Gallbladder Cancer in the 21st Century
For example, two exceptions in the literature are the following: (a) if main portal vein invasion is present, then portal vein ... The extent of hepatic resection depends on involvement of the major hepatic arterial or portal venous structures. Involvement ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is overexpressed in biliary tract cancers and has been proposed as a therapeutic ... and superior mesenteric artery lymph node). For T2-T4 disease, N1 and N2 regional lymph node dissection is indicated [1]. The ...