Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase, also known as carbonyl reductase II, is an enzyme that in human is encoded by the DCXR gene ... L-xylulose+reductase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology v t e (Articles ... Cho-Vega JH, Tsavachidis S, Do KA, Nakagawa J, Medeiros LJ, McDonnell TJ (2007). "Dicarbonyl/L-xylulose reductase: a potential ... In enzymology, an L-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.10) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction xylitol + NADP+ ⇌ {\ ...
In enzymology, a D-xylulose reductase (EC 1.1.1.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction xylitol + NAD+ ⇌ {\ ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is xylitol:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase (D-xylulose-forming). Other names in common use ... Hickman J; Ashwell G (1959). "A sensitive and stereospecific enzymatic assay for xylulose". J. Biol. Chem. 234: 758-761. PMID ... displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } D-xylulose + NADH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are xylitol and NAD+, whereas ...
It is associated with a deficiency of L-xylulose reductase, necessary for xylitol metabolism. L-Xylulose is a reducing sugar, ... L-xylulose reductase, contained in red blood cells, is composed of both a major and minor isozyme. For those diagnosed with ... Lane, A.B. (February 1984). "On the Nature of L-Xylulose Reductase Deficiency in Essential Pentosuria". Biochemical Genetics. ...
D-xylulose is then phosphorylated to D-xylulose-5-phosphate as in the oxido-reductase pathway. At equilibrium, the isomerase ... Xylitol is then oxidized to D-xylulose by XDH, using the cofactor NAD. In the last step D-xylulose is phosphorylated by an ATP ... This pathway is also called the "Xylose Reductase-Xylitol Dehydrogenase" or XR-XDH pathway. Xylose reductase (XR) and xylitol ... D-xylulose because the conversion of xylose to xylulose is energetically unfavorable. The Weimberg pathway is an oxidative ...
L-Xylulose accumulates in the urine in patients with pentosuria, due to a deficiency in L-xylulose reductase. Since L-xylulose ... Xylulose is a ketopentose, a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including a ketone functional group. It has the ... Data is for L-xylulose. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9996. Winkelhausen, Eleonora; Kuzmanova, Slobodanka (1998). "Microbial ...
Food portal Medicine portal Aspartame Birch sap L-Xylulose reductase Xylonic acid Safety data sheet for xylitol Archived 3 ... which transforms xylitol to D-xylulose. Specific xylulokinase phosphorylates it to D-xylulose-5-phosphate. This then goes to ...
The concerted action of these enzymes converts xylose to xylulose, which is naturally fermented by S. cerevisiae. Additional ... coding for xylose reductase and xylitol dehydrogenase, respectively. ...
EC 1.1.1.8 D-xylulose reductase EC 1.1.1.9 L-xylulose reductase EC 1.1.1.10 Lactate dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.27 Malate ... reductase EC 1.17.4.1 Ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase EC 1.17.4.2 Vitamin K epoxide reductase Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase ... Nitrite reductase EC 1.7.99.3 Nitrate reductase EC 1.7.99.4 Category:EC 1.8.1 (with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor) Glutathione ... Dihydrofolate reductase EC 1.5.1.3 Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase EC 1.5.1.20 Category:EC 1.5.3 (with oxygen as acceptor) ...
... aldehyde reductase MeSH D08.811.682.047.150.700.237 - d-xylulose reductase MeSH D08.811.682.047.150.700.400 - glycerolphosphate ... gmp reductase MeSH D08.811.682.655.500 - nitrate reductases MeSH D08.811.682.655.500.124 - nitrate reductase MeSH D08.811. ... nitrite reductases MeSH D08.811.682.655.750.249 - ferredoxin-nitrite reductase MeSH D08.811.682.655.750.500 - nitrite reductase ... testosterone 5-alpha-Reductase MeSH D08.811.682.662.162 - dihydropteridine reductase MeSH D08.811.682.662.171 - FMN reductase ...
... butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase (HDR). The formation of IPP can be achieved by both MVA and MEP pathways. Condensation of IPP ... to produce 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP). The conversion of DXP to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), which is the common ... synthesis begins with condensation reaction between pyruvate and D-Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate catalyzed by 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5 ... terpenoid biosynthesis precursor involves 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) and 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2(E)- ...
D-xylulose reductase EC 1.1.1.10: L-xylulose reductase EC 1.1.1.11: D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase EC 1.1.1.12: L-arabinitol 4- ... flavin reductase (NADH) EC 1.5.1.37: FAD reductase (NADH) EC 1.5.1.38: FMN reductase (NADPH) EC 1.5.1.39: FMN reductase (NAD(P) ... zeatin reductase EC 1.3.1.70: Δ14-sterol reductase EC 1.3.1.71: Δ24(241)-sterol reductase EC 1.3.1.72: Δ24-sterol reductase EC ... nitrite reductase (NAD(P)H) EC 1.7.1.5: hyponitrite reductase EC 1.7.1.6: azobenzene reductase EC 1.7.1.7: GMP reductase EC 1.7 ...
The classical mevalonate pathway (MVA pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway) is a metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of ... Lichtenthaler H (1999). "The 1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants". Annu Rev Plant ... pathway-also appearing as the mevalonate-independent pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate/1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5- ...
In the kidney, MIOX converts myo-inositol to glucuronic acid which is then able to enter the glucuronate-xylulose pathway for ... the MIOX protein fold diverges from that of other non-heme di-iron oxygenases including ribonucleotide reductase and soluble ... the predominant role of the glucuronate-xylulose-pentose phosphate pathway". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 165 (2 ... conversion to xylulose-5-phosphate. This product can then easily enter the pentose phosphate pathway. Hence, MIOX enables the ...
It reduces glutathione via glutathione reductase, which converts reactive H2O2 into H2O by glutathione peroxidase. If absent, ... 2 xylulose-5-phosphate → 2 fructose-6-phosphate + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is the rate- ...
HMBDP is reduced to IPP in the presence of ferredoxin and NADPH by the enzyme HMBDP reductase. The last two steps involving ... Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and pyruvate, intermediates of photosynthesis, are converted to deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) ... HMBPD synthase and reductase can only occur in completely anaerobic environments. IPP is then able to isomerize to DMAPP via ...
... hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase EC 2.7.1.110: Now EC 2.7.11.3, dephospho-(reductase kinase) kinase EC 2.7. ... 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase EC 2.2.1.8: fluorothreonine transaldolase EC 2.2.1.9: 2-succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6- ... glutamyl-tRNA reductase and EC 5.4.3.8 glutamate-1-semialdehyde 2,1-aminomutase EC 2.7.2.14: branched-chain-fatty-acid kinase ... dinitrogen-reductase ADP-D-ribosyltransferase EC 2.4.2.38: glycoprotein 2-β-D-xylosyltransferase EC 2.4.2.39: xyloglucan 6- ...
... catalyzed by sulfolactaldehyde reductase and using NADH as a co-factor). Expression of proteins within the sulfo-EMP operon of ... yielding xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P). 4-Sulfoerythrose is isomerized to 4-sulfoerythrulose (SEu), whereupon a second round of ... catalyzed by sulfolactaldehyde reductase and using NADH as a co-factor), or oxidized to sulfolactate (catalyzed by ... yielding a second molecule of xylulose-5-phosphate (Xu5P). Finally, the sulfoacetaldehyde is reduced to isethionate and ...
Since NADPH is required by both thioredoxin reductase and glutathione reductase to reduce oxidized thioredoxin and ... Isolation of beta-keto-L-gluconic acid, an intermediate in L-xylulose biosynthesis". J. Biol. Chem. 236: 2975-2980. Scott DBM; ...
This was accomplished via overexpressing heterologous xylulose kinase and endogenous xylose isomerase. A European patent has ... "Cloning of the pks3 gene of Aurantiochytrium limacinum and functional study of the 3-ketoacyl-ACP reductase and dehydratase ...
The mevalonate pathway (also called HMG-CoA reductase pathway) begins with acetyl-CoA and ends with dimethylallyl diphosphate ( ... Lichtenthaler HK (June 1999). "The 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants". Annual Review ... 5α-Reductase and 3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Steroids are primarily oxidized by cytochrome P450 oxidase enzymes, such as ...
This reduced form of the coenzyme is then a substrate for any of the reductases in the cell that need to transfer hydrogen ... Lichtenthaler HK (June 1999). "The 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose-5-Phosphate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Plants". Annual Review ...