Rhizosphere
Production of an allelopathic polyacetylene in hairy root cultures of goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.). (1/20)
Hairy roots of goldenrod (Solidago altissima L.) were induced by infecting axenic plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain A4. Growth and allelopathic polyacetylene (cis-dehydromatricaria ester, cis-DME) production of two independent hairy root clones were examined in several culture media and light regimes. cis-DME contents in hairy roots were at the same level as those in normal roots. cis-DME production in root cultures was several-fold lower than that of native plants and greatly repressed by light. (+info)Control of cytochrome b6f at low and high light intensity and cyclic electron transport in leaves. (2/20)
The light-dependent control of photosynthetic electron transport from plastoquinol (PQH(2)) through the cytochrome b(6)f complex (Cyt b(6)f) to plastocyanin (PC) and P700 (the donor pigment of Photosystem I, PSI) was investigated in laboratory-grown Helianthus annuus L., Nicotiana tabaccum L., and naturally-grown Solidago virgaurea L., Betula pendula Roth, and Tilia cordata P. Mill. leaves. Steady-state illumination was interrupted (light-dark transient) or a high-intensity 10 ms light pulse was applied to reduce PQ and oxidise PC and P700 (pulse-dark transient) and the following re-reduction of P700(+) and PC(+) was recorded as leaf transmission measured differentially at 810-950 nm. The signal was deconvoluted into PC(+) and P700(+) components by oxidative (far-red) titration (V. Oja et al., Photosynth. Res. 78 (2003) 1-15) and the PSI density was determined by reductive titration using single-turnover flashes (V. Oja et al., Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1658 (2004) 225-234). These innovations allowed the definition of the full light response curves of electron transport rate through Cyt b(6)f to the PSI donors. A significant down-regulation of Cyt b(6)f maximum turnover rate was discovered at low light intensities, which relaxed at medium light intensities, and strengthened again at saturating irradiances. We explain the low-light regulation of Cyt b(6)f in terms of inactivation of carbon reduction cycle enzymes which increases flux resistance. Cyclic electron transport around PSI was measured as the difference between PSI electron transport (determined from the light-dark transient) and PSII electron transport determined from chlorophyll fluorescence. Cyclic e(-) transport was not detected at limiting light intensities. At saturating light the cyclic electron transport was present in some, but not all, leaves. We explain variations in the magnitude of cyclic electron flow around PSI as resulting from the variable rate of non-photosynthetic ATP-consuming processes in the chloroplast, not as a principle process that corrects imbalances in ATP/NADPH stoichiometry during photosynthesis. (+info)Plant senescence cues entry into diapause in the gall fly Eurosta solidaginis: resulting metabolic depression is critical for water conservation. (3/20)
Mechanisms and possible cues for seasonal increases in desiccation resistance in larvae of the goldenrod gall fly Eurosta solidaginis, were examined before and after natural and premature plant senescence, or after being removed from their gall and placed in either 100, 95 or 75% relative humidity (RH). Rates of water loss were 8.6-fold lower, averaging 0.7+/-0.2 microg mm(-2) h(-1), in larvae from senescent gall tissue and after all RH treatments than in control larvae from pre-senescent plants. Enhanced desiccation resistance occurred quickly, within 3 days of removal from their gall. Contrary to most previous reports, a large majority of the increased desiccation resistance (approximately 85%) was due to reduced respiratory transpiration with the remainder being the result of a lowered cuticular permeability. Rates of cuticular water loss were reduced by the presence of a vapor pressure gradient between the larval hemolymph and environmental water vapor and were probably due to increases in cuticular lipids and/or production of the cryoprotectant glycerol. Metabolic rate was reduced by over fourfold, averaging 0.07+/-0.01 microl CO2 g(-1) h(-1), in larvae from senescent gall tissue and all RH treatments compared to larvae from pre-senescent plants. The magnitude of the reduction in metabolic rates indicated that these larvae had entered diapause. In addition, larvae entered diapause in response to removal from, or degeneration of, the gall tissue they feed, on rather than seasonal changes in temperature or photoperiod. The low metabolic rates of the diapausing larvae probably allowed them to dramatically reduce their respiratory transpiration and total rate of water loss compared with non-diapausing controls. Thus, diapause, with its associated lowered metabolic rate, may be essential for conserving water in overwintering temperate insects, which may be dormant for six or more months of the year. (+info)Cascading host-associated genetic differentiation in parasitoids of phytophagous insects. (4/20)
The extraordinary diversity of phytophagous insects may be attributable to their narrow specialization as parasites of plants, with selective tradeoffs associated with alternate host plants driving genetic divergence of host-associated forms via ecological speciation. Most phytophagous insects in turn are attacked by parasitoid insects, which are similarly specialized and may also undergo host-associated differentiation (HAD). A particularly interesting possibility is that HAD by phytophagous insects might lead to HAD in parasitoids, as parasitoids evolve divergent lineages on the new host plant-specific lineages of their phytophagous hosts. We call this process 'cascading host-associated differentiation' (cascading HAD). We tested for cascading HAD in parasitoids of two phytophagous insects, each of which consists of genetically distinct host-associated lineages on the same pair of goldenrods (Solidago). Each parasitoid exhibited significant host-associated genetic divergence, and the distribution and patterns of divergence are consistent with divergence in sympatry. Although evidence for cascading HAD is currently limited, our results suggest that it could play an important role in the diversification of parasitoids attacking phytophagous insects. The existence of cryptic host-associated lineages also suggests that the diversity of parasitoids may be vastly underestimated. (+info)Plant genotypic diversity predicts community structure and governs an ecosystem process. (5/20)
Theory predicts, and recent empirical studies have shown, that the diversity of plant species determines the diversity of associated herbivores and mediates ecosystem processes, such as aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP). However, an often-overlooked component of plant diversity, namely population genotypic diversity, may also have wide-ranging effects on community structure and ecosystem processes. We showed experimentally that increasing population genotypic diversity in a dominant old-field plant species, Solidago altissima, determined arthropod diversity and community structure and increased ANPP. The effects of genotypic diversity on arthropod diversity and ANPP were comparable to the effects of plant species diversity measured in other studies. (+info)New flavonoid glycosides from the leaves of Solidago altissima. (6/20)
Two new flavonoid glycosides kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), and quercetin 3-O-beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with six known flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Solidago altissima L. grown in Kochi of Japan. The structure elucidation of the isolated compounds was performed by acid hydrolysis and spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, ESI-MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments. (+info)A new labdane diterpene from the flowers of Solidago canadensis. (7/20)
A new labdane diterpene, 9alpha,16xi-dihydroxy-6-oxo-7,13-labdadien-15,16-olide (solicanolide, 1) and six known compounds identified as quercetin (2), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3, neochlorogenic acid), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4, chlorogenic acid), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (6) and 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (7) were isolated from the flowers of Solidago canadensis. To our knowledge, compound 7 was isolated for the first time in S. canadensis. This work describes the isolation of compounds 1-7 and the structure elucidation of a new compound identified as compound 1. Solicanolide (1) showed cytotoxic activity against A549 (IC(50): 13+/-2 microM), DLD-1 (IC(50): 26+/-2 microM) and WS1 (IC(50): 17+/-1 microM) cell lines. (+info)Effects of predator hunting mode on grassland ecosystem function. (8/20)
(+info)"Solidago" is the genus name for a group of flowering plants commonly known as goldenrods. These plants are native to North America and are known for their tall, slender stems and bright yellow flowers that bloom in the late summer and fall. While "Solidago" is a scientific name and not a medical term per se, some species of Solidago have been used in traditional medicine for their alleged medicinal properties. For example, Solidago virgaurea (European goldenrod) has been used in herbal medicine as a diuretic, astringent, and anti-inflammatory agent. However, it's important to note that the effectiveness of Solidago for medicinal purposes is not well-established by scientific research, and its use as a treatment for any medical condition should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
The rhizosphere is not a medical term per se, but it is a term used in the field of biology and agriculture. It refers to the narrow region of soil that is directly influenced by root secretions and associated microorganisms, typically including a zone of about 1-2 mm around the root surface. The rhizosphere is characterized by increased microbial activity due to the release of organic compounds from the roots, which can affect nutrient availability, plant growth, and disease suppression.
Host specificity, in the context of medical and infectious diseases, refers to the tendency of a pathogen (such as a virus, bacterium, or parasite) to infect and cause disease only in specific host species or individuals with certain genetic characteristics. This means that the pathogen is not able to establish infection or cause illness in other types of hosts. Host specificity can be determined by various factors such as the ability of the pathogen to attach to and enter host cells, replicate within the host, evade the host's immune response, and obtain necessary nutrients from the host. Understanding host specificity is important for developing effective strategies to prevent and control infectious diseases.
Solidago - Wikipedia
Solidago ulmifolia | Chicago Botanic Garden
Solidago virgaurea L.
details
Solidago fistulosa Pine barren goldenrod PFAF Plant Database
Solidago canadensis - Artsdatabanken
Solidago sp. nov. 'Montana Minnie' | Montana Minnie Goldenrod
Solidago ( Golden Wings Goldenrod ) - Backyard Gardener
solidago caesia 09 27 13 - GNPS
Showy Goldenrod (Solidago speciosa) - 03 - Wild Flowers of Sleepy Hollow Lake
Solidago velutina ssp. sparsiflora Calflora
Solidago Little Lemon - PlantHaven International
Forest Goldenrod (Solidago arguta) - Bowman's Hill Wildflower Preserve
Solidago ulmifolia var. ulmifolia; Elmleaf Goldenrod
Seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens) blooms on the sand dunes at Holgate at Edwin B. Forsythe NWR. | FWS.gov
Solidago leiocarpa | Astereae Lab | University of Waterloo
Solidago speciosa - Plant Finder
DailyMed - MNG-RESQ- graphite, liquid petroleum, saponaria officinalis root, saponaria officinalis root, solidago virgaurea...
Elm-Leaved Goldenrod (Solidago ulmifolia) - Plants-RP.SOLULM
Showy Goldenrod, Southern WV Ecotype, Solidago speciosa, Southern WV Ecotype seed
Recovery Strategy for the Showy Goldenrod (Solidago speciosa var. rigidiuscula) in Canada [proposed] - 2011 - Canada.ca
Solidago graminifolia Grass-leaved goldenrod Z 3-9 - Heritage Flower Farm
NameThatPlant.net: Solidago sphacelata
Solidago spathulata Facts for Kids
Alpines - Herbaceous Alpines - Solidago virgaurea cambrica
Solidago Yellow
Search results for solidago - Bates Nursery & Garden Center
Solidago nemoralis (Gray Goldenrod)
Goldenrod13
- Solidago 'Montana Minnie' is a 2023 Plant Delights/JLBG introduction of a fascinating new miniature goldenrod, discovered in 2015 by plantsman Patrick McMillan and his son Nic in Phillips County, Montana. (plantdelights.com)
- Showy Goldenrod (Solidago speciosa) - 03) In this enlarged photo, we can see the individual flowers of the showy goldenrod bloom. (all-creatures.org)
- Seaside goldenrod (Solidago sempervirens) blooms on the sand dunes at Holgate at Edwin B. Forsythe NWR. (fws.gov)
- Solidago speciosa , commonly called showy goldenrod, is a rhizomatous, Missouri native perennial which typically occurs in dry soils in open woods, fields and prairies throughout most of the State except the Ozark region. (missouribotanicalgarden.org)
- Recovery Strategy for the Showy Goldenrod (Solidago speciosa var. (canada.ca)
- There are also two accounts of Showy Goldenrod ( Solidago speciosa ) of undetermined variety/population,recorded for Manitoba that require investigation. (canada.ca)
- Solidago spathulata, the coast goldenrod or dune goldenrod, is a North American species of goldenrod in the sunflower family . (kiddle.co)
- One of the smallest goldenrods, Solidago nemoralis (Gray Goldenrod) is a rhizomatous perennial forming a clump of upright, gray-downy stems clad with alternate, narrowly lanceolate, gray-green leaves, 4 in. (gardenia.net)
- Not sure which Solidago (Goldenrod) to pick? (gardenia.net)
- Gray Goldenrod is one of the easier Solidago species to identify. (minnesotawildflowers.info)
- European goldenrod, Solidago virgaurea, exuberantly brightens up many countries. (hagetisse.com)
- The efficacy of Phytodolor (a proprietary preparation that contains Populus tremula , Fraxinus excelsior , and Solidago virgaurea [goldenrod]) for painful arthritic conditions has been demonstrated in a number of studies. (medscape.com)
- Among the over 75 plants in the NLM Herb Garden, you can find Goldenrod ( Solidago virgaurea ) and Lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ). (nih.gov)
Virgaurea4
- Solidago virgaurea L. (gbif.org)
- Over here, Solidago virgaurea has therefore ended up on the red list of protected plant species. (hagetisse.com)
- Golden Rod - Solidago virgaurea - Golden rod can be used as a treatment for painful menstruation, arthritis and eczema. (nih.gov)
- We evaluated work-site pulmonary function tests and atopy by skin prick test for the most common allergens in the region (D. farinae, D. pteronyssinus, Mould mix) and flower mix (Aster chinensis, Chrysanthemum koreanum, Dahlia cultorum, Solidago virgaurea, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum). (cdc.gov)
Asteraceae6
- Solidago, commonly called goldenrods, is a genus of about 100 to 120 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae. (wikipedia.org)
- Solidago is in the family Asteraceae (formerly known as Compositae), a diverse and widespread clade containing approximately 23,000 species and 12 tribes, which inhabit all continents except Antarctica. (wikipedia.org)
- Within Asteraceae, Solidago is in the tribe Astereae and the subtribe Solidagininaeae. (wikipedia.org)
- Related Asteraceae genera, such as Chrysoma, Euthamia, and Oreochrysum, have been included within Solidago at one point or another, but morphological evidence has suggested otherwise. (wikipedia.org)
- In a study comparing morphological characters of Solidago and related subgroups, the authors consider the subjectivity of classifying a genus and how to define it within broader tendencies concerning the taxonomy of North American Asteraceae. (wikipedia.org)
- and the point of freeing of stamen filaments from the corolla tube, are useful classification schemes for Solidago, since they are applied to differentiating between Asteraceae taxa. (wikipedia.org)
Genus3
- The genus Solidago is monophyletic as indicated by morphological characters and molecular evidence. (wikipedia.org)
- Molecular studies using nuclear rDNA have hypothesized boundaries on the genus Solidago, but there have been difficulties in parsing out evolutionary relationships at the sub-genus scale and defining which should be included and separated from Solidago. (wikipedia.org)
- Members of the genus Solidago support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) asteris, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) braccata, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) canadensis, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) hirticincta, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) nubecula, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) simplex, Perdita (Perdita) octomaculata, Melissodes (Eumelissodes) fumosus, Colletes simulans, and Colletes solidaginis. (ncsu.edu)
Canadensis2
- kanadagullris Solidago canadensis L. (artsdatabanken.no)
- Solidago canadensis ssp. (calscape.org)
Speciosa1
- Programme de rétablissement de la verge d'or voyante ( Solidago speciosa var. (canada.ca)
Species3
- Solidago species are perennials growing from woody caudices or rhizomes. (wikipedia.org)
- All Solidago species are herbaceous perennials, growing from approximately 2 cm to 2.5 m tall. (wikipedia.org)
- In our Dutch riverlands, one used to see several Solidago species regularly. (hagetisse.com)
Goldenrods1
- For a comparison chart of some of the varieties of goldenrods, see Solidago . (florafinder.com)
Nemoralis1
- Solidago nemoralis var. (asu.edu)
Sempervirens1
- Solidago sempervirens L. (florafinder.com)
Astereae1
- Solidago by the Astereae Lab, S. leiocarpa separated well from S. multiradiata . (uwaterloo.ca)
Perennial herb1
- Solidago spathulata is perennial herb up to 50 cm (20 inches) tall with a branching underground caudex. (kiddle.co)
Subsect1
- Solidago subsect. (floranorthamerica.org)
Fistulosa4
- Solidago fistulosa - Mill. (pfaf.org)
- Solidago fistulosa is a PERENNIAL growing to 1.8 m (6ft). (pfaf.org)
- Solidago fistulosa grows mainly on the coastal plains. (floranorthamerica.org)
- Solidago pyramidata Pursh may be a synonym of S. fistulosa . (floranorthamerica.org)
Simplex2
- Solidago simplex var. (kiddle.co)
- Solidago simplex ssp. (cnplx.info)
Little Lemon1
- Solidago hybrida Little Lemon 'Dansolitlem' is the most compact, light yellow-colored solidago to be brought to the US Market. (planthaven.com)
Taxa1
- Since there is no theoretical foundation for relative taxonomic importance of traits, they assert that habit should be a central trait when defining taxa, and subsequently that all the subgroups considered in their study (Brachychaeta, Chrysoma, Euthamia, Oligoneuron, and Petradoria) should be segregated from Solidago. (wikipedia.org)
Flowers2
- Yellow to white, pistillate ray flowers and yellow, perfect disc florets are characteristic of Solidago inflorescences, which have a wide range of shapes. (wikipedia.org)
- Solidago flowers are tall with slender, erect stems, they often grow in clumps or colonies, forming a bushy, upright habit. (flowersandfancies.com)
Flower1
- Proven NOT to be a cause of Hay Fever, this solidago makes a great component in cut-flower arrangements. (planthaven.com)
Section1
- Hi - since you asked…I knit, ripped and measured the Fair Isle section of my Solidago socks. (ravelry.com)