Nested case-control study Retrospective cohort study Prospective cohort study Randomized controlled trial "8. Case-control and ... A case-control study (also known as case-referent study) is a type of observational study in which two existing groups ... The case-control study design is often used in the study of rare diseases or as a preliminary study where little is known about ... The case-control is a type of epidemiological observational study. An observational study is a study in which subjects are not ...
A nested case-control (NCC) study is a variation of a case-control study in which cases and controls are drawn from the ... A case-cohort study is a design in which cases and controls are drawn from within a prospective study. All cases who developed ... Thus the nested case-control study is more efficient than the full cohort design. The nested case-control study can be analyzed ... Keogh, Ruth H.; Cox, D. R. (2014). "Nested case-control studies". Case-Control Studies. Cambridge University Press. pp. 160-190 ...
... is of particular concern in retrospective studies that use a case-control design to investigate the etiology of a ... "Bias in case-control studies. A review". Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 44 (3): 179-86. doi:10.1136/jech.44.3. ... "Case-control studies: research in reverse" (PDF). Lancet. 359 (9304): 431-4. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)07605-5. PMID 11844534. ... a multicenter randomized blinded noninferiority study of 1992 cases (pivotal study)". American Journal of Surgical Pathology. ...
Gusev, E; Boiko, A; Lauer, K; Riise, T; Deomina, T (1996). "Environmental risk factors in MS: A case-control study in Moscow". ... Wolfson, C; Granieri, E; Lauer, K (1997). "Case-control studies in multiple sclerosis". Neurology. 49 (2 Suppl 2): S5-14. doi: ... "A questionnaire for multinational case-control studies of environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis (EnvIMS-Q)". Acta ... Like John Kurtzke, Klaus J. Lauer has dedicated a large part of his work to the study of MS in the Faroe Islands, starting with ...
"Control methods and case studies" (PDF). Department of the Environment and Energy. Retrieved 2017-03-25. Lalith Gunasekera, ... There are currently no studies that have looked at the biological control of A. glabra within Australia. Without studies, any ... Options for the control of the A. glabra include fire, chemical, and mechanical controls including combinations of the three ... A 2008 study found that A. glabra seeds can withstand floating in salt water and fresh water for up to 12 months. About 38% of ...
... but only the odds ratio can be used in case-control studies. Although most case-control studies are retrospective, they can ... Case-control study "What is epidemiology?" (PDF). 11 March 2019. "Definition of historic cohort study - NCI Dictionary of ... Research design II: cohort, cross sectional, and case-control studies". Emergency Medicine Journal. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. ... A retrospective cohort study, also called a historic cohort study, is a longitudinal cohort study used in medical and ...
Since case control studies don't track patients over time, they can't establish relative risk. The case control study can, ... "What Do Case-Control Studies Estimate? Survey of Methods and Assumptions in Published Case-Control Research". American Journal ... Case control studies are relatively inexpensive and less time-consuming than cohort studies.[citation needed] ... Greenland, Sander; Thomas, D. C. (1982). "On the need for the rare disease assumption in case-control studies". American ...
Case-control study. / Sequeira, H; Howlin, P; Hollins, S.In: British Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 183, No. NOV., 11.2003, p. 451 ... Model to the Cases of "James" and "Juan"". Pragmatic Case Studies in Psychotherapy. 10 (3): 156-195. doi:10.14713/pcsp. ... In a 2016 case study, therapists used a metaphor to describe post-traumatic stress disorder and aid treatment for a young man ... In a 2009 case study, a 24-year-old woman with an intellectual disability experienced a reduction in posttraumatic stress ...
Case-control study". British Journal of Psychiatry. 183 (5): 451-456. doi:10.1192/bjp.183.5.451. PMID 14594922. Ryan, Ruth; ... with a higher incidence of psychiatric and behavioural disorder in people with learning disabilities in a case-control study. ... In a clinical study it was found that the physicians would provide poor quality of care to individuals with disabilities. They ... There was one study done that shows 60 per cent of the children with disabilities come forth about being bullied regularly, ...
Haux J, Klepp O, Spigset O, Tretli S (2001). "Digitoxin medication and cancer; case control and internal dose-response studies ... While several controlled trials have shown digoxin to be effective in a proportion of patients treated for heart failure, the ... The biological half-life is 7 to 8 days except when kidney and liver functions are impaired, in which case it is usually longer ...
17 April 2013). Robust control systems : theory and case studies. Berlin. pp. 114-116. ISBN 978-3-662-09775-5. OCLC 861706617 ... In control theory, given any transfer function, any state-space model that is both controllable and observable and has the same ... Linear State-Space Control Systems, John Wiley & Sons, p. 185, ISBN 9780471735557{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: ...
A nested case-control study is a case control nested inside of a cohort study. The procedure begins like a normal cohort study ... The process for selecting and matching cases is identical to a normal case control study. An example of a nested case-control ... The diagram indicates the starting point and direction of cohort and case-control studies. In case-control studies the analysis ... are generally not studied with the use of a cohort study, but are rather studied with the use of a case-control study. Cohort ...
Cole P, MacMahon B (November 1971). "Attributable risk percent in case-control studies". British Journal of Preventive & Social ... In such case A F p = ∑ i P i R R i − ∑ i P i ′ R R i ∑ i P i R R i {\displaystyle AF_{p}={\frac {\sum _{i}P_{i}RR_{i}-\sum _{i} ... In such case, removal of the risk factor will greatly reduce the number of the incidents in the population. The values of AFp ... It is used when an exposure increases the risk, as opposed to reducing it, in which case its symmetrical notion is preventable ...
Cole P, MacMahon B (November 1971). "Attributable risk percent in case-control studies". Br J Prev Soc Med. 25 (4): 242-4. doi: ... It is used when an exposure increases the risk, as opposed to reducing it, in which case its symmetrical notion is preventable ...
May 1995). "Systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control epidemiologic study in Japan". Int J Dermatol. 34 (5): 333-7. doi: ... a case-control study". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 57 (8): 451-5. doi:10.1136/ard.57.8.451. PMC 1752721. PMID 9797548. Källberg H, ... A study in the United Kingdom found that alcohol causes about 4% of cancer cases in the UK (12,500 cases per year). The Centers ... Results from two Scandinavian case-control studies". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 68 (2): 222-7. doi:10.1136/ard.2007.086314. PMC 2937278. ...
A case-control study". Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 72 (3): 150-58. doi:10.1159/000069731. PMID 12707482. S2CID 22105282. ... Extreme cases of vitiligo, to the extent that little pigmented skin remains, are referred to as vitiligo universalis. NSV can ... In mild cases, vitiligo patches can be hidden with makeup or other cosmetic camouflage solutions. If the affected person is ... In cases of extensive vitiligo the option to depigment the unaffected skin with topical drugs like monobenzone, mequinol, or ...
"Why does family homelessness occur? A case-control study." American Journal of Public Health 78, no. 7 (1988): 783-788. Shinn, ... It has been studied that most homeless families stay in homeless shelters for only a short time, and when they exit they ... A study in 2018[specify] projected a total of 56,342 family households were recognized as homeless. Roughly 16,390 of these ... According to several studies conducted by various academic journals, children who experience homelessness can often have ...
A case control study". Journal of Neural Transmission. 115 (1): 135-8. doi:10.1007/s00702-007-0798-1. PMID 17768593. S2CID ... Consistent with these studies, it has been hypothesized that ASD and SCZ thus may be located at the extreme ends of a cognitive ... Indeed, it has been suggested that maternally imprinted cases of Prader-Willi syndrome have an elevated autism prevalence ... While Crespi and Badcock have claimed neuroimaging studies lend support to the imprinted brain hypothesis, other neuroimaging ...
"Vermont: Proud to be Billboard-Free!" (PDF). Billboard Control Case Study. Scenic America. Archived from the original (PDF) on ... In those cases, the agency might ask for the request in writing. Costs associated with the requests might be costs of copying, ... In that case, the agency head must respond within 5 business days to the appeal and must "include the asserted statutory basis ... In May 2013, Vermont passed Act 39 (a.k.a. the Patient Choice and Control at End of Life Act), becoming the first state to ...
A case-control study". JAMA. 264 (5): 585-91. doi:10.1001/jama.264.5.585. PMID 2366297. Purification Program - Scientology ... Some apparently supportive studies have been published, but these lack control groups and have other scientific failings. ... No cases of radiation sickness have ever been reported in Utah, due to the low level of fallout involved, although some cases ... "in some cases lethal". Prof. Michael Ryan, a pharmacologist at University College Dublin, testified in a 2003 court case that ...
Application of Case-Crossover and Case-time-control study designs in analyses of time-varying predictors of T-cell homeostasis ... A case-control study of injuries due to the earthquake in Armenia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 70(2):251-257; ... A Case-Control Study in Armenia. Medical Principles and Practice 115, 2009 Armenian HK, Khatib R. Developing an Instrument of ... A Case Control Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 124:762 7;1986. Armenian HK, Saadeh FM, Armenian SL: Widowhood and ...
A case-control study". Acta Psychiatr Scand. 109 (4): 313-7, discussion 317-8. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00293.x. PMID ... Although the studies conducted by these initiatives did not have control groups, their results were promising and became the ... Further UK studies have shown slightly more moderate rates of substance misuse among mentally ill individuals. One study found ... A study by Kessler et al. in the United States attempting to assess the prevalence of dual diagnosis found that 47% of clients ...
A case control study". Journal of Neural Transmission. 115 (1): 135-138. doi:10.1007/s00702-007-0798-1. PMID 17768593. S2CID ... who compared 75 children with ASD to 30 non-autistic "controls". These controls were children who had a developmental delay, ... IQ and the control group used. Several studies have reported associated motor problems that include poor muscle tone, poor ... high-quality studies are overall lacking. According to several studies, there is a high prevalence of strabismus in autistic ...
A Case-control Study on 100 Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India". Indian Journal of Endocrinology and ... A case-control study". Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet. 96 (8): 947-951. PMID 23991602. ... A case-control study". Indian Dermatology Online Journal. 5 (3): 276-281. doi:10.4103/2229-5178.137776. PMC 4144211. PMID ... One possible case study is about a maneless male lion in the Tsavo area. The Tsavo lion prides are unique in that they ...
A case-control study". Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 110 (1): 83-91. doi:10.1160/TH13-02-0097. ISSN 0340-6245. PMID 23677493. ... CTEPH is an orphan disease with an estimated incidence of 5 cases per million, but it is likely that CTEPH is under-diagnosed ... The median age of patients at diagnosis is 63 years (there is a wide age range, but paediatric cases are rare), and both ... "Clinical Study to Assess the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of Macitentan in Subjects With Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic ...
A case-control study". Archives of General Psychiatry. 46 (10): 914-918. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810100056011. PMID 2572206 ... In one study, identical twins presented with NMS, and a mother and two of her daughters have presented with NMS in another case ... In these cases NMS is not usually fatal. In earlier studies the mortality rates from NMS ranged from 20%-38%, but by 2009 ... No major studies have reported an explanation for the abnormal EEG, but it is likely also attributable to dopamine blockage ...
"Basic statistical analysis in genetic case-control studies". Nature Protocols. 6 (2): 121-33. doi:10.1038/nprot.2010.182. PMC ... More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by α {\displaystyle \alpha } , is the probability of the study ... A study that is found to be statistically significant may not necessarily be practically significant. Effect size is a measure ... In other fields of scientific research such as genome-wide association studies, significance levels as low as 5×10−8 are not ...
Variations on the case-control approach. A common alternative to case-control GWA studies is the analysis of quantitative ... Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Burton PR (June 2007). "Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common ... Another landmark publication in the history of GWA studies was the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC) study, the ... "Largest ever study of genetics of common diseases published today" (Press release). Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. 6 ...
Schlesselman JJ: Case-control Studies: Design, Conduct, Analysis. New York: Oxford U. Press; 1982:144-152. Wittes J, ... Dupont, WD: "Power Calculations for Matched Case-Control Studies", Biometrics, 1988; 44:1157-1168. Casagrande JT, Pike MC, ... Dupont WD, Plummer WD: "Power and Sample Size Calculations for Studies Involving Linear Regression", Controlled Clinical Trials ... Controlled Clin Trials,1997;18:274 Schoenfeld DA, Richter JR: "Nomograms for Calculating the Number of Patients Needed for a ...
... the ECTIM and PATHROS studies. Etude Cas-Témoins de l'Infarctus du Myocarde. Paris Thrombosis case-control Study". ... Study of 5 cases]". Journal Français d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie; Audiophonologie, Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale. 26 (9): 669-76. doi: ... Many of the studies so far have been performed in vitro, providing only a prediction of what may happen not a real-time ... Studies also show that the placement of the mutation in the TATA box sequence hinders the binding of TBP. For example, a ...