Vascular endothelial growth factor d. Medical search. Definitions

A vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-2 and VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-3. In addition to being an angiogenic factor it can act on LYMPHATIC VESSELS to stimulate LYMPHANGIOGENESIS. It is similar in structure to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR C in that they both contain N- and C-terminal extensions that were not found in other VEGF family members.

The original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A was originally isolated from tumor cells and referred to as "tumor angiogenesis factor" and "vascular permeability factor". Although expressed at high levels in certain tumor-derived cells it is produced by a wide variety of cell types. In addition to stimulating vascular growth and vascular permeability it may play a role in stimulating VASODILATION via NITRIC OXIDE-dependent pathways. Alternative splicing of the mRNA for vascular endothelial growth factor A results in several isoforms of the protein being produced.

A family of angiogenic proteins that are closely-related to VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A. They play an important role in the growth and differentiation of vascular as well as lymphatic endothelial cells.

A serum protein which is important in the ALTERNATIVE COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION PATHWAY. This enzyme cleaves the COMPLEMENT C3B-bound COMPLEMENT FACTOR B to form C3bBb which is ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY C3 CONVERTASE.

These growth factors are soluble mitogens secreted by a variety of organs. The factors are a mixture of two single chain polypeptides which have affinity to heparin. Their molecular weight are organ and species dependent. They have mitogenic and chemotactic effects and can stimulate endothelial cells to grow and synthesize DNA. The factors are related to both the basic and acidic FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTORS but have different amino acid sequences.

A 200-230-kDa tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors found primarily in endothelial and hematopoietic cells and their precursors. VEGFR-2 is important for vascular and hematopoietic development, and mediates almost all endothelial cell responses to VEGF.

A family of closely related RECEPTOR PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES that bind vascular endothelial growth factors. They share a cluster of seven extracellular Ig-like domains which are important for ligand binding. They are highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells and are critical for the physiological and pathological growth, development and maintenance of blood and lymphatic vessels.

Soluble protein factors generated by activated lymphocytes that affect other cells, primarily those involved in cellular immunity.

A 180-kDa VEGF receptor found primarily in endothelial cells that is essential for vasculogenesis and vascular maintenance. It is also known as Flt-1 (fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor-1). A soluble, alternatively spliced isoform of the receptor may serve as a binding protein that regulates the availability of various ligands for VEGF receptor binding and signal transduction.

A cutaneous disorder primarily of convexities of the central part of the FACE, such as FOREHEAD; CHEEK; NOSE; and CHIN. It is characterized by FLUSHING; ERYTHEMA; EDEMA; RHINOPHYMA; papules; and ocular symptoms. It may occur at any age but typically after age 30. There are various subtypes of rosacea: erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular, phymatous, and ocular (National Rosacea Society's Expert Committee on the Classification and Staging of Rosacea, J Am Acad Dermatol 2002; 46:584-7).

Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of causes.

Facial dermatoses refers to various skin conditions that affect the face, causing symptoms such as redness, inflammation, papules, pustules, scaling, or pigmentation changes, which can be caused by a range of factors including genetics, infections, allergies, and environmental factors.

Permanent dilation of preexisting blood vessels (CAPILLARIES; ARTERIOLES; VENULES) creating small focal red lesions, most commonly in the skin or mucous membranes. It is characterized by the prominence of skin blood vessels, such as vascular spiders.

Adverse cutaneous reactions caused by ingestion, parenteral use, or local application of a drug. These may assume various morphologic patterns and produce various types of lesions.

Drugs used to treat or prevent skin disorders or for the routine care of skin.

Infestations with arthropods of the subclass ACARI, superorder Acariformes.

c-fos-induced growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor D induces angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. (1/188)

c-fos-induced growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor D (Figf/Vegf-D) is a secreted factor of the VEGF family that binds to the vessel and lymphatic receptors VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. Here we report that Figf/Vegf-D is a potent angiogenic factor in rabbit cornea in vivo in a dose-dependent manner. In vitro Figf/Vegf-D induces tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 in primary human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in an immortal cell line derived from Kaposi's sarcoma lesion (KS-IMM). The treatment of HUVECs with Figf/Vegf-D induces dose-dependent cell growth. Figf/VEGF-D also induces HUVEC elongation and branching to form an extensive network of capillary-like cords in three-dimensional matrix. In KS-IMM cells Figf/Vegf-D treatment results in dose-dependent mitogenic and motogenic activities. Taken together with the previous observations that Figf/Vegf-D expression is under the control of the nuclear oncogene c-fos, our data uncover a link between a nuclear oncogene and angiogenesis, suggesting that Figf/Vegf-D may play a critical role in tumor cell growth and invasion. (+info)

Biosynthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor-D involves proteolytic processing which generates non-covalent homodimers. (2/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) binds and activates the endothelial cell tyrosine kinase receptors VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), is mitogenic for endothelial cells, and shares structural homology and receptor specificity with VEGF-C. The primary translation product of VEGF-D has long N- and C-terminal polypeptide extensions in addition to a central VEGF homology domain (VHD). The VHD of VEGF-D is sufficient to bind and activate VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3. Here we report that VEGF-D is proteolytically processed to release the VHD. Studies in 293EBNA cells demonstrated that VEGF-D undergoes N- and C-terminal cleavage events to produce numerous secreted polypeptides including a fully processed form of M(r) approximately 21,000 consisting only of the VHD, which is predominantly a non-covalent dimer. Biosensor analysis demonstrated that the VHD has approximately 290- and approximately 40-fold greater affinity for VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, respectively, compared with unprocessed VEGF-D. In situ hybridization demonstrated that embryonic lung is a major site of expression of the VEGF-D gene. Processed forms of VEGF-D were detected in embryonic lung indicating that VEGF-D is proteolytically processed in vivo. (+info)

A mutant form of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that lacks VEGF receptor-2 activation retains the ability to induce vascular permeability. (3/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major mediator of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis both during development and in pathological conditions. VEGF has a variety of effects on vascular endothelium, including the ability to stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesis, and the potent induction of vascular permeability. These activities are at least in part mediated by binding to two high affinity receptors, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. In this study we have made mutations of mouse VEGF in order to define the regions that are required for VEGFR-2-mediated functions. Development of a bioassay, which responds only to signals generated by cross-linking of VEGFR-2, has allowed evaluation of these mutants for their ability to activate VEGFR-2. One mutant (VEGF0), which had amino acids 83-89 of VEGF substituted with the analogous region of the related placenta growth factor, demonstrated significantly reduced VEGFR-2 binding compared with wild type VEGF, indicating that this region was required for VEGF-VEGFR-2 interaction. Intriguingly, when this mutant was evaluated in a Miles assay for its ability to induce vascular permeability, no difference was found when compared with wild type VEGF. In addition we have shown that the VEGF homology domain of the structurally related growth factor VEGF-D is capable of binding to and activating VEGFR-2 but has no vascular permeability activity, indicating that VEGFR-2 binding does not correlate with permeability activity for all VEGF family members. These data suggest different mechanisms for VEGF-mediated mitogenesis and vascular permeability and raise the possibility of an alternative receptor mediating vascular permeability. (+info)

Monoclonal antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor-D block its interactions with both VEGF receptor-2 and VEGF receptor-3. (4/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D), the most recently discovered mammalian member of the VEGF family, is an angiogenic protein that activates VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2/Flk1/KDR) and VEGFR-3 (Flt4). These receptor tyrosine kinases, localized on vascular and lymphatic endothelial cells, signal for angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. VEGF-D consists of a central receptor-binding VEGF homology domain (VHD) and N-terminal and C-terminal propeptides that are cleaved from the VHD to generate a mature, bioactive form consisting of dimers of the VHD. Here we report characterization of mAbs raised to the VHD of human VEGF-D in order to generate VEGF-D antagonists. The mAbs bind the fully processed VHD with high affinity and also bind unprocessed VEGF-D. We demonstrate, using bioassays for the binding and cross-linking of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 and biosensor analysis with immobilized receptors, that one of the mAbs, designated VD1, is able to compete potently with mature VEGF-D for binding to both VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 for binding to mature VEGF-D. This indicates that the binding epitopes on VEGF-D for these two receptors may be in close proximity. Furthermore, VD1 blocks the mitogenic response of human microvascular endothelial cells to VEGF-D. The anti-(VEGF-D) mAbs raised to the bioactive region of this growth factor will be powerful tools for analysis of the biological functions of VEGF-D. (+info)

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factors A, B, C, and D and their relationships to lymph node status in lung adenocarcinoma. (5/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) C and D are novel members of the VEGF family that show some selectivity toward lymphatic endothelial cells. Recent studies suggest that VEGF-C may be involved in lymphangiogenesis and spread of cancer cells via lymphatic vessels. However, whether other VEGF family members play a role in lymph node metastasis is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore whether expressions of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D are correlated with lymph node status in lung adenocarcinoma. Total RNA was isolated from 60 surgical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma with (n = 27) or without (n = 33) lymph node metastasis. The relative mRNA abundance of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D was measured by real-time reverse transcription-PCR analysis based on TaqMan fluorescence methodology. We found that, as single factors, expression of none of the four VEGF family members clearly correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. The only tendency noted was for higher VEGF-B and VEGF-C and lower VEGF-D levels in the node-positive group. However, two-way scatterplot analysis revealed that tumors with lymph node metastasis were associated with a pattern of low VEGF-D and high VEGF-A, VEGF-B, or VEGF-C, such that the ratios of VEGF-D:VEGF-A, VEGF-D:VEGF-B, or VEGF-D:VEGF-C were significantly lower in the node-positive group. Strikingly, none of the 11 tumors with high VEGF-D levels metastasized to lymph nodes. Furthermore, a low VEGF-D:VEGF-C ratio correlated with the presence of lymphatic invasion, and six of seven tumors with a pattern of very high expression of VEGF-C and low expression of VEGF-D displayed lymph vessel invasion that extended along the bronchovascular tree beyond the main tumor. Finally, levels of VEGF-A, but not VEGF-B or VEGF-C, were higher in tumors with large nodal metastasis (> or = 1 cm) than in those with small (< 1 cm) nodal metastasis. These results support the hypothesis that two VEGF family members are involved in lymph node metastasis at two distinct steps; VEGF-C facilitates entry of cancer cells into the lymph vasculature, whereas VEGF-A promotes the growth of metastatic tumor through angiogenesis. The results also suggest that the balance between VEGF-C and VEGF-D could be important rather than the level of VEGF-C alone. Whether a low VEGF-D level plays a causative role in lymph node metastasis requires further investigation. (+info)

VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression in neuroendocrine cells and their receptor, VEGFR-3, in fenestrated blood vessels in human tissues. (6/188)

Recently, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) has been shown to provide a specific marker for lymphatic endothelia in certain human tissues. In this study, we have investigated the expression of VEGFR-3 and its ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D in fetal and adult tissues. VEGFR-3 was consistently detected in the endothelium of lymphatic vessels such as the thoracic duct, but fenestrated capillaries of several organs including the bone marrow, splenic and hepatic sinusoids, kidney glomeruli and endocrine glands also expressed this receptor. VEGF-C and VEGF-D, which bind both VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 were expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells. In addition, intense cytoplasmic staining for VEGF-C was observed in neuroendocrine cells such as the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans, prolactin secreting cells of the anterior pituitary, adrenal medullary cells, and dispersed neuroendocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract. VEGF-D was observed in the innermost zone of the adrenal cortex and in certain dispersed neuroendocrine cells. These results suggest that VEGF-C and VEGF-D have a paracrine function and perhaps a role in peptide release from secretory granules of certain neuroendocrine cells to surrounding capillaries. (+info)

In fibroblasts Vegf-D expression is induced by cell-cell contact mediated by cadherin-11. (7/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are a highly conserved family of growth factors all angiogenic in vivo with mitogenic and chemotactic activity on endothelial cells. VEGFs are expressed in fibroblasts either in hypoxia or in response to growth factors. Here we report that, differently from the other members of the family, Vegf-D is induced by cell-cell contact. By in situ hybridization we demonstrated that noninteracting fibroblasts express low levels of Vegf-D mRNA, whereas contacting cells express high levels of Vegf-D transcripts. By immunostaining we observed that the surface protein cadherin-11 is localized at the opposite sites of interacting cell surfaces. Ca(2+) deprivation from the culture medium determined the loss of cadherin-11 from the cell surfaces and down-regulation of Vegf-D mRNA. Moreover, a cadherin-11 antisense RNA construct inhibited Vegf-D expression in confluent BALB/c fibroblasts, whereas in NIH 3T3 cells, which express low levels of cadherin-11, Vegf-D induction could be obtained by overexpression of cadherin-11. This suggests that cell interaction mediated by cadherin-11 induces the expression of the angiogenic factor Vegf-D in fibroblasts. (+info)

Signalling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 is sufficient for lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice. (8/188)

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) has an essential role in the development of embryonic blood vessels; however, after midgestation its expression becomes restricted mainly to the developing lymphatic vessels. The VEGFR-3 ligand VEGF-C stimulates lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice and in chick chorioallantoic membrane. As VEGF-C also binds VEGFR-2, which is expressed in lymphatic endothelia, it is not clear which receptors are responsible for the lymphangiogenic effects of VEGF-C. VEGF-D, which binds to the same receptors, has been reported to induce angiogenesis, but its lymphangiogenic potential is not known. In order to define the lymphangiogenic signalling pathway we have created transgenic mice overexpressing a VEGFR-3-specific mutant of VEGF-C (VEGF-C156S) or VEGF-D in epidermal keratinocytes under the keratin 14 promoter. Both transgenes induced the growth of lymphatic vessels in the skin, whereas the blood vessel architecture was not affected. Evidence was also obtained that these growth factors act in a paracrine manner in vivo. These results demonstrate that stimulation of the VEGFR-3 signal transduction pathway is sufficient to induce specifically lymphangiogenesis in vivo. (+info)

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) is a protein that belongs to the family of vascular endothelial growth factors. It plays an essential role in the process of angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. Specifically, VEGFD stimulates the growth and proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells, thereby promoting the development and maintenance of the lymphatic system.

VEGFD binds to its specific receptor, VEGFR-3, which is primarily expressed on the surface of lymphatic endothelial cells. This binding triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately lead to the activation of various genes involved in cell proliferation, migration, and survival.

Dysregulation of VEGFD and its receptor has been implicated in several pathological conditions, including lymphatic malformations, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. In these contexts, the overexpression or aberrant activation of VEGFD can contribute to excessive angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, leading to tissue edema, tumor growth, and metastasis. Therefore, targeting the VEGFD signaling pathway has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various diseases.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) is a specific isoform of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. It is a well-characterized signaling protein that plays a crucial role in angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing vessels. VEGFA stimulates the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels, thereby contributing to the growth and development of new vasculature. This protein is essential for physiological processes such as embryonic development and wound healing, but it has also been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. The regulation of VEGFA expression and activity is critical to maintaining proper vascular function and homeostasis.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (VEGFs) are a family of signaling proteins that stimulate the growth and development of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis. They play crucial roles in both physiological and pathological conditions, such as embryonic development, wound healing, and tumor growth. Specifically, VEGFs bind to specific receptors on the surface of endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels, triggering a cascade of intracellular signaling events that promote cell proliferation, migration, and survival. Dysregulation of VEGF signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.

Complement Factor D is a protein that plays a crucial role in the complement system, which is a part of the immune system that helps to clear pathogens and damaged cells from the body. Specifically, Factor D is a serine protease that is involved in the alternative pathway of the complement system.

In this pathway, Factor D helps to cleave another protein called Factor B, which then activates a complex called the C3 convertase. The C3 convertase cleaves complement component 3 (C3) into C3a and C3b, leading to the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), which creates a pore in the membrane of the target cell, causing its lysis and removal from the body.

Deficiencies or mutations in Complement Factor D can lead to an impaired alternative pathway and increased susceptibility to certain infections, particularly those caused by Neisseria bacteria. Additionally, abnormal regulation of the complement system has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including autoimmune disorders, inflammatory conditions, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Endothelial growth factors (ECGFs or EGFs) are a group of signaling proteins that stimulate the growth, proliferation, and survival of endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels. These growth factors play crucial roles in various physiological processes, including angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), wound healing, and vascular development during embryogenesis.

One of the most well-studied EGFs is the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, which consists of several members like VEGFA, VEGFB, VEGFC, VEGFD, and placental growth factor (PlGF). These factors bind to specific receptors on the surface of endothelial cells, leading to a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately result in cell proliferation, migration, and survival.

Other EGFs include fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). Dysregulation of endothelial growth factors has been implicated in various pathological conditions, such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, understanding the functions and regulation of EGFs is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat these disorders.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor that is primarily expressed on vascular endothelial cells. It is a crucial regulator of angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation from pre-existing vessels. VEGFR-2 is activated by binding to its ligand, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A), leading to receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation. This activation triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that promote endothelial cell proliferation, migration, survival, and vascular permeability, all essential steps in the angiogenic process.

VEGFR-2 plays a significant role in physiological and pathological conditions associated with angiogenesis, such as embryonic development, wound healing, tumor growth, and retinopathies. Inhibition of VEGFR-2 signaling has been an attractive target for anti-angiogenic therapies in various diseases, including cancer and age-related macular degeneration.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors are a type of cell surface receptor that play crucial roles in the process of angiogenesis, which is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones. These receptors bind to VEGF proteins, leading to a cascade of intracellular signaling events that ultimately result in the proliferation, migration, and survival of endothelial cells, which line the interior surface of blood vessels. There are three main types of VEGF receptors: VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3. These receptors have distinct roles in angiogenesis, with VEGFR-2 being the primary mediator of this process. Dysregulation of VEGF signaling has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy, making VEGF receptors important targets for therapeutic intervention.

Lymphokines are a type of cytokines that are produced and released by activated lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell, in response to an antigenic stimulation. They play a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation. Lymphokines can mediate various biological activities such as chemotaxis, activation, proliferation, and differentiation of different immune cells including lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils. Examples of lymphokines include interleukins (ILs), interferons (IFNs), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and colony-stimulating factors (CSFs).

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), also known as Flt-1 (Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), is a receptor tyrosine kinase that plays a crucial role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. It is primarily expressed on vascular endothelial cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and monocytes/macrophages. VEGFR-1 binds to several ligands, including Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A (VEGF-A), VEGF-B, and Placental Growth Factor (PlGF). The binding of these ligands to VEGFR-1 triggers intracellular signaling cascades that modulate various cellular responses, such as proliferation, migration, survival, and vascular permeability. While VEGFR-1 is known to have a role in promoting angiogenesis under certain conditions, it primarily acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis by sequestering VEGF-A, preventing its binding to the more proangiogenic VEGFR-2 receptor. Dysregulation of VEGFR-1 signaling has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer, inflammation, and vascular diseases.

Rosacea is a chronic skin condition primarily characterized by persistent redness, inflammation, and visible blood vessels on the face, particularly the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin. It can also cause small, red, pus-filled bumps. Rosacea typically affects adults between 30 and 50 years old, with fair skin types being more susceptible. The exact cause of rosacea is unknown, but it's believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors, including abnormal facial blood vessels, immune system issues, and certain triggers (such as sun exposure, emotional stress, hot or cold weather, heavy exercise, alcohol consumption, spicy foods, and certain skin care products). There is no cure for rosacea, but various treatments can help control its symptoms and improve the appearance of the skin. These may include topical medications, oral antibiotics, laser therapy, and lifestyle modifications to avoid triggers.

Erythema is a term used in medicine to describe redness of the skin, which occurs as a result of increased blood flow in the superficial capillaries. This redness can be caused by various factors such as inflammation, infection, trauma, or exposure to heat, cold, or ultraviolet radiation. In some cases, erythema may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, warmth, pain, or itching. It is a common finding in many medical conditions and can vary in severity from mild to severe.

Facial dermatoses refer to various skin conditions that affect the face. These can include a wide range of disorders, such as:

1. Acne vulgaris: A common skin condition characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads) and inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules. It primarily affects the face, neck, chest, and back.
2. Rosacea: A chronic skin condition that causes redness, flushing, and visible blood vessels on the face, along with bumps or pimples and sometimes eye irritation.
3. Seborrheic dermatitis: A common inflammatory skin disorder that causes a red, itchy, and flaky rash, often on the scalp, face, and eyebrows. It can also affect other oily areas of the body, like the sides of the nose and behind the ears.
4. Atopic dermatitis (eczema): A chronic inflammatory skin condition that causes red, itchy, and scaly patches on the skin. While it can occur anywhere on the body, it frequently affects the face, especially in infants and young children.
5. Psoriasis: An autoimmune disorder that results in thick, scaly, silvery, or red patches on the skin. It can affect any part of the body, including the face.
6. Contact dermatitis: A skin reaction caused by direct contact with an allergen or irritant, resulting in redness, itching, and inflammation. The face can be affected when allergens or irritants come into contact with the skin through cosmetics, skincare products, or other substances.
7. Lupus erythematosus: An autoimmune disorder that can cause a butterfly-shaped rash on the cheeks and nose, along with other symptoms like joint pain, fatigue, and photosensitivity.
8. Perioral dermatitis: A inflammatory skin condition that causes redness, small bumps, and dryness around the mouth, often mistaken for acne. It can also affect the skin around the nose and eyes.
9. Vitiligo: An autoimmune disorder that results in the loss of pigmentation in patches of skin, which can occur on the face and other parts of the body.
10. Tinea faciei: A fungal infection that affects the facial skin, causing red, scaly, or itchy patches. It is also known as ringworm of the face.

These are just a few examples of skin conditions that can affect the face. If you experience any unusual symptoms or changes in your skin, it's essential to consult a dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Telangiectasia is a medical term that refers to the dilation and widening of small blood vessels called capillaries, leading to their visibility under the skin or mucous membranes. These dilated vessels often appear as tiny red lines or patterns, measuring less than 1 millimeter in diameter.

Telangiectasias can occur in various parts of the body, such as the face, nose, cheeks, legs, and fingers. They are typically harmless but may cause cosmetic concerns for some individuals. In certain cases, telangiectasias can be a sign of an underlying medical condition, like rosacea, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), or liver disease.

It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional if you notice any unusual changes in your skin or mucous membranes, as they can provide appropriate evaluation and treatment recommendations based on the underlying cause of the telangiectasias.

A "drug eruption" is a general term used to describe an adverse skin reaction that occurs as a result of taking a medication. These reactions can vary in severity and appearance, and may include symptoms such as rash, hives, itching, redness, blistering, or peeling of the skin. In some cases, drug eruptions can also cause systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, or joint pain.

The exact mechanism by which drugs cause eruptions is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve an abnormal immune response to the medication. There are many different types of drug eruptions, including morphilliform rashes, urticaria (hives), fixed drug eruptions, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN), which is a severe and potentially life-threatening reaction.

If you suspect that you are experiencing a drug eruption, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. Your healthcare provider can help determine the cause of the reaction and recommend appropriate treatment. In some cases, it may be necessary to discontinue the medication causing the reaction and switch to an alternative therapy.

Dermatologic agents are medications, chemicals, or other substances that are applied to the skin (dermis) for therapeutic or cosmetic purposes. They can be used to treat various skin conditions such as acne, eczema, psoriasis, fungal infections, and wounds. Dermatologic agents include topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, antifungals, retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and many others. They can come in various forms such as creams, ointments, gels, lotions, solutions, and patches. It is important to follow the instructions for use carefully to ensure safety and effectiveness.

Mite infestations refer to the presence and multiplication of mites, which are tiny arthropods belonging to the class Arachnida, on or inside a host's body. This can occur in various sites such as the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, depending on the specific mite species.

Skin infestations by mites, also known as dermatophilosis or mange, are common and may cause conditions like scabies (caused by Sarcoptes scabiei) or demodecosis (caused by Demodex spp.). These conditions can lead to symptoms such as itching, rash, and skin lesions.

Lung infestations by mites, although rare, can occur in people who work in close contact with mites, such as farmers or laboratory workers. This condition is called "mite lung" or "farmer's lung," which is often caused by exposure to high levels of dust containing mite feces and dead mites.

Gastrointestinal infestations by mites can occur in animals but are extremely rare in humans. The most common example is the intestinal roundworm, which belongs to the phylum Nematoda rather than Arachnida.

It's important to note that mite infestations can be treated with appropriate medical interventions and prevention measures.

Proteopedia Vascular_Endothelial_Growth_Factor - the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Structure in Interactive 3D (Wikipedia ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, /vɛdʒˈɛf/), originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a signal ... Ribatti D (2005). "The crucial role of vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor in angiogenesis: a ... "Transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in cancer". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 16 (1): 77-89. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor

... (VEGF-C) is a protein that is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor / vascular ... January 1998). "Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and ... January 2004). "Vascular endothelial growth factor C is required for sprouting of the first lymphatic vessels from embryonic ... January 2003). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression in human gallbladder cancer and its relationship to lymph node ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_C

March 1996). "Vascular endothelial growth factor B, a novel growth factor for endothelial cells". Proceedings of the National ... VEGF-B is a growth factor that belongs to the vascular endothelial growth factor family, of which VEGF-A is the best-known ... Vascular endothelial growth factor B also known as VEGF-B is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the VEGF-B gene. ... "Entrez Gene: VEGFB vascular endothelial growth factor B". Zhang F, Tang Z, Hou X, Lennartsson J, Li Y, Koch AW, et al. (April ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_B

... has been shown to interact with: ADAMTS1, CTGF, and NRP1, Vascular endothelial growth ... This gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and encodes ... "Assignment of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PLGF) genes to human chromosome 6p12-p21 ... "Connective tissue growth factor binds vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis". FASEB ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_A

Page for Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) IRES A at Rfam v t e (GO template errors, Cis-regulatory RNA elements, All ... This family represents the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) A. VEGF is an ... "Two independent internal ribosome entry sites are involved in translation initiation of vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA ... endothelial cell mitogen with many crucial functions such as embryogenic development and wound healing. The 5' UTR of VEGF mRNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_(VEGF)_IRES_A

For instance, the receptor VEGFR-1 can prevent vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from binding to the VEGFR-2 The TNF ... Hugo H. Marti (2013). Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Landes Bioscience. Zalevsky J, Secher T, Ezhevsky SA, et al. (August ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decoy

Vascular endothelial growth factor 1. Isner JM. Therapeutic angiogenesis: a new frontier for vascular therapy. Vasc Med. 1996 1 ... Spatiotemporal control over growth factor signaling for therapeutic neovascularization. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Nov 10;59(13): ... v t e (Angiogenesis, Vascular procedures, All stub articles, Medical treatment stubs). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Therapeutic_angiogenesis

... epidermal growth factor receptor; MoAbs, monoclonal antibodies; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. The major challenge ... factor for BPA in skin of 2.5. A relative biological effectiveness (RBE) or CBE factor of 3.2 has been used in all tissues for ... The RBE factor is used to compare the biologic effectiveness of different types of ionizing radiation. The high-LET components ... From these results, it was concluded that BNCT was effective in locally controlling tumor growth, shrinking tumors, and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_capture_therapy_of_cancer

2020, "Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy". Kuroiwa, Malerbi & Regatieri 2021, "Laser". Flaxel et al. 2020, " ... Dervenis P, Dervenis N, Smith JM, Steel DH (May 2023). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factors in combination with vitrectomy ... Virgili G, Parravano M, Evans JR, Gordon I, Lucenteforte E (October 2018). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ... 2021, "Risk factors, preventive factors, and biomarkers". Forrest IS, Chaudhary K, Paranjpe I, Vy HM, Marquez-Luna C, Rocheleau ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_retinopathy

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FLT1 gene. FLT1 is a member of VEGF ... Shibuya M (2007). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1/Flt-1): a dual regulator for angiogenesis". ... FLT1 has been shown to interact with PLCG1 and vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B). VEGF receptors GRCh38: Ensembl ... Petrova TV, Makinen T, Alitalo K (November 1999). "Signaling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptors". Experimental ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VEGFR1

Lee J, Gray A, Yuan J, Luoh SM, Avraham H, Wood WI (March 1996). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-related protein: a ligand ... This gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors C and D. The protein is thought to be ... Petrova TV, Makinen T, Alitalo K (November 1999). "Signaling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptors". Experimental ... "Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and VEGF receptor 3 ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLT4

"Vascular endothelial growth factor gene therapy - HSCI". Adis Insight. Springer Nature Switzerland AG. "Gene Therapy for PAD ... it delivers the gene encoding for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Neovasculogen is a plasmid encoding the CMV ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambiogenplasmid

"Neuropilin-1 is expressed by endothelial and tumor cells as an isoform-specific receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor ... Gluzman-Poltorak Z, Cohen T, Shibuya M, Neufeld G (June 2001). "Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 and neuropilin-2 ... January 2002). "Selective upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors neuropilin-1 and -2 in human ... "Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors". FASEB Journal. 13 (1): 9-22. doi:10.1096/fasebj.13.1.9. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuropilin_2

Rittiphairoj, Thanitsara; Roberti, Gloria; Michelessi, Manuele (3 April 2023). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ... but actually it is a risk factor. Ocular hypertension (increased pressure within the eye) is the most important risk factor for ... most ophthalmologists favor treatment of those with additional risk factors. Risk factors for glaucoma include increasing age, ... The vascular theory hypothesizes that a decreased blood supply to the retinal ganglions cells leads to nerve damage. This ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glaucoma

... such as Von Willebrand factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These substances could also have a role in PDP ... 2000). "Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy". Clin Exp Rheumatol. 18 (1): 57-62. PMID 10728444 ... platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). It has not been described yet what role these ... Von Willebrand factor is a marker of platelet and endothelial activation. This suggests that the activation of endothelial ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachydermoperiostosis

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, also known as anti-VEGF (/vɛdʒˈɛf/) therapy or medication, is the use of ... Braithwaite T, Nanji AA, Lindsley K, Greenberg PB (May 2014). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for macular oedema ... Virgili G, Parravano M, Evans JR, Gordon I, Lucenteforte E (October 2018). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for ... "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for control of wound healing in glaucoma surgery". Cochrane Database of Systematic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-VEGF

While some studies recommend the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs for inhibition of neovascularization in ... "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular glaucoma". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (2): CD007920 ... Risk factors for secondary glaucoma include uveitis, cataract surgery and also intraocular tumours. Common treatments are ... This results in the accumulation of aqueous and thus elevated IOP, which is a common risk factor for the progression of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_glaucoma

Some growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, are also capable of directly acting as mitogens, causing ... Other well-known mitogenic growth factors include platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). ... This is not true for all growth factors, as some growth factors instead appear to cause mitogenic effects like growth ... "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor is a Secreted Angiogenic Mitogen". 8 December 1989, Science, Vol. 246, pp 1306-1309. Morgan ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitogen

Another agent involved in autocrine cancer signaling is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF, produced by carcinoma ... Weigand, Melanie; Hantel, Pia; Kreienberg, Rolf; Waltenberger, Johannes (2005). "Autocrine vascular endothelial growth factor ... One approach used by tumors to upregulate growth and survival is through autocrine production of growth and survival factors. ... For example, despite widespread expression of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) and EGF family ligands in non-small- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocrine_signaling

Mousa SA, Mousa SS (June 2010). "Current status of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition in age-related macular ... Ferrara N, Adamis AP (June 2016). "Ten years of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy". Nature Reviews. Drug ... Examples of RNA aptamer molecular targets and potential targets include vascular endothelial growth factor, osteoblasts, and C- ... Tumor growth was significantly delayed and extended survival in mice. SLR14 improved antitumor efficacy of anti-PD1 antibody ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_therapeutics

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) cDNA was ligated to either side of an ... Leung, D.; Cachianes, G; Kuang, W.; Goeddel, D.; Ferrara, N (1989). "Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted ... engineered cells produce a bioluminescent marker and a chemotactic growth factor. In this instance, increased fluorescence of ... A key factor that differentiates molecular processors is "the ability to control output" of protein or peptide concentration as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_processor

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) seems to play a vital role in promoting neovascularization. Using anti-VEGF drugs ( ... March 2023). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for proliferative diabetic retinopathy". The Cochrane Database of ... Sankar MJ, Sankar J, Chandra P (January 2018). "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for treatment of ... antibodies to sequester the growth factor), research have shown significant reduction in the extent of vessel outgrowth. Low ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinopathy

April 2005). "Vascular endothelial growth factor in pleural effusions of different origin". Eur. Respir. J. 25 (4): 600-4. doi: ... been shown to be raised in malignant pleural effusions compared to benign disease include vascular endothelial growth factor ( ... Clinical factors predicting the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions are symptoms lasting more than 1 month and the absence ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malignant_pleural_effusion

... vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). These ... Hugo H. Marti, "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor", Madame Curie Bioscience Database, Landes Bioscience, retrieved January 25 ... Rini BI (February 2007). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma: current status and ... water extract inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis through inhibition of reactive oxygen species ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiogenesis_inhibitor

It works by slowing the growth of new blood vessels by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), in other words ... Its development was based on the discovery of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that stimulated blood ... Ferrara N (2011). "From the discovery of vascular endothelial growth factor to the introduction of avastin in clinical trials ... Ribatti D (2008). "Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium. 15 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1080 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevacizumab

"Vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor expression in a mouse model of retinal neovascularization". ... Vascular endothelial growth factor) which is known to induce vessel leakage and which is also known to be angiogenic. In normal ... "Tumor vascular permeability factor stimulates endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis". The Journal of Clinical Investigation ... but such activity is lost with other angiogenic factors. Many angiostatic factors have been shown to counteract the effect of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy_of_the_human_retina

"Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium: Journal of Endothelial Cell Research. 15 (1 ... vascular endothelial growth factor' in 1989, while working at Genentech. He is credited with developing a whole new class of ... NGF or nerve growth factor, a protein involved primarily in the growth, as well as the maintenance, proliferation, and survival ... "The Multiple Life of Nerve Growth Factor: Tribute to Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012)". Balkan Medical Journal. 30 (1): 4-7. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Italian_inventions_and_discoveries

"Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor in the primate ovary up-regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in the ... Fraser HM, Wilson H, Silvestri A, Morris KD, Wiegand SJ (September 2008). "The role of vascular endothelial growth factor and ... It is an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Aflibercept (Eylea) is indicated for the treatment of people ... Aflibercept is a recombinant fusion protein consisting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-binding portions from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aflibercept

One study suggested a possible role for vascular endothelial growth factor. A study using magnetic resonance imaging found that ... November 2005). "RS3PE syndrome presenting as vascular endothelial growth factor associated disorder". Ann. Rheum. Dis. 64 (11 ... and a negative serum rheumatoid factor. If no underlying disorder can be identified (idiopathic RS3PE), this entity has an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remitting_seronegative_symmetrical_synovitis_with_pitting_edema

"Napoleone Ferrara and the saga of vascular endothelial growth factor". Endothelium. 15 (1): 1-8. doi:10.1080/10623320802092377 ... soon identified the already-known fibroblast growth factor as an angiogenic factor, but the team's work showed that there were ... In these trials they also studied the levels of fibroblast growth factor in the urine of the trial subjects and published that ... basic fibroblast growth factor, in the urine of patients with a wide spectrum of cancers". J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 86 (5): 356-61 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judah_Folkman

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor

vascular endothelial growth factor D. Names. c-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D). ... VEGFD vascular endothelial growth factor D [Homo sapiens] VEGFD vascular endothelial growth factor D [Homo sapiens]. Gene ID: ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-D (VEGF-D): An Angiogenesis Bypass in Malignant Tumors. Title: Vascular Endothelial Growth ... Vascular endothelial growth factor D is a biomarker of fluid overload in haemodialysis patients. Title: Vascular endothelial ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/2277?ordinalpos=2&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Gene.Gene_ResultsPanel.Gene_RVDocSum

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an established angiogenesis factor, is expressed in allografts undergoing rejection ... In vitro, we found that VEGF enhanced endothelial cell expression of the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and IL-8 ... Anti-VEGF failed to inhibit T cell activation responses in vivo, but inhibited intragraft expression of several endothelial ... and in combination with IFN-γ synergistically induced endothelial cell production of the potent T cell chemoattractant IFN- ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/17712/figure/3

We have previously demonstrated that a failure of pulmonary endothelial cell survival induced by vascular endothelial growth ... factor (VEGF) receptor blockade results in lung alveolar septal cell apoptosis and emphysema. Because apoptosis and oxidative ... Oxidative stress and apoptosis interact and cause emphysema due to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor blockade Am J ... previously demonstrated that a failure of pulmonary endothelial cell survival induced by vascular endothelial growth factor ( ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12600822/?dopt=Abstract

Figure 1 The Kaplan-Meier survival curves as a function of vascular endothelial growth factor A-1498C,T genetic polymorphism ... Figure 2 The Kaplan-Meier survival curves as a function of vascular endothelial growth factor A -634G,C genetic polymorphism ... Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms in colorectal cancer patients. World J Gastrointest ... Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms in colorectal cancer patients. World J Gastrointest ...

https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/figures/v9/i2/78.htm

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an essential angiogenic factor for formation of the embryonic vasculature, and ... Two main VEGF receptors are expressed in endothelial cells: VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. To identify novel effectors downstream of ... Signalling pathways downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Cite. Download (. 11 MB. ). Share. Embed. ...

https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Signalling_pathways_downstream_of_vascular_endothelial_growth_factor_receptors/10137548

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a secreted endothelial cell-specific mitogen. To evaluate whether VEGF may play a ... Patterns of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors in mice suggest a role in hormonally ... Patterns of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors in mice suggest a role in hormonally ... to the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndromes by virtue of the vascular permeabilization activity of this factor. ...

https://www.jci.org/articles/view/116450/pdf

2004) Tumo-induced endothelial cell activation: role of vascular endothelial growth factor. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 286:C1170 ... 1996) Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor 1. Mol Cell Biol 16:4604- ... and p70 S6 kinase mediate the mitogenic response of human endothelial cells to vascular endothelial growth factor. J Cell ... 2004) Vascular endothelial growth factor prolongs survival in a transgenic mouse model of ALS. Ann Neurol 56:564-567. ...

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/31/21/7682

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in canine lymphoma. Journal of Comparative Pathology 137(1): ... Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in basal cell tumours and in squamous cell carcinomas of canine skin. Journal ... Detection of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors Flt-1 and KDR in canine mastocytoma cells. Veterinary ... Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in Canine Lymphomas World Small Animal Veterinary Association World ...

https://www.vin.com/apputil/project/defaultadv1.aspx?pid=11290&catid=&id=4252993&meta=Generic&authorid=

... including proangiogenic factors and antiangiogenic factors [1]. Among these cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF ... Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor by the Wnt and K-ras pathways in colonic neoplasia. Cancer Res. 2001; 61:6050- ... Vascular endothelial growth factor in ocular fluid of patients with diabetic retinopathy and other retinal disorders. N Engl J ... Vascular endothelial growth factors and angiogenesis in eye disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2003; 22:1-29. [PMID: 12597922] ...

http://www.molvis.org/molvis/v21/665/

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for vascular endothelial growth factor A. After subconfluent growth, RGC-5 cells were starved ... Gómez R, Simón C, Remohí J, Pellicer A. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 activation induces vascular permeability ... Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in control and diabetic rat eyes. Lab Invest. 1998; 78:1017-27. [PMID: ... Gerhardinger C, Brown LF, Roy S, Mizutani M, Zucker CL, Lorenzi M. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the ...

http://www.molvis.org/molvis/v18/a89/

Transient postoperative vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-neutralisation improves graft survival in corneas with partly ... Transient postoperative vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-neutralisation improves graft survival in corneas with partly ... The treatment group received a vascular endothelial growth factor-A specific cytokine trap (VEGF Trap) intraperitoneally at ...

https://bjo.bmj.com/content/93/8/1075

Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a critical angiogenic role in the endometrium of placentalia during ... Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a critical angiogenic role in the endometrium of placentalia during ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and VEGFR-1 change during preimplantation in Heifers ... Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A and VEGFR-1 change during preimplantation in Heifers. International Journal of Molecular ...

https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/190850/

Objectives Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, and ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tracheal aspirates from preterm infants: effect of surfactant therapy ... Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tracheal aspirates from preterm infants: effect of surfactant therapy ... Different reports have described the role of VEGF in lung cells proliferation, differentiation, growth and permeability. No ...

https://fn.bmj.com/content/96/Suppl_1/Fa30.2

... Authors: Errecalde, Ana Lía , Inda, ... We also demonstrated positive immunoreaction in both malignant tumors ES2 and SS1K endothelial and parenchymal cells. We ... The results showed strongly immunopositivity reaction for VEGF either in hepatocytes or endothelial cells of mouse regenerating ... hepatocytes and endothelial cells) after partial hepatectomy, and two transplanted hepatocarcinomas (ES2 and SS1K). C3H/S male ...

http://sedici.unlp.edu.ar/handle/10915/10287

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Details. Name. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. Synonyms. *2.7. ... vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway / vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway / ... vascular endothelial growth factor binding / vascular endothelial growth factor-activated receptor activity ... cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus / embryonic hemopoiesis / endothelial cell differentiation / ...

https://go.drugbank.com/polypeptides/P35968

Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms. RC Holt, SA Ralph, NJ Webb, CJ ... Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms. / Holt, RC; Ralph, SA; Webb, NJ ... 2003). Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms. European Journal of ... Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms. In: European Journal of ...

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/steroid-sensitive-nephrotic-syndrome-and-vascular-endothelial-gro

ELISA Kit for Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF), PK1; EGVEGF; PRK1, PROK1; Prokineticin 1; ... Stability of the ELISA Kit for Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). The stability of kit is ... Linearity of the ELISA Kit for Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). The linearity of the kit ... Specificity of the ELISA Kit for Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). This assay has high ...

https://www.uscnk.com/uscn/ELISA-Kit-for-Human-Endocrine-Gland-Derived-Vascular-Endothelial-Growth-Factor-EG-VEGF-45.htm

The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in differential vWF expression was investigated using cultured human ... tumor growth, and metastasis. Yet, the expression pattern of vWF in human gastric cancer (GC) tissues and its relation to ... umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). vWF and VEGF protein and mRNA expression levels were investigated by qRT-PCR, ... von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis, ...

https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-015-1083-6

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Vascular Endothelial Growth ... Analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor : receptor functions in gene-targeted mice. / Heinolainen, Krista. ... Analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor : receptor functions in gene-targeted mice. Helsinki : [K. Heinolainen], 2018. ... Analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor : receptor functions in gene-targeted mice. Helsinki : [K. Heinolainen], 2018. ...

https://researchportal.helsinki.fi/sv/publications/analysis-of-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-functions

Vascular endothelial growth factor. One area of research has involved the use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an ... Intracavernosal injection of vascular endothelial growth factor induces nitric oxide synthase isoforms. BJU Int. 2002 Jun. 89(9 ... Intracavernosal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection and adeno-associated virus-mediated VEGF gene therapy ... angiogenic growth factor and endothelial cell mitogen. VEGF is produced by vascular smooth muscle, endothelial, and ...

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/444220-treatment

Collect specimen in lav (EDTA) top tube. Immediately place on wet ice. Spin and aliquot into plastic screw capped tube within 30 minutes of collection, and freeze. Send to Specimen Processing frozen.. ...

https://mlabs.umich.edu/tests/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-alpha

Molecular imaging of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 expression using targeted contrast-enhanced high-frequency ... US imaging of tumor angiogenesis with microbubbles targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 in mice. ... Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) functions to promote uterine decidual angiogenesis during early ... molecular imaging by examining the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on uterus vascular ...

https://thno.org/v05p0206.htm

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A substance made by cells that stimulates new blood vessel formation, a mitogen for ... Disclaimer: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) definition / meaning should not be considered complete, up to date, and ... vascular endothelial (vessel lining) cells.. VEGF is a polypeptide structurally related to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF ... Vascular headache A group of headaches felt to involve abnormal sensitivity of the blood vessels (arteries) in the brain to ...

https://definithing.com/define-medical/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-vegf/

Vascular endothelial growth factor A Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ... Vascular endothelial growth factor A Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ... Vascular endothelial growth factor A. Member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family ...

https://vegf-a.com/cmw-ig-g/

Objectives Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β regulates the function of vascular endothelial cells and may be involved in ... Transforming growth factor β-mediated site-specific Smad linker region phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells ... Transforming growth factor β-mediated site-specific Smad linker region phosphorylation in vascular endothelial cells. Journal ... cell signalling; serine/threonine kinase; Smad linker region; Smads; transforming growth factor-β. ...

http://irep.iium.edu.my/55283/

Phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2) via PI3K/Akt signaling plays a key role in mediating ... in mice to quantify new brain vessel growth. SU5416 treatment and assessment of VEGFR2 phosphorylation as well as alterations ... cellular processes involved in repair, such as mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. This study aimed to ... Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 inhibition promotes cell death and limits endothelial cell proliferation in a ...

https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-015-0605-8

Target Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, soluble (sVEGFR-1) * Specificity Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ... Specificity Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor receptor 1 Human sVEGFR1 isoforms, possibly primate sVEGFR1 (untested), ... Product Name Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1, soluble (sVEGFR-1), Human, ELISA assay ... Product Description google The human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) Kit is a sandwich ELISA. The ...

https://www.biosensis.com/vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-1-soluble-svegfr-1-human-elisa-assay.html

Myoferlin regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 stability and function. In: Journal of Biological Chemistry. ... Myoferlin regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 stability and function. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2007 ... Myoferlin regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 stability and function. Pascal N. Bernatchez, Lisette Acevedo ... Myoferlin regulates vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 stability and function. / Bernatchez, Pascal N.; Acevedo, ...

https://mayoclinic.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/myoferlin-regulates-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-receptor-2

Human VEGFD(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D) ELISA Kit Human VEGFD(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D) ELISA Kit. To ... Dog VEGFA(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) ELISA Kit. *Mouse VEGFR1(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1) ELISA ... Platelet Derived Growth Factor AB) ELISA Kit. *Human HBEGF(Heparin Binding Epidermal Growth Factor Like Growth Factor) ELISA ... Human CNTF(Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor) ELISA Kit. *Human EG-VEGF(Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) ...

https://www.fslregister.nl/human-vegfdvascular-endothelial-growth-factor-d-elisa-kit/

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, /vɛdʒˈɛf/), originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a signal protein produced by many cells that stimulates the formation of blood vessels. (wikipedia.org)
To be specific, VEGF is a sub-family of growth factors, the platelet-derived growth factor family of cystine-knot growth factors. (wikipedia.org)
Overexpression of VEGF can cause vascular disease in the retina of the eye and other parts of the body. (wikipedia.org)
In 1989 Ferrara and Henzel described an identical factor in bovine pituitary follicular cells which they purified, cloned and named VEGF. (wikipedia.org)
Activity of VEGF-A, as its name implies, has been studied mostly on cells of the vascular endothelium, although it does have effects on a number of other cell types (e.g., stimulation monocyte/macrophage migration, neurons, cancer cells, kidney epithelial cells). (wikipedia.org)
In vitro, VEGF-A has been shown to stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesis and cell migration. (wikipedia.org)
VEGF-A is also a vasodilator and increases microvascular permeability and was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor. (wikipedia.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an established angiogenesis factor, is expressed in allografts undergoing rejection, but its function in the rejection process has not been defined. (jci.org)
In vitro, we found that VEGF enhanced endothelial cell expression of the chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and IL-8, and in combination with IFN-γ synergistically induced endothelial cell production of the potent T cell chemoattractant IFN-inducible protein-10 (IP-10). (jci.org)
Anti-VEGF failed to inhibit T cell activation responses in vivo, but inhibited intragraft expression of several endothelial cell adhesion molecules and chemokines, including IP-10. (jci.org)
We have previously demonstrated that a failure of pulmonary endothelial cell survival induced by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor blockade results in lung alveolar septal cell apoptosis and emphysema. (nih.gov)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an essential angiogenic factor for formation of the embryonic vasculature, and also has important roles in pathological conditions such as diabetic retinopthy, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. (figshare.com)
Two main VEGF receptors are expressed in endothelial cells: VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2. (figshare.com)
Patterns of expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptors in mice suggest a role in hormonally regulated angiogenesis. (jci.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a secreted endothelial cell-specific mitogen. (jci.org)
VEGF-binding activity, on the other hand, was found on endothelial cells of both quiescent and proliferating blood vessels. (jci.org)
We propose that excessive expression of VEGF during gonadotropin-induced ovulation may contribute to the development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndromes by virtue of the vascular permeabilization activity of this factor. (jci.org)
2005). The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a 46 kD dimeric glycoprotein secreted by neoplastic cells, macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes, which triggers endothelial cell proliferation by interacting with specific receptors in a paracrine or autocrine fashion (Ferrara 2004). (vin.com)
To measure intravitreal low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in the eyes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and to observe their correlation with PDR activity. (molvis.org)
In this study, we explore the role of HMGB1 in advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) production in rat retinal ganglion cell line 5 (RGC-5) cells. (molvis.org)
Objectives Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular endothelial cell differentiation and angiogenesis, and maturation of epithelial cells of the developing lungs. (bmj.com)
Different reports have described the role of VEGF in lung cells proliferation, differentiation, growth and permeability. (bmj.com)
In this study we focus on the immunoreactivity of the monoclonal antibody VEGF (C-1) in order to analyze its expression in two cell populations of regenerating mouse liver (hepatocytes and endothelial cells) after partial hepatectomy, and two transplanted hepatocarcinomas (ES2 and SS1K). (unlp.edu.ar)
The results showed strongly immunopositivity reaction for VEGF either in hepatocytes or endothelial cells of mouse regenerating liver. (unlp.edu.ar)
This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). (uscnk.com)
No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) and analogues was observed. (uscnk.com)
Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of recombinant Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) in samples. (uscnk.com)
Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively. (uscnk.com)
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate. (uscnk.com)
The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF) and their serial dilutions. (uscnk.com)
The microtiter plate provided in this kit has been pre-coated with an antibody specific to Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). (uscnk.com)
Standards or samples are then added to the appropriate microtiter plate wells with a biotin-conjugated antibody specific to Endocrine Gland Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (EG-VEGF). (uscnk.com)
The role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in differential vWF expression was investigated using cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). (biomedcentral.com)
In our fourth study, we discovered that VEGF-C, the ligand for VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3, which has been known to be a major lymphangiogenic factor now reveals its a unique role in embryonic erythropoiesis but not in adults. (helsinki.fi)
VEGF is a polypeptide structurally related to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). (definithing.com)
Disclaimer: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) definition / meaning should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. (definithing.com)
During angiogenesis, a highly regulated process, the most potent pro-angiogenic signaling cascades are initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to EC-resident VEGF receptors (VEGFR) like VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The loss of myoferlin results in lack of proliferation, migration, and nitric oxide (NO) release in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). (elsevierpure.com)
VEGFR-1, also called Flt-1, is the exclusive VEGFR present on the surface of monocytes and mediates a chemotactic response to VEGF-A and tissue factor induction. (cusabio.com)
Can the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and total estradiol 17β be used as a marker of equine oocyte maturation? (cloud-clone.com)
In cultured cells, the overexpression of Spred-1 or Spred-2 strongly suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C)/VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-3-mediated ERK activation, while Spred-1/2-deficient cells were extremely sensitive to VEGFR-3 signaling. (elsevierpure.com)
The aim of this study is to evaluate CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD45RO(+) T cells , and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) expression in cyclosporin A (CsA)-induced rat overgrown gingival tissue during an 8-week period. (bvsalud.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key stimulator of physiological and pathological angiogenesis. (ox.ac.uk)
VEGF signals primarily through VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), a receptor tyrosine kinase whose expression is found predominantly on endothelial cells. (ox.ac.uk)
Our data suggest that a subset of NSCLC tumour cells express functional VEGFR2 which can act to promote VEGF-dependent tumour cell growth. (ox.ac.uk)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a significant role in both physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis and plays a part in improved permeability across both blood-retinal and blood-brain barriers. (molecularcircuit.com)
The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) shows a positive effect on enhancing angiogenesis in vivo. (researcher.life)
We investigated the influence of alpha6beta1 on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression because autocrine VEGF is necessary for the survival of serum-deprived cells in hypoxia. (umassmed.edu)
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is produced by bladder cancer cell lines in vitro and expressed in human bladder tumor tissues. (johnshopkins.edu)
Quantitative RT-PCR was used to asses mRNA levels of collagenase-1 (MMP-1), stromelysin (MMP-3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), type III collagen (COL-III) and fibronectin (FBRN). (cdc.gov)
treatment options include intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections or photodynamic therapy (PDT). (cdc.gov)
ABSTRACT Allergic contact dermatitis to cement is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which cytokines interferon-gamma (IFN-) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may be involved in persisting erythema and oedema. (who.int)
VEGF pour vascular endothelial growth factor) peuvent être impliqués dans des érythèmes ou des oedèmes persistants. (who.int)

The molecular mechanism by which vascular endothelial receptors (VEGFRs) control vessel growth and function in physiological and pathological settings is under intensive study, but questions remain. (helsinki.fi)
Our third study showed that when all VEGFRs receptors are deleted, the organ-specificity and -sensitivity differ in different vascular beds. (helsinki.fi)
Like other TNF-family receptors and the IL-1 receptor, RANK mediates its signal transduction via TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF) proteins, suggesting that the signaling pathways activated by RANK and other inflammatory cytokines involved in osteoclast differentiation and activation are interconnected. (umassmed.edu)
To understand the functional interactions between the TrkA and p75 nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors, we stably transfected LAN5 neuroblastoma cells with an expression vector for ET-R, a chimeric receptor with the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and the TrkA transmembrane and intracellular domains. (umassmed.edu)

We also demonstrated positive immunoreaction in both malignant tumors ES2 and SS1K endothelial and parenchymal cells. (unlp.edu.ar)
Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. (drugbank.com)
Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. (drugbank.com)
vWF is produced exclusively by endothelial cells and megakaryocytes. (biomedcentral.com)
Then, based on our earlier published findings, we further elucidate the role of VEGFR-3 in blood endothelial cells, using principally a genetic approach. (helsinki.fi)
Adhesion experiment in vitro was performed with mouse microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) and the ratio of the number of UCA to that of cells at the same field was compared. (thno.org)
A substance made by cells that stimulates new blood vessel formation, a mitogen for vascular endothelial (vessel lining) cells. (definithing.com)
Objectives Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β regulates the function of vascular endothelial cells and may be involved in endothelial dysfunction. (iium.edu.my)
The expression of phosphorylated Smad linker proteins were determined following TGF-β stimulation in the absence and presence of different serine/threonine kinase inhibitors in vascular endothelial cells. (iium.edu.my)
These phosphorylations provide an opportunity to further understand a therapeutically targeted and very specific signalling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. (iium.edu.my)
For cells, cell lines and tissues in culture till half confluency.Aplha, transcription related growth factors and stimulating factors or repressing nuclear factors are complex subunits of proteins involved in cell differentiation. (cellcycl.com)
In vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), VEGFR-1 is inducibly expressed by vascular injury and participates in neointimal development. (cusabio.com)
The number of LYVE-1-positive lymphatic vessels and lymphatic endothelial cells increased markedly in Spred-1/2-deficient embryos compared with WT embryos, while the number of blood vessels was not different. (elsevierpure.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of CD45RO+ T cells and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in cyclosporin A-induced rat gingival tissue. (bvsalud.org)
We determine a comprehensive map of lineage-specific lncRNAs in human dermal lymphatic and blood vascular endothelial cells (LECs and BECs), combining RNA-Seq and CAGE-Seq. (nature.com)
During development, the blood vascular system arises from endothelial cell progenitors that differentiate from mesodermal cells, mostly through the expression of the transcription factor (TF) ETV2. (nature.com)
Activation of the VEGFA/VEGFR2 signaling and expression of blood vascular endothelial cell (BEC) markers, such as NRP1 and EphrinB2, further differentiate these precursor cells into BECs, which then form the hierarchical network of blood vessels 4 . (nature.com)
Thereafter, a distinct subpopulation of endothelial cells lining the cardinal vein starts differentiating by expressing the TF PROX1, the master regulator of lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) identity, via the TFs SOX18 and COUPTFII. (nature.com)
This vertical growth phase represents a key event for the cell spread, since it allows the cells to migrate deeply in the dermis, in the lymphatics, and the bloodstream. (hindawi.com)
In the case of melanoma, circulating cells may find a suitable microenvironment in the first draining lymph node, known as the sentinel lymph node, in other lymphnodes or in distant organs, leading to secondary tumor growth (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is an indolent, progressive growth of smooth muscle cells throughout the lungs, pulmonary blood vessels, lymphatics, and pleurae. (msdmanuals.com)
Specifically, molecular interactions between cancer-associated fibroblasts, pericytes and endothelial cells are explored with a special focus on novel anti-cancer strategies. (lu.se)

Because another growth/trophic factor that signals via a receptor tyrosine kinase (brain derived neurotrophic factor) elicits a long-lasting facilitation of respiratory motor activity in the phrenic nerve, we tested the hypothesis that VEGFA-165 elicits similar phrenic motor facilitation (pMF). (jneurosci.org)
Pazopanib is a vascular endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor activity in several preclinical models. (johnshopkins.edu)

Purpose: To investigate 12-month treatment outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in eyes with typical exudative age-related macular degeneration with good baseline visual acuity. (kyobobook.co.kr)
Patients were treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy during the 12-month follow-up period. (kyobobook.co.kr)
Results: Patients received an average of 4.4 ± 1.3 intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. (kyobobook.co.kr)
For people who have vision loss from POHS, injections into the eye with a treatment called anti-vascular endothelial growth factor can help. (cdc.gov)

do Espírito Santo GF, Galera BB, Duarte EC, Chen ES, Azis L, Damazo AS, Saba GT, de Sousa Gehrke F, Guerreiro da Silva IDC, Waisberg J. Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms in colorectal cancer patients. (wjgnet.com)
Polymorphisms of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Retinopathy of Prematurity. (cdc.gov)
Evaluation of Factor V Leiden, Prothrombin G20210A, MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphisms in retinopathy of prematurity in a Turkish cohort. (cdc.gov)
Recent advances have been made in the of host factors, polymorphisms, and candidate genes associated characterization of the immune response to low-molecular- with occupational asthma may improve our understanding of weight agents. (cdc.gov)

Ex vivo colony assay revealed that Spred-1/2 suppressed lymphatic endothelial cell proliferation and/or differentiation. (elsevierpure.com)

Ultrasound (US) molecular imaging by examining the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on uterus vascular endothelium was applied to evaluate the endometrial receptivity. (thno.org)

They are important signaling proteins involved in both vasculogenesis (the de novo formation of the embryonic circulatory system) and angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature). (wikipedia.org)
Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. (drugbank.com)

Although vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA-165) is primarily known for its role in angiogenesis, it also plays important neurotrophic and neuroprotective roles for spinal motor neurons. (jneurosci.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a critical angiogenic role in the endometrium of placentalia during preimplantation. (uzh.ch)

Herein, using a proteomic analysis of endothelial cell (EC) caveolae/lipid raft microdomains we identified myoferlin in these domains and show that myoferlin is highly expressed in ECs and vascular tissues. (elsevierpure.com)
The blood and lymphatic vascular systems are essential for the efficient transport of oxygen, nutrients, signaling molecules, and leukocytes to and from peripheral tissues, the removal of waste products, and the preservation of fluid homeostasis. (nature.com)

Specificity Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor receptor 1 Human sVEGFR1 isoforms, possibly primate sVEGFR1 (untested), homology to mouse, rat, chicken sVEGFR1 proteins less than 80% across the immunogen used. (biosensis.com)
Spred/Sprouty family proteins negatively regulate growth factor-induced ERK activation. (elsevierpure.com)

Vascular endothelial growth factor directly stimulates tumour cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer. (ox.ac.uk)

Phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2) via PI3K/Akt signaling plays a key role in mediating cellular processes involved in repair, such as mitogenesis, angiogenesis, and vascular permeability. (biomedcentral.com)

Diabetes causes retinal microvasculopathy associated with pericyte cell death, microaneurysms, abnormal vascular permeability, and macular edema. (molvis.org)
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (fslregister.nl)
Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D (VEGFD) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates or other biological fluids. (fslregister.nl)
Changes in these and other oncogenes can disrupt cell growth control, ultimately leading to the uncontrolled growth of cancer. (medscape.com)
H- ras was one of the oncogenes that first caught the attention of molecular biologists interested in cell signaling, cell growth control, and cancer. (medscape.com)
It and the gene for the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) are involved in cell signaling. (medscape.com)
We believe that decisive treatment benefit can only be achieved by targeting distinct cell types and pathways that collectively sustain tumor growth. (lu.se)

Currently available, intravitreal, corticosteroid-release devices offer surgical and in-office management of retinal vascular disease and posterior uveitis. (medscape.com)
Intravitreal delivery of pharmacologic agents is the key method of drug delivery for posterior segment disease including retinal vascular disorders and posterior uveitis. (medscape.com)

Studies in osteoclast biology have led to the identification of factors responsible for the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, the most important of which is the receptor activator of NF-kappa B ligand/osteoclast differentiation factor (RANKL/ODF), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like protein. (umassmed.edu)

von Willebrand factor (vWF) is a potent regulator of angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. (biomedcentral.com)
Research on the GC-hemostasis association has revealed that the increased expression of tissue factor (TF) promotes the pathogenic conditions of coagulation, tumor growth, and angiogenesis [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

described a factor secreted by tumors causing angiogenesis and called it tumor angiogenesis factor. (wikipedia.org)
identified a vascular permeability factor secreted by tumors in guinea pigs and hamsters. (wikipedia.org)
Our data showed that VEGFR-3 loss-of-function is accompanied by increased vascular leakage in the retina, in solid tumors, and in the ear skin. (helsinki.fi)
High-grade gliomas can be highly invasive and extremely vascular tumors. (ajnr.org)

Complex subunit associated factors are involved in hybridoma growth, Eosinohils, eritroid proliferation and derived from promotor binding stimulating subunits on the DNA binding complex. (cellcycl.com)
CMMs usually progress from an in situ proliferation to a radial growth pattern, and then to a vertical growth phase. (hindawi.com)

Liu H, Chen Y, Yan F, Han X, Wu J, Liu X, Zheng H. Ultrasound Molecular Imaging of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 Expression for Endometrial Receptivity Evaluation. (thno.org)
Deep RNA-DNA, RNA-protein interaction studies, and phenotype rescue analyses reveal that LETR1 is a nuclear trans-acting lncRNA modulating, via key epigenetic factors, the expression of essential target genes, including KLF4 and SEMA3C , governing the growth and migratory ability of LECs. (nature.com)

In this study, a rat model of wound ischemia was used to test the hypothesis that HBO enhances wound healing by modulating hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) signaling. (nih.gov)

Environmental factors that can detect specific IgE antibodies against most low-molecular- affect the initiation of occupational asthma include the intrinsic weight agents has resulted in a search for alternative or characteristics of causative agents as well as the influence of the complementary physiopathologic mechanisms leading to airway level and route of exposure at the workplace. (cdc.gov)

Thus, the identification of biologically prognostic factors in lymphomas must be investigated (Korkolopoulou et al . (vin.com)

High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) has been reported to be a potent proangiogenic factor induced by inflammatory stress. (molvis.org)
Following cleavage of the precursor prepro-vWF form, the mature vWF is stored in Weibel-Palade bodies until its release is stimulated by various secretagogues or pathological stimuli, including inflammatory factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Angiogenesis was examined by intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) in mice to quantify new brain vessel growth. (biomedcentral.com)

Binding of vascular growth factors to isoform 1 leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. (drugbank.com)

Chemicals and Drugs9

c-fos-induced growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor D induces angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. (1/188)

Biosynthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor-D involves proteolytic processing which generates non-covalent homodimers. (2/188)

A mutant form of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that lacks VEGF receptor-2 activation retains the ability to induce vascular permeability. (3/188)

Monoclonal antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor-D block its interactions with both VEGF receptor-2 and VEGF receptor-3. (4/188)

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factors A, B, C, and D and their relationships to lymph node status in lung adenocarcinoma. (5/188)

VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression in neuroendocrine cells and their receptor, VEGFR-3, in fenestrated blood vessels in human tissues. (6/188)

In fibroblasts Vegf-D expression is induced by cell-cell contact mediated by cadherin-11. (7/188)

Signalling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 is sufficient for lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice. (8/188)

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c-fos-induced growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor D induces angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. (1/188)

Biosynthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor-D involves proteolytic processing which generates non-covalent homodimers. (2/188)

A mutant form of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that lacks VEGF receptor-2 activation retains the ability to induce vascular permeability. (3/188)

Monoclonal antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor-D block its interactions with both VEGF receptor-2 and VEGF receptor-3. (4/188)

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factors A, B, C, and D and their relationships to lymph node status in lung adenocarcinoma. (5/188)

VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression in neuroendocrine cells and their receptor, VEGFR-3, in fenestrated blood vessels in human tissues. (6/188)

In fibroblasts Vegf-D expression is induced by cell-cell contact mediated by cadherin-11. (7/188)

Signalling via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 is sufficient for lymphangiogenesis in transgenic mice. (8/188)

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Vascular endothelial growth factor - Wikipedia

VEGFD vascular endothelial growth factor D [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI

JCI - Proinflammatory functions of vascular endothelial growth factor in alloimmunity

Oxidative stress and apoptosis interact and cause emphysema due to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor blockade

Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphisms in colorectal cancer patients

Signalling pathways downstream of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors

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