Capitalism is an economic system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. The following are some key features of capitalism:

1. Private property: In capitalism, individuals and businesses own and control the means of production, such as factories, machines, and resources. They can use and dispose of these assets as they see fit, as long as they do not violate the rights of others.
2. Profit motive: The primary goal of capitalist enterprises is to make a profit. Businesses seek to maximize their profits by selling goods and services at the highest possible price while keeping costs low.
3. Competition: Capitalism thrives on competition between businesses. Companies strive to outperform their rivals by offering better products, lower prices, or more efficient production methods. This competition drives innovation and economic growth.
4. Free market: In a capitalist system, the market is largely free from government intervention. Prices are determined by supply and demand, and businesses are generally free to enter and exit markets as they please.
5. Limited government: Capitalism typically involves limited government involvement in the economy. The role of the state is usually restricted to protecting property rights, enforcing contracts, and providing public goods such as defense and infrastructure.

It's important to note that there are different forms of capitalism, ranging from laissez-faire capitalism, which advocates for minimal government intervention, to more regulated forms that allow for greater state involvement in the economy. The specific form that a country adopts depends on its cultural, historical, and political context.