Elements of residence that characterize a population. They are applicable in determining need for and utilization of health services.
The inhabitants of rural areas or of small towns classified as rural.
The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan areas and suburban areas.
The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.
Living facilities for humans.
Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
The status of health in urban populations.
Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.
The status of health in rural populations.
The science dealing with the earth and its life, especially the description of land, sea, and air and the distribution of plant and animal life, including humanity and human industries with reference to the mutual relations of these elements. (From Webster, 3d ed)
Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.
The term "United States" in a medical context often refers to the country where a patient or study participant resides, and is not a medical term per se, but relevant for epidemiological studies, healthcare policies, and understanding differences in disease prevalence, treatment patterns, and health outcomes across various geographic locations.
The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.
The process of leaving one's country to establish residence in a foreign country.
Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.
Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.
Educational attainment or level of education of individuals.
The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.
An arrangement of wires distributing electricity.
A stratum of people with similar position and prestige; includes social stratification. Social class is measured by criteria such as education, occupation, and income.
The degree to which individuals are inhibited or facilitated in their ability to gain entry to and to receive care and services from the health care system. Factors influencing this ability include geographic, architectural, transportational, and financial considerations, among others.
An infant during the first month after birth.
The geographic area of the southeastern region of the United States in general or when the specific state or states are not included. The states usually included in this region are Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, West Virginia, and Virginia.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.
Any substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Substances include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; and volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.
Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.
A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.
Statistical interpretation and description of a population with reference to distribution, composition, or structure.
The number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It also is used for the rate at which new events occur in a defined population. It is differentiated from PREVALENCE, which refers to all cases, new or old, in the population at a given time.
The monitoring of the level of toxins, chemical pollutants, microbial contaminants, or other harmful substances in the environment (soil, air, and water), workplace, or in the bodies of people and animals present in that environment.
The frequency of different ages or age groups in a given population. The distribution may refer to either how many or what proportion of the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.
Process of cultural change in which one group or members of a group assimilate various cultural patterns from another.
Waste products which threaten life, health, or the environment when improperly treated, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed.
Computer systems capable of assembling, storing, manipulating, and displaying geographically referenced information, i.e. data identified according to their locations.
Gases, fumes, vapors, and odors escaping from the cylinders of a gasoline or diesel internal-combustion engine. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed & Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.
The contamination of indoor air.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "California" is a place, specifically a state on the western coast of the United States, and not a medical term or concept. Therefore, it doesn't have a medical definition.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Poland" is not a medical term or concept; it is a country located in Central Europe. If you have any questions about medical topics or definitions, I would be happy to help answer those!
Revenues or receipts accruing from business enterprise, labor, or invested capital.
A vertical distance measured from a known level on the surface of a planet or other celestial body.
Means or process of supplying water (as for a community) usually including reservoirs, tunnels, and pipelines and often the watershed from which the water is ultimately drawn. (Webster, 3d ed)
People who leave their place of residence in one country and settle in a different country.
A set of techniques used when variation in several variables has to be studied simultaneously. In statistics, multivariate analysis is interpreted as any analytic method that allows simultaneous study of two or more dependent variables.
The number of males and females in a given population. The distribution may refer to how many men or women or what proportion of either in the group. The population is usually patients with a specific disease but the concept is not restricted to humans and is not restricted to medicine.
A situation in which the level of living of an individual, family, or group is below the standard of the community. It is often related to a specific income level.
The inhabitants of peripheral or adjacent areas of a city or town.
A province of Canada, lying between the provinces of Saskatchewan and Ontario. Its capital is Winnipeg. Taking its name from Lake Manitoba, itself named for one of its islands, the name derived from Algonquian Manitou, great spirit. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p724 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p332)
The time it takes for a substance (drug, radioactive nuclide, or other) to lose half of its pharmacologic, physiologic, or radiologic activity.
City, urban, rural, or suburban areas which are characterized by severe economic deprivation and by accompanying physical and social decay.
A province of eastern Canada, one of the Maritime Provinces with NEW BRUNSWICK; PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND; and sometimes NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR. Its capital is Halifax. The territory was granted in 1621 by James I to the Scotsman Sir William Alexander and was called Nova Scotia, the Latin for New Scotland. The territory had earlier belonged to the French, under the name of Acadia. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p871 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p384)
Chemicals used to destroy pests of any sort. The concept includes fungicides (FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL); INSECTICIDES; RODENTICIDES; etc.
A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships.
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.
The methyl homolog of parathion. An effective, but highly toxic, organothiophosphate insecticide and cholinesterase inhibitor.
The measurement of radiation by photography, as in x-ray film and film badge, by Geiger-Mueller tube, and by SCINTILLATION COUNTING.
Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable.
The status of health in suburban populations.
Ongoing scrutiny of a population (general population, study population, target population, etc.), generally using methods distinguished by their practicability, uniformity, and frequently their rapidity, rather than by complete accuracy.
The systems and processes involved in the establishment, support, management, and operation of registers, e.g., disease registers.
A demographic parameter indicating a person's status with respect to marriage, divorce, widowhood, singleness, etc.
Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.
Units that convert some other form of energy into electrical energy.
Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Collection, analysis, and interpretation of data about the frequency, distribution, and consequences of disease or health conditions, for use in the planning, implementing, and evaluating public health programs.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but 'England' is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, known for its rich history, cultural heritage, and contributions to medical science. However, in a medical context, it may refer to the location of a patient, healthcare provider, or research study, but it is not a term with a specific medical meaning.
Enumerations of populations usually recording identities of all persons in every place of residence with age or date of birth, sex, occupation, national origin, language, marital status, income, relation to head of household, information on the dwelling place, education, literacy, health-related data (e.g., permanent disability), etc. The census or "numbering of the people" is mentioned several times in the Old Testament. Among the Romans, censuses were intimately connected with the enumeration of troops before and after battle and probably a military necessity. (From Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 3d ed; Garrison, An Introduction to the History of Medicine, 4th ed, p66, p119)
Housing for groups of patients, children, or others who need or desire emotional or physical support. They are usually established as planned, single housekeeping units in residential dwellings that provide care and supervision for small groups of residents, who, although unrelated, live together as a family.
High temperature destruction of waste by burning with subsequent reduction to ashes or conversion to an inert mass.
Size and composition of the family.
A statistically significant excess of cases of a disease, occurring within a limited space-time continuum.
The science, art or practice of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
A range of values for a variable of interest, e.g., a rate, constructed so that this range has a specified probability of including the true value of the variable.
Measurement of radioactivity in the entire human body.
Aspects of health and disease related to travel.
The presence of contaminants or pollutant substances in the air (AIR POLLUTANTS) that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. The substances may include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; or volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Wales" is not a medical term and does not have a medical definition. It is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, located in Europe. If you have any questions about a specific medical topic, I would be happy to help answer those!
Used for general articles concerning statistics of births, deaths, marriages, etc.
The largest country in North America, comprising 10 provinces and three territories. Its capital is Ottawa.
The qualitative or quantitative estimation of the likelihood of adverse effects that may result from exposure to specified health hazards or from the absence of beneficial influences. (Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 1988)
The level of health of the individual, group, or population as subjectively assessed by the individual or by more objective measures.
All deaths reported in a given population.
People who frequently change their place of residence.

Incidence and duration of hospitalizations among persons with AIDS: an event history approach. (1/4722)

OBJECTIVE: To analyze hospitalization patterns of persons with AIDS (PWAs) in a multi-state/multi-episode continuous time duration framework. DATA SOURCES: PWAs on Medicaid identified through a match between the state's AIDS Registry and Medicaid eligibility files; hospital admission and discharge dates identified through Medicaid claims. STUDY DESIGN: Using a Weibull event history framework, we model the hazard of transition between hospitalized and community spells, incorporating the competing risk of death in each of these states. Simulations are used to translate these parameters into readily interpretable estimates of length of stay, the probability that a hospitalization will end in death, and the probability that a nonhospitalized person will be hospitalized within 90 days. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In multivariate analyses, participation in a Medicaid waiver program offering case management and home care was associated with hospital stays 1.3 days shorter than for nonparticipants. African American race and Hispanic ethnicity were associated with hospital stays 1.2 days and 1.0 day longer than for non-Hispanic whites; African Americans also experienced more frequent hospital admissions. Residents of the high-HIV-prevalence area of the state had more frequent admissions and stays two days longer than those residing elsewhere in the state. Older PWAs experienced less frequent hospital admissions but longer stays, with hospitalizations of 55-year-olds lasting 8.25 days longer than those of 25-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: Much socioeconomic and geographic variability exists both in the incidence and in the duration of hospitalization among persons with AIDS in New Jersey. Event history analysis provides a useful statistical framework for analysis of these variations, deals appropriately with data in which duration of observation varies from individual to individual, and permits the competing risk of death to be incorporated into the model. Transition models of this type have broad applicability in modeling the risk and duration of hospitalization in chronic illnesses.  (+info)

Effects of family history and place and season of birth on the risk of schizophrenia. (2/4722)

BACKGROUND: Although a family history of schizophrenia is the best-established risk factor for schizophrenia, environmental factors such as the place and season of birth may also be important. METHODS: Using data from the Civil Registration System in Denmark, we established a population-based cohort of 1.75 million persons whose mothers were Danish women born between 1935 and 1978. We linked this cohort to the Danish Psychiatric Central Register and identified 2669 cases of schizophrenia among cohort members and additional cases among their parents. RESULTS: The respective relative risks of schizophrenia for persons with a mother, father, or sibling who had schizophrenia were 9.31 (95 percent confidence interval, 7.24 to 11.96), 7.20 (95 percent confidence interval, 5.10 to 10.16), and 6.99 (95 percent confidence interval, 5.38 to 9.09), as compared with persons with no affected parents or siblings. The risk of schizophrenia was associated with the degree of urbanization of the place of birth (relative risk for the capital vs. rural areas, 2.40; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.13 to 2.70). The risk was also significantly associated with the season of birth; it was highest for births in February and March and lowest for births in August and September. The population attributable risk was 5.5 percent for a history of schizophrenia in a parent or sibling, 34.6 percent for urban place of birth, and 10.5 percent for the season of birth. CONCLUSIONS: Although a history of schizophrenia in a parent or sibling is associated with the highest relative risk of having the disease, the place and season of birth account for many more cases on a population basis.  (+info)

Natural history of Helicobacter pylori infection in childhood: 12-year follow-up cohort study in a biracial community. (3/4722)

We assessed the pattern of acquisition and loss of Helicobacter pylori infection in a cohort of 212 children from a biracial community with a homogeneous socioeconomic class. The children were followed over 12 years (1973-1974 to 1985-1986) from childhood to young adulthood. H. pylori status was assessed by the presence of serum IgG antibodies to H. pylori. At ages 7-9, 19% of children had H. pylori infection (40% of blacks vs. 11% of whites; P = .0001); 12 years later, 33% were seropositive. The higher prevalence among blacks remained (P = .0001). During follow-up, 22% of children became infected; the rate of acquisition was fourfold greater among blacks than among whites (P = .001). Over the 12-year period, infection was lost in 50% of whites compared with 4% of blacks who either remained infected or became reinfected. H. pylori infection in childhood is affected by both acquisition and loss of infection in different ethnic groups. This observation is critical for understanding the epidemiology and transmission of H. pylori infection.  (+info)

Exposure to indoor background radiation and urinary concentrations of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative DNA damage. (4/4722)

We investigated whether exposure to indoor [gamma]-radiation and radon might be associated with enough free radical formation to increase urinary concentrations of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a sensitive marker of DNA damage, due to a hydroxyl radical attack at the C8 of guanine. Indoor radon and [gamma]-radiation levels were measured in 32 dwellings for 6 months by solid-state nuclear track detectors and thermoluminescent dosimeters, respectively. Urine samples for 8-OHdG determinations were obtained from 63 healthy adult subjects living in the measured dwellings. An overall tendency toward increasing levels of 8-OHdG with increasing levels of radon and [gamma]-radiation was seen in the females, presumably due to their estimated longer occupancy in the dwellings measured. Different models were considered for females, with the steepest slopes obtained for [gamma]-radiation with a coefficient of 0.500 (log nmol/l of 8-OHdG for each unit increase of [gamma]-radiation on a log scale) (p<0.01), and increasing to 0.632 (p = 0.035), but with larger variance, when radon was included in the model. In conclusion, there seems to be an effect of indoor radioactivity on the urinary excretion of 8-OHdG for females, who are estimated to have a higher occupancy in the dwellings measured than for males, for whom occupational and other agents may also influence 8-OHdG excretion. ree radicals; [gamma]-radiation; radon.  (+info)

Indoor, outdoor, and regional summer and winter concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO4(2)-, H+, NH4+, NO3-, NH3, and nitrous acid in homes with and without kerosene space heaters. (5/4722)

Twenty-four-hour samples of PM10 (mass of particles with aerodynamic diameter < or = 10 microm), PM2.5, (mass of particles with aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm), particle strong acidity (H+), sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), ammonia (NH3), nitrous acid (HONO), and sulfur dioxide were collected inside and outside of 281 homes during winter and summer periods. Measurements were also conducted during summer periods at a regional site. A total of 58 homes of nonsmokers were sampled during the summer periods and 223 homes were sampled during the winter periods. Seventy-four of the homes sampled during the winter reported the use of a kerosene heater. All homes sampled in the summer were located in southwest Virginia. All but 20 homes sampled in the winter were also located in southwest Virginia; the remainder of the homes were located in Connecticut. For homes without tobacco combustion, the regional air monitoring site (Vinton, VA) appeared to provide a reasonable estimate of concentrations of PM2.5 and SO42- during summer months outside and inside homes within the region, even when a substantial number of the homes used air conditioning. Average indoor/outdoor ratios for PM2.5 and SO42- during the summer period were 1.03 +/- 0.71 and 0.74 +/- 0.53, respectively. The indoor/outdoor mean ratio for sulfate suggests that on average approximately 75% of the fine aerosol indoors during the summer is associated with outdoor sources. Kerosene heater use during the winter months, in the absence of tobacco combustion, results in substantial increases in indoor concentrations of PM2.5, SO42-, and possibly H+, as compared to homes without kerosene heaters. During their use, we estimated that kerosene heaters added, on average, approximately 40 microg/m3 of PM2.5 and 15 microg/m3 of SO42- to background residential levels of 18 and 2 microg/m3, respectively. Results from using sulfuric acid-doped Teflon (E.I. Du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, DE) filters in homes with kerosene heaters suggest that acid particle concentrations may be substantially higher than those measured because of acid neutralization by ammonia. During the summer and winter periods indoor concentrations of ammonia are an order of magnitude higher indoors than outdoors and appear to result in lower indoor acid particle concentrations. Nitrous acid levels are higher indoors than outdoors during both winter and summer and are substantially higher in homes with unvented combustion sources.  (+info)

Environmental contaminants and body fat distribution. (6/4722)

The effect of body mass index (BMI) and waist:hip ratio (WHR) on plasma levels of organochlorines [i.e., 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE)] was investigated in a sample of black and white women drawn from a population-based study in North Carolina. Organochlorine levels were determined in plasma samples from 99 women selected on the basis of race (black versus white) and quartile of the WHR (1st versus 4th). Of a panel of 20 organochlorine compounds tested, only DDE was detectable in most study subjects. Measurements of height, weight, and waist and hip circumferences were taken during an in-person interview. Information was elicited regarding dietary, residential, and breast-feeding histories. Results of multiple regression analyses indicate that black women had significantly higher plasma levels of DDE than white women. These levels were independent of BMI and WHR. BMI but not WHR was also found to be an independent predictor of DDE plasma level. These results suggest that black/white differences should be considered in studies that explore the relationship between environmental contaminants and various disease outcomes, such as breast cancer risk. In addition, BMI may affect circulating levels of contaminants and should also be considered a potentially important modifying factor for exposure to lipophilic substances.  (+info)

What's driving an epidemic? The spread of syphilis along an interstate highway in rural North Carolina. (7/4722)

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine whether county syphilis rates were increased along Interstate Highway 95 (I-95) in North Carolina during a recent epidemic. METHODS: Ecological data on syphilis cases demographic data, highway data, and drug activity data were used to conduct a cross-sectional and longitudinal study of North Carolina countries from 1985 to 1994. Crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were determined by means of standard and longitudinal Poisson regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors and drug use. RESULTS: Ten-year syphilis rates in I-95 counties greatly exceeded rates in non-I-95 counties (38 vs 16 cases per 100,000 persons) and remained higher after adjustment for race, age, sex, poverty, large cities, and drug activity (adjusted IRR = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.84, 2.28). Syphilis rates were stable until 1989, when rates increased sharply in I-95 counties but remained stable in non-I-95 counties. Increased drug activity in I-95 counties preceded the rise in syphilis cases. CONCLUSIONS: A better understanding of the relationship between high-ways and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases may guide future prevention interventions.  (+info)

A deviation bar chart for detecting dengue outbreaks in Puerto Rico. (8/4722)

OBJECTIVES: A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention deviation bar chart (Statistical Software for Public Health Surveillance) and laboratory-based surveillance data were evaluated for their utility in detecting dengue outbreaks in Puerto Rico. METHODS: A significant increase in dengue incidence was defined as an excess of suspected cases of more than 2 SDs beyond the mean for all 4-week periods from April through June (the period of lowest seasonal incidence), 1989 through 1993. An outbreak was defined as a cumulative annual rate of reported dengue greater than 3 per 1000 population. RESULTS: Retrospective application of the system to 1994 data showed agreement with previous analyses. In 1995 and 1996, 36.4% and 27.3%, respectively, of municipalities with a significant increase in reports for 2 or more consecutive weeks before the first week of September had an outbreak, compared with 9.0% (in 1995, P = .042) and 6.0% (in 1996, P = .054) of towns without a significant increase. The system showed sensitivity near 40%, specificity near 89%, and accuracy in classifying municipalities near 84%. CONCLUSIONS: This method provides a statistically based, visually striking, specific, and timely signal for dengue control efforts.  (+info)

I'm happy to help, but I need to clarify that "residence characteristics" is not a commonly used medical term. It is more related to the field of public health or epidemiology. However, if you are asking for the characteristics of a residence that could be relevant to medical or health research, they might include:

1. Housing type (single-family home, apartment, mobile home, etc.)
2. Age and condition of the housing unit
3. Presence of environmental hazards (lead paint, asbestos, radon, etc.)
4. Quality of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems
5. Access to clean water and sanitation facilities
6. Safety features (smoke detectors, carbon monoxide detectors, etc.)
7. Presence of pests (rodents, cockroaches, bed bugs, etc.)
8. Neighborhood characteristics (crime rates, access to healthy food options, walkability, etc.)

These factors can all have an impact on the health outcomes of individuals and communities, and are often studied in public health research.

A rural population refers to people who live in areas that are outside of urban areas, typically defined as having fewer than 2,000 residents and lacking certain infrastructure and services such as running water, sewage systems, and paved roads. Rural populations often have less access to healthcare services, education, and economic opportunities compared to their urban counterparts. This population group can face unique health challenges, including higher rates of poverty, limited access to specialized medical care, and a greater exposure to environmental hazards such as agricultural chemicals and industrial pollutants.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Urban Population" is not a medical term. It is a demographic term used to describe the portion of a country's population that lives in areas classified as urban. The United Nations defines an urban area as a city, town, or other agglomeration with a population of 20,000 or more. However, the specific definition can vary by country and organization.

In contrast, medical terms typically refer to conditions, diseases, symptoms, treatments, or healthcare-related concepts. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to help if I can!

Environmental exposure refers to the contact of an individual with any chemical, physical, or biological agent in the environment that can cause a harmful effect on health. These exposures can occur through various pathways such as inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. Examples of environmental exposures include air pollution, water contamination, occupational chemicals, and allergens. The duration and level of exposure, as well as the susceptibility of the individual, can all contribute to the risk of developing an adverse health effect.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "housing" is not a term that has a medical definition. In a general sense, housing refers to a place where someone lives, such as a house or apartment. If you have any questions related to healthcare, medicine, or health-related topics, I would be happy to try to help answer them.

Socioeconomic factors are a range of interconnected conditions and influences that affect the opportunities and resources a person or group has to maintain and improve their health and well-being. These factors include:

1. Economic stability: This includes employment status, job security, income level, and poverty status. Lower income and lack of employment are associated with poorer health outcomes.
2. Education: Higher levels of education are generally associated with better health outcomes. Education can affect a person's ability to access and understand health information, as well as their ability to navigate the healthcare system.
3. Social and community context: This includes factors such as social support networks, discrimination, and community safety. Strong social supports and positive community connections are associated with better health outcomes, while discrimination and lack of safety can negatively impact health.
4. Healthcare access and quality: Access to affordable, high-quality healthcare is an important socioeconomic factor that can significantly impact a person's health. Factors such as insurance status, availability of providers, and cultural competency of healthcare systems can all affect healthcare access and quality.
5. Neighborhood and built environment: The physical conditions in which people live, work, and play can also impact their health. Factors such as housing quality, transportation options, availability of healthy foods, and exposure to environmental hazards can all influence health outcomes.

Socioeconomic factors are often interrelated and can have a cumulative effect on health outcomes. For example, someone who lives in a low-income neighborhood with limited access to healthy foods and safe parks may also face challenges related to employment, education, and healthcare access that further impact their health. Addressing socioeconomic factors is an important part of promoting health equity and reducing health disparities.

Medical Definition:

"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.

Urban health is a branch of public health that focuses on the unique health challenges and disparities faced by urban populations. It encompasses the physical, mental, and social well-being of people living in urban areas, which are characterized by high population density, diverse cultural and socioeconomic backgrounds, and unique environmental exposures.

Urban health addresses a range of issues, including infectious diseases, chronic conditions, injuries, violence, and mental health disorders, as well as the social determinants of health such as housing, education, income, and access to healthcare services. It also considers the impact of urbanization on health, including the effects of pollution, noise, crowding, and lack of green spaces.

The goal of urban health is to promote health equity and improve the overall health outcomes of urban populations by addressing these challenges through evidence-based interventions, policies, and programs that are tailored to the unique needs of urban communities.

"Age factors" refer to the effects, changes, or differences that age can have on various aspects of health, disease, and medical care. These factors can encompass a wide range of issues, including:

1. Physiological changes: As people age, their bodies undergo numerous physical changes that can affect how they respond to medications, illnesses, and medical procedures. For example, older adults may be more sensitive to certain drugs or have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections.
2. Chronic conditions: Age is a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. As a result, age-related medical issues are common and can impact treatment decisions and outcomes.
3. Cognitive decline: Aging can also lead to cognitive changes, including memory loss and decreased decision-making abilities. These changes can affect a person's ability to understand and comply with medical instructions, leading to potential complications in their care.
4. Functional limitations: Older adults may experience physical limitations that impact their mobility, strength, and balance, increasing the risk of falls and other injuries. These limitations can also make it more challenging for them to perform daily activities, such as bathing, dressing, or cooking.
5. Social determinants: Age-related factors, such as social isolation, poverty, and lack of access to transportation, can impact a person's ability to obtain necessary medical care and affect their overall health outcomes.

Understanding age factors is critical for healthcare providers to deliver high-quality, patient-centered care that addresses the unique needs and challenges of older adults. By taking these factors into account, healthcare providers can develop personalized treatment plans that consider a person's age, physical condition, cognitive abilities, and social circumstances.

Rural health is a branch of healthcare that focuses on the unique health challenges and needs of people living in rural areas. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines rural health as "the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in the rural population."

Rural populations often face disparities in healthcare access and quality compared to their urban counterparts. Factors such as geographic isolation, poverty, lack of transportation, and a shortage of healthcare providers can contribute to these disparities. Rural health encompasses a broad range of services, including primary care, prevention, chronic disease management, mental health, oral health, and emergency medical services.

The goal of rural health is to improve the health outcomes of rural populations by addressing these unique challenges and providing high-quality, accessible healthcare services that meet their needs. This may involve innovative approaches such as telemedicine, mobile health clinics, and community-based programs to reach people in remote areas.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "geography" is not a term that has a medical definition. Geography is a field of study that deals with the location and distribution of physical and cultural features on Earth's surface, as well as how humans interact with and affect those features. It is not a concept that is typically used in a medical context. If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you!

Logistic models, specifically logistic regression models, are a type of statistical analysis used in medical and epidemiological research to identify the relationship between the risk of a certain health outcome or disease (dependent variable) and one or more independent variables, such as demographic factors, exposure variables, or other clinical measurements.

In contrast to linear regression models, logistic regression models are used when the dependent variable is binary or dichotomous in nature, meaning it can only take on two values, such as "disease present" or "disease absent." The model uses a logistic function to estimate the probability of the outcome based on the independent variables.

Logistic regression models are useful for identifying risk factors and estimating the strength of associations between exposures and health outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders, and predicting the probability of an outcome given certain values of the independent variables. They can also be used to develop clinical prediction rules or scores that can aid in decision-making and patient care.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "United States" is a geopolitical entity, specifically the name of the country consisting of 50 states, and it is not a medical term or concept. Therefore, I can't provide a medical definition for it. If you have any questions related to health, medicine, or biology, I would be happy to try to help answer those!

Prevalence, in medical terms, refers to the total number of people in a given population who have a particular disease or condition at a specific point in time, or over a specified period. It is typically expressed as a percentage or a ratio of the number of cases to the size of the population. Prevalence differs from incidence, which measures the number of new cases that develop during a certain period.

Emigration is the process of leaving one's country of origin or habitual residence to settle in another country. It involves giving up the rights and privileges associated with citizenship in the country of origin and acquiring new rights and responsibilities as a citizen or resident of the destination country. Emigrants are people who choose to leave their native land to live elsewhere, often driven by factors such as economic opportunities, political instability, or conflict.

Immigration, on the other hand, is the process of entering and settling in a new country with the intention of becoming a permanent resident or citizen. Immigrants are individuals who come from another country to live in a new place, often seeking better job opportunities, education, or quality of life. They must comply with the immigration laws and regulations of the host country and may be required to undergo medical examinations, background checks, and other screening processes before being granted permission to enter and reside in the country.

In summary, emigration refers to leaving one's home country, while immigration refers to entering and settling in a new country.

A case-control study is an observational research design used to identify risk factors or causes of a disease or health outcome. In this type of study, individuals with the disease or condition (cases) are compared with similar individuals who do not have the disease or condition (controls). The exposure history or other characteristics of interest are then compared between the two groups to determine if there is an association between the exposure and the disease.

Case-control studies are often used when it is not feasible or ethical to conduct a randomized controlled trial, as they can provide valuable insights into potential causes of diseases or health outcomes in a relatively short period of time and at a lower cost than other study designs. However, because case-control studies rely on retrospective data collection, they are subject to biases such as recall bias and selection bias, which can affect the validity of the results. Therefore, it is important to carefully design and conduct case-control studies to minimize these potential sources of bias.

A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that examines the relationship between variables at one point in time. It provides a snapshot or a "cross-section" of the population at a particular moment, allowing researchers to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition and identify potential risk factors or associations.

In a cross-sectional study, data is collected from a sample of participants at a single time point, and the variables of interest are measured simultaneously. This design can be used to investigate the association between exposure and outcome, but it cannot establish causality because it does not follow changes over time.

Cross-sectional studies can be conducted using various data collection methods, such as surveys, interviews, or medical examinations. They are often used in epidemiology to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition in a population and to identify potential risk factors that may contribute to its development. However, because cross-sectional studies only provide a snapshot of the population at one point in time, they cannot account for changes over time or determine whether exposure preceded the outcome.

Therefore, while cross-sectional studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying potential associations between variables, further research using other study designs, such as cohort or case-control studies, is necessary to establish causality and confirm any findings.

Educational status refers to the level or stage of education that a person has reached. It can be used to describe an individual's educational background, achievements, and qualifications. Educational status can be categorized in various ways, including by level (e.g., elementary school, high school, college, graduate school), years of schooling completed, or type of degree earned (e.g., bachelor's, master's, doctoral).

In medical settings, educational status may be used as a demographic variable to describe the characteristics of a patient population or to identify potential disparities in health outcomes based on education level. Research has shown that higher levels of education are often associated with better health outcomes, including lower rates of chronic diseases and improved mental health. Therefore, understanding a patient's educational status can help healthcare providers tailor their care and education strategies to meet the unique needs and challenges of each individual.

The odds ratio (OR) is a statistical measure used in epidemiology and research to estimate the association between an exposure and an outcome. It represents the odds that an event will occur in one group versus the odds that it will occur in another group, assuming that all other factors are held constant.

In medical research, the odds ratio is often used to quantify the strength of the relationship between a risk factor (exposure) and a disease outcome. An OR of 1 indicates no association between the exposure and the outcome, while an OR greater than 1 suggests that there is a positive association between the two. Conversely, an OR less than 1 implies a negative association.

It's important to note that the odds ratio is not the same as the relative risk (RR), which compares the incidence rates of an outcome in two groups. While the OR can approximate the RR when the outcome is rare, they are not interchangeable and can lead to different conclusions about the association between an exposure and an outcome.

I believe you are asking for a medical explanation or interpretation of "electric wiring." However, the term "electric wiring" is not typically used in a medical context. It refers to the system of wires and components that distribute electricity throughout a building or device. If you're looking for a medical term related to nerves or nervous system, perhaps you meant something like "neuronal circuitry" or "nerve impulse transmission."

Neuronal circuitry refers to the complex network of interconnected neurons in the brain and nervous system that transmit signals and enable various functions. Nerve impulse transmission is the process by which electrical signals are transmitted along the length of a nerve cell, allowing communication between different parts of the body.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "social class" is not a term that has a medical definition. It is a sociological concept that refers to the grouping of individuals in a society based on their shared economic and social positions. This can include factors such as income, education, occupation, and wealth.

However, social class can have an impact on health outcomes and access to healthcare. For example, people in lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to experience chronic diseases, mental health disorders, and have limited access to quality healthcare services compared to those in higher socioeconomic groups. This relationship is often referred to as the "social determinants of health."

Health services accessibility refers to the degree to which individuals and populations are able to obtain needed health services in a timely manner. It includes factors such as physical access (e.g., distance, transportation), affordability (e.g., cost of services, insurance coverage), availability (e.g., supply of providers, hours of operation), and acceptability (e.g., cultural competence, language concordance).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), accessibility is one of the key components of health system performance, along with responsiveness and fair financing. Improving accessibility to health services is essential for achieving universal health coverage and ensuring that everyone has access to quality healthcare without facing financial hardship. Factors that affect health services accessibility can vary widely between and within countries, and addressing these disparities requires a multifaceted approach that includes policy interventions, infrastructure development, and community engagement.

A newborn infant is a baby who is within the first 28 days of life. This period is also referred to as the neonatal period. Newborns require specialized care and attention due to their immature bodily systems and increased vulnerability to various health issues. They are closely monitored for signs of well-being, growth, and development during this critical time.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Southeastern United States" is not a medical term. It refers to a geographical region in the eastern part of the United States, consisting of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and sometimes extended to include parts of West Virginia, Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Maryland, and Delaware.

If you have any medical questions or terms, I'd be happy to help clarify those!

In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.

For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.

Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.

Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.

A questionnaire in the medical context is a standardized, systematic, and structured tool used to gather information from individuals regarding their symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, or other health-related factors. It typically consists of a series of written questions that can be either self-administered or administered by an interviewer. Questionnaires are widely used in various areas of healthcare, including clinical research, epidemiological studies, patient care, and health services evaluation to collect data that can inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and population health management. They provide a consistent and organized method for obtaining information from large groups or individual patients, helping to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection while minimizing bias and variability in the information gathered.

Air pollutants are substances or mixtures of substances present in the air that can have negative effects on human health, the environment, and climate. These pollutants can come from a variety of sources, including industrial processes, transportation, residential heating and cooking, agricultural activities, and natural events. Some common examples of air pollutants include particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

Air pollutants can cause a range of health effects, from respiratory irritation and coughing to more serious conditions such as bronchitis, asthma, and cancer. They can also contribute to climate change by reacting with other chemicals in the atmosphere to form harmful ground-level ozone and by directly absorbing or scattering sunlight, which can affect temperature and precipitation patterns.

Air quality standards and regulations have been established to limit the amount of air pollutants that can be released into the environment, and efforts are ongoing to reduce emissions and improve air quality worldwide.

"Sex factors" is a term used in medicine and epidemiology to refer to the differences in disease incidence, prevalence, or response to treatment that are observed between males and females. These differences can be attributed to biological differences such as genetics, hormones, and anatomy, as well as social and cultural factors related to gender.

For example, some conditions such as autoimmune diseases, depression, and osteoporosis are more common in women, while others such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer are more prevalent in men. Additionally, sex differences have been observed in the effectiveness and side effects of various medications and treatments.

It is important to consider sex factors in medical research and clinical practice to ensure that patients receive appropriate and effective care.

Health surveys are research studies that collect data from a sample population to describe the current health status, health behaviors, and healthcare utilization of a particular group or community. These surveys may include questions about various aspects of health such as physical health, mental health, chronic conditions, lifestyle habits, access to healthcare services, and demographic information. The data collected from health surveys can be used to monitor trends in health over time, identify disparities in health outcomes, develop and evaluate public health programs and policies, and inform resource allocation decisions. Examples of national health surveys include the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).

Demography is the statistical study of populations, particularly in terms of size, distribution, and characteristics such as age, race, gender, and occupation. In medical contexts, demography is often used to analyze health-related data and trends within specific populations. This can include studying the prevalence of certain diseases or conditions, identifying disparities in healthcare access and outcomes, and evaluating the effectiveness of public health interventions. Demographic data can also be used to inform policy decisions and allocate resources to address population health needs.

In epidemiology, the incidence of a disease is defined as the number of new cases of that disease within a specific population over a certain period of time. It is typically expressed as a rate, with the number of new cases in the numerator and the size of the population at risk in the denominator. Incidence provides information about the risk of developing a disease during a given time period and can be used to compare disease rates between different populations or to monitor trends in disease occurrence over time.

Environmental monitoring is the systematic and ongoing surveillance, measurement, and assessment of environmental parameters, pollutants, or other stressors in order to evaluate potential impacts on human health, ecological systems, or compliance with regulatory standards. This process typically involves collecting and analyzing data from various sources, such as air, water, soil, and biota, and using this information to inform decisions related to public health, environmental protection, and resource management.

In medical terms, environmental monitoring may refer specifically to the assessment of environmental factors that can impact human health, such as air quality, water contamination, or exposure to hazardous substances. This type of monitoring is often conducted in occupational settings, where workers may be exposed to potential health hazards, as well as in community-based settings, where environmental factors may contribute to public health issues. The goal of environmental monitoring in a medical context is to identify and mitigate potential health risks associated with environmental exposures, and to promote healthy and safe environments for individuals and communities.

"Age distribution" is a term used to describe the number of individuals within a population or sample that fall into different age categories. It is often presented in the form of a graph, table, or chart, and can provide important information about the demographic structure of a population.

The age distribution of a population can be influenced by a variety of factors, including birth rates, mortality rates, migration patterns, and aging. Public health officials and researchers use age distribution data to inform policies and programs related to healthcare, social services, and other areas that affect the well-being of populations.

For example, an age distribution graph might show a larger number of individuals in the younger age categories, indicating a population with a high birth rate. Alternatively, it might show a larger number of individuals in the older age categories, indicating a population with a high life expectancy or an aging population. Understanding the age distribution of a population can help policymakers plan for future needs and allocate resources more effectively.

Acculturation is a process that occurs when two cultures come into contact and influence each other. In the context of medical anthropology, acculturation often refers to the changes that take place when members of one cultural group adopt the beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors of another group, typically the dominant culture in a given society.

Acculturation can have significant impacts on health and healthcare. For example, individuals who are undergoing acculturation may experience stress related to adapting to a new culture, which can lead to negative health outcomes. Additionally, acculturation can affect health-seeking behaviors and attitudes toward medical treatment.

The process of acculturation is complex and multifaceted, and can involve changes in language, religion, diet, social norms, and other aspects of culture. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the potential impacts of acculturation on their patients' health and to provide culturally sensitive care that takes into account the unique experiences and perspectives of each patient.

Hazardous waste, as defined in the medical context, refers to any waste that poses a substantial danger to public health or the environment. These wastes can be generated from various sources, including industrial processes, healthcare activities, and household items. They often contain properties that make them harmful, such as being toxic, corrosive, reactive, or ignitable.

In the medical field, hazardous waste may include:

1. Infectious waste: Waste contaminated with potentially infectious materials, such as used needles, surgical instruments, and cultures from medical laboratories.
2. Pathological waste: Human or animal tissues, organs, or fluids that may pose a risk of infection.
3. Pharmaceutical waste: Expired, unused, or contaminated medications, including both prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
4. Chemical waste: Including solvents, disinfectants, heavy metals, and other chemicals used in medical laboratories, research facilities, and healthcare settings.
5. Radioactive waste: Materials that emit radiation, such as those used in medical imaging or cancer treatments.

Proper handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous waste are crucial to minimize the risks they pose to human health and the environment. Regulations governing hazardous waste management vary by country and region but generally require proper labeling, containment, transportation, and disposal methods to ensure safety.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Geographic Information Systems" (GIS) is not a medical term. GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data. It can be used in various fields, including public health and epidemiology, to map and analyze the spread of diseases, identify environmental risk factors, plan health services delivery, and inform evidence-based decision making.

'Vehicle Emissions' is not a term typically used in medical definitions. However, in a broader context, it refers to the gases and particles released into the atmosphere by vehicles such as cars, trucks, buses, and airplanes. The main pollutants found in vehicle emissions include carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Exposure to these pollutants can have negative health effects, including respiratory symptoms, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Therefore, vehicle emissions are a significant public health concern.

A cohort study is a type of observational study in which a group of individuals who share a common characteristic or exposure are followed up over time to determine the incidence of a specific outcome or outcomes. The cohort, or group, is defined based on the exposure status (e.g., exposed vs. unexposed) and then monitored prospectively to assess for the development of new health events or conditions.

Cohort studies can be either prospective or retrospective in design. In a prospective cohort study, participants are enrolled and followed forward in time from the beginning of the study. In contrast, in a retrospective cohort study, researchers identify a cohort that has already been assembled through medical records, insurance claims, or other sources and then look back in time to assess exposure status and health outcomes.

Cohort studies are useful for establishing causality between an exposure and an outcome because they allow researchers to observe the temporal relationship between the two. They can also provide information on the incidence of a disease or condition in different populations, which can be used to inform public health policy and interventions. However, cohort studies can be expensive and time-consuming to conduct, and they may be subject to bias if participants are not representative of the population or if there is loss to follow-up.

Indoor air pollution refers to the contamination of air within buildings and structures due to presence of particles, gases, or biological materials that can harmfully affect the health of occupants. These pollutants can originate from various sources including cooking stoves, heating systems, building materials, furniture, tobacco products, outdoor air, and microbial growth. Some common indoor air pollutants include particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and mold. Prolonged exposure to these pollutants can cause a range of health issues, from respiratory problems to cancer, depending on the type and level of exposure. Effective ventilation, air filtration, and source control are some of the strategies used to reduce indoor air pollution.

"California" is a geographical location and does not have a medical definition. It is a state located on the west coast of the United States, known for its diverse landscape including mountains, beaches, and forests. However, in some contexts, "California" may refer to certain medical conditions or situations that are associated with the state, such as:

* California encephalitis: a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes that is common in California and other western states.
* California king snake: a non-venomous snake species found in California and other parts of the southwestern United States, which can bite and cause allergic reactions in some people.
* California roll: a type of sushi roll that originated in California and is made with avocado, cucumber, and crab meat, which may pose an allergy risk for some individuals.

It's important to note that these uses of "California" are not medical definitions per se, but rather descriptive terms that refer to specific conditions or situations associated with the state.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Poland" is not a medical term. It is a country in Central Europe. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terminology, I would be happy to help answer those!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "income" is not a medical term. Income is an economic term that refers to the inflow of monetary resources or earnings that an individual or household receives from various sources, such as employment, investments, or government benefits. It is typically used in financial and economic contexts rather than medical ones. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!

Altitude is the height above a given level, especially mean sea level. In medical terms, altitude often refers to high altitude, which is generally considered to be 1500 meters (about 5000 feet) or more above sea level. At high altitudes, the air pressure is lower and there is less oxygen available, which can lead to altitude sickness in some people. Symptoms of altitude sickness can include headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, and fatigue. It's important for people who are traveling to high altitudes to allow themselves time to adjust to the lower oxygen levels and to watch for signs of altitude sickness.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "water supply" is not a medical term per se. It is a general term used to describe the system or arrangement providing water for consumption or use, such as a public water supply system or a private well. However, in a medical context, it could refer to the source of water used in a healthcare facility for drinking, cooking, cleaning, and patient care, which must meet certain quality standards to prevent infection and ensure safety.

An emigrant is a person who leaves their native country to live permanently in another country. The process of leaving one's country to settle in another is called emigration.

On the other hand, an immigrant is a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country. The process of coming to live permanently in a new country is called immigration.

So, the main difference between emigrants and immigrants lies in the perspective: emigrants are people leaving their own country, while immigrants are people entering a new country.

Multivariate analysis is a statistical method used to examine the relationship between multiple independent variables and a dependent variable. It allows for the simultaneous examination of the effects of two or more independent variables on an outcome, while controlling for the effects of other variables in the model. This technique can be used to identify patterns, associations, and interactions among multiple variables, and is commonly used in medical research to understand complex health outcomes and disease processes. Examples of multivariate analysis methods include multiple regression, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis.

"Sex distribution" is a term used to describe the number of males and females in a study population or sample. It can be presented as a simple count, a percentage, or a ratio. This information is often used in research to identify any differences in health outcomes, disease prevalence, or response to treatment between males and females. Additionally, understanding sex distribution can help researchers ensure that their studies are representative of the general population and can inform the design of future studies.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "poverty" is not a medical condition or term. It is a social condition defined by the World Bank as "pronounced deprivation in well-being," and measured through indicators such as income, consumption, and access to basic services. Poverty can have significant impacts on health outcomes and healthcare access, but it is not considered a medical diagnosis. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to try my best to help answer them!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Suburban Population" is not a medical term. It refers to the people living in suburban areas, which are typically residential districts or communities that lie outside a city center. They are often characterized by single-family homes and less population density than in urban areas. If you have any questions related to medical terminology, I would be happy to help with those!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Manitoba" is not a medical term. It is a province in Canada, located in the center of the country. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

In the context of pharmacology, "half-life" refers to the time it takes for the concentration or amount of a drug in the body to be reduced by half during its elimination phase. This is typically influenced by factors such as metabolism and excretion rates of the drug. It's a key factor in determining dosage intervals and therapeutic effectiveness of medications, as well as potential side effects or toxicity risks.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Poverty Areas" is not a standard medical term or classification. However, in a broader social determinants of health context, poverty is recognized as a significant factor that can impact an individual's health outcomes and access to healthcare.

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines poverty as "pronounced deprivation in well-being," which includes but is not limited to lack of income and economic opportunities. The WHO also acknowledges that poverty is a major cause of ill-health and premature death around the world.

If you are referring to a specific term or concept that goes by a different name, please provide more context so I can give a more accurate response.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nova Scotia" is not a medical term. It is a geographical location, specifically a province on the east coast of Canada. If you have any questions about medical terms or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

Pesticides are substances or mixtures of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or repelling pests. Pests can be insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, or other organisms that can cause damage to crops, animals, or humans and their living conditions. The term "pesticide" includes all of the following: insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, bactericides, and various other substances used to control pests.

It is important to note that while pesticides are designed to be toxic to the target pests, they can also pose risks to non-target organisms, including humans, if not used properly. Therefore, it is essential to follow all label instructions and safety precautions when handling and applying pesticides.

An ethnic group is a category of people who identify with each other based on shared ancestry, language, culture, history, and/or physical characteristics. The concept of an ethnic group is often used in the social sciences to describe a population that shares a common identity and a sense of belonging to a larger community.

Ethnic groups can be distinguished from racial groups, which are categories of people who are defined by their physical characteristics, such as skin color, hair texture, and facial features. While race is a social construct based on physical differences, ethnicity is a cultural construct based on shared traditions, beliefs, and practices.

It's important to note that the concept of ethnic groups can be complex and fluid, as individuals may identify with multiple ethnic groups or switch their identification over time. Additionally, the boundaries between different ethnic groups can be blurred and contested, and the ways in which people define and categorize themselves and others can vary across cultures and historical periods.

Pregnancy is a physiological state or condition where a fertilized egg (zygote) successfully implants and grows in the uterus of a woman, leading to the development of an embryo and finally a fetus. This process typically spans approximately 40 weeks, divided into three trimesters, and culminates in childbirth. Throughout this period, numerous hormonal and physical changes occur to support the growing offspring, including uterine enlargement, breast development, and various maternal adaptations to ensure the fetus's optimal growth and well-being.

Methyl parathion is an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide. It functions by inhibiting the enzyme cholinesterase, which leads to an accumulation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, causing nervous system excitation and ultimately damage or death in insects. However, it can also have toxic effects on mammals, including humans, if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It is classified as a highly hazardous pesticide by the World Health Organization (WHO) and its use is restricted or banned in many countries due to its high toxicity and environmental persistence.

Radiometry is the measurement of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. It quantifies the amount and characteristics of radiant energy in terms of power or intensity, wavelength, direction, and polarization. In medical physics, radiometry is often used to measure therapeutic and diagnostic radiation beams used in various imaging techniques and cancer treatments such as X-rays, gamma rays, and ultraviolet or infrared light. Radiometric measurements are essential for ensuring the safe and effective use of these medical technologies.

Regression analysis is a statistical technique used in medicine, as well as in other fields, to examine the relationship between one or more independent variables (predictors) and a dependent variable (outcome). It allows for the estimation of the average change in the outcome variable associated with a one-unit change in an independent variable, while controlling for the effects of other independent variables. This technique is often used to identify risk factors for diseases or to evaluate the effectiveness of medical interventions. In medical research, regression analysis can be used to adjust for potential confounding variables and to quantify the relationship between exposures and health outcomes. It can also be used in predictive modeling to estimate the probability of a particular outcome based on multiple predictors.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Suburban Health" is not a recognized medical term or concept with a specific definition in the field of medicine. The term "suburban" generally refers to the residential areas surrounding a city or urban center, and health would refer to the physical and mental well-being of individuals living in those areas. However, there isn't a unique set of health issues or characteristics that define 'Suburban Health'.

Public health researchers might study the health disparities or common health issues in suburban areas compared to urban or rural areas, but this would not fall under a single medical definition. If you have more specific questions about health issues related to suburban living, I'd be happy to try and help with those!

Population surveillance in a public health and medical context refers to the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health-related data for a defined population over time. It aims to monitor the health status, identify emerging health threats or trends, and evaluate the impact of interventions within that population. This information is used to inform public health policy, prioritize healthcare resources, and guide disease prevention and control efforts. Population surveillance can involve various data sources, such as vital records, disease registries, surveys, and electronic health records.

A registry in the context of medicine is a collection or database of standardized information about individuals who share a certain condition or attribute, such as a disease, treatment, exposure, or demographic group. These registries are used for various purposes, including:

* Monitoring and tracking the natural history of diseases and conditions
* Evaluating the safety and effectiveness of medical treatments and interventions
* Conducting research and generating hypotheses for further study
* Providing information to patients, clinicians, and researchers
* Informing public health policy and decision-making

Registries can be established for a wide range of purposes, including disease-specific registries (such as cancer or diabetes registries), procedure-specific registries (such as joint replacement or cardiac surgery registries), and population-based registries (such as birth defects or cancer registries). Data collected in registries may include demographic information, clinical data, laboratory results, treatment details, and outcomes.

Registries can be maintained by a variety of organizations, including hospitals, clinics, academic medical centers, professional societies, government agencies, and industry. Participation in registries is often voluntary, although some registries may require informed consent from participants. Data collected in registries are typically de-identified to protect the privacy of individuals.

"Marital status" is not a medical term, but it is often used in medical records and forms to indicate whether a person is single, married, divorced, widowed, or in a civil union. It is a social determinant of health that can have an impact on a person's access to healthcare, health behaviors, and health outcomes. For example, research has shown that people who are unmarried, divorced, or widowed may have worse health outcomes than those who are married. However, it is important to note that this relationship is complex and influenced by many other factors, including socioeconomic status, age, and overall health.

Smoking is not a medical condition, but it's a significant health risk behavior. Here is the definition from a public health perspective:

Smoking is the act of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning tobacco that is commonly consumed through cigarettes, pipes, and cigars. The smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals, including nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, and numerous toxic and carcinogenic substances. These toxins contribute to a wide range of diseases and health conditions, such as lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and various other cancers, as well as adverse reproductive outcomes and negative impacts on the developing fetus during pregnancy. Smoking is highly addictive due to the nicotine content, which makes quitting smoking a significant challenge for many individuals.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "power plants" is not a term used in medical definitions. It is a term commonly used to refer to industrial facilities that generate and distribute power, typically in the form of electricity. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try to help answer those!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "seasons" is not a term that has a medical definition. Seasons refer to the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn or fall, and winter) based on the position of the earth in its orbit around the sun. If you have any questions related to health or medicine, I'd be happy to try to help answer those!

Epidemiological monitoring is the systematic and ongoing collection, analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of health data pertaining to a specific population or community, with the aim of identifying and tracking patterns of disease or injury, understanding their causes, and informing public health interventions and policies. This process typically involves the use of surveillance systems, such as disease registries, to collect data on the incidence, prevalence, and distribution of health outcomes of interest, as well as potential risk factors and exposures. The information generated through epidemiological monitoring can help to identify trends and emerging health threats, inform resource allocation and program planning, and evaluate the impact of public health interventions.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "England" is not a medical term or concept. It is one of the four constituent countries that make up the United Kingdom, along with Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. England is located in the southern part of Great Britain, which is the largest island of the British Isles.

If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you!

A census is a official count or survey of a population, typically conducted by a governmental authority to gather information about the demographics, economic characteristics, and other important data about the people living within its borders. In the medical context, censuses may refer to counts or surveys of specific populations, such as patients in a hospital or residents of a particular geographic area, to gather health-related data. This information can be used to inform public health policy, allocate resources, and plan for future healthcare needs.

A group home is a type of residential setting where a small number of individuals with similar disabilities, such as intellectual or developmental disabilities, mental health disorders, or substance abuse issues, live together in a family-like setting. These homes are designed to provide a more normalized living environment compared to institutional settings, and aim to promote independence, community integration, and skill development for the residents. Staff members are typically present to provide support, supervision, and assistance with daily living activities as needed.

'Incineration' is not typically used as a medical term, but it does have relevance to the field of medicine and public health. It generally refers to the process of destroying something, usually waste, through extreme heat and combustion. In the medical context, incineration is often discussed in relation to the disposal of healthcare waste, including infectious materials, sharps, and pharmaceutical products. Proper incineration can help reduce the volume of waste, destroy harmful components, and prevent the spread of infection. However, it's important to note that improper incineration practices can also release toxic emissions into the environment, posing risks to public health.

"Family characteristics" is a broad term that can refer to various attributes, dynamics, and structures of a family unit. These characteristics can include:

1. Family structure: This refers to the composition of the family, such as whether it is a nuclear family (two parents and their children), single-parent family, extended family, blended family, or same-sex parent family.
2. Family roles: The responsibilities and expectations assigned to each family member, such as caregiver, provider, or decision-maker.
3. Communication patterns: How family members communicate with one another, including frequency, tone, and level of openness.
4. Problem-solving styles: How the family approaches and resolves conflicts and challenges.
5. Cultural and religious practices: The values, traditions, and beliefs that shape the family's identity and worldview.
6. Family functioning: The overall health and effectiveness of the family system, including its ability to adapt to change and support individual members' needs.
7. Attachment styles: The quality and nature of the emotional bonds between family members, which can impact attachment security and relationships throughout life.
8. Parenting style: The approach that parents take in raising their children, such as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, or uninvolved.
9. Family history: Past experiences and events that have shaped the family's development and dynamics.
10. Genetic factors: Inherited traits and predispositions that can influence family members' health, behavior, and personality.

Understanding family characteristics is essential in fields such as medicine, psychology, social work, and counseling, as these factors can significantly impact individual and family well-being.

Space-time clustering is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, it is a concept that is used in epidemiology, which is the study of how often diseases occur and what factors may be associated with their occurrence. Space-time clustering refers to the phenomenon where cases of a disease or other health event tend to cluster together in both space and time. This means that the cases are not evenly distributed across a geographic area, but instead are concentrated in certain locations and at certain points in time.

Space-time clustering can be an important tool for identifying potential causes of diseases or other health events. For example, if cases of a particular disease tend to cluster around certain environmental exposures, such as polluted air or water, this may suggest that these exposures are contributing to the development of the disease. Similarly, if cases of a disease tend to cluster in both space and time, this may suggest that there is a common cause, such as an outbreak of a contagious illness.

It's important to note that not all observed clustering is necessarily meaningful or indicative of a causal relationship. It's possible for clusters to occur by chance alone, especially in cases where the number of cases is small. Therefore, statistical methods are often used to determine whether a cluster is statistically significant, taking into account factors such as the number of cases, the size of the population at risk, and the expected distribution of cases based on chance.

I apologize for any confusion, but "agriculture" is not a term that has a medical definition. Agriculture refers to the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants, and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life. It is an important industry and practice that has been developed over thousands of years and continues to play a critical role in global food production and security.

Retrospective studies, also known as retrospective research or looking back studies, are a type of observational study that examines data from the past to draw conclusions about possible causal relationships between risk factors and outcomes. In these studies, researchers analyze existing records, medical charts, or previously collected data to test a hypothesis or answer a specific research question.

Retrospective studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying trends, but they have limitations compared to prospective studies, which follow participants forward in time from exposure to outcome. Retrospective studies are subject to biases such as recall bias, selection bias, and information bias, which can affect the validity of the results. Therefore, retrospective studies should be interpreted with caution and used primarily to generate hypotheses for further testing in prospective studies.

A confidence interval (CI) is a range of values that is likely to contain the true value of a population parameter with a certain level of confidence. It is commonly used in statistical analysis to express the uncertainty associated with estimates derived from sample data.

For example, if we calculate a 95% confidence interval for the mean height of a population based on a sample of individuals, we can say that we are 95% confident that the true population mean height falls within the calculated range. The width of the confidence interval gives us an idea of how precise our estimate is - narrower intervals indicate more precise estimates, while wider intervals suggest greater uncertainty.

Confidence intervals are typically calculated using statistical formulas that take into account the sample size, standard deviation, and level of confidence desired. They can be used to compare different groups or to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions in medical research.

Whole-body counting is a non-invasive nuclear medicine technique used for the detection and measurement of radioactivity in the human body. It involves the use of sensitive radiation detectors that can measure the gamma rays emitted by radionuclides present within the body tissues.

The individual lies on a table or sits in a chair with their entire body inside a large detector, which is typically a scintillation camera or a NaI(Tl) crystal. The detector measures the number and energy of gamma rays emitted from the body, allowing for the identification and quantification of specific radionuclides present within the body.

Whole-body counting has several clinical applications, including monitoring patients who have received therapeutic radioisotopes, evaluating the effectiveness of radiation therapy, detecting and measuring internal contamination due to accidental exposure or intentional intake, and assessing the distribution and retention of radionuclides in research studies.

It is important to note that whole-body counting does not provide anatomical information like other imaging techniques (e.g., CT, MRI), but rather offers functional data on the presence and quantity of radioactivity within the body.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "travel" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. In general, travel refers to the act of moving or journeying from one place to another, often over long distances. However, in a medical context, it might refer to the recommendation that individuals with certain medical conditions or those who are immunocompromised avoid traveling to areas where they may be at increased risk of exposure to infectious diseases. It's always best to check with a healthcare professional for advice related to specific medical situations and travel.

Air pollution is defined as the contamination of air due to the presence of substances or harmful elements that exceed the acceptable limits. These pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, gases, or a combination of these. They can be released from various sources, including industrial processes, vehicle emissions, burning of fossil fuels, and natural events like volcanic eruptions.

Exposure to air pollution can have significant impacts on human health, contributing to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular issues, and even premature death. It can also harm the environment, damaging crops, forests, and wildlife populations. Stringent regulations and measures are necessary to control and reduce air pollution levels, thereby protecting public health and the environment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Wales" is not a medical term. It is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, located in Western Europe. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help answer those!

"Vital statistics" is a term used in public health and medical contexts to refer to the statistical data collected on births, deaths, marriages, divorces, and other key life events. These statistics are considered important for monitoring population trends, planning public health programs and policies, and conducting demographic and epidemiological research.

The specific data collected as part of vital statistics may vary by country or region, but typically includes information such as the date and place of the event, the age, sex, race/ethnicity, and other demographic characteristics of the individuals involved, as well as any relevant medical information (such as cause of death or birth weight).

Vital statistics are often collected and maintained by government agencies, such as health departments or statistical offices, and are used to inform a wide range of public health and policy decisions.

I apologize, but "Canada" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country located in North America, known for its vast wilderness, multicultural cities, and significant natural resources. If you have any questions related to healthcare or medical terms, I would be happy to help answer those!

Risk assessment in the medical context refers to the process of identifying, evaluating, and prioritizing risks to patients, healthcare workers, or the community related to healthcare delivery. It involves determining the likelihood and potential impact of adverse events or hazards, such as infectious diseases, medication errors, or medical devices failures, and implementing measures to mitigate or manage those risks. The goal of risk assessment is to promote safe and high-quality care by identifying areas for improvement and taking action to minimize harm.

Health status is a term used to describe the overall condition of an individual's health, including physical, mental, and social well-being. It is often assessed through various measures such as medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and self-reported health assessments. Health status can be used to identify health disparities, track changes in population health over time, and evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare interventions.

Mortality, in medical terms, refers to the state or condition of being mortal; the quality or fact of being subject to death. It is often used in reference to the mortality rate, which is the number of deaths in a specific population, divided by the size of that population, per a given time period. This can be used as a measure of the risk of death among a population.

In the context of medical terminology, "transients" and "migrants" are often used to describe populations that are moving or have recently moved from one place to another. These terms can refer to individuals who are temporarily residing in a location for work, school, or other reasons (transients), as well as those who are planning to settle permanently in a new location (migrants).

A "transient" population may include people who are traveling for leisure, working on temporary contracts, attending school in a different city or country, or serving in the military. These individuals typically have a specific destination and time frame for their stay, and they may not have established long-term social or medical support systems in the area.

A "migrant" population, on the other hand, refers to people who are moving with the intention of settling permanently in a new location. This can include individuals and families who are seeking better economic opportunities, fleeing political unrest or natural disasters, or reuniting with family members in another country. Migrants often face unique challenges when it comes to accessing healthcare services, as they may not have established relationships with healthcare providers in their new location, may face language barriers, and may lack familiarity with the local healthcare system.

It's important to note that these terms are not mutually exclusive, and an individual or group could be considered both transient and migrant depending on the context. For example, a refugee family who is resettling permanently in a new country might initially be considered transients as they establish themselves in their new home, but over time they would become part of the migrant population.

"Residence Halls". Virginia State University. Archived from the original on May 29, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013. "Schools". ... "General Characteristics of Headcount Enrollment" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 17, 2009. Retrieved January ...
... as well as any other characteristics of the weapon; (3) Proof of having undertaken a ballistic test; (4) Payment of municipal ... Form with personal information and residence; (2) Brand, model, serial number, identification of modification of calibre, if ...
The residence is now owned by the Barrow family, who have preserved its farm setting. Frascati was added to the Virginia ... Frascati's Tuscan portico and classical detailing are Jeffersonian architectural characteristics. The 57' x 39' structure is ... Frascati was the residence of Philip P. Barbour, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and statesman. ... Frascati's shallow hipped roof covers the two-story, double-pile residence. Frascati's main entrance has paneled double doors ...
Roseville demonstrates the principal characteristics of an 1880s Brisbane residence. The place is important because of its ... The residence was called Roseville, reputedly because of the large rose garden Myers established in the grounds. Cowlishaw sold ... This large single-storeyed residence is on the slopes of Teneriffe Hill. It was constructed about 1886 for George Myers, a ... The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. ...
Census and Statistics Department (2007). Session 4.7 Place of Birth and Duration of Residence in Hong Kong. Hong Kong 2006 ... Census and Statistics Department (2007). Living Arrangement and Household Characteristics 2.21. Hong Kong 2006 Population By- ...
The demographic characteristics of national minorities in certain European States The demographic characteristics of the main ... "Total fertility rate by statistical regions, districts and place of residence - National statistical institute". www.nsi.bg. ... "Total fertility rate by statistical regions, districts and place of residence - National statistical institute". www.nsi.bg. " ... "Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание" [Population by place of residence, age and religion]. Archived from the ...
... demonstrates the principal characteristics of a substantial timber urban residence. Set in extensive grounds and ... The residence also has an association with the Stephens family, the prominent Queensland family who built the house. "Kitawah ( ... Kitawah is a substantial timber residence constructed in 1911 for Brisbane solicitor Llewellyn Stephens and designed by ... The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. ...
... demonstrates the principal characteristics of an isolated island residence. Built by the owner, at a time when ... Leeke Homestead, constructed c.1922-24 is a basic, timber and corrugated iron residence located on Great Keppel Island, near ... The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. ...
The residence displays many characteristics which Dods valued in domestic architecture. These characteristics include a concern ... The residence was designed by Robin Dods as a rental house for his mother, and constructed in 1900. The residence was built ... remain characteristic of his work alone. The residence has been identified as forming part of the Significant Character Items ... The residence is significant in demonstrating the continued growth of the New Farm area in the early part of the 20th century, ...
After that, several expeditions have studied the lake's characteristics. The first reconnaissance study of the lake was carried ... Residence time of the boulders has been estimated as 500 years. The floating boulders, which are several metres in diameter, ... Further, studies carried out during the austral summer confirm the lake's homogeneous characteristics, with thermal convection ...
... the new Residence differed from the common private houses and it "contains certain characteristics which (…) place it among ... Princess Ljubica's Residence inside Inside of Princess Ljubica's Residence Inside of Residence "Информациони систем непокретних ... Princess Ljubica Residence has been proclaimed as 1st category cultural property in 1979. Princess Ljubica's Residence Princess ... but taking into consideration its age and state Prince Miloš Obrenović had decided to build another residence. New residence as ...
Amla is a good example, of a residence in this idiom. It displays many of the characteristics typical of the Interwar ... In 1953 with the transfer of the Ellemor's to the south the house was purchased by the present owners as a city residence. The ... The practice closed in 1980, but Hegvold came out of retirement in 1984 to design the new fire station and residence at Emu ... Amla is a two storey cubiform residence with a timber structure faced externally with textured cement render. It has a skillion ...
Hope worked on the robe at SHI's Delores Churchill Artist-in-Residence Studio. While she was working on the project, her mother ... It mainly holds the same outlined shapes and characteristics from the Lineage Robe. ... "Online Collections", Museum Purchase: Funds by Elizabeth Cole Butler "NEWS_Artist-in-residence, apprentice to give presentation ... AK 2022 Artist-in-Residence at Institute of American Indian Arts, January 20 - Feb 8 2022 2021 SHIFT award from Native Arts and ...
The residence displays more characteristics of domestic architecture in its scale and detail. The former Customs House is ... The residence is an asymmetrical two storeyed building, which shares the use of red face brick and rough cast stucco, on a dark ... The residence was a two storeyed building with six bedrooms and wide verandahs allowing sweeping views of the river. Unlike the ... The residence, adjacent to the south eastern side of the former Customs House is more inwardly focussed with principal entrance ...
"Residence time distribution with many reactions and in several environments." In A. Petho and R.D. Noble (eds.). Residence time ... 37, 1123 (1982). "Some characteristic nonlinearities of reacting systems." In A. Bishop, D. Campbell, and B. Nicolaenko (eds ... 37, 69-76 (1982). "The scope of R.T.D. theory." In A. Pethos and R.D. Noble (eds.), Residence time distribution theory in ... 12, 228-250 (1966). "Compartmental analysis and the theory of residence time distributions." In K.B. Warren, (ed.,). ...
Frith acted as architect for a similar house in Tujunga, which he built as his own residence. The Ford House was designated # ... "Tudor Architecture, Explained: History and Characteristics". Homedit. Retrieved 17 August 2023. Goff, Lee (2002). Tudor Style: ... This is the only structural change to have occurred at the residence since its construction. Glendale Register of Historic ...
Since 1999 Fritz Huser has been artist in residence in the historic Müllerhaus in Lenzburg. In addition to numerous exhibitions ... This results in his characteristic colors and structures. The picture surfaces are dry and grainy, the themes poetic, ...
Moorlands is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial 1890s brick residence. The place is ... Moorlands is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial 1890s brick residence. Moorlands is ... It replaced an earlier timber residence on the site which was known as Moorlands Villa. Mary Mayne, widow of Patrick Mayne, had ... The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. ...
Icon Residence, Malaysia Icon Residences features buildings blocks that gives each tower a uniquely different profile, with ... The design was inspired by the random characteristics of mountainous rocks weathered by nature. It is a mixed development ... Icon Residence Mont Kiara). - Won Malaysia Best High-Rise Architecture 2012-2013 (Icon Residence Mont Kiara). - Won the World ... Icon Residence also won several awards. Icon City, Malaysia This award winning building is located in Petaling Jaya, Malaysia. ...
It is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a large, late 1880s residence. The place is important because ... Redlands, a two-storeyed brick residence, was designed by Toowoomba architect James Marks and built by Henry Andrews in 1889 ... Since the establishment of Concordia College, Redlands has served a number of purposes including a residence for the first ... It is important in exhibiting a range of aesthetic characteristics valued by the Toowoomba community, in particular the ...
The fine quality of the residence exhibits particular aesthetic characteristics valued by the community. The place has a ... The fine quality of the residence exhibits particular aesthetic characteristics valued by the community. Miegunyah is ... Miegunyah demonstrates the principal characteristics of a substantial single storeyed 1880s residence, including stables and ... Miegunyah demonstrates the principal characteristics of a substantial single storeyed 1880s residence, including stables and ...
It is distinguished by the large number of characteristic horizontal sections. The façade of the building is asymmetrical, the ... The residence was built between 1898 and 1902. It was built by Baku citizens - the Gasimov brothers. The building has a corner ... Mitrofanov Residence (Azerbaijani: Mitrofanovun evi) is a mansion in Baku, capital of Azerbaijan. It was built by Dmitry D. ... Митрофанова (Баку) / Mitrofanov Residence (Baku)" (in Russian). ourbaku.com. Archived from the original on May 14, 2020. ...
A characteristic feature of the bowl is its cylindrical/conical shape. There is a differential speed between the decanter bowl ... A high differential speed results in a smaller residence time of the cake settlement, so it is necessary to keep the cake ... The characteristic above all affects the clarity of the liquid output which is dependent on the volumetric throughout rate, ... This characteristic is dependent on the radius of the centrifuge and its angular rotational speed. A decanter centrifuge ...
The USA is given as her country of permanent residence. She was still in London the following year, when she attended a garden ... The last work Allan exhibited at the RA was in 1935; it had a characteristic and fitting title - Home from the Sea. Although ...
The residence has an open plan and is an example of the Third Bay Tradition style. A repository of plans from the tradition are ... The tradition had playful, woodsy, and informal characteristics. It was environmentally attentive, though more abstract. It was ...
... background and any other characteristics which the court considers relevant; Any harm which he or she has suffered or is at ... See residence in English law for disambiguation. In family law, the Court can order a Residence Order of the Family Court under ... If a residence order is granted, this automatically gives him, her, or them parental responsibility for the child(ren) which ... Residence may refer to various parts of English law including taxation, immigration, and family law. This article deals ...
Raymont Lodge is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial Federation-style residence. Raymont ... Raymont Lodge is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a substantial Federation-style residence. The ... This building, situated on the crest of a rise overlooking Auchenflower, is a large, two-story red brick residence built in the ... This large, two-storey brick residence was built c.1904 to c.1905 for mining entrepreneur William Davies. Davies, who was ...
"Early-Life State-of-Residence Characteristics and Later Life Hypertension, Diabetes, and Ischemic Heart Disease". American ... "Predicting later life health status and mortality using state-level socioeconomic characteristics in early life". SSM - ...
The principal residence was constructed in three stages: the first as the residence of Borthwick, the second as the kitchen ... The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places. The place is ... chimney mantle and fireplace survive in this part of the residence. To the south east of the residence are a number of timber ... Access to the residence at Tarong is via the verandah of either the earliest section or through the wider verandahs of the ...
The first four pages were reserved for detailing the bearer's physical characteristics, occupation and residence. The British ... "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence JAN-DEC 2017" (PDF). e-services.tourism.gov.ph. Archived from the ... For both bearer and wife: profession, place and date of birth, country of residence, height, eye and hair colour, special ... "Número de turistas según país de residencia (23984)" [Number of tourists by country of residence]. www.ine.es (in Spanish). " ...
Region of Residence [Revised], Comparison of Current Residence with Previous State, and Comparison of Current Residence ... on date of move to current residence, location of previous residence, number of miles between current and previous residence, ... Young Women Geographic Residence & Environmental Characteristics Variables. Important Information. Users should be aware of a ... Second Residence: Information on whether a respondent resided in another residence during part of the year was collected during ...
Residence Furnishing Characteristics Of Rusting Furniture. But buying and selling foreign foreign money will not be ...
Residences, 2009-2010 - Featured Topics from the National Center for Health Statistics ... and hospital characteristics are associated with ED selection patterns. ... Emergency Department Visits and Proximity to Patients Residences, 2009-2010. Posted on March 19, 2015. by NCHS ... In 2009-2010, visits to emergency departments (EDs) occurred an average 6.8 miles from the patients residence, while the ...
Results of search for su:{Residence characteristics.} Refine your search. *. Availability. * Limit to currently available ...
Residence. Urban. 2,695. 74.2 (71.7-76.5). 18.1 (16.3-20.1). 7.7 (6.4-9.3). 2,288. 81.4 (79.0-83.6). 14.4 (12.4-16.7). 4.1 (3.1 ... Demographic characteristics and analysis. Respondents characteristics assessed included the following: sex (male or female); ... Residence. Urban. 9.8 (5.1 to 14.6). −20.4 (−34.7 to −6.0). −46.6 (−65.3 to −27.9). −12.0 (−17.7 to −6.2). 30.4 (9.5 to 51.3). ... Residence. Urban. 1,522. 73.4 (70.4-76.2). 20.4 (18.2-22.9). 6.1 (4.8-7.7). 1,401. 64.7 (61.2-68.0). 26.7 (23.8-29.8). 8.7 (7.1 ...
Online retailers cannot treat customers unequally based on their nationalities or places of residence. This occurs, for example ... European consumer authorities: online stores still discriminate based on place of residence. ... European consumer authorities: online stores still discriminate based on place of residence ... Publication characteristics. Publication date. 31-01-2020. Publication type. News Spokesperson. Saskia Bierling ...
"Residence Halls". Virginia State University. Archived from the original on May 29, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2013. "Schools". ... "General Characteristics of Headcount Enrollment" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 17, 2009. Retrieved January ...
Radio Bursts In Residences During COVID-19: Measured Characteristics For Resiliency Testing March 27, 2023. ...
This report describes characteristics and outcomes of older adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus. ... This report describes characteristics and outcomes of older adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus. ... A free-text field for other types of residences was examined; patients with an LTCF-type residence were also categorized as ... LTCF residence**. 290. 17.2 (14.9-19.8). 36. 5.8 (3.8-8.5). 79. 16.1 (12.0-20.9). 175. 26.9 (22.2-32.0). ...
Residence Characteristics * Socioeconomic Factors * Urban Population * Violence / statistics & numerical data* ...
Residence Characteristics * Socioeconomic Factors * Time Factors * United States Grants and funding * R01 HL086919/HL/NHLBI NIH ... Third approach: classify acute care hospitals into groups based on academic, urban, and bed size characteristics, and determine ...
Income of households by district, neighbourhood, type of residence and characteristics, 2013 (Dutch only). Custom-made tables ... Income of households by district, neighbourhood, type of residence and characteristics, 2013 (Dutch only). Custom-made tables ... type of residence and household characteristics. Commissioned by: Housing cooperative Woonstede. ... type of residence and household characteristics. Commissioned by: Housing cooperative Triada. ...
Characteristics of 65 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus, China* ... Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Genetic Characteristics of Human Infections with Influenza A(H5N6) Viruses, China Wenfei Zhu1, ... Epidemiologic, Clinical, and Genetic Characteristics of Human Infections with Influenza A(H5N6) Viruses, China. ... Residence. Urban 34 (52.3). Rural. 31 (47.7). Fatalities (CFR). 36 (55.4). Poultry exposure. ...
Part B - General Housing Characteristics. Type of Structure. *Single family detached (detached structure with only one primary ... residence; however the structure could include a rental unit(s) in the basement, attic, etc. ...
Ownership with Chinese Characteristics: Private Property Rights and Land Reform in the PRC. February 3, 2003 , Roundtable ... Shenyang City Government Revokes Reforms to Temporary Residence Permit System. October 4, 2006 , Commission Analysis ... Shanghai Rolls Out Temporary Residence Permits (Story in Chinese). September 30, 2004 , Commission Analysis ...
Entry visa and residence permit prospective students * Immigration law * Entry visa testimonials ... Characteristics of Educational Innovations at Wageningen University: An Executive Summary of a Research Study. Status: ... Characteristics of Educational Innovations at Wageningen University. This executive summary reports on a research study mapping ... the characteristics of educational innovation projects at WUR (Wageningen University and Research). It provides a general ...
Core characteristics of a Wikipedian in Residence[edit]. *Serves as a liaison between the organization and the Wikimedia ... List of Wikipedians in Residence[edit]. Timeline of Wikipedians in Residence up to 2012 (incomplete).. Organization Project ... Wikimedian-in-Residence at TVA Chennai, India Info-farmer October 2015 - 96 West Virginia University Wikipedian in Residence ... Wikipedian in Residence Barcelona, CAT Mariona Aragay May-December, 2013 45 Ladd Observatory Wikipedian in Residence/Ladd ...
This report is a literature review of the characteristics of innovative people and how they spur growth. ... Country of residence:. United Kingdom. Aaland Islands. Afghanistan. Albania. Algeria. American Samoa. Andorra. Angola. Anguilla ... Characteristics and behaviours of innovative people in organisations. www.nesta.org.uk/report/characteristics-and-behaviours-of ... This report is a literature review of the characteristics of innovative people and how they spur growth. ...
... demographic characteristics, including residence area; (b) environment impact factors including social adjustment status (i.e ... Baseline characteristics of the subjects. The response rate was 88.70% (1,916/2,160) in the cross-sectional study. In total, ... In order to make up the above mentioned deficiencies, the present study will examine the gender characteristics in ADSs from ... So far, there are few studies that have investigated gender characteristics in the prevalence and impact factors of ADSs during ...
population age characteristics dwellings houses language education immigration citizenship labor work industry earnings income ... Age characteristics of this city. Companies located in Longueuil. *Innergex Renewable Energy ...
Between the Yes-SG and No-SG groups, there were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, health care- and health ... State of residence (Q3), n (%). .02. Australian Capital Territory. 19 (4.6). 16 (5.2). 3 (2.8). ... Exploring the Characteristics and Preferences for Online Support Groups: Mixed Method Study Exploring the Characteristics and ... Sociodemographic Characteristics and Health Care- and Health Information-Seeking Behavior. Sociodemographic characteristics and ...
Birth date, national origin, country of residence. Characteristics of protected classifications under California or federal law ... Characteristics of protected classifications under state or federal law. Racial or ethnic origin. As part of a conference ... Signatures; physical characteristics or descriptions; insurance policy numbers; bank account, full credit or debit card numbers ... A persons preferences, characteristics, psychological trends, predispositions, behavior, attitudes, intelligence, abilities, ...
Keywords : Healthcare disparities; Social determinants of health; Mortality; Violence; Residence characteristics; Spatial ...
Childrens Co-Residence with Mothers and Fathers, 2022. *FP-23-20. Sociodemographic Characteristics of Fathers by Fathers ... Characteristics of Single Adults in the U.S., 2022. *FP-22-27. Marriage-to-Divorce Ratio in the U.S.: Geographic Variation, ... Characteristics of Early Marriages. *FP-17-22. Crossover in the Median Age at First Marriage and First Birth: Thirty-Five Years ... Trends in Mens Economic Characteristics and Marriage. *FP-16-02. Childlessness and Marital Status Among Middle-aged U.S. ...
Table based on place of usual residence. Dwelling characteristics Occupied private dwellings (excl. visitor only and other non- ... More information on Sex (SEXP), Place of usual residence (PURP) Table based on place of usual residence ... Table based on place of usual residence Age All people New South Wales, 2021. % New South Wales, 2021. New South Wales, 2016. % ... Table based on place of usual residence Country of birth of parents All people New South Wales, 2021. % New South Wales, 2021. ...
Table based on place of usual residence. Dwelling characteristics Occupied private dwellings (excl. visitor only and other non- ... More information on Sex (SEXP), Place of usual residence (PURP) Table based on place of usual residence ... Table based on place of usual residence Country of birth of parents All people Ashby (WA). % Ashby (WA). Western Australia. % ... Table based on place of usual residence Age All people Ashby (WA). % Ashby (WA). Western Australia. % Western Australia. ...
Is the information above correct? Please click here to provide updated information for this propertys characteristics. ... Residence Type Two Story Use Single Family Apartments None Exterior Construction Masonry ...
Table based on place of usual residence. Dwelling characteristics Occupied private dwellings (excl. visitor only and other non- ... More information on Sex (SEXP), Place of usual residence (PURP) Table based on place of usual residence ... Table based on place of usual residence Age All people Moreton Bay. % Moreton Bay. Queensland. % Queensland. Australia. % ... Table based on place of usual residence Country of birth of parents All people Moreton Bay. % Moreton Bay. Queensland. % ...
As different as each one is, they share two common characteristics. Their hats are bent and they wear their hearts on their ... Residents Of Gnometown Take Up Permanent Residence In Dawson, Minnesota. August 30, 2020 / 10:10 PM CDT. / CBS Minnesota ...
  • This study compared three cancer screening practices (mammography, breast physical examination, and Pap smears) across three residence groups (metropolitan, non-metropolitan, and farms) of Colorado women and described demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the groups. (cdc.gov)
  • There were important differences between non-metropolitan women and farm women in demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, which influenced screening practices. (cdc.gov)
  • ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of hospital-based rates of caesarean delivery in 18 Arab countries and the association between these rates and selected demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. (who.int)
  • Between the Yes-SG and No-SG groups, there were no differences in sociodemographic characteristics, health care- and health information-seeking behavior, and digital literacy. (jmir.org)
  • Gender differences were identified in the association of noise annoyance with sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported morbidity. (scielosp.org)
  • Custom-made tables regarding the income of households by district, neighbourhood, type of residence and household characteristics. (cbs.nl)
  • Custom-made tables regarding the income of households by district, neighbourhood, type of residence and household characteristics.Commissioned by: Housing cooperative Woonstede. (cbs.nl)
  • Using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, a new NCHS report provides how often patients go to the ED closest to their home, and how differences in geography, patient demographics, and hospital characteristics are associated with ED selection patterns. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinicians and patients should consider age (particularly age ≥75 years), LTCF residence, and underlying medical conditions, including COPD and CHF, in shared decision-making regarding RSV vaccination to prevent severe RSV-associated outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • These data highlight the importance of prioritizing those at highest risk for severe RSV disease and suggest that clinicians and patients consider age (particularly age ≥75 years), long-term care facility residence, and underlying medical conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure, in shared clinical decision-making when offering RSV vaccine to adults aged ≥60 years. (cdc.gov)
  • Using data from the Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network, a population-based hospitalization surveillance system operating in 12 states, this analysis examined characteristics (including age, underlying medical conditions, and clinical outcomes) of 3,218 adults aged ≥60 years who were hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection during July 2022-June 2023. (cdc.gov)
  • Understanding the hospital clinical characteristics that commonly lead to people transitioning into residential aged care is important to determine where high-quality transitional care is most needed, and where new policies and interventions should be targeted. (aihw.gov.au)
  • All clinical characteristics are reported by people's change in usual residence or mortality in the 7-days after discharge from hospital. (aihw.gov.au)
  • Individuals with DS or trisomy 21 develop a clinical syndrome of dementia with clinical and neuropathologic characteristics almost identical to those of AD as described in individuals without DS. (medscape.com)
  • Characteristics of the respondent's local labor market are no longer released, nor are measures of the geographic proximity of the respondent's residence to the employer (except what can be approximated by length of travel). (nlsinfo.org)
  • Urbanization and Metro/Nonmetro categories are also available for mother's county of residence, in the classifications for 2006 and 2013. (cdc.gov)
  • Cancer rates vary by many different characteristics, including geographic classifications such as county of residence. (cdc.gov)
  • These aspects of the Native Hawaiian popula- der, ethnicity, island of residence, morbidity level, year of tion further elevate its risk for developing diabetes treatment, and type of coverage (i.e. (cdc.gov)
  • To describe persons who experienced severe RSV disease requiring hospitalization, data from a large, geographically diverse surveillance system were analyzed to identify characteristics of adults aged ≥60 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed RSV infection during the 2022-23 respiratory virus season. (cdc.gov)
  • The goal of this study was to identify characteristics of adherence to oral hypoglycemic agents. (cdc.gov)
  • Third approach: classify acute care hospitals into groups based on academic, urban, and bed size characteristics, and determine the average event rate for Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation hospitals in each group, and use weighted averages to calculate the national inhospital cardiac arrest rate. (nih.gov)
  • Eligibility is the permanent home and legal residence of the applicant. (lincolninst.edu)
  • Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the Kosovar adult population in relation to their sex, age, and place of residence (urban or rural). (hindawi.com)
  • Data were collected based on age, sex, and residence (rural or urban). (hindawi.com)
  • Combining farm residents and non-farm rural residents into a single category designated as rural may obscure differences in preventive care utilization, including cancer screening practices in each group, because of distinctive characteristics of farmers. (cdc.gov)
  • Only residential property that is the taxpayer's permanent residence is eligible for this program. (lincolninst.edu)
  • For all post-1990 surveys, the following variables are no longer created: (1) 'Comparison of Current Residence with Previous SMSA,' (2) 'Residence - Size of Labor Force,' and (3) 'Residence - Unemployment Rate for Labor Market' (both Census and CPS versions). (nlsinfo.org)
  • and (b) include a question for each person enumerated on the form to determine location and type of residence during Census Day. (cdc.gov)
  • Comparisons of Colorado women's cancer screening practices by residence: metropolitan, non-metropolitan, and farm. (cdc.gov)
  • Females interviewed in the 1993 Colorado Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ( BRFSS ) were divided into residence as metropolitan or non-metropolitan. (cdc.gov)
  • When non-metropolitan and farm women were combined, there was no association between residence and having had a physical breast examination. (cdc.gov)
  • And it's designed so that the population of the EIP network is roughly representative of the US population on the basis of demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, race, and urban residence, as well as population density and percent at or below the poverty level. (cdc.gov)
  • Some of the online stores in the study fail to comply with the European rules against unequal treatment based on nationality or place of residence. (acm.nl)
  • This executive summary reports on a research study mapping the characteristics of educational innovation projects at WUR (Wageningen University and Research). (wur.nl)
  • For people aged 65 or older, this study reports on the characteristics of each person's first hospitalisation ending in 2017 and their transitions of care before and after. (aihw.gov.au)
  • The study, "Career Advancement in the 1990's," researched the characteristics of managers between 1990 and 1997. (feminist.org)
  • It provides a graphical display of a range of characteristics of Jersey residents and housing. (www.gov.je)
  • SMSA codes assigned to the 'Residence - SMSA Status' variables were those in effect as of January 1, 1976 (Office of Management and the Budget). (nlsinfo.org)
  • Retained for continued release were (1) 'Residence Status (Mover),' a set of variables that had always been based on permanent address comparisons, and (2) three other variables based on definitions that had remained the same since the inception of the surveys (i.e. (nlsinfo.org)
  • Data are available by a variety of demographic characteristics, such as state and county of residence, mother's race, and mother's age, and health and medical items. (cdc.gov)
  • One critical universe that was apparently affected was college students temporarily away from their permanent residences at the time of the interview. (nlsinfo.org)
  • Wikipedians (or Wikimedians ) in Residence are Wikimedians who dedicate time to working in-house at an organization. (wikimedia.org)
  • no territories) of mother's legal residence at the time of birth. (cdc.gov)
  • Results of search for 'su:{Residence characteristics. (who.int)
  • The Wikipedian in Residence is not simply an in-house editor: the role is fundamentally about enabling the host organisation and its members to continue a productive relationship with the encyclopedia and its community after the Residency is finished. (wikimedia.org)
  • Numerous factors in the rating process, including the content of students' responses, the characteristics of raters, and the context in which the scoring occurs, are thought to influence the quality of raters' scores. (frontiersin.org)
  • Markov chain Monte Carlo) estimation to decompose the impact of response content, rater characteristics, and scoring contexts on rater accuracy. (frontiersin.org)
  • Response content can comprise the text features of a response (e.g., lexical characteristics), the information or ideas included in the response (e.g., semantic characteristics), and even the visual appearance of the response (e.g., legibility, formatting). (frontiersin.org)
  • used to examine the relationship between adherence and This problem poses serious consequences for Asian- patient characteristics. (cdc.gov)
  • Insights: While presenting excessive and unnecessary patient characteristics in examination questions should be avoided, the absence of many diversity aspects may reduce examination authenticity and defeat the teaching of diversity in medicine. (lu.se)
  • The Wikipedian in Residence will work as a community coordinator and strengthen the relationship between the Archives and the Wikipedian community through a range of activities. (wikimedia.org)
  • Although difficult to work, it has one unrivalled characteristic-durability. (orau.org)
  • Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine characteristics related to the screening practices. (cdc.gov)
  • Almost one in three relocated their place of residence for their jobs. (feminist.org)
  • Wikipedians in Residence are usually financially compensated by the institution or by a Wikimedia chapter, but they may also be volunteers. (wikimedia.org)
  • The best way to locate a potential Wikipedian in Residence is to connect with your local Wikimedia chapter (if one exists) and/or via the talk page of an appropriate WikiProject on Wikipedia. (wikimedia.org)
  • Individuals must also occupy the qualifying property as their primary residence. (lincolninst.edu)
  • Second, basic demographic and underlying health characteristics of the workers in some industry sectors may have led to an overrepresentation of those sectors. (cdc.gov)
  • Multiple measures of raters' qualification performance predicted their scoring accuracy, but general rater background characteristics including experience and education did not. (frontiersin.org)