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors which are commonly used to treat HIV/AIDS ... Rovafovir etalafenamide is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor and prodrug of GS-9148. Rovafovir etalafenamide itself ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Experimental drugs, Purines, Dihydrofurans, Ethyl esters, Phosphonate esters, All stub ...

"Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs or 'nukes') - HIV/AIDS". www.hiv.va.gov. Archived from the original on 9 ... Abacavir is in the NRTI class of medications, which work by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme needed for HIV virus ... Once CBV-TP is integrated into the viral DNA, transcription and HIV reverse transcriptase is inhibited. Abacavir is given ... Similar to other nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), abacavir is used together with other HIV ...

Li, Guangdi; Wang, Yali; De Clercq, Erik (April 2022). "Approved HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the past decade". Acta ... in combination with a nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor and a non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor". The ... two viruses with a reverse transcriptase. It was first proposed as an HIV treatment in 2011, when in vitro tests by the Chang ... Azvudine is an antiviral drug which acts as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It was discovered for the treatment of Hepatitis ...

"Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse transcriptase". Nature. 453 (7192): 184-189. Bibcode:2008Natur.453 ...

"Rationally Designed Dual Inhibitors of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 50 (15): 3416- ... v t e (Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Antiretroviral drugs, Integrase inhibitors, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent ... was coined in 2007 by University of Minnesota researchers who designed and synthesized a combination HIV reverse transcriptase ... "U of M researchers announce advance in treatment of HIV". 25 July 2007. Retrieved 25 July 2007. "Researchers Discover New ...

... a reverse-transcriptase inhibitor used for HIV; cepharanthine, an alkaloid from stephania cepharantha hayata; and phosphonated ... "Susceptibility of Primary HTLV-1 Isolates from Patients with HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy to Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors ... The use of "HTLV-3" can cause some confusion, because the name HTLV-III was one of the names for HIV in early AIDS literature, ... 1993). "HIV-1 and HTLV-I in sexually transmitted disease clinics in the Dominican Republic". Journal of Acquired Immune ...

... s (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection or AIDS, and in some ... When HIV infects a cell, reverse transcriptase copies the viral single stranded RNA genome into a double-stranded viral DNA. ... Nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NtARTIs or NtRTIs) Non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs ... De Clercq, E (1998). "The role of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) in the therapy of HIV-1 infection". ...

... (MKC-442) is a failed experimental agent for the treatment of HIV. It is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase ... Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Pyrimidinediones, Isopropyl compounds, Benzyl compounds, All stub articles, ...

For example, HIV reverse transcriptase is an enzyme for AIDS virus replication. Telomerase is an unusual polymerase because it ... Tarrago-Litvak L, Andréola ML, Nevinsky GA, Sarih-Cottin L, Litvak S (May 1994). "The reverse transcriptase of HIV-1: from ... They include reverse transcriptase, which is a viral enzyme involved in the infection of cells by retroviruses, and telomerase ... Nugent CI, Lundblad V (April 1998). "The telomerase reverse transcriptase: components and regulation". Genes & Development. 12 ...

It is a cytidine nucleoside analog and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. that inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro. ... Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Organofluorides, Pyrimidones, Hydroxymethyl compounds, All stub articles, ... Topics in HIV Medicine. 13 (1): 24-44. ISSN 2161-5845. PMID 15849370. Ryder, Neil S (2007-12-01). "Discontinued drugs in 2006: ...

1990). "Anti-AIDS agents, 2: Inhibitory effects of tannins on HIV reverse transcriptase and HIV replication in H9 lymphocyte ... Two compounds, punicalin and punicacortein C, inhibited purified HIV reverse transcriptase. Hydrolysable tannins have shown ... HPLC determination Tannins, including gallo and ellagic acid (epigallitannins), are inhibitors of HIV replication. 1,3,4-Tri-O- ... galloylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-galloyl-shikimic acid, 3,4,5-tri-O-galloylshikimic acid, punicalin, punicalagin inhibited HIV ...

Menéndez-Arias L (June 2008). "Mechanisms of resistance to nucleoside analogue inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase". ... For example, azidothymidine (AZT) is a nucleoside analogue used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS. The term nucleoside refers to a ... For example, azidothymidine is used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Some less selective nucleoside analogues can be used as ... This is common in nucleoside analogues used to treat HIV/AIDS. Biology Chromosome Gene Genetics Nucleic acid sequence ...

An example of a retrovirus is HIV. Reverse transcriptase is commonly employed in amplification of RNA for research purposes. ... The reverse transcriptase family contain both DNA polymerase functionality and RNase H functionality, which degrades RNA base- ... The TERT subunit, an example of a reverse transcriptase, uses the RNA subunit to form the primer-template junction that allows ... Using an RNA template, PCR can utilize reverse transcriptase, creating a DNA template. This new DNA template can then be used ...

They show great potency in inhibiting the activity of HIV reverse transcriptase. Several compounds in this class are non- ... nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used clinically in the treatment of HIV/AIDS, notably etravirine and rilpivirine. ... dimensional infrared spectra reveal relaxation of the nonnucleoside inhibitor TMC278 complexed with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase ... non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that are highly potent and effective against wild-type and drug-resistant HIV-1 ...

"Murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase: structural comparison with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase". Virus Research. 134 (1-2 ... March 2001). "Crystal structure of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in complex with a polypurine tract RNA:DNA". The EMBO Journal. ... "Crystal structure of the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase". Science. 252 (5002): 88-95. Bibcode:1991Sci... ... Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors that specifically inhibit the polymerase function of RT are in widespread clinical use, but ...

... is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that has been studied for the treatment of HIV. Preparation of ... 1. A Novel Class of Non-Nucleoside HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 37 (7): 999-1014. ... Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Piperazines, Aminopyridines, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... the resulting amine with the imidazolide derivative of 5-methoxy-3-indoleacetic acid produces the amide reverse transcriptase ...

... is a pharmaceutical drug that has undergone research for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It acts as a nucleoside reverse ... Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Purines, Dioxolanes, Experimental drugs, Hydroxymethyl compounds, All stub ... Clinical trial number NCT01737359 for "A Safety and Efficacy Study of Amdoxovir in HIV-1 Treatment-experienced Subjects" at ... "Antiviral activity and tolerability of amdoxovir with zidovudine in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study in HIV-1 ...

It belongs to the class of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.[citation needed] KP-1461 is a prodrug of the active ... KP-161 is an experimental antiviral drug being studied for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. ... Reverse transcriptase inhibitors, Experimental drugs, Prodrugs, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ...

This enzyme integrates the DNA produced by reverse transcriptase into the host's genome. A protease is any enzyme that cuts ... HIV's gag and pol genes do not produce their proteins in their final form, but as larger combination proteins; the specific ... protease used by HIV cleaves these into separate functional units. Protease inhibitor drugs block this step. Gag/pol ...

HIV uses reverse transcriptase to create a DNA copy of its RNA genome. HIV latency allows the virus to largely avoid the immune ... HIV in proviral latency is nearly impossible to target with antiretroviral drugs. Several classes of latency reversing agents ( ... This latent reservoir of HIV may explain the inability of antiretroviral treatment to cure HIV infection. Viruses portal Slow ... "The Current Status of Latency Reversing Agents for HIV-1 Remission". Annual Review of Virology. 8 (1): 491-514. doi:10.1146/ ...

All viruses that encode a reverse transcriptase (also known as RT or RNA-dependent DNA polymerase) are members of the class ... The retroviruses are included in this group, of which HIV is a member. Group VII: viruses possess double-stranded DNA genomes ... and replicate using reverse transcriptase. The hepatitis B virus can be found in this group. Holmes (1948) used a Linnaean ... The class Blubervirales contains the single family Hepadnaviridae of DNA RT (reverse transcribing) viruses; all other RT ...

... non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistant HIV-1 isolates, clinical non-B subtype HIV-1 isolates ( ... Stampidine is an experimental nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with anti-HIV activity. It is a derivative of ... Uckun FM (February 2006). "Stampidine as a novel nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibit with potent anti-HIV activity". ... Notably, stampidine reversed the effects of HIV exposure on the host transcriptome regardless of NRTI-sensitivity or RT ...

... s are typically used to combat HIV. HIV treatments usually rely on targeting reverse transcriptases and ... able to inhibit HIV-1 infection by inhibiting reverse transcription without an apparent impairment of reverse transcriptase. ... Zinc ejectors were patented in 2008 and some have entered Phase I/II trials as a HIV drug. The HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein 7 ( ... Azodicarbonamide (ADA) was the first zinc ejector to go into clinical trial for treatment of HIV. ADA inhibits HIV by ...

Wang (2007). "Apeptide with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity from the medicinal mushroom Russula paludosa". ... reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity), neuroprotection, cardioprotection, anti-inflammation, hyperlipidemia, anti-diabetic ...