Co-stimulation
... is required in addition to the antigen-specific signal from their antigen receptors. T cells require two signals ... CR2 on mature B cells forms a complex with CD19 and CD81. This complex is called the B cell coreceptor complex for such ... B cell binds antigens with its BCR (a membrane-bound antibody), which transfers intracellular signals to the B cell as well as ... Co-stimulation is a secondary signal which immune cells rely on to activate an immune response in the presence of an antigen- ...
CD81
1994). "Mouse homologue of C33 antigen (CD82), a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily: complementary DNA, genomic ... HCV-E2 and CD81 binding Kd is 1.8 nM. HCV-E2 engaged CD81 is only 30% internalized after 12hr, suggesting CD81 may be primarily ... CD81 molecule, also known as CD81 (Cluster of Differentiation 81), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD81 gene. It ... CD81 appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of influenza. CD81 has been shown to interact with TSPAN4, CD19, CD9, PTGFRN, ...
CD19
... amplifying the response of low affinity BCRs to low concentrations of antigen. CD19 has been shown to interact with: CD81 CD82 ... Mouse CD Antigen Chart Human CD Antigen Chart Human CD19 genome location and CD19 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser ... B-lymphocyte antigen CD19, also known as CD19 molecule (Cluster of Differentiation 19), B-Lymphocyte Surface Antigen B4, T-Cell ... CD81, attached to CD19, is a part of the tetraspanin web, acts as a chaperone protein, and provides docking sites for molecules ...
TSPAN4
This encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein and is similar in sequence to its family member CD53 antigen. It is known ... TSPAN4 has been shown to interact with CD9, ITGA6, CD29, CD49c and CD81. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000214063 - Ensembl ... 1999). "Selective tetraspan-integrin complexes (CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions ...
Sushi domain
IFC and UMC antigens. Complement receptor type 1 (C3b/C4b receptor) (Antigen CD35) belongs to the Knops blood group system and ... CD21 is part of a large signal-transduction complex that also involves CD19, CD81, and Leu13. Some of the proteins in this ... Complement decay-accelerating factor (Antigen CD55) belongs to the Cromer blood group system and is associated with Cr(a), Dr(a ... Lomas-Francis, Christine; Reid, Marion E. (2004). The blood group antigen: factsbook. Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-586585- ...
B cell
... and signals are transduced through CD19 and CD81 to lower the activation threshold of the cell. Antigens that activate B cells ... Antigens that activate B cells without T cell help are known as T cell-independent (TI) antigens and include foreign ... As with TD antigens, B cells activated by TI antigens need additional signals to complete activation, but instead of receiving ... Upon antigen binding, the memory B cell takes up the antigen through receptor-mediated endocytosis, degrades it, and presents ...
Complement receptor 2
The CR2-CD19-CD81 complex is often called the B cell co-receptor complex, because CR2 binds to opsonized antigens through ... This results in the B cell having greatly enhanced response to the antigen. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can bind CR2, enabling EBV ... Complement receptor 2 interacts with CD19, and, on mature B cells, forms a complex with CD81 (TAPA-1). ... CD81, and the fragilis/Ifitm (murine equivalents of LEU13) proteins. The CR2 gene of primates produces only the smaller isoform ...
Outline of immunology
Antigen Antigenicity Immunogen Superantigen Allergen Hapten Epitope Linear Conformational Mimotope Tumor antigen Antigen- ... Immunoglobulin light chain Co-receptors Stimulatory CD21 CD19 CD81 Inhibitory CD22 Accessory molecule (CD79) Ig-α (CD79A) Ig-β ... CD79B) T cells Antigen receptor - T cell receptor (TCR) Subunits - TRA@ / TRB@ / TRD@ / TRG@ Co-receptors CD8 (CD8α / CD8β) CD4 ... CD18 Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18 Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CR4) - Heterodimer: CD11c / CD18 Very late ...
PI4KA
Carloni V, Mazzocca A, Ravichandran KS (2004). "Tetraspanin CD81 is linked to ERK/MAPKinase signaling by Shc in liver tumor ... Subrahmanyam G, Rudd CE, Schneider H (2003). "Association of T cell antigen CD7 with type II phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase, a ...
CD20
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and ... CD81, and CD82) at the surface of a B cell line JY". Journal of Immunology. 157 (7): 2939-2946. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.157.7.2939 ... CD20+antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) representations of the shape are found ... Stamenkovic I, Seed B (June 1988). "Analysis of two cDNA clones encoding the B lymphocyte antigen CD20 (B1, Bp35), a type III ...
IBA Lifesciences
... and virus-derived antigens". J Immunol Methods. 320 (1-2): 119-131. doi:10.1016/j.jim.2007.01.001. PMID 17306825. Bollard, C. M ... "Lymphocyte enrichment using CD81-targeted immunoaffinity matrix". Cytometry A. 91A: 62-72. Pelák, O.; Kužílková, D.; Thürner, D ... "Lymphocyte enrichment using CD81-targeted immunoaffinity matrix". Cytometry A. 91A: 62-72. Neudorfer, J; Schmidt, B; Huster, K ... "Lymphocyte enrichment using CD81-targeted immunoaffinity matrix". Cytometry A. 91A: 62-72. "IBA GmbH Certified with ISO 9001: ...
CD9
... has been shown to interact with: CD117, CD29 CD46, CD49c, CD81, PTGFRN, TSPAN4. CD63 ADAM17 CD81 Tetraspanin Myogenesis ... "Molecular cloning of the CD9 antigen. A new family of cell surface proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 266 (1): 117 ... Shown in HIV-1 infection, exosomes are able to enhance HIV-1 entry through tetraspanin CD9 and CD81. However, expression of CD9 ... Tachibana I, Hemler ME (August 1999). "Role of transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins CD9 and CD81 in muscle cell fusion ...
Integrin alpha 4
CD49d+antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ITGA4 Info with links in the Cell ... Mannion BA, Berditchevski F, Kraeft SK, Chen LB, Hemler ME (1996). "Transmembrane-4 superfamily proteins CD81 (TAPA-1), CD82, ... "Entrez Gene: ITGA4 integrin, alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 receptor)". Hadari YR, Arbel-Goren R, Levy Y, ... Takada Y, Strominger JL, Hemler ME (1987). "The very late antigen family of heterodimers is part of a superfamily of molecules ...
CD82 (gene)
November 1992). "C33 antigen recognized by monoclonal antibodies inhibitory to human T cell leukemia virus type 1-induced ... Mannion BA, Berditchevski F, Kraeft SK, Chen LB, Hemler ME (September 1996). "Transmembrane-4 superfamily proteins CD81 (TAPA-1 ... CD81, and CD82) at the surface of a B cell line JY". Journal of Immunology. 157 (7): 2939-46. PMID 8816400. Dong JT, Isaacs WB ... CD81 and CD82". Journal of Immunology. 155 (3): 1229-39. PMID 7636191. Horváth G, Serru V, Clay D, Billard M, Boucheix C, ...
CD37
"The primary structure of the human leukocyte antigen CD37, a species homologue of the rat MRC OX-44 antigen". The Journal of ... CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical ... Leukocyte antigen CD37 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD37 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of ... Angelisová P, Hilgert I, Horejsí V (1994). "Association of four antigens of the tetraspans family (CD37, CD53, TAPA-1, and R2/ ...
Integrin beta 1
CD29+Antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Human ITGB1 genome location and ITGB1 ... CD29 has been shown to interact with ACTN1; CD46, CD9, FHL2, Filamin, FLNB, CD81, GNB2L1, ITGB1BP1, LGALS8, MAP4K4, NME1, PKC ... These and other integrin beta 1 complexes have been historically known as very late activation (VLA) antigens. Integrin beta 1 ... Radford KJ, Thorne RF, Hersey P (May 1996). "CD63 associates with transmembrane 4 superfamily members, CD9 and CD81, and with ...
IGSF2
Stipp CS, Kolesnikova TV, Hemler ME (2001). "EWI-2 is a major CD9 and CD81 partner and member of a novel Ig protein subfamily ... Role in T-lymphocyte activation". Tissue Antigens. 50 (5): 439-48. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1997.tb02898.x. PMID 9389317. Soares ...
Microvesicle
CD154 knockout mice are incapable of producing IgG, IgE, or IgA as a response to antigens. Microvesicles can also transfer ... Finally, tetraspanin proteins, including CD9, CD37, CD63 and CD81 are one of the most abundant protein families found in ... This mechanism of action can be used in processes such as antigen presentation, where MHC molecules on the surface of ... For example, those released from antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as B cells and dendritic cells, are enriched in proteins ...
CD63
... antigen is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD63 gene. CD63 is mainly associated with membranes of ... Radford KJ, Thorne RF, Hersey P (May 1996). "CD63 associates with transmembrane 4 superfamily members, CD9 and CD81, and with ... Hotta H, Miyamoto H, Hara I, Takahashi N, Homma M (May 1992). "Genomic structure of the ME491/CD63 antigen gene and functional ... Metzelaar MJ, Wijngaard PL, Peters PJ, Sixma JJ, Nieuwenhuis HK, Clevers HC (February 1991). "CD63 antigen. A novel lysosomal ...
CD53
1990). "The human leucocyte surface antigen CD53 is a protein structurally similar to the CD37 and MRC OX-44 antigens". ... 1996). "Supramolecular complexes of MHC class I, MHC class II, CD20, and tetraspan molecules (CD53, CD81, and CD82) at the ... Leukocyte surface antigen CD53 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD53 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a ... A pan-leukocyte antigen related to membrane transport proteins". J. Immunol. 145 (12): 4322-5. PMID 2258620. Dianzani U, ...
CD151
Charrin S, Le Naour F, Oualid M, Billard M, Faure G, Hanash SM, Boucheix C, Rubinstein E (2001). "The major CD9 and CD81 ... Raph blood group system in the BGMUT blood group antigen gene mutation database Human CD151 genome location and CD151 gene ... identifies a novel platelet surface antigen". Br. J. Haematol. 79 (2): 263-70. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.1991.tb04531.x. PMID ... "Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding a novel platelet-endothelial cell tetra-span antigen, PETA-3". Blood. 86 (4): 1348-55. doi: ...
Complement receptor 1
The Knops antigen was the 25th blood group system recognized and consists of the single antigen York (Yk) a with the following ... CD81, and the fragilis/Ifitm (murine equivalents of LEU13) proteins. The complement receptor 2 (CR2) gene of primates produces ... Rao N, Ferguson DJ, Lee SF, Telen MJ (May 1991). "Identification of human erythrocyte blood group antigens on the C3b/C4b ... The Knops blood group system is a system of antigens located on this protein. The protein mediates cellular binding to ...
TSPAN8
"Molecular cloning of cDNA for the human tumor-associated antigen CO-029 and identification of related transmembrane antigens". ... CD81/alpha4beta1, CD151/alpha3beta1, CD151/alpha6beta1) under conditions disrupting tetraspan interactions". The Biochemical ...
Co-receptor
Carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule-1 (Caecam1) is an immunoglobulin-like co-receptor that aids in cell adhesion in ... The Hepatitis C virus requires the CD81 co-receptor for infection. Studies suggest that the tight junction protein Claudin-1 ( ... Analysis of the CD4 coreceptor and activation-induced costimulatory molecules in antigen-mediated mature T lymphocyte death. ... or CD28 to bind antigens or regulate T cell activity in some way. Many co-receptor-related disorders occur due to mutations in ...
Chromosome 11
... squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1 SBF2: SET binding factor 2 SCGB1D2: secretoglobin family 1D member 2 ... ligand 9 CD81: cluster of differentiation 81 CDHR5: cadherin related family member 5 CLDN25: encoding protein Claudin 25 COMMD9 ...
Housekeeping gene
CLTC MTX2 AP2S1 CD81 GPAA1 LGALS9 MGAT2 MGAT4B VAMP3 CTNNA1 NM_001903 CTNNB1 CTNNBIP1 NM_020248 CTNNBL1 NM_030877 CTNND1 NM_ ... in testes SPAG7 SRM Spermidine synthase TEGT Bax-1 inhibitor DAZAP2 Deleted in azoospermia MEA1 Male enhanced antigen Inducible ...
Integrin alpha 7
Kaufman SJ, Foster RF, Haye KR, Faiman LE (June 1985). "Expression of a developmentally regulated antigen on the surface of ... Tachibana I, Hemler ME (1999). "Role of transmembrane 4 superfamily (TM4SF) proteins CD9 and CD81 in muscle cell fusion and ...
Hepatitis C virus
It prevents CD81 from latching onto its respective receptor on the virus. In addition, E2 can shield E1 from the immune system ... Walewski JL, Keller TR, Stump DD, Branch AD (2001). "Evidence for a new hepatitis C virus antigen encoded in an overlapping ... Claudin 1, which is a tight-junction protein, and CD81 link to create a complex, priming them for later HCV infection processes ... and cell-surface molecules CD81, LDL receptor, SR-BI, DC-SIGN, Claudin-1, and Occludin. The envelope of HCV is similar to very ...
KIT (gene)
KIT has been shown to interact with: APS, BCR, CD63, CD81, CD9, CRK, CRKL, DOK1, FES, GRB10, Grb2, KITLG, LNK, LYN, MATK, MPDZ ... Ashman LK, Cambareri AC, To LB, Levinsky RJ, Juttner CA (July 1991). "Expression of the YB5.B8 antigen (c-kit proto-oncogene ... "Signal transduction-associated and cell activation-linked antigens expressed in human mast cells". International Journal of ...