In 2002, Bionova shut down DNA Plant Technology. DNA Plant Technology was founded in 1981 by Dr. William R. Sharp and Dr. David ... ISBN 978-0-19-850674-4. "DNA Plant Technology unveils second-generation genetically-modified tomato". "Dna Plant Technology ... which had been carried out through its DNA Plant Technology subsidiary. In 1991, DNA Plant Technology applied for and were ... Key experiments in the control of plant transgene expression were performed by Jorgensen after he joined DNA Plant Technology ...

... (release 7.1, April 2019). [1] official Plant DNA C-values Database website (Use dmy dates from ... Evolution of DNA amounts across land plants (Embryophyta). Annals of Botany 95: 207-217. Murray, B.G. 1998. Nuclear DNA Amounts ... Release 1.0 of the more inclusive Plant DNA C-values Database was launched in 2001, with subsequent releases 2.0 in January ... The Plant DNA C-values Database (https://cvalues.science.kew.org/) is a comprehensive catalogue of C-value (nuclear DNA content ...

In land plants, some 11-14% of the DNA in their nuclei can be traced back to the chloroplast, up to 18% in Arabidopsis, ... There have been a few recent transfers of genes from the chloroplast DNA to the nuclear genome in land plants. Of the ... In primitive red algae, the chloroplast DNA nucleoids are clustered in the center of a chloroplast, while in green plants and ... Kolodner R, Tewari KK (January 1979). "Inverted repeats in chloroplast DNA from higher plants". Proceedings of the National ...

... the plant is able to expunge its so-called junk DNA and "have a perfectly good multicellular plant with lots of different cells ... Non-coding DNA (ncDNA) sequences are components of an organism's DNA that do not encode protein sequences. Some non-coding DNA ... These are regions of the genome where the DNA replication machinery is assembled and the DNA is unwound to begin DNA synthesis ... This is why these length differences are used extensively in DNA fingerprinting. Junk DNA is DNA that has no biologically ...

Molecular Plant. Chin Acad Sci+Chin Soc Plant Bio+Shanghai Inst Bio Sci (Elsevier). 10 (8): 1047-1064. doi:10.1016/j.molp. ... A DNA microarray (also commonly known as DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid ... such as Cot-1 DNA, salmon sperm DNA, calf thymus DNA, PolyA, or PolyT), Denhardt's solution, or formamine. The mixture is ... Each DNA spot contains picomoles (10−12 moles) of a specific DNA sequence, known as probes (or reporters or oligos). These can ...

... tabacum and other plants by active demethylation. 5-methylcytosine residues are excised and replaced with unmethylated ... Uracil-DNA glycosylases are DNA repair enzymes that excise uracil residues from DNA by cleaving the N-glycosydic bond, ... Lindahl, T. (1986). "DNA Glycosylases in DNA Repair". Mechanisms of DNA Damage and Repair. 38: 335-340. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615- ... This was the most frequent DNA repair abnormality found among the 8 DNA repair genes tested. NEIL1 was also one of six DNA ...

... a fast and versatile method to specify the binding of plant transcription factors to DNA in vitro". Plant Methods. 25 (6): 25. ... was also shown to non-specifically bind to DNA which helps in DNA repair. A distinct group of DNA-binding proteins are the DNA- ... Protein-DNA interactions occur when a protein binds a molecule of DNA, often to regulate the biological function of DNA, ... Also proteins that repair DNA such as uracil-DNA glycosylase interact closely with it. In general, proteins bind to DNA in the ...

"A simple plant high-molecular-weight DNA extraction method suitable for single-molecule technologies". Plant Methods. 16: 38. ... DNA storage is an important aspect of DNA extraction projects as it ensures the integrity and stability of the extracted DNA ... "DNA Extraction". Genomics. Retrieved 2022-10-09. Elkins KM (2013). "DNA Extraction". Forensic DNA Biology. pp. 39-52. doi: ... It can provide detailed information about the size, integrity, and purity of a DNA sample. Boom method DNA fingerprinting DNA ...

Plant Reprod. 2013 Dec;26(4):351-67. doi: 10.1007/s00497-013-0234-7. Epub 2013 Aug 31. PMID: 23995700; PMCID: PMC3825497 ... Damage to DNA as a result of free radical attack is called indirect DNA damage because the radicals formed can diffuse ... Radical damage to DNA can also occur through the interaction of DNA with certain natural products known as radiomimetic ... Malignant melanoma can be caused by indirect DNA damage because it is found in parts of the body not exposed to sunlight. DNA ...

DNA methylation can also be actively removed in plants by DNA glycosylases, which remove methylated cytosines via the base ... RdDM plays a key role in silencing these mobile DNA elements in plants by adding DNA methylation over new TE insertions and ... The combination of DNA methylation, H3K9me2, and H3K4me0 is strongly associated with heterochromatin in plants. Since DNA ... Due to the heritability of DNA methylation patterns in plants, and the self-reinforcing nature of RdDM and other DNA ...

Germann S, Juul-Jensen T, Letarnec B, Gaudin V (October 2006). "DamID, a new tool for studying plant chromatin profiling in ... If Dam is targeted to a specific known DNA locus, distal sites brought into proximity due to the 3D configuration of the DNA ... In transient transfection experiments, the DNA of those plasmids is recovered along with the DNA of the transfected cells, ... DamID identifies binding sites by expressing the proposed DNA-binding protein as a fusion protein with DNA methyltransferase. ...

Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus as nuclear DNA, and ... DNA exists in many possible conformations that include A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA forms, although only B-DNA and Z-DNA have been ... In DNA replication, DNA-dependent DNA polymerases make copies of DNA polynucleotide chains. To preserve biological information ... DNA at Curlie DNA binding site prediction on protein DNA the Double Helix Game From the official Nobel Prize web site DNA under ...

BMC Plant Biology. 13: 36. doi:10.1186/1471-2229-13-36. PMC 3610141. PMID 23452619. Singleton MR, Sawaya MR, Ellenberger T, ... It is also a primase, making short stretches of RNA that initiates DNA synthesis. It forms a complex with T7 DNA polymerase. ... "DNA is bound within the central hole to one or two of the six subunits of the T7 DNA helicase". Nature Structural Biology. 3 (9 ... "The Arabidopsis At1g30680 gene encodes a homologue to the phage T7 gp4 protein that has both DNA primase and DNA helicase ...

Decreased DNA Methylation I (DDM1), is a plant gene that encodes a nucleosome remodeler which facilitates DNA methylation. The ... Law, Julie A.; Jacobsen, Steven E. (March 2010). "Establishing, maintaining and modifying DNA methylation patterns in plants ... Since DNA methylation occurs mostly in transposable elements (TE), DDM1 is thought to be a crucial function in silencing TEs. ... DDM1 is required for DNA methylation in highly heterochromatin transposable elements. DDM1, therefore, often silences ...

H. S. Chawla (2002). Introduction to Plant Biotechnology. Science Publishers. ISBN 978-1-57808-228-5. CSD Palma, V Kandavalli, ... DNA supercoiling is important for DNA packaging within all cells. Because the length of DNA can be thousands of times that of a ... Negative supercoiling is also thought to favour the transition between B-DNA and Z-DNA, and moderate the interactions of DNA ... Supercoiling is also required for DNA/RNA synthesis. Because DNA must be unwound for DNA/RNA polymerase action, supercoils will ...

Journal of Plant Physiology. 165 (11): 1134-1141. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2007.12.008. ISSN 1618-1328. PMID 18295371. (Apoptosis, ... DNA laddering is a feature that can be observed when DNA fragments, resulting from Apoptosis DNA fragmentation are visualized ... DNA laddering can only be used to detect apoptosis during the later stages of apoptosis. This is due to DNA fragmentation ... CAD cleaves genomic DNA at internucleosomal linker regions, resulting in DNA fragments that are multiples of 180-185 base-pairs ...

The amplification process of DNA can mean that even small pieces of plant DNA can be detected included those from contaminants ... "Applying Pollen DNA Metabarcoding to the Study of Plant-Pollinator Interactions". Applications in Plant Sciences. 5 (6): ... "An rbcL Reference Library to Aid in the Identification of Plant Species Mixtures by DNA Metabarcoding". Applications in Plant ... Pollen identified using DNA barcoding involves the specific targeting of gene regions that are found in most to all plant ...

... dried plant remains, and recently, extractions of animal and plant DNA directly from soil samples. In June 2013, a group of ... As DNA degrades over time, the nucleotides that make up the DNA may change, especially at the ends of the DNA molecules. The ... Another problem with ancient DNA samples is contamination by modern human DNA and by microbial DNA (most of which is also ... Claims of DNA retrieval were not limited to amber. Reports of several sediment-preserved plant remains dating to the Miocene ...

Cupp JD, Nielsen BL (November 2014). "Minireview: DNA replication in plant mitochondria". Mitochondrion. 19 Pt B: 231-7. doi: ... Sutton MD, Walker GC (July 2001). "Managing DNA polymerases: coordinating DNA replication, DNA repair, and DNA recombination". ... The main function of DNA polymerase is to synthesize DNA from deoxyribonucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. The DNA copies ... DNA polymerase V (Pol V) is a Y-family DNA polymerase that is involved in SOS response and translesion synthesis DNA repair ...

In addition to humans, the XRCC4 protein is also expressed in many other metazoans, fungi and in plants. The X-ray repair cross ... DNA-PKcs) to the DNA ends to enable the binding of Artemis protein to one end of each DNA-PKcs. One end of the DNA-PKcs joins ... The second component involves the bridging of DNA to DNA Ligase IV (LigIV), by XRCC4, with the aid of Cernunnos-XLF. DNA-PKcs ... Chen L, Trujillo K, Sung P, Tomkinson AE (2000). "Interactions of the DNA ligase IV-XRCC4 complex with DNA ends and the DNA- ...

Alvarez I, Wendel JF (December 2003). "Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference". Molecular Phylogenetics and ... Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is a DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA. These sequences regulate transcription initiation and ... Diseases can be associated with DNA mutations where DNA can be expanded, such as Huntington's disease, or lost due to deletion ... DNA regions that are repetitive often undergo recombination events. The rDNA repeats have many regulatory mechanisms that keep ...

Adachi E, Shimamura K, Wakamatsu S, Kodama H (2004). "Amplification of plant genomic DNA by Phi29 DNA polymerase for use in ... motif of phi29 DNA polymerase as a metal ligand during both TP-primed and DNA-primed DNA synthesis". J Mol Biol. 283 (3): 633- ... "Highly efficient DNA synthesis by the phage Φ29 DNA polymerase. Symmetrical mode of DNA replication". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (15): ... Xu Y, Gao S, Bruno JF, Luft BJ, Dunn JJ (2008). "Rapid detection and identification of a pathogen's DNA using Phi29 DNA ...

Mitochondrial DNA is not universal and, in animals similar to plants, mitochondrial editing shows very erratic patterns of ... As shown in figure 3, in NHEJ, the Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), for bringing DNA fragments ... Yet, extremely large fragments of organelle DNA are found in some the plant genomes. As the genome evolves and alters over time ... Initial evidence that DNA could move among cell compartments came when fragments of chloroplast DNA were found in the maize ...

Cooper L, Jaiswal P (2016). "The Plant Ontology: A Tool for Plant Genomics". In Edwards D (ed.). Plant Bioinformatics. Methods ... Databases of this disease-gene relationships of different organisms have been created, such as Plant-Pathogen Ontology, Plant- ... DNA binding sites are regions in the genome sequence that bind to and interact with specific proteins. They play an important ... Segmental duplications are DNA segments of more than 1000 base pairs that are repeated in the genome with more than 90% ...

Fuhrman's DNA was also not found on the glove, thus supporting his claim that he did not plant it. The prosecution argued that ... "Carefully planted seeds of doubt". The Washington Post. "Was DNA Evidence in O.J. Simpson Case Contaminated in LAPD Crime Lab ... "Few Confident in DNA Use Kept for Simpson Jury". Los Angeles Times. 1994-11-02. Retrieved 2019-08-26. "Did Fuhrman Plant ... She stated the DNA sample sizes needed for RFLP testing in this case are too large to be susceptible to the degraded DNA cross- ...

Little, Damon P. (2013-11-29). "A DNA mini-barcode for land plants". Molecular Ecology Resources. 14 (3): 437-446. doi:10.1111/ ... Microbial DNA barcoding DNA barcoding Fish DNA barcoding DNA barcoding in diet assessment Lobo, Eduardo A.; Heinrich, Carla ... DNA methods can be used to confirm if the cause of death was indeed drowning and locate the origin of drowning. Diatom DNA ... Diatom DNA barcoding is a method for taxonomical identification of diatoms even to species level. It is conducted using DNA or ...

Kress WJ (2017). "Plant DNA barcodes: Applications today and in the future". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 291- ... DNA barcoding Microbial DNA barcoding Pollen DNA barcoding DNA barcoding in diet assessment Consortium for the Barcode of Life ... Another crucial prerequisite for DNA barcoding is the ability to unambiguously trace the provenance of DNA barcode data back to ... "DNA barcoding". The success of identification of fungi by means of DNA barcode sequences stands and falls with the quantitative ...

DNA database Meurant, Gerard (2012). Conservation of Plant Genes : Dna Banking and in Vitro Biotechnology. Stewart, A. (2007). ... List of DNA banks by Global Genome Biodiversity Network[permanent dead link] NIAS DNA bank RBG Kew DNA bank DNA Bank Network ... Some DNA banks also store the DNA of rare or endangered species to ensure their survival. The DNA bank can be used to compare ... The Human DNA Bank India at Lucknow city, the Asia's first Human DNA Bank takes the DNA of common public, stores it for 50 ...

Planted Plant DNA Will Bring the Coppers". DGI Wire. Retrieved 25 August 2015. Mak, Tim (4 October 2013). "Plant DNA markers ... "Crime Prevention". Applied DNA Sciences Inc. Retrieved 25 August 2015. "DNA test has helped slash copper theft by more than 85 ... In suspected thefts, the suspect can also be tested for traces of the DNA marking. DNA marking can be used to prevent thefts of ... DNA marking is a type of forensic identification. It is a method to mark items in a way that is undetectable to the naked eye. ...

Due to a polarity difference in the left and right borders, the right border of the T-DNA enters the host plant first. If the ... A transfer DNA (T-DNA) binary system is a pair of plasmids consisting of a T-DNA binary vector and a vir helper plasmid. The ... Systems in which T-DNA and vir genes are located on separate replicons are called T-DNA binary systems. T-DNA is located on the ... Xiang C, Han P, Lutziger I, Wang K, Oliver DJ (July 1999). "A mini binary vector series for plant transformation". Plant ...