Shapiro JA (1998). "Thinking about bacterial populations as multicellular organisms" (PDF). Annual Review of Microbiology. 52 ( ... While prokaryotes are considered strictly unicellular, most can form stable aggregate communities. When such communities are ... For a bacterium to bind, take up and recombine donor DNA into its own chromosome, it must first enter a special physiological ... This structural complexity-combined with observations that oxygen limitation (a ubiquitous challenge for anything growing in ...

... or so has produced multiple reports of common phylogenetic patterns in animals and their microbial residents-a phenomenon known ... Its pretty wide open-I think people are just starting to think this way." ... A sharing community. Theres still a number of unanswered questions about how hosts and microbiomes interact-and about how they ... Each population was given Lactobacillus-laced food (left), Acetobacter-laced food (right), or food with no bacterial addition ( ...

These bacterial lipids are stimulants for the innate immune system, and it is thought that people with autoimmune diseases have ... Researchers unravel mysteries of puzzling bacterial signals in our blood. Goldilocks phenomenon could be good or bad, ... The fact that these stimulatory lipids were present in lower levels in MS patients revealed a new level of complexity that ... Periodontal disease is not like having a microbial infection around the teeth where the organisms invade the tissues and cause ...

... of living organisms solving diverse problems and propose competent navigation in arbitrary spaces as an invariant for thinking ... B) Physiological space is the space of possible physiological states, simplified to just three parameters such as intracellular ... Rosen, R. On Information and Complexity. In Complexity, Language, and Life: Mathematical Approaches; Casti, J.L., Karlqvist, A ... It is usually thought to be a descriptive view of a physical process (although, see the work on dynamic adaptation in ...

... of cells in the human body are bacterial, fungal, or otherwise non-human. Although many have concluded that bacteria surely ... The complexity and stability of the microbial community are dependent on the specific characteristics of the skin site. This ... Diversity of human vaginal bacterial communities and associations with clinically defined bacterial vaginosis. Appl Environ ... Metagenomic communities may cause disease. For more than a century, researchers have confined their thinking to Kochs ...

Discover the microbial basis for human identity & how our evolutionary trajectory was shaped by honey consumption. Explore ... These old-growth microbial communities, perhaps a byproduct of millions of years of coevolution, are capable of contributing a ... We now know that we are more microbial than human. Constituted by at least 10 times more bacterial, viral, and fungal cells ... While we often think of our "cave man" ancestors as being shaped primarily by their "meat-based" diet, and the harnessing of ...

To discern drivers of microbial community assembly and function, we recognize the need for a conceptual, quantitative framework ... To discern drivers of microbial community assembly and function, we recognize the need for a conceptual, quantitative framework ... This type of causal and mechanistic understanding will make predictions of microbial community behavior more robust and ... This type of causal and mechanistic understanding will make predictions of microbial community behavior more robust and ...

Yet another layer of complexity has been added to the lowly bacterial cell. It has been discovered they can undergo genetic ... 1 The microbiome is a microbial community occupying a specific habitat, such as bacteria... ... Some readers might think the answer to this question is so obvious that maybe were offering it as a kind of joke-but its no ... Recently, with the aid of a phenomenon called gravitational lensing, the Hubble took a... ...

We used to think that our fate was in the stars. Now we know, in large measure, our fate is in our genes. ... It is based on misconceptions that organisms are machines, and on a denial of the complexity and flexibility of the organic ... Directed mutation, or adaptive mutation, is a phenomenon first discovered in bacteria some 25 years ago, and is now found in ... Genes can get silenced under certain physiological conditions, and this state can be passed on to all daughter cells. According ...

... and metabolic cross-feeding phenomena enhance the complexity of the gut bacterial ecosystems. The true challenge is, thus, to ... In vitro gut models allow for study of the mechanistic effects of dietary, microbial, drug, and physiological factors on gut ... The first will provide access to the functional gene composition of microbial communities, while the second will allow for the ... Please let us know what you think of our products and services. ... colon and do not reach the high bacterial density and microbial ...

Gastric microbial community profiling reveals a dysbiotic cancer-associated microbiota. Gut 2018;67:226-36.doi:10.1136/gutjnl- ... Additionally, the complexity of those interactions raise the question about the level of our current understanding and ... Bacterial endotoxin activity in guman serum is associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, obesity, and chronic ... a phenomenon contributing to maintain anaerobic condition in the gut lumen. As depicted on the right part of the figure, during ...

A near universal truth for these diverse ecosystems is that bacteria live in complex microbial communities, interacting and ... Drug resistance in cancer was once thought to be solely due to the selection of pre-existing mutant cancer cells. However, the ... New Ways of Terminating Bacterial Gene Expression. $960,000. A comprehensive understanding of how bacteria control gene ... Are molecular mis-interactions a major constraint on the evolution of cellular and genomic complexity?. $960,000 ...

Microbiome is a microbial community. You may wince and say, ?Josh, do we need another word?? but microbes have a big part to ... The first distinction is between complexity at the level of individuals and complexity at the level of populations. The second ... These genes are embedded in the bacterial chromosome but do not obviously confer resistance, because their level of expression ... fluxomics: In our modern omics era, metabolic flux analysis (fluxomics) represents the physiological counterpart of its ...

Butyric acid is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) from the microbial community that involves in a series of cellular processes in ... Inflamm-aging was firstly theorized in the 2000s as a phenomenon involved in the age-related deterioration of physiological ... It is thought that for the first eight decades of life, a correct lifestyle is a stronger determinant of health and life span ... In any case, the complexity of ADs etiopathogenesis demands multiple therapeutic strategies that can be proposed according to ...

Referring to the bacterial stress response and related phenomenon, one biologist notes that: "[t]heres a tendency to think of ... and/or physiological changes against various fitness-threatening phenomena: harmful chemicals, extreme temperatures, starvation ... Language necessarily limits the ability to capture molecular, biochemical, and ecological complexity and sophistication ... I note some examples of microbial behaviors and mechanisms that fit the cosmopolitan criteria. If my arguments are successful, ...

One way to get around the conclusion that bacteria think the way humans think is to say that all the complexity in the world ... arent yet really thinking. But University of Chicago microbial geneticist James Shapiro believes they come extremely close. He ... They found that the communities in the rocks were clearly distinct from the sorts of bacteria common in seawater and, as Mason ... These phenomena, Herbert Levines group argues, reveal a capacity for language long considered unique to humans. ...

The amino acid metabolism is the most important physiological phenomenon, and studies indicate that disorders in amino acid ... Metagenomics is a sophisticated sequencing technology that examines the microbial communities in the human body. The most ... While diet and sedentary lifestyles are predominately thought of as an obvious explanation for the rise of obesity, genome ... An important discovery in microbiome studies is the significant effect of dietary changes in bacterial metabolism especially in ...

"The increasing incidence of autoimmune disease is due to considerable shifts in the bacterial communities resident the gut, ... This phenomenon is proposed to account for some of the dramatic rise in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders in parts of the ... This thought process is not coming from thin air (although many would claim thats what resides between my ears) ... This is why the very earliest microbial exposures - VAGINAL BIRTHS and BREAST-FEEDING YOUR BABIES - is so darn important! And ...

Recipient factors and donor-recipient complementarity, encompassing entire microbial communities to individual strains, were ... We quantified strain-level dynamics of 1,089 microbial species, complemented by 47,548 newly constructed metagenome-assembled ... This phenomenon was observed across microbial resolutions, from community-level effects to conspecific strain population ... We hypothesized that drivers of FMT response are best studied from an ecological perspective:33,34,35 FMTs can be thought of as ...

Shapiro JA (1998). "Thinking about bacterial populations as multicellular organisms". Annual Review of Microbiology. 52: 81-104 ... Pattern formation and self-organization in microbial systems is an intriguing phenomenon and reflects social behaviors of ... Ben-Jacob E, Shochet O, Tenenbaum A, Avidan O (1995). "Evolution of complexity during growth of bacterial colonies.". In Cladis ... These two pattern-forming Paenibacillus strains exhibit many distinct physiological and genetic traits, including β- ...

For obligate microbial symbionts, anatomical and physiological integration are evident but generally without trafficking of ... An interesting phenomenon is dependence - where the host cannot live without the symbiont for reasons other than the services ... Miller IM (1990) Bacterial leaf nodule symbiosis. In: Callow JA (Ed.) Advances in Botanical Research. Academic Press, Vol 17 ... Recombination has played such a large role in plant CIEs that their relatively slow rate of molecular evolution is thought to ...

In general, Im interested in their role in complex microbial communities and how this relates to host health. I would like to ... My project lies at the interface of basic and translational biology, where I aim to understand the complexity of microbial ... Behavior and thought emerge through the patterned co-activity of neurons that is propagated across the brain on a time scale of ... These phenomena are used for many purposes and Im trying to control what color these materials emit by understanding how the ...

I can demonstrate the phenomenon with a $200 instrument called a pinhole camera. You just drill a hole in the lens cap and tape ... There are a number of studies on the use of chitosan for the vectorization of remedies, for their anti-microbial activity, for ... Think of this as an invisible invasion transforming you from a human to a synthetic entity. ... The body reacts to these different energies and physiological changes can occur ». Viktor Stepanovich Grebennikov in an article ...

... of such age-dependent interactive phenomena is perhaps not yet sufficiently recognized by the broader plant science community. ... barcoded bacterial mutants. Infected host cells and barcodes of intracellular bacterial mutants are both captured by scRNA-seq ... Detection of microbial pathogens is a primary function of many mammalian immune proteins. This is accomplished through the ... Throughout, recent findings with viral systems are highlighted as an illustration of the complexity of the interactions. It ...

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Our results show that different environmental conditions and bacterial and fungal communities prevail among the three stream ... A preponderance of signatures of balancing selection at blood group-related genes is thought to be driven by inherent trade- ... Together, we show the realized physiological niche of a key murine gut sulfidogen and its interactions with selected gut ... Our results show that metabolic complexity can increase during endosymbiont evolution, adding an additional perspective for ...

Changes in bacterial community structure in seawater mesocosms differing in their nutrient status. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 19 ... The diversity and complexity of the ecology of human parasites and their ability to cause infection and disease constitute a ... These changes include phenomena such as inputs of novel organic substances, disruption of natural linkages, removal of riparian ... Outbreaks have also resulted from foods such as raw milk and poultry, although improper food handling is thought to account for ...

Bacterial Vaginosis and HIV/AIDS. Bacterial vaginosis is a condition caused by an alteration in the genital tract flora in ... G. Mor and I. Cardenas, "The immune system in pregnancy: a unique complexity," The American Journal of Reproductive Immunology ... M. W. Russell and J. Mestecky, "Humoral immune responses to microbial infections in the genital tract," Microbes and Infection ... A recent review brought an interesting thought that could help explain the low infection-to-exposure ratio and the selection of ...

You can also think of minors. But in my mind if you love biomolecular motors, you may fit well as an applied scientist. I think ... Question: I want to know more about microbial fuel cells and if they are a feasible solution to generate electricity that can ... This is common - and here is a mile high view: Scientists discover some new phenomena or material and study it for a while. ... if you are interested in modeling bacterial cell growth dynamics in a bioreactor, for example, you may get that in a typical ...