The act of injuring one's own body to the extent of cutting off or permanently destroying a limb or other essential part of a body.
A general term encompassing three types of excision of the external female genitalia - Sunna, clitoridectomy, and infibulation. It is associated with severe health risks and has been declared illegal in many places, but continues to be widely practiced in a number of countries, particularly in Africa.
A series of actions, sometimes symbolic actions which may be associated with a behavior pattern, and are often indispensable to its performance.
A republic in eastern Africa, on the Gulf of Aden at the entrance to the Red Sea. Djibouti is also the name of its capital.
The rights of women to equal status pertaining to social, economic, and educational opportunities afforded by society.
Deliberate maltreatment of groups of humans beings including violations of generally-accepted fundamental rights as stated by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted and proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948.
Common form of habitual body manipulation which is an expression of tension.
Somalia is located on the east coast of Africa on and north of the Equator and, with Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Kenya, is often referred to as the Horn of Africa. It comprises Italy's former Trust Territory of Somalia and the former British Protectorate of Somaliland. The capital is Mogadishu.
The female reproductive organs. The external organs include the VULVA; BARTHOLIN'S GLANDS; and CLITORIS. The internal organs include the VAGINA; UTERUS; OVARY; and FALLOPIAN TUBES.
Excision of the prepuce of the penis (FORESKIN) or part of it.
A collective expression for all behavior patterns acquired and socially transmitted through symbols. Culture includes customs, traditions, and language.

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis: a case report. (1/127)

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a very rare genetic disorder of the peripheral nervous system characterized by recurrent episodes of unexplained fever, generalized anhidrosis, insensitivity to pain and temperature, and accompanied by self-mutilating behavior and mental retardation. We report on a 16 month-old boy with CIPA who exhibited these characteristic clinical features. A sural nerve biopsy revealed markedly reduced numbers of unmyelinated and small myelinated fibers, consistent with the characteristic features of CIPA.  (+info)

Dorsal rhizotomy changes the spontaneous neuronal activity of nuclei in the medial thalamus. (2/127)

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of unilateral dorsal root section at the cervicothoracic level of the spinal cord on the spontaneous neuronal activity of medial thalamic nuclei in the rat. Single unit extracellular recordings from thalamic nuclei, nc. parafascicularis and nc. centralis lateralis, were obtained with glass micropipettes. The abnormal bursting activity of these nuclei following deafferentation was registered, although a correlation between the occurrence of this activity and the degree of autotomy behavior was not found. Such bursts were never observed in the studied thalamic nuclei of control rats.  (+info)

Deliberate self-harm and antidepressant drugs. Investigation of a possible link. (3/127)

BACKGROUND: It is not clear if the frequency of deliberate self-harm (DSH) is the same in patients taking different pharmacological classes of antidepressant drugs. AIMS: To compare the frequency of DSH in patients who had been prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) or a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) prior to the DSH event. METHOD: This was a prospective study in 2776 consecutive DSH cases attending an accident and emergency department. The incidence of DSH in TCA-treated cases and SSRI-treated cases is expressed as number of DSH events per 10 000 prescriptions of each antidepressant. RESULTS: Significantly more DSH events occurred following the prescription of an SSRI than that of a TCA (P<0.001). The occurrence of DSH was highest with fluoxetine and lowest with amitriptyline. CONCLUSIONS: Merely prescribing safer-in-overdose antidepressants is unlikely to reduce the overall morbidity from DSH.  (+info)

Axotomy- and autotomy-induced changes in the excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. (4/127)

The spontaneous, ectopic activity in sensory nerves that is induced by peripheral nerve injury is thought to contribute to the generation of "neuropathic" pain in humans. To examine the cellular mechanisms that underlie this activity, neurons in rat L(4)-L(5) dorsal root ganglion (DRG) were first grouped as "large," "medium," or "small" on the basis of their size (input capacitance) and action potential (AP) shape. A fourth group of cells that exhibited a pronounced afterdepolarization (ADP) were defined as AD-cells. Whole cell recording was used to compare the properties of control neurons with those dissociated from rats in which the sciatic nerve had been sectioned ("axotomy" group) and with neurons from rats that exhibited self-mutilatory behavior in response to sciatic nerve section ("autotomy" group). Increases in excitability in all types of DRG neuron were seen within 2-7 wk of axotomy. Resting membrane potential (RMP) and the amplitude and duration of the afterhyperpolarization (AHP) that followed the AP were unaffected. Effects of axotomy were greatest in the small, putative nociceptive cells and least in the large cells. Moderate changes were seen in the medium and AD-cells. Compared to control neurons, axotomized neurons exhibited a higher frequency of evoked AP discharge in response to 500-ms depolarizing current injections; i.e., "gain" was increased and accommodation was decreased. The minimum current required to discharge an AP (rheobase) was reduced. There were significant increases in spike width in small cells and significant increases in spike height in small, medium, and AD-cells. The electrophysiological changes promoted by axotomy were intensified in animals that exhibited autotomy; spike height, and spike width were significantly greater than control for all cell types. Under our experimental conditions, spontaneous activity was never encountered in neurons dissociated from animals that exhibited autotomy. Thus changes in the electrical properties of cell bodies alone may not entirely account for injury-induced spontaneous activity in sensory nerves. The onset of autotomy coincided with alterations in the excitability of large, putative nonnociceptive, neurons. Thus large cells from the autotomy group were much more excitable than those from the axotomy group, whereas small cells from the autotomy group were only slightly more excitable. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the onset of autotomy is associated with changes in the properties of myelinated fibers. Changes in Ca2+ and K+ channel conductances that contribute to axotomy- and autotomy-induced changes in excitability are addressed in the accompanying paper.  (+info)

Axotomy- and autotomy-induced changes in Ca2+ and K+ channel currents of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. (5/127)

Sciatic nerve section (axotomy) increases the excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. The changes in Ca2+ currents, K+ currents, Ca2+ sensitive K+ current, and hyperpolarization-activated cation current (I(H)) that may be associated with this effect were examined by whole cell recording. Axotomy affected the same conductances in all types of DRG neuron. In general, the largest changes were seen in "small" cells and the smallest changes were seen in "large" cells. High-voltage-activated Ca2+ channel current (HVA-I(Ba)) was reduced by axotomy. Although currents recorded in axotomized neurons exhibited increased inactivation, this did not account for all of the reduction in HVA-I(Ba). Activation kinetics were unchanged, and experiments with nifedipine and/or omega-conotoxin GVIA showed that there was no change in the percentage contribution of L-type, N-type, or "other" HVA-I(Ba) to the total current after axotomy. T-type (low-voltage-activated) I(Ba) was not affected by axotomy. Ca2+ sensitive K+ conductance (g(K,Ca)) appeared to be reduced, but when voltage protocols were adjusted to elicit similar amounts of Ca2+ influx into control and axotomized cells, I(K,Ca)(s) were unchanged. After axotomy, Cd2+ insensitive, steady-state K+ channel current, which primarily comprised delayed rectifier K+ current (I(K)), was reduced by about 60% in small, medium, and large cells. These data suggest that axotomy-induced increases in excitability are associated with decreases in I(K) and/or decreases in g(K,Ca) that are secondary to decreased Ca2+ influx. Because I(H) was reduced by axotomy, changes in this current do not contribute to increased excitability. The amplitude and inactivation of I(Ba) in all cell types was changed more profoundly in animals that exhibited self-mutilatory behavior (autotomy). The onset of this behavior corresponded with significant reduction in I(Ba) of large neurons. This finding supports the hypothesis that autotomy, that may be related to human neuropathic pain, is associated with changes in the properties of large myelinated sensory neurons.  (+info)

Punishment of self-injurious behavior using aromatic ammonia as the aversive stimulus. (6/127)

Punishment with aromatic ammonia was used to eliminate self-injurious behavior of an autistic woman during experimental sessions. The effects were reversible but were limited to experimental sessions until staff used the ammonia on the ward at all times.  (+info)

Dental transfigurements in Borneo. (7/127)

Dental transfigurement, formerly termed dental mutilation, has been practised by many societies worldwide. This article gives many of the forms that have been attributed to the indigenes of the island of Borneo. The method has been performed by review of anthropological books, sparse dental references, Borneo research literature, and popular writing.  (+info)

Self-inflicted injury: a follow-up study of 43 patients. (8/127)

Forty-three patients, 38 women and 5 men, with self-inflicted skin lesions were studied. Thirty-three were followed up for up to 22 years. In most cases dermatitis artefacta was only one incident in a long history of psychogenic illness. Of the 43 patients, 13 (30%), 12 women and one man, continued to produce lesions or were disabled with other psychiatric disorders more than 12 years after the onset of symptoms. Prognosis was difficult but recovery seemed to occur when the patient's life circumstances changed rather than as a result of treatment.  (+info)

Self-mutilation, also known as self-injury or self-harm, refers to the deliberate infliction of pain or damage to one's own body without the intention of committing suicide. It can take many forms, including cutting, burning, scratching, hitting, or piercing the skin. The behavior is often used as a coping mechanism to deal with emotional distress, trauma, or other psychological issues. Self-mutilation can be a sign of serious mental health concerns and should be treated as such. It's important to seek professional help if you or someone you know is engaging in self-harm behaviors.

Female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), refers to the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. The procedure can cause serious physical and psychological harm, and it is widely recognized by medical organizations as a violation of human rights.

There are several types of FGM, classified into four categories by the World Health Organization:

* Type I: partial or total removal of the clitoris and/or the prepuce (clitoridectomy)
* Type II: partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora, with or without excision of the labia majora (excision)
* Type III: narrowing of the vaginal opening by creating a covering seal, which is formed by cutting and repositioning the labia minora and/or the labia majora, with or without removal of the clitoris (infibulation)
* Type IV: all other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medical purposes, such as pricking, piercing, incising, scraping, and cauterizing the genital area

FGM is practiced in many parts of the world, including Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. It is usually carried out on young girls, often before the age of 15, and it is often motivated by cultural, religious, or social reasons. The practice is illegal in many countries, including the United States, and international organizations have called for its elimination.

I'm not aware of a specific medical definition for "ceremonial behavior." However, in general, ceremonial behaviors are actions or rituals that are performed in a formal, ritualistic manner, often as part of a cultural, religious, or social tradition. These behaviors can serve various purposes, such as marking important life events, expressing shared values and beliefs, or reinforcing social bonds.

In some cases, ceremonial behaviors may have health implications. For example, participation in cultural or religious rituals can provide a sense of community and support, which can have positive effects on mental health. Additionally, certain ceremonial practices, such as meditation or prayer, may have direct physiological effects that contribute to stress reduction and relaxation.

However, it's important to note that the term "ceremonial behavior" is not a medical diagnosis or clinical concept, and its meaning can vary depending on the context in which it is used.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Djibouti" is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It does not have a medical definition. If you have any questions about Djibouti's geography, culture, or history, I would be happy to try to help answer them! However, if you have a question about a medical term or concept, please let me know and I will do my best to provide a helpful and accurate response.

Women's rights, in a medical context, refer to the legal, social, and political rights and entitlements of women, specifically in relation to health, reproductive justice, and access to quality healthcare services. These rights encompass:

1. Autonomy over one's own body and medical decisions, including the right to informed consent and refusal of treatment.
2. Equitable access to comprehensive healthcare services, including sexual and reproductive healthcare, without discrimination based on gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or other factors.
3. Protection from coerced sterilization, forced pregnancy, and other forms of reproductive oppression.
4. Access to safe and legal abortion services, as well as emergency contraception and other family planning methods.
5. The right to high-quality maternal healthcare, including prenatal care, skilled birth attendance, and postpartum care.
6. Protection from gender-based violence, including sexual assault, domestic violence, and female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C).
7. The right to accurate and comprehensive health education, including information about sexual and reproductive health.
8. Representation and participation in healthcare decision-making processes at all levels, from individual patient care to policy development.
9. Access to culturally competent and respectful healthcare services that recognize and address the unique needs and experiences of women.
10. The right to privacy and confidentiality in healthcare settings, including protection of medical records and personal health information.

Human rights abuses in a medical context can refer to violations of the right to health, which is a fundamental human right recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations. This includes:

* Denial of access to necessary healthcare, including sexual and reproductive health services
* Discrimination in the provision of healthcare based on race, ethnicity, gender, age, disability, sexual orientation, or other status
* Use of torture or other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment in healthcare settings
* Experimentation on human subjects without their informed consent
* Violation of confidentiality and privacy in the provision of healthcare services
* Inhumane living conditions in places of detention, such as prisons and immigration detention centers, which can lead to negative health outcomes.

Additionally, Human rights abuses can also refer to violations of other human rights that have an impact on a person's health, such as:

* Violence against women, children, LGBTQ+ individuals, minorities and other marginalized groups
* Forced displacement and migration
* Denial of the right to education, food, water and sanitation
* Inhumane working conditions
* Torture and ill-treatment
* Arbitrary detention and enforced disappearances
* Violations of freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly.

These abuses can lead to physical and mental health problems, including chronic illnesses, disabilities, and psychological trauma. They can also exacerbate existing health conditions and make it more difficult for individuals to access necessary healthcare services.

The medical term for nail biting is "Onychophagia." It's classified as a type of body-focused repetitive behavior, which is a category of mental health disorders characterized by the repeated compulsion to engage in certain self-grooming behaviors that cause physical damage. In the case of onychophagia, the individual repeatedly bites their nails, often until they bleed or become severely damaged. This can lead to various complications, such as infection and dental issues. It's important to note that while nail biting is a common habit, when it becomes repetitive, compulsive, and causes significant distress or impairment, it may be indicative of a broader mental health condition.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Somalia" is not a medical term. It is a country located in the Horn of Africa. If you have any questions about medical terms or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer them for you.

Female genitalia refer to the reproductive and sexual organs located in the female pelvic region. They are primarily involved in reproduction, menstruation, and sexual activity. The external female genitalia, also known as the vulva, include the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and the external openings of the urethra and vagina. The internal female genitalia consist of the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. These structures work together to facilitate menstruation, fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.

Male circumcision is a surgical procedure to remove the foreskin, which is the skin that covers the head (glans) of the penis. In some cultures and religions, male circumcision is performed as a religious rite or cultural tradition. In other cases, it may be recommended for medical reasons, such as to treat phimosis (a condition in which the foreskin is too tight to be pulled back over the glans) or to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections and other conditions. The procedure is typically performed on infants or young boys, but it can also be done on older males.

In the context of medical science, culture refers to the growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi, under controlled conditions in a laboratory setting. This process is used to identify and study the characteristics of these microorganisms, including their growth patterns, metabolic activities, and sensitivity to various antibiotics or other treatments.

The culture medium, which provides nutrients for the microorganisms to grow, can be modified to mimic the environment in which the organism is typically found. This helps researchers to better understand how the organism behaves in its natural habitat.

In addition to its use in diagnosis and research, culture is also an important tool in monitoring the effectiveness of treatments and tracking the spread of infectious diseases.

  • A joint statement released by the United Nations and numerous other international bodies opposes female genital mutilation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The practice of female genital mutilation (FGM) is performed for historically engrained cultural beliefs with no recognized health benefits. (medscape.com)
  • The practice of female genital mutilation (FGM), also referred to as cutting, pricking, or female circumcision, is performed for historically ingrained traditional beliefs with no recognized health benefits. (medscape.com)
  • UNICEF is currently implementing programs contributing to the Sustainable Development Goal 5, target 5.3, the elimination of female genital mutilation (FGM) by 2030, in 17 countries in Africa and the Middle East. (unicef.org)
  • Female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. (cdc.gov)
  • 2008). Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation, An Interagency Statement . (cdc.gov)
  • 2016). Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Global Concern . (cdc.gov)
  • GENEVE / CONAKRY (25 April 2016) - A new UN report released Monday says that, despite being forbidden by national and international law, female genital mutilation and/or excision shows no sign of abating in Guinea: 97 percent of women and girls aged 15 to 49 years in Guinea have undergone female genital mutilation and/or excision. (ohchr.org)
  • Although female genital mutilation appears to be decreasing worldwide, this is not the case in Guinea, where this practice is widespread in every region and among every ethnic, religious and social group," said UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein. (ohchr.org)
  • The report shows that, in recent years, female genital mutilation and/or excision (FGM/E) has been inflicted on girls at a younger age than was previously the case. (ohchr.org)
  • Female genital mutilation is not only an extremely detrimental to women and girls' health and well-being, it is also an atrocious act of violence. (ohchr.org)
  • Female genital mutilation (FGM) is defined as the partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or any practice that purposely changes or injures the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. (hse.ie)
  • The Criminal Justice (Female Genital Mutilation) Act 2012 makes it a criminal offence to remove a girl from the state to mutilate her genitals. (hse.ie)
  • Eight years after the Federal Government signed the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act 2015 into law which banned Female Genital Mutilation practice in Nigeria, investigations by PUNCH HealthWise confirmed that many girls are still subjected to the illegal harmful practice as many survivors groan in silence. (punchng.com)
  • Mrs. Nnenna (surname withheld for fear of intimidation) is unhappy that her three-year-old daughter underwent Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). (punchng.com)
  • Female genital mutilation is sometimes referred to with other terms like female circumcision and female genital cutting. (forwarduk.org.uk)
  • We use 'female genital mutilation,' because we believe it most accurately describes the experience and effects of FGM on women and girls. (forwarduk.org.uk)
  • Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is a criminal offence. (cps.gov.uk)
  • Section 5A(2)(a) and Schedule 2, Part 1 of the Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003 (FGM Act 2003) provides for the making of FGMPOs in England and Wales. (cps.gov.uk)
  • Female genital mutilation (FGM) has affected over 125 million girls and women around the world - mainly in Africa and the Middle East - and although it's illegal in the UK, the issue has become more widespread as communities who practise it migrate from overseas and settle in Britain. (coventry.ac.uk)
  • however, groups as ideologically opposite as the United Nations Population Fund have also written about the potential danger in referring to genital mutilation as "cutting. (foxnews.com)
  • UNFPA embraces a human rights perspective on the issue, and the term 'female genital mutilation' more accurately describes the practice from a human rights viewpoint," a question-and-answer section of the UNFPA website says. (foxnews.com)
  • Yesterday, the U.N. resident and humanitarian coordinator in Iraq warned reporters that ISIS - the Sunni militant group taking over Iraq and Syria - had ordered 4 million women and girls in Mosul to undergo genital mutilation. (gawker.com)
  • Razor blades often used before carrying out female genital mutilation. (foxnews.com)
  • MINNEAPOLIS, Minn. - Republican state legislator Mary Franson has spent two years pushing for a new state law that would allow tougher prosecution of parents who facilitate or allow the genital mutilation of their daughters. (foxnews.com)
  • The bill makes FGM (female genital mutilation) a felony, and it empowers social services to come in and take those children out of the home and remove the parental right from those parents," Franson told Fox News in an interview. (foxnews.com)
  • This ruling underscores the dire need to pass my bill to protect girls from female genital mutilation and send a message to parents that there are consequences for this practice," she said. (foxnews.com)
  • This comprehensive bill which will protect women and girls in Arkansas from the harmful practices known as female genital mutilation (FGM). (atheists.org)
  • Egypt to revive female genital mutilation in the name of Islam? (rt.com)
  • The politician has previously proposed a bill that would allow the practice, also known as female genital mutilation. (rt.com)
  • And Hussein Ibrahim, head of the party's parliamentary bloc, told the People's Assembly that the party did not sponsor any such campaigns.Meanwhile, Mervat Tallawy, the head of the National Council for Women, said it will adopt an awareness campaign in various governorates in Egypt to address the grave consequences of female genital mutilation. (rt.com)
  • Egypt officially banned female genital mutilation in 2007. (rt.com)
  • Female genital mutilation of any type has been recognized as a harmful practise and is a violation of human rights. (who.int)
  • There are four classifications of female genital mutilation. (who.int)
  • It is estimated that an additional 1 to 2 babies per 100 deliveries die as a result of female genital mutilation. (who.int)
  • The most recent prevalence data indicates 91.5 million girls and women are currently living with the consequences of female genital mutilation and an additional 3 million girls are at risk every year. (who.int)
  • Female genital mutilation (FGM) includes procedures that intentionally alter or cause injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. (who.int)
  • What was once known as 'female circumcision' is now described as female genital mutilation, given it involves the severe, irreversible alteration of a young woman's genitals. (spiked-online.com)
  • Multiple overlapping crises are putting millions of girls at increased risk of female genital mutilation. (ipsnews.net)
  • I suspect that most of you have at least heard of female genital mutilation, or FGM. (ipsnews.net)
  • Survivors of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C), are determined to share their stories to end this practice - even though they face ostracisation by their communities. (ipsnews.net)
  • But what she dreaded more than a flying bullet was Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). (ipsnews.net)
  • When society doesn't act to prevent Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) it has a massive economic cost -- over $1 billion -- on communities globally. (ipsnews.net)
  • Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) poses serious risks to the health and well-being of women and girls, but it also exacts a crippling economic toll, according to the World Health Organization ( WHO ). (ipsnews.net)
  • On 06 February 2017, the world marks the 14th International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation (FGM). (ipsnews.net)
  • After years of wrangling and debates among African leaders, the movement to end female genital mutilation (FGM) is gaining real momentum, with a new action plan signed this week by Pan African Parliament (PAP) representatives and the U.N. Population Fund (UNFPA) to end FGM as well as underage marriage. (ipsnews.net)
  • Jaha Dukureh knows firsthand the barbaric effects of undergoing female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C). Now a resident of the United States, she was mutilated as a baby in the Gambia in West Africa. (ipsnews.net)
  • The U.K.'s failure to ever successfully prosecute a female genital mutilation case in a country where thousands of women are known to have undergone the procedure was declared a national disgrace by British lawmakers Sept. 15, according to a Fox News article from the same date. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • The practice of female genital mutilation has been illegal in the U.K. since 1985. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Teachers, health care professionals and social workers have been legally mandated since 2015 to report cases of genital mutilation in individuals under 18 they become aware of to law enforcement, according to a Nov. 3, 2015, Huffington Post article. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Female genital mutilation is a surgical procedure that alters or causes injury to female genitalia for non-medical reasons. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Female genital mutilation is a cultural practice, which in certain cases, makes people reluctant to criticize or prosecute it. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • However, with a procedure as dangerous as female genital mutilation, steps must be taken to protect women, especially those who go through the procedure unwillingly or without knowing the medical consequences. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Britain's problem with prosecuting female genital mutilation cases is not unique. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Female genital mutilation has been compared to sexual assault for its reputation as a difficult to prosecute and rarely reported crime. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Female genital mutilation became illegal in Egypt in 2008. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • In the U.S., female genital mutilation became illegal in 1996, but the number of girls under 18 at risk of undergoing the procedure in the U.S. has quadrupled since 1997 with an estimated 513,000 women and girls at risk, according to the AHA Foundation, an international women's rights group. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • The United Nations has even declared Feb. 6 as the "International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Women and as well as men need to be aware of the harmful effects of female genital mutilation and the need to set a precedent for how this crime should be treated. (columbiachronicle.com)
  • Flashback Friday: Spiders perform female genital mutilation to ensure faithfulness. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Here, scientists report that male orb-weaving spiders perform genital mutilation on females to ensure they never mate with another male. (discovermagazine.com)
  • External genital mutilation is an overlooked but widely spread phenomenon since 80 additional spider species were found for which male genital manipulation can be suspected. (discovermagazine.com)
  • Despite Egypt outlawing female genital mutilation and introducing punishments, a new study has found that the country is nowhere close to achieving its aim of ending FGM by 2030. (dw.com)
  • A new study by the Cairo-based Tadwein Center for Gender Studies has found that that 86% of underprivileged women aged 18 to 35 in Egypt, a country of more than 102 million people, have been subject to female genital mutilation (FGM), also called female genital cutting (FGC). (dw.com)
  • Still, those numbers reveal that almost half of the girls born in Egypt are still at risk of undergoing genital mutilation. (dw.com)
  • An Islamic cleric from Russia's North Caucasus has called for all Russian women to undergo female genital mutilation (FGM), the Fontanka news website reported Wednesday. (themoscowtimes.com)
  • Female genital mutilation (FGM), which affects more than 200 million women and girls around the world, is a human rights violation deeply rooted in gender equality and discrimination. (equalitynow.org)
  • Every year, at least 3.9 million girls are at risk of undergoing female genital mutilation globally. (equalitynow.org)
  • A counselor holds up cards used to educate women about female genital mutilation (FGM) in Minia, Egypt. (minnpost.com)
  • Scandinavians - rather than quietly recoiling as immigrant mothers take their Europe-born daughters on vacation to Africa be circumcised - are fighting the traffic in female genital mutilation (FGM). (minnpost.com)
  • Female genital mutilation is a manifestation of gender inequality. (minnpost.com)
  • Every year, three million girls and women are subjected to genital mutilation/cutting, a dangerous and potentially life-threatening procedure that causes unspeakable pain and suffering. (unicef-irc.org)
  • In today's focus, Rebecca Newman investigates the facts about Female Genital Mutilation and how you can join the fight against it. (eco-age.com)
  • She had just the time to see a gypsy woman flourish a razor blade, before her world went black and she was subject to Female Genital Mutilation. (eco-age.com)
  • GENEVA: The WHO (World Health Organization) said Friday that female genital mutilation is a form of torture that must be stamped out, even if it is performed by trained medical personnel. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • The medicalization of female genital mutilation, often called female circumcision and also known as FGM, fails to prevent innocent girls from being permanently scarred by the procedure, threatening them as adults when giving birth and endangering the lives of their newborn babies, the WHO said in unveiling a report on genital mutilation s maternal health effects. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • Performing genital mutilation is the worst thing that a medical doctor could possibly do, said Joy Phumaphi, WHO assistant director-general and a former health minister from Botswana. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • Genital mutilation is practiced primarily in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • An estimated 3 million women and girls undergo genital mutilation each year, according to UNICEF. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • When the world is trying to save animals, when the world is trying to save plants, women in Africa are subjected to unnecessary torture in the name of tradition, said Berhane Ras-Work, president of the non-governmental group IAC, which campaigns against genital mutilation. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • While medicalization may help against the spread of HIV/AIDS through the use of cleaner instruments for the procedure, Geneva-based WHO said it was opposed to any proposals that would endorse genital mutilation. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • The WHO s study, to be published Friday in The Lancet medical journal, found that women who have suffered the most serious form of genital mutilation have a 70 percent greater chance of experiencing post-childbirth hemorrhage compared with women who weren t mutilated. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • This case illustrates the complex interlinkages between child marriage, early pregnancy, female genital mutilation (FGM) and the underlying gender inequality that contributes to sustaining harmful practices and women and girls' exposure to poor health, discrimination, social stigma, and exclusion. (kit.nl)
  • The effects of the "mutilation" that Mosley describes falling victim to as a child is not unlike the horrific procedure of female genital mutilation, which involves partial or total removal of the external female genitalia. (iwf.org)
  • In The Gambia, more than half of girls aged 0-14 years have undergone some form of female genital mutilation, whilst more than one in four girls is married before her 18th birthday. (unicef.org)
  • Female genital mutilation and child marriage rob girls of their childhood, health, and sometimes their lives. (unicef.org)
  • Female genital mutilation has been reported to occur in all parts of the world, but it is most prevalent in: the western, eastern, and north-eastern regions of Africa, some countries in Asia and the Middle East and among certain immigrant communities in North America and Europe. (who.int)
  • The American Academy of Pediatrics addresses the medically unnecessary practice of female genital mutilation or cutting (FGM/C) in a new clinical report that acknowledges that the procedure, while outlawed in most countries, is still being performed on girls and adolescents and can cause lifelong harm. (healthychildren.org)
  • The clinical report, " Diagnosis, Management, and Treatment of Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Girls ​,' is published in the August 2020 Pediatrics . (healthychildren.org)
  • And I flew to Kenya where [women were working to stop] the practice of female genital mutilation. (whatswrongwiththeworld.net)
  • The investigation into female genital mutilation (FGM) in Michigan has now spread to five other states after authorities identified possible new defendants. (legalinsurrection.com)
  • When the government makes claims like it 'estimates' that Dr. Nagarwala performed (female genital mutilation) on at least 100 minor girls, the government is unable to support the assertion and certainly has provided no discovery to support the claim. (legalinsurrection.com)
  • Smith attacked portions of the sealed filing, including the government's argument that female genital mutilation can lead to short-term complications, including pain, risk of bleeding and hemorrhage, shock, infection, sepsis and even death. (legalinsurrection.com)
  • As seen in video footage posted on Twitter, a student attending an event featuring Linda Sarsour asked her to address a tweet she sent in which she attacks two prominent critics of female genital mutilation (FGM) and expresses a desire to "take their vaginas away. (legalinsurrection.com)
  • Female genital mutilation and forced marriage are human rights violations and grave forms of violence against women and girls. (europeansources.info)
  • The Declaration of the Committee of Ministers on the need to step up efforts to prevent and combat female genital mutilation and forced marriage in Europe calls on member States to fully recognise these practices as human rights violations which concern European States, and to this end to develop national action plans and strategies, and to promote exchanges of practices in order to fight against these human rights affronts. (europeansources.info)
  • The Guide to good and promising practices aimed at preventing and combating female genital mutilation and forced marriage aims at providing strategic guidance on the standards, principles, features and characteristics of the necessary integrated response to end these practices. (europeansources.info)
  • In support of these elements the Guide also outlines selected current initiatives being taken by a number of Council of Europe member States in preventing, combating and addressing the effects of female genital mutilation and forced marriage. (europeansources.info)
  • Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) or Female Circumcision, includes any partial or total excision of the external female genitalia for non-medical/non-therapeutic purposes. (kit.nl)
  • With the passage of the Female Genital Mutilation Act in 1996, performing FGM/C on anyone under age 18 became a felony in the United States. (nih.gov)
  • Female genital mutilation is a traditional practice in some cultures in parts of Africa (usually northern or central Africa). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Female genital mutilation may be decreasing due to the influence of religious leaders who have spoken out against the practice and growing opposition in some communities. (msdmanuals.com)
  • See also the WHO's Female genital mutilation fact sheet. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Females who become pregnant after female genital mutilation may have significant perineal lacerations or hemorrhage during childbirth. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Female genital mutilation : integrating the prevention and the management of the health complications into the curricula of nursing and midwifery. (who.int)
  • Lived experiences and opinions of women of sub-Saharan origin on female genital mutilation: A phenomenological study. (bvsalud.org)
  • This study aimed to describe and understand the lived experiences and opinions of sub-Saharan women living in Spain in relation to female genital mutilation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Female genital mutilation is a bloody procedure with serious consequences for the health of women and girls . (bvsalud.org)
  • Female genital mutilation was experienced by women as a very aggressive and traumatic event. (bvsalud.org)
  • RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Caring for women who have suffered from female genital mutilation requires awareness of the traumatic experience they underwent when they were girls . (bvsalud.org)
  • Healthcare professionals play a crucial role in eradicating female genital mutilation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The disturbing modern trend for arm-cutting among teenagers has been referred to as a form of self-mutilation. (spiked-online.com)
  • It is a simple lesson about cat self-mutilation which is not an uncommon cat health problem . (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • By "self-mutilation" I mean overgrooming to the point where the fur is lost and the skin quite possibly damaged and scratching the skin and often the ears to the point where the skin is broken and it bleeds. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • So self-mutilation can be caused by self-mutilation. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • Oral self-mutilation in Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • Compul sive self-mutilation and dystonia occurs before the first year of age and is expressed by persistent bites on the oral mucosa, lips, tongue, fingers, and shoulders. (nih.gov)
  • The article aims to discuss self - mutilation and its narratives by adolescents in a school context. (bvsalud.org)
  • O'Brien has found reports of animal mutilations as early as 1605 in England. (coasttocoastam.com)
  • Most of his research has taken place in the San Luis Valley of southern Colorado, which has historically been ground zero for anomalous animal mutilations. (coasttocoastam.com)
  • Wave of Mutilation showcases my love for the music, graphic design and recording artists of the independent British 4ad record label from 1981 to present. (kkcr.org)
  • As Consequence of Sound points out, today they've wrangled composer/guitarist Daniel Davies, son of the Kinks ' Dave Davies and godson of film director/composer, John Carpenter , to cover Pixies' thematically appropriate "Wave of Mutilation. (spin.com)
  • The average age of girls who undergo mutilation is 7 years, and mutilation is typically done without anesthesia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Women and girls who have undergone this mutilation may present in various health-care settings. (hse.ie)
  • November 5 , 2009 Albuquerque, New Mexico - The following continues from Parts 1- 7 about the 1980 animal mutilation high strangeness summary I typed up for my private research files and am now sharing for the first time in this Real X-Files series. (earthfiles.com)
  • Mutilation accounts are often accompanied by sightings of strange helicopters or UFOs. (think.cz)
  • Mutilation, by contrast, involves "the removal or irreparable disfigurement, by any means, of some smaller portion of one of those larger sections of a living or dead person. (wikipedia.org)
  • Maiming, or mutilation which involves the loss of, or incapacity to use, a bodily member, is and has been practiced by many societies with various cultural and religious significance, and is also a customary form of physical punishment, especially applied on the principle of an eye for an eye. (wikipedia.org)
  • The mutilation usually involves removal of the clitoris. (dailynewsegypt.com)
  • Mutilation' emphasises the severity of the practice and abuse of women and girls' human rights. (forwarduk.org.uk)
  • Ethiopian and Eritrean troops have raped hundreds of women and girls during the Tigray war, subjecting some to sexual slavery and mutilation, human rights group Amnesty International has said in a 36-page report. (aljazeera.com)
  • New evidence concerning the bizarre phenomenon generally known as 'cattle mutilations' (or 'bovine excisions,' the term preferred by Michigan biophysicist Wm. (rense.com)
  • The Department of Livestock doesn't track cattle mutilations, leaving it to individual county sheriffs to investigate. (ufodigest.com)
  • On the basis of available evidence, these livestock mutilations appeared to be a law enforcement problem, a belief shared by Senator Garrison Schmitt, who at that time was attempting to initiate a federal. (think.cz)
  • On February 1, 1979, the district attorney's office, First Judicial District, submitted a grant proposal to the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) requesting $44,170 to fund an investigation of livestock mutilations in New Mexico. (think.cz)
  • By that time the mutilation problem in New Mexico had catapulted into the national spotlight as the result of a special conference on livestock mutilations conducted by Senator Schmitt. (think.cz)
  • The New Mexico reports, like those from other parts of the country, describe the mutilations as being characterized by the precise surgical removal of certain parts of the animal, particularly the sexual organs and rectum. (think.cz)
  • From his 28 years of investigation, O'Brien feels that "there is is no one-size fits all explanation" that includes all of the features of mutilation cases that he has researched or personally investigated. (coasttocoastam.com)
  • According to information furnished to the district attorney's office, prior to this investigation, more than 60 mutilations have been reported in that county. (think.cz)
  • That is the message that the staples-through-the-eyebrows crowd is attempting to convey, about their bodies, with their self-mutilations. (whatswrongwiththeworld.net)
  • In the most recent edition of Filer Files (No.44 - 2000), there appeared a report concerning new evidence discovered in a cattle mutilation case. (rense.com)
  • So it is widely recognised that some forms of body modification can legitimately be described as mutilation, especially those that have no health benefits, and which may change a person's life for the worse. (spiked-online.com)
  • Mutilation or maiming (from the Latin: mutilus) is severe damage to the body that has a subsequent utterly ruinous effect on an individual's quality of life. (wikipedia.org)
  • O'Brien has noticed that most mutilations seem to occur downstream and downwind from areas of radioactive contamination, which he believes may be an important clue. (coasttocoastam.com)
  • Though both have since left the Pondera Sheriff's Office, Dick Dailey and Dan Campbell collected photos and evidence on Montana cattle mutilations for years, pinpointing each incident on a map. (ufodigest.com)
  • He said he would not use the term mutilation himself, but 'gender-reversal surgery for young adolescents' is a 'significant issue' that some parents are 'very concerned' about. (spiked-online.com)
  • Castration is also a form of mutilation. (wikipedia.org)
  • The traditional Chinese practice of foot binding is a form of mutilation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another form of mutilation that has captured the imagination of Westerners is the "long-neck" people, a sub-group of the Karen known as the Padaung where women wear brass rings around their necks to artificially make them longer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Are breast implants a form of mutilation? (spiked-online.com)
  • By December 1977, sheriff's deputies had investigated 67 mutilation cases in Cascade, Judith Basin, Chouteau, Teton and Pondera counties. (ufodigest.com)
  • Grainger investigated several cow mutilation cases while he was the Roosevelt County Sheriff, before he started working for the state. (ufodigest.com)
  • Although mutilations have been reported throughout the state, a large number of cases have occurred in Rio Arriba County, which is under the legal jurisdiction of the First Judicial District. (think.cz)
  • However, that explanation doesn't sit right with Pondera County Sheriff Tom Kuka, who first heard about the strange mutilations while growing up near Valier. (ufodigest.com)

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