"Bolster legal boundaries to stay within planetary boundaries". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 1 (3): 0086. doi:10.1038/s41559-017- ... "planetary boundaries": "Planetary boundaries are still an evolving concept that should be used with caution [...] The planetary ... The concept of planetary integrity is interlinked within the concept of planetary boundaries.: 141 An expert Panel on ... Planetary boundaries demarcate, as it were, the "planetary playing field" for humanity if major human-induced environmental ...

... e are understood as a final stage of stellar evolution. Spectroscopic observations show that all planetary ... ending the planetary nebula phase of evolution. For a typical planetary nebula, about 10,000 years passes between its formation ... Planetary nebulae probably play a crucial role in the chemical evolution of the Milky Way by expelling elements into the ... Planetary nebulae may play a very important role in galactic evolution. Newly born stars consist almost entirely of hydrogen ...

Jacob, R.; Schönberner, D.; Steffen, M. (2013). "The evolution of planetary nebulae". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 558: A78. arXiv ... suffix), as true distances are difficult to infer for planetary nebulae. Please see main article, Planetary nebulae, for more ... The following is an incomplete list of known planetary nebulae. Table entries are sourced from the individual articles, where ... Lists of astronomical objects Lists of planets Lists of exoplanets Kohoutek, L. (1971). "New planetary nebula". Astronomy and ...

Castillo-Rogez, J. C.; McCord, T. B.; Davis, A. G. (2007). "Ceres: evolution and present state" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary ... Unlike other planetary sciences like astrobiology, astrochemistry and planetary geology, it only began after the discovery of ... Planetary oceanography also called astro-oceanography or exo-oceanography is the study of oceans on planets and moons other ... Elkins-Tanton, Linda T. (2012). "Magma Oceans in the Inner Solar System". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 40 (1 ...

"Growth and evolution of small porous icy bodies with an adaptive-grid thermal evolution code: I. Application to Kuiper belt ... In planetary science, planetary differentiation is the process by which the chemical elements of a planetary body accumulate in ... Ahrens, T J (1993). "Impact Erosion of Terrestrial Planetary Atmospheres". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 21 (1 ... The process of planetary differentiation is mediated by partial melting with heat from radioactive isotope decay and planetary ...

Habitability is also influenced by the architecture of the planetary system around a star. The evolution and stability of these ... In 2020, a computer simulation of the evolution of planetary climates over 3 billion years suggested that feedbacks are a ... "Ultraviolet radiation from F and K stars and implications for planetary habitability". Origins of Life and Evolution of ... Hypothetical planetary engineering process This article is an analysis of planetary habitability from the perspective of ...

Armitage, Phillip J. (2007). "Lecture notes on the formation and early evolution of planetary systems". arXiv:astro-ph/0701485 ... "Planet-Disk Interactions and Early Evolution of Planetary Systems". Protostars and Planets VI. University of Arizona Press. pp ... A planetary orbit that is inclined relative to the plane of a binary star can shrink due to a combination of Kozai cycles and ... Tidal evolution of close-in planets produces semi-major axes typically half as large as they were at the time that the gas ...

ISBN 1-55963-694-7. Smil, Vaclav (2003). The Earth's Biosphere: Evolution, Dynamics, and Change. MIT Press. p. 25. ISBN 0-262- ... Planetary management also includes managing humanity's influence on planetary-scale processes. Effective planetary management ... In 2009, the planetary boundaries concept was published in the science journal Nature. The paper identifies nine boundaries in ... Planetary management is intentional global-scale management of Earth's biological, chemical and physical processes and cycles ( ...

Ehrenfreund, P.; Spaans, M.; Holm, N. G. (2011). "The evolution of organic matter in space". Philosophical Transactions of the ... Planetary surfaces are found on solid objects of planetary mass, including terrestrial planets (including Earth), dwarf planets ... Cambridge Planetary Science. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-521-51418-7. "Venera 9's landing site". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 16 ... Extraterrestrial atmosphere Hydrosphere Subsurface ocean Ocean world Planetary radius Planetary geoid Meyer, Charles; Treiman, ...

"Evolution of porosity in small icy bodies". Planetary and Space Science. 48 (7-8): 727-745. doi:10.1016/S0032-0633(00)00038-6. ... A planetary-mass moon is a planetary-mass object that is also a natural satellite. They are large and ellipsoidal (sometimes ... The concept of satellite planets - the idea that planetary-mass objects, including planetary-mass moons, are planets - is used ... who are more concerned with whether a celestial body has planetary geology (that is, whether it is a planetary body) than its ...

Catling, David C. (2017). Atmospheric Evolution on Inhabited and Lifeless Worlds. Kasting, James F. Cambridge: Cambridge ... Alternatively, the planetary equilibrium may be written in terms of the temperature and radius of the star: T e q = T s t a r R ... The planetary equilibrium temperature is a theoretical temperature that a planet would be if it was in radiative equilibrium, ... Planetary equilibrium temperature differs from the global mean temperature and surface air temperature, which are measured ...

We are on the threshold of a new stage of social, spiritual, and cultural evolution, a stage that is as different from the ... Planetary consciousness is the idea that human beings are members of a planetary society of Earth as much as they are members ... Key planetary consciousness events of the 20th century include the creation of the League of Nations, the signing of Kellogg- ... Bummel describes planetary consciousness as integral, insofar as it does not conflict with other levels of social identity, but ...

"The evolution of planetary nebulae IV. On the physics of the luminosity function", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 473 (2): 467-484, ... Planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) is a secondary distance indicator used in astronomy. It makes use of the [O III] ... This beneficial negation is in agreement with more precise models of PNe evolution. Only in extremely metal-poor PNe does the ... 2007 Ciardullo 2004 Ciardullo, Robin (January 2003), Distances from Planetary Nebulae, arXiv:astro-ph/0301279, Bibcode: ...

Also the formation and evolution of these planets and systems are of interest. History of planetary and space research is also ... Planet formation and planet evolution is of interest when gathering and interpreting data for planetary atmospheres. ... Planetary and Space Science (P&SS), published 15 times per year, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1959. It ... Research that involves planetary and space sciences involves many disciplines, which is reflected by the scope of the journal. ...

Planetary migration may have been responsible for much of the Solar System's early evolution.[according to whom?] In roughly 5 ... Planetary science, Solar System dynamic theories, Cosmogony, Stellar evolution). ... The evolution of moon systems is driven by tidal forces. A moon will raise a tidal bulge in the object it orbits (the primary) ... Proceedings 37th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference. League City, Texas: Lunar and Planetary Society. Bibcode: ...

Ahrens, T J (1993). "Impact Erosion of Terrestrial Planetary Atmospheres". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 21 (1 ... Owen, James E. (2019-05-30). "Atmospheric Escape and the Evolution of Close-In Exoplanets". Annual Review of Earth and ... This type of interaction is more pronounced in the absence of a planetary magnetosphere, as the electrically charged solar wind ... Atmospheric escape is the loss of planetary atmospheric gases to outer space. A number of different mechanisms can be ...

Implications for the formation and evolution of galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 236: 351-365. Bibcode:1980ApJ...236..351D ... However, other planetary systems can have quite different architectures. Studies suggest that architectures of planetary ... A planetary system is a set of gravitationally bound non-stellar objects in or out of orbit around a star or star system. ... Planetary system architectures may be partitioned into four classes based on how the mass of the planets is distributed around ...

Present Understanding of the Origin of Planetary Systems". Strategy for the Detection and Study of Other Planetary Systems and ... Marochnik, L.; Mukhin, L. (1995). "Is Solar System Evolution Cometary Dominated?". In Shostak, G.S. (ed.). Progress in the ... Planetary science, Space science, Planetary systems with eight confirmed planets). ... A relatively young planetary surface displays extensive evidence of volcanic activity, but is devoid of plate tectonics. It may ...

"Chiral molecules in space and their possible passage to planetary bodies recorded by meteorites". Earth and Planetary Science ... ISBN 978-3-642-65865-5. Giese, C Ten Kate I Plumper O King H Lenting C Liu Y Tielens A (Jul 2019). "The evolution of polycyclic ... Lunar and Planetary Science XLVIII. Beck, P; Quirico, E; Montes-Hernandez, G; Bonal, L; Bollard, J; Orthous-Daunay, F; Howard, ... Houston: Lunar and Planetary Institute. pp. 58-60. in International Workshop on Antarctic Meteorites, Annexstad J. et al., eds ...

Patzer, Andrea; Dolores H. Hill; William V. Boynton (2004). "Evolution and classification of acapulcoites and lodranites from a ... Accretion and thermal history of the acapulcoite-lodranite parent body". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 284 (1-2): 168- ... Planetary Science. 35 (5): 1073-1085. Bibcode:2000M&PS...35.1073F. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2000.tb01494.x. (CS1: Julian- ... chemical point of view". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 39 (1): 61-85. Bibcode:2004M&PS...39...61P. doi:10.1111/j.1945- ...

"Evolution of Planetary Cores and the Earth-Moon System from Nb/Ta Systematics". Science. 301 (5629): 84-87. Bibcode:2003Sci... ... The evolution of grass also brought primates down from the trees, and started human evolution. The first big cats evolved ... Cultural evolution quickly outpaced biological evolution, and history proper began. Between 8500 and 7000 BC, humans in the ... 25 biggest turning points in Earth History BBC Evolution of the Earth. Timeline of the most important events in the evolution ...

The Planetary Society. 114 (6): 633-635. Bibcode:2005JESS..114..633B. doi:10.1007/BF02715948. S2CID 129577579. Retrieved 2008- ... Burke, James D. (2005). "Energy conversion evolution at lunar polar sites" (PDF). Journal of Earth System Science. ... "Developing a Site Selection Strategy for a Lunar Outpost" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Institute. Retrieved 2008-02-19. Lunar Far ...

He is a planetary scientist and astrobiologist whose research focuses on understanding the differences between the evolution of ... Catling has also researched the evolution of the atmosphere and surface of Mars. In the 1990s, he pioneered research on how the ... In the area of the evolution of the Earth's atmosphere, Catling is known for a theory explaining how the Earth's crust ... He is also known for his work on the evolution of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere, including how Earth's atmosphere became ...

Stanley Weinbaum's Planetary series also includes significantly conceptualized and developed alien life. Frederik Pohl wrote ... The evolution of organisms in the Earth's future is a popular subset of speculative evolution. A relatively common theme in ... Peter Ward's Future Evolution (2001) makes a scientifically accurate approach to the prediction of patterns of evolution in the ... Dixon's third work on speculative evolution, Man After Man (1990) is also an example of future evolution, this time exploring ...

In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of ... "A window for plate tectonics in terrestrial planet evolution?". Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. 255: 80-92. ... Also, a habitable planetary system must maintain its favorable location long enough for complex life to evolve. A star with an ... The evolution of human beings and of human intelligence may have required yet further specific events and circumstances, all of ...

Origin and Evolution of Stars and Planets - Star Formation and Early Evolution; Planetary Systems (Exoplanets); Stellar ... Populations and Stellar Evolution Galaxies and Observational Cosmology - Physical properties of massive galaxies; Galaxy ...

"Could the Migration of Jupiter Have Accelerated the Atmospheric Evolution of Venus?". Planetary Science Journal. 1 (2): 42-51. ... "Planetary Facts". The Planetary Society. Archived from the original on 11 May 2012. Retrieved 20 January 2016. Margot, Jean-Luc ... Stevenson, D. J. (15 March 2003). "Planetary magnetic fields" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 208 (1-2): 1-11. ... Although all planetary orbits are elliptical, Venus's orbit is currently the closest to circular, with an eccentricity of less ...

Tauris, T.M. & van den Heuvel, E.P.J. (2006). "Chapter 16: Formation and evolution of compact stellar X-ray sources". In Lewin ... "Radial Velocity - The First Method that Worked". The Planetary Society. Retrieved April 20, 2016. "The Binary Pulsar PSR 1913+ ... "The Evolution of Binary Systems, in Accretion Processes in Astrophysics" (PDF). Cambridge University Press. Retrieved April 20 ... Wolszczan, D. A.; Frail, D. (9 January 1992). "A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12". Nature. 355 (6356 ...

"Asteroid articles in Planetary Science Research Discoveries". Planetary Science. University of Hawaii. "JPL Asteroid Watch site ... O'Brien, David P.; Sykes, Mark V. (December 2011). "The Origin and Evolution of the Asteroid Belt - Implications for Vesta and ... In other planetary orbits only nine Mars trojans, 28 Neptune trojans, two Uranus trojans, and two Earth trojans, have been ... 30 km per second in its orbit, it travels a distance of one planetary diameter in about 425 seconds, or slightly over seven ...

Floss, Christine; CROZAZ, Ghislaine; JOLLIFF, Brad; BENEDIX, Gretchen; COLTON, Shannon (1 April 2008). "Evolution of the ... winonaite parent body: Clues from silicate mineral trace element distributions". Meteoritics & Planetary Science. 43 (4): 657- ...