Cat cognitive support diets - Wikipedia
Omega-3 fatty acid also aids in uptake of glucose in the brain which is needed for energy for cognitive health. Though no ... Cognition claims appear primarily on kitten diets which include elevated levels of nutrients associated with optimal brain ... but also serves a role in the synthesis of structural and functional brain cell components such as cholesterol, amino acids, ... all of which play a direct or indirect role in energy metabolism and cellular functions. The role of each vitamin in mammalian ...
Nutrition and cognition - Wikipedia
DNA synthesis, myelin synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and neurotransmitter synthesis and metabolism are all biological ... Zeisel SH, da Costa KA (November 2009). "Choline: an essential nutrient for public health". Nutrition Reviews. 67 (11): 615-623 ... Inadequate macronutrient consumption or proportion could impair optimal cognitive functioning and have long-term health ... Through digestion dietary proteins are broken down into individual amino acids and absorbed into the blood. The essential amino ...
Puppy nutrition - Wikipedia
Fat is a nutrient that provides more energy per gram than all other nutrients. Fat provides 9.4kcal/g of gross energy (GE) ... Ensuring optimal energy intake allows the diet to meet the high energy demands of puppies while avoiding over nutrition, over- ... Amino acid and nitrogen requirements decrease between 10-14 weeks, indicating that different protein levels are often ... In addition to visual estimates of body condition, physical palpation of the pet can provide insight on general health and ...
Metabolism - Wikipedia
Amino acids also contribute to cellular energy metabolism by providing a carbon source for entry into the citric acid cycle ( ... lack all amino acid synthesis and take their amino acids directly from their hosts. All amino acids are synthesized from ... "Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease". Endocrine Reviews. 39 (4): ... For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The basal metabolic ...
Leucine - Wikipedia
Like valine and isoleucine, leucine is a branched-chain amino acid. The primary metabolic end products of leucine metabolism ... Leucine is a dietary amino acid with the capacity to directly stimulate myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis. This effect of ... February 2018). "Restoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched-chain amino acids". The Journal of ... Institute of Medicine (2002). "Protein and Amino Acids". Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Fat, Fatty ...
Plant secondary metabolism - Wikipedia
In any case, a good balance between products of primary and secondary metabolism is best for a plants optimal growth and ... They do this by transferring some of the light energy they absorb to chlorophylls, which then uses this energy for ... and amino acids. Specialized compounds from secondary metabolism are essential for communicating with other organisms in ... making phytic acid an anti-nutrient. There is a lot of concern with phytic acids in nuts and seeds because of its anti-nutrient ...
Creatine - Wikipedia
Creatine is not an essential nutrient. It is an amino acid derivative, naturally produced in the human body from the amino ... Clinically, there are three distinct disorders of creatine metabolism. Deficiencies in the two synthesis enzymes can cause L- ... Creatine is transported through the blood and taken up by tissues with high energy demands, such as the brain and skeletal ... A clear pharmacokinetic profile would need to be established prior to optimal clinical dosing. An approximation of 0.3 g/kg/day ...
Azotobacter - Wikipedia
The synthesis of DNA and nitrogen fixation are initiated 5 hours after the addition of glucose to a nitrogen-free nutrient ... The shape of the cell is affected by the amino acid glycine, which is present in the nutrient medium peptone. Under ... The optimal pH for the growth and nitrogen fixation is 7.0-7.5, but growth is sustained in the pH range from 4.8 to 8.5. ... The colored grains are composed of volutin, whereas the colorless inclusions are drops of fat, which act as energy reserves. ...
Cat food - Wikipedia
Energy density must also be maintained relative to the other nutrients. When vegetable oil is used to maintain the energy ... antioxidants and fatty acids are important in maintaining gastrointestinal health. To achieve optimal cellular health ( ... Lean muscle is the driver of basal energy metabolism and aids in the use of energy. When sufficient levels of fat are provided ... Another nutrient important for weight control diets is protein and its component amino acids. Felines, being obligate ...
Human nutrition - Wikipedia
"Utilization of Proteins in Energy Metabolism". In Ira Wolinsky, Judy A. Driskell (ed.). Sports Nutrition: Energy metabolism and ... Poor health can be caused by a lack of required nutrients, or for some vitamins and minerals, too much of a required nutrient. ... About twenty amino acids are found in the human body, and about ten of these are essential. The synthesis of some amino acids ... Stunting and other forms of undernutrition reduces a childs chance of survival and hinders their optimal growth and health. ...
Protein combining - Wikipedia
Protein nutrition is complex because any proteinogenic amino acid may be the limiting factor in metabolism. Mixing livestock ... Joint WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation (2007). "Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition" (PDF). World Health ... then it will limit the utilization of other amino acids and thus prevent the normal rates of synthesis even when the total ... "Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in Vegetarian Diets-A Review". Nutrients. 11 (11): 2661. doi:10.3390/nu11112661. ISSN 2072-6643 ...
Life - Wikipedia
... produce energy, provide food, and maintain and enhance human health and the environment. Biology, the study of life ... sunlight or chemical energy), water, heat, atmosphere, gravity, nutrients, and ultraviolet solar radiation protection. In most ... the basic units of life Metabolism: transformation of energy, used to convert chemicals into cellular components (anabolism) ... A sequence of amino acids is assembled and joined based upon gene expression of the cells nucleic acid. In eukaryotic cells, ...
Dietary supplement - Wikipedia
... century on identifying individual nutrients in food and developing ways to manufacture them raised hopes that optimal health ... The non-essential amino acid arginine, consumed in sufficient amounts, is thought to act as a donor for the synthesis of nitric ... "Dietary Reference Intakes for Energy, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Fat, Fatty Acids, Cholesterol, Protein and Amino Acids". Institute ... "Oral Magnesium Supplementation for Treating Glucose Metabolism Parameters in People with or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic ...
Interleukin 19 - Wikipedia
... a protein complex that functions as a nutrient/energy /redox sensor and controls protein synthesis), or mTORC1 in osteocytes ... IL-19 is associated with broad functions across inflammation, cell development, viral responses, and lipid metabolism. As an ... The IL-19 protein is composed of 159 amino acids and has a quaternary structure with alpha helix motifs and loops. IL-19 is ... Osteocytes are the most abundant cells in the bone and they are responsible for bone health. Osteocytes are important ...
Protein (nutrient) - Wikipedia
There are nine essential amino acids which humans must obtain from their diet in order to prevent protein-energy malnutrition ... "Protein consumption and the elderly: what is the optimal level of intake?." Nutrients 8.6 (2016): 359. Phillips SM, Van Loon LJ ... However, this recommendation is based on structural requirements but disregards use of protein for energy metabolism. This ... There are six conditionally essential amino acids whose synthesis can be limited under special pathophysiological conditions, ...
Magnesium in biology - Wikipedia
During the day, the chloroplast is actively harvesting the energy of light and converting it into chemical energy. The ... As with most nutrients, daily needs for magnesium are unlikely to be met by one serving of any single food. Eating a wide ... Supplements based on amino acid chelates (such as glycinate, lysinate etc.) are much better-tolerated by the digestive system ... In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis. A balance of magnesium is vital to the well- ...
Lipid - Wikipedia
Health Study, and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, revealed no such links. None of these studies suggested any ... The energy yield of the complete oxidation of the fatty acid palmitate is 106 ATP.: 625-6 Unsaturated and odd-chain fatty acids ... "DHA for Optimal Brain and Visual Functioning". DHA/EPA Omega-3 Institute. Fezza F, De Simone C, Amadio D, Maccarrone M (2008 ... This involves the synthesis of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and the esterification of fatty acids in the production of ...
Homeostasis - Wikipedia
... energy utilization, osmolarity and blood pressure. The regulation of metabolism, is carried out by hypothalamic ... Thus, nutrients have become the limiting factor, and plankton levels have actually fallen over the past 50 years, not risen. As ... Too much bile acid can be toxic to cells and its synthesis can be inhibited by activation of FXR a nuclear receptor. At the ... Controlling iron levels in the body is a critically important part of many aspects of human health and disease. In humans iron ...
Plant nutrients in soil - Wikipedia
... but are essential to plant health in that most are required parts of enzyme systems which are involved in plant metabolism. ... In nitrogen fixation, rhizobium bacteria convert N2 to ammonia (NH3), which is rapidly converted to amino acids, parts of which ... Soil magnesium concentrations are generally sufficient for optimal plant growth, but highly weathered and sandy soils may be ... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency. pp. 39-45. Retrieved 15 October 2023. Lawrence, Gregory B.; David, Mark B ...
N-Acylethanolamine - Wikipedia
Cota D (2008). "Role of the endocannabinoid system in energy balance regulation and obesity". Obesity and Metabolism. Frontiers ... that the optimal low ratio, may vary with the specific disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimate hemp, a culture ... bonds from the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of the other amino acid), and peptides from the heat of the ... The N-acylethanolamine synthesis pathway is one of the non-oxidative pathways in which the mainly fish oil derived n−3 long- ...
Senior dog diet - Wikipedia
To ensure good health, it is important to provide dogs with the 22 amino acids which they require. Of these 22 amino acids, 12 ... Effects of graded levels of dietary beet pulp on nutrient intake, digestability, metabolizable energy and digesta mean ... crucial in pet diets that the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids is properly balanced in order to achieve optimal health. ... Mitochondrial aerobic metabolism is thought to be the largest source of reactive oxidative species. As the mitochondria age ...
Iodine - Wikipedia
As the heaviest essential mineral nutrient, iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency affects ... World Health Organization (2009). Stuart MC, Kouimtzi M, Hill SR (eds.). WHO Model Formulary 2008. World Health Organization. p ... By the same token, however, since iodine has the lowest ionisation energy among the halogens and is the most easily oxidised of ... The higher recommended daily allowance levels of iodine seem necessary for optimal function of a number of body systems, ...
Vitamin C - Wikipedia
"TABLE 1: Nutrient Intakes from Food and Beverages" (PDF). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: What We Eat in ... energy-yielding metabolism (ID 135), and relief in case of irritation in the upper respiratory tract (ID 1714, 1715) pursuant ... Briefly, his position was that for optimal health, humans should be consuming at least 2,300 mg/day to compensate for the ... These functions include the synthesis of collagen, carnitine, and neurotransmitters; the synthesis and catabolism of tyrosine; ...
Algae fuel - Wikipedia
US Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Biomass Program. Retrieved 3 April 2014. Sheehan J ... These commercially available nutrient solutions may reduce time for preparing all the nutrients required to grow algae. However ... This result indicates that phosphorus, in the form of phosphate, is required in high amounts by all organisms for metabolism. ... "Selection of Optimal Microalgae Species for CO2 Sequestration". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) ...
Biometal (biology) - Wikipedia
It is present in every type of cell in the brain as the brain itself has a very high energy requirement and by extension a very ... In plants, potassium plays a key role in maintaining plant health. High concentrations of potassium in plants play a key role ... The third way it can act as a carcinogen is by functioning as an essential nutrient for unrestricted proliferation of tumor ... These processes play into the larger part of cell structure and metabolism. Magnesium is the most abundant free cation in plant ...
Cyanobacteria - Wikipedia
Cyanobacteria use the energy of sunlight to drive photosynthesis, a process where the energy of light is used to synthesize ... toxins and childrens health". Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care. 44 (1): 2-24. doi:10.1016/j.cppeds. ... Smith A (1973). "Synthesis of metabolic intermediates". In Carr NG, Whitton BA (eds.). The Biology of Blue-green Algae. ... The carbon metabolism of cyanobacteria include the incomplete Krebs cycle, the pentose phosphate pathway, and glycolysis. There ...
Women in climate change - Wikipedia
... health and socioeconomic inequities. Sirintornthep Towprayoon: Associate Professor at the Joint Graduate School of Energy and ... Nana Ama Browne Klutse, Ph.D (South Afruca) , Department of physics". www.ug.edu.gh. Retrieved 2021-10-04. "Sari Kovats". LSHTM ... Her Rutgers research group focuses on the sources and transport of nutrients (N, C, P) in watersheds and airsheds and their ... "Carolina Dubeux , Metabolism of Cities". archive.metabolismofcities.org. Retrieved 2021-10-04. "Kristie Ebi , University of ...
Sports nutrition - Wikipedia
For the purpose of protein synthesis, protein or individual amino acids are ingested as well. Branched-chain amino acids are ... Category:Dietary supplements Energy bar Protein (nutrient) Sports drink Multivitamin Bodybuilding Bodybuilding supplements High ... The findings show that there are no substantial benefits from the extra intake of these supplements, yet higher health risks ... He advises for carbohydrates to be unprocessed and/or whole grains for optimal performance while training. These carbohydrates ...
Raw feeding - Wikipedia
... especially when that animal has specific health issues. Some raw dog diets have been found to be low in the nutrients vitamin E ... a reducing sugar binds to the amino group on the amino acids, making the amino acids unavailable to the animal. The amino acid ... Lysine plays a major role in the body including in protein synthesis, as well as carnitine synthesis and obligatory oxidation. ... Supplements aid in providing the animal with a high quality, complete and optimal diet. Supplements may also be useful in ...
Neuroenhancement - Wikipedia
and other nutrients and phytonutrients Muscaritoli, Maurizio (2021). "The Impact of Nutrients on Mental Health and Well-Being: ... Rebelos, Eleni; Rinne, Juha O.; Nuutila, Pirjo; Ekblad, Laura L. (January 2021). "Brain Glucose Metabolism in Health, Obesity, ... Nutrients. 14 (3): 614. doi:10.3390/nu14030614. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 8840038. PMID 35276975. Sarkar, Amar; Harty, Siobhán; Lehto ... The dietary component glucose (and its glycogen form) is the main energy source for the brain, with some researchers ...