Cold-blooded, air-breathing VERTEBRATES belonging to the class Reptilia, usually covered with external scales or bony plates.
*Medical Definition:* 'Lizards' are not typically defined in the field of medicine, as they are a type of reptile and not a medical condition or healthcare-related concept; however, certain lizard species such as the Gila monster and beaded lizards possess venomous bites, which can lead to medical emergencies like envenomation requiring medical attention.
##### I apologize, but the term "turtles" is not a recognized medical term or concept. It is commonly referred to as a group of reptiles with a shell, and does not have any direct relevance to medical definition.
Large, long-tailed reptiles, including caimans, of the order Loricata.
Limbless REPTILES of the suborder Serpentes.
VERTEBRATES belonging to the class amphibia such as frogs, toads, newts and salamanders that live in a semiaquatic environment.
Large herbivorous tropical American lizards.
A family of snakes comprising the boas, anacondas, and pythons. They occupy a variety of habitats through the tropics and subtropics and are arboreal, aquatic or fossorial (burrowing). Some are oviparous, others ovoviviparous. Contrary to popular opinion, they do not crush the bones of their victims: their coils exert enough pressure to stop a prey's breathing, thus suffocating it. There are five subfamilies: Boinae, Bolyerinae, Erycinae, Pythoninae, and Tropidophiinae. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, p315-320)
The capability of bearing live young (rather than eggs) in nonmammalian species. Some species of REPTILES and FISHES exhibit this.
The largest family of snakes, comprising five subfamilies: Colubrinae, Natricinae, Homalopsinae, Lycodontinae, and Xenodontinae. They show a great diversity of eating habits, some eating almost anything, others having a specialized diet. They can be oviparous, ovoviviparous, or viviparous. The majority of North American snakes are colubrines. Among the colubrids are king snakes, water moccasins, water snakes, and garter snakes. Some genera are poisonous. (Goin, Goin, and Zug, Introduction to Herpetology, 3d ed, pp321-29)
Remains, impressions, or traces of animals or plants of past geological times which have been preserved in the earth's crust.
Proteins obtained from species of REPTILES.
Animals having a vertebral column, members of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Craniata comprising mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
General name for two extinct orders of reptiles from the Mesozoic era: Saurischia and Ornithischia.
Warm-blooded VERTEBRATES possessing FEATHERS and belonging to the class Aves.
A small aquatic oviparous mammal of the order Monotremata found in Australia and Tasmania.
Beliefs and practices concerned with producing desired results through supernatural forces or agents as with the manipulation of fetishes or rituals.
Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young.
Animals kept by humans for companionship and enjoyment, as opposed to DOMESTIC ANIMALS such as livestock or farm animals, which are kept for economic reasons.
The capability of producing eggs (OVA) from which young are hatched outside the body. While mostly referring to nonmammalian species, this does include MAMMALS of the order MONOTREMATA.
The study of animals - their morphology, growth, distribution, classification, and behavior.
The process of cumulative change over successive generations through which organisms acquire their distinguishing morphological and physiological characteristics.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
The comparative study of animal structure with regard to homologous organs or parts. (Stedman, 25th ed)
The study of early forms of life through fossil remains.
An oviparous burrowing mammal of the order Monotremata native to Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. It has hair mingled with spines on the upper part of the body and is adapted for feeding on ants.
Keratins that form into a beta-pleated sheet structure. They are principle constituents of the corneous material of the carapace and plastron of turtles, the epidermis of snakes and the feathers of birds.
Historically, the treatment of disease by the administration of animal organs or their extracts (after Brown-Sequard). At present synthetic preparations substitute for the extracts of a gland. (From Stedman, 26th ed)
A board-certified specialty of VETERINARY MEDICINE, requiring at least four years of special education, training, and practice of veterinary surgery after graduation from veterinary school. In the written, oral, and practical examinations candidates may choose either large or small animal surgery. (From AVMA Directory, 43d ed, p278)
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) clotting activity in human plasma in health and disease in various animal plasmas. (1/408)

Fitzgerald factor (high molecular weight kininogen) is an agent in normal human plasma that corrects the impaired in vitro surface-mediated plasma reactions of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation observed in Fitzgerald trait plasma. To assess the possible pathophysiologic role of Fitzgerald factor, its titer was measured by a functional clot-promoting assay. Mean +/- SD in 42 normal adults was 0.99+/-0.25 units/ml, one unit being the activity in 1 ml of normal pooled plasma. No difference in titer was noted between normal men and women, during pregnancy, or after physical exercise. Fitzgerald factor activity was significantly reduced in the plasmas of eight patients with advanced hepatic cirrhosis (0.40+/-0.09 units/ml) and of ten patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (0.60+/-0.30 units/ml), but was normal in plasmas of patients with other congenital clotting factor deficiencies, nephrotic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, or sarcoidosis, or under treatment with warfarin. The plasmas of 21 mammalian species tested appeared to contain Fitzgerald factor activity, but those of two avian, two repitilian, and one amphibian species did not correct the coagulant defect in Fitzgerald trait plasmas.  (+info)

Evidence for a correlation between the number of marginal band microtubules and the size of vertebrate erthrocytes. (2/408)

In 23 species of vertebrates the dimensions of erythrocytes and the number of their marginal band microtubules were examined. A positive correlation was found between the size of erythrocytes and the number of microtubules. The absence of microtubules in diskoid erythrocytes of mammals-Camelidae-is discussed.  (+info)

Activities of citrate synthase, NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in nervous tissues from vertebrates and invertebrates. (3/408)

1. The activities of citrate synthase and NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases were measured in nervous tissue from different animals in an attempt to provide more information about the citric acid cycle in this tissue. In higher animals the activities of citrate synthase are greater than the sum of activities of the isocitrate dehydrogenases, whereas they are similar in nervous tissues from the lower animals. This suggests that in higher animals the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction is far-removed from equilibrium. If it is assumed that isocitrate dehydrogenase activities provide an indication of the maximum flux through the citric acid cycle, the maximum glycolytic capacity in nervous tissue is considerably greater than that of the cycle. This suggest that glycolysis can provide energy in excess of the aerobic capacity of the tissue. 2. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase are high in most nervous tissues and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase are high in all nervous tissue investigated. However, the activities of alanine aminotransferase are low in all tissues except the ganglia of the waterbug and cockroach. In these insect tissues, anaerobic glycolysis may result in the formation of alanine rather than lactate.  (+info)

Morphological and histochemical variations of mucous and oxynticopeptic cells in the stomach of the seps, Chalcides chalcides. (4/408)

Mucous and oxynticopeptic cells in the gastric mucosa of the seps, Chalcides chalcides (Linnaeus, 1758) were examined by standard histochemical staining methods and by lectin histochemistry. The epithelial mucous cells lining the surface of the stomach and the mucous cells of the fundic glands elaborated mainly neutral glycoproteins with beta(1,4)GlcNAc oligomers, GalNAc glycosidic residues and Gal beta1,3GalNAc terminal sequences. The mucous cells of the fundic glands were stained specifically with the Paradoxical Con A method. The mucosecreting cells of the pyloric glands produced neutral glycoproteins, with beta(1,4)GlcNAc oligomers, GalNAc residues and Gal beta1,3GalNAc terminal sequences. Terminal L-fucose bound to the penultimate GlcNAc residues, and/or difucosylated oligosaccharides were also present. The pyloric glands did not stain with the Paradoxical Con A procedure. The morphology of the oxynticopeptic cells changes from the oral to the aboral region of the fundic mucosa. In the oral fundic tract the oxynticopeptic cells showed cytoplasm filled with zymogen granules, while in the aboral fundic region these cells contained few zymogen granules and showed cytoplasm full of empty vesicles, typical of the acid secreting cells. A secretion gradient of proteolytic enzymes and hydrochloric acid along the fundic mucosa of the seps can be hypothesised.  (+info)

Genetic structure of natural populations of Escherichia coli in wild hosts on different continents. (5/408)

Current knowledge of genotypic and phenotypic diversity in the species Escherichia coli is based almost entirely on strains recovered from humans or zoo animals. In this study, we analyzed a collection of 202 strains obtained from 81 mammalian species representing 39 families and 14 orders in Australia and the Americas, as well as several reference strains; we also included a strain from a reptile and 10 from different families of birds collected in Mexico. The strains were characterized genotypically by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and phenotypically by patterns of sugar utilization, antibiotic resistance, and plasmid profile. MLEE analysis yielded an estimated genetic diversity (H) of 0.682 for 11 loci. The observed genetic diversity in this sample is the greatest yet reported for E. coli. However, this genetic diversity is not randomly distributed; geographic effects and host taxonomic group accounted for most of the genetic differentiation. The genetic relationship among the strains showed that they are more associated by origin and host order than is expected by chance. In a dendrogram, the ancestral cluster includes primarily strains from Australia and ECOR strains from groups B and C. The most differentiated E. coli in our analysis are strains from Mexican carnivores and strains from humans, including those in the ECOR group A. The kinds and numbers of sugars utilized by the strains varied by host taxonomic group and country of origin. Strains isolated from bats were found to exploit the greatest range of sugars, while those from primates utilized the fewest. Toxins are more frequent in strains from rodents from both continents than in any other taxonomic group. Strains from Mexican wild mammals were, on average, as resistant to antibiotics as strains from humans in cities. On average, the Australian strains presented a lower antibiotic resistance than the Mexican strains. However, strains recovered from hosts in cities carried significantly more plasmids than did strains isolated from wild mammals. Previous studies have shown that natural populations of E. coli harbor an extensive genetic diversity that is organized in a limited number of clones. However, knowledge of this worldwide bacterium has been limited. Here, we suggest that the strains from a wide range of wild hosts from different regions of the world are organized in an ecotypic structure where adaptation to the host plays an important role in the population structure.  (+info)

Developmental evolution: this side of paradise. (6/408)

It has long been appreciated that the evolution of snakes involved the loss of limbs and axis elongation, but their developmental basis has been obscure. It has now been shown that alterations in the deployment of Hox genes and an early block in the formation of hindlimb primordia underpin these modifications.  (+info)

Reptile-associated salmonellosis--selected states, 1996-1998. (7/408)

During 1996-1998, CDC received reports from approximately 16 state health departments of Salmonella infections in persons who had direct or indirect contact with reptiles (i.e., lizards, snakes, or turtles). Salmonella infection can result in invasive illness including sepsis and meningitis, particularly in infants. Despite educational efforts, some reptile owners remain unaware that reptiles place them and their children at risk for salmonellosis. This report summarizes clinical and epidemiologic information in four cases and provides information about state regulations to prevent transmission of Salmonella spp. from reptiles to humans.  (+info)

Comparative development of the mammalian isocortex and the reptilian dorsal ventricular ridge. Evolutionary considerations. (8/408)

There has been a long debate about a possible homology between parts of the dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) of reptiles and birds, and parts of the mammalian isocortex. Correspondence between these structures was originally proposed on the basis of connectional similarities between the DVR of birds and the mammalian auditory and extrastriate visual isocortical areas. Furthermore, the proposal of homology includes the possible embryological similarity of cells that give rise to the DVR and cells that give rise to the isocortex. Against this concept it has been claimed that the DVR and the isocortex originate in topographically different pallial compartments, an interpretation that is supported by recent developmental and molecular data. Other studies indicate that migrating cells can cross the borders between adjacent developmental compartments: cells that originate in subcortical components contribute a number of interneurons to the developing isocortex via tangential migration. This mechanism might reconcile the proposed homology with the developmental evidence, since cells originating in one compartment (the one corresponding to DVR) may become included in structures generated in a different compartment (the one corresponding to isocortex). However, there is no evidence in mammals of a structure homologous to the embryonic DVR that can produce isocortical neurons. In order to fully clarify the problem of isocortical origins, further comparative studies are needed of the embryonic development of the lateral and dorsal aspects of the cerebral hemispheres in amphibians, reptiles and mammals.  (+info)

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Reptiles" is not a medical term. It is a term used in biology to describe a class of cold-blooded, scaly-skinned animals that include snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, turtles, and tortoises. They are characterized by having lungs for breathing, laying eggs on land, and having a three-chambered heart. If you have any medical questions or terms, I'd be happy to help clarify those!

I apologize for any confusion, but "lizards" is not a term used in medical definition. Lizards are a group of scaled reptiles constituting the order Squamata, characterized by having skin covered with overlapping scales, external ears, and movable eyelids. They are found worldwide in a variety of habitats, ranging from desert to tropical environments. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health concerns, I'd be happy to help!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "turtles" is not a medical term. It refers to the group of reptiles that have a shell and include various species such as tortoises and terrapins. If you have any medical concerns or questions, I would be happy to try to help with those!

Alligators and crocodiles are large, semi-aquatic reptiles belonging to the order Crocodylia. They are characterized by a long, broad snout, powerful tail, and sharp teeth designed for grabbing and holding onto prey. Alligators and crocodiles are similar in appearance but can be distinguished by their snouts: alligators have a wider, U-shaped snout, while crocodiles have a more V-shaped snout.

Alligators (family Alligatoridae) are native to the United States and China, with two living species: the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and the Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis). They prefer freshwater habitats such as rivers, lakes, and marshes.

Crocodiles (family Crocodylidae) are found in tropical regions around the world, including Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas. There are 14 species of crocodiles, including the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus), the Saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), and the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus). Crocodiles can tolerate both freshwater and saltwater environments.

Both alligators and crocodiles are apex predators, feeding on a variety of animals such as fish, birds, and mammals. They are known for their powerful bite force and have been reported to take down large prey, including deer and cattle. Alligators and crocodiles play an important role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems by controlling populations of other animals and helping to keep waterways clean.

While alligators and crocodiles are often feared due to their size and predatory nature, they are also threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and hunting. Several species are considered endangered or vulnerable, and conservation efforts are underway to protect them and their habitats.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "snakes" is not a medical term. It refers to a group of legless reptiles that can be found on every continent except Antarctica. If you have any questions about snakes in a different context, please provide more information and I'll do my best to help!

Amphibians are a class of cold-blooded vertebrates that include frogs, toads, salamanders, newts, and caecilians. They are characterized by their four-limbed body structure, moist skin, and double circulation system with three-chambered hearts. Amphibians are unique because they have a life cycle that involves two distinct stages: an aquatic larval stage (usually as a tadpole or larva) and a terrestrial adult stage. They typically start their lives in water, undergoing metamorphosis to develop lungs and legs for a land-dwelling existence. Many amphibians are also known for their complex reproductive behaviors and vocalizations.

Iguanas are not a medical term. They refer to a type of large, herbivorous lizard that is native to Central and South America, as well as the Caribbean. Some species of iguanas are also found in Mexico and parts of the southern United States. The green iguana is the most common species kept as pets. If you're looking for a medical definition, it might be a case of mistaken identity or misspelling, please make sure the term is correct.

Boidae is a family of snakes, also known as boas. This family includes many different species of large, non-venomous snakes found in various parts of the world, particularly in Central and South America, Africa, and Asia. Boas are known for their strong bodies and muscular tails, which they use to constrict their prey before swallowing it whole. Some well-known members of this family include the anaconda, the python, and the boa constrictor.

Nonmammalian viviparity is a reproductive strategy in which offspring are born alive and have undergone some degree of embryonic development inside the mother's body, receiving nutrients through a placenta or similar organ. This mode of reproduction is found in certain non-mammal species, such as some reptiles (like some snakes and lizards), fish (like the guppy and platypus), and invertebrates (like certain spiders and insects). In these cases, the offspring are not nourished by milk, which is a key characteristic that differentiates nonmammalian viviparity from mammalian viviparity.

Colubridae is a family of snakes that includes a large majority of the world's snake species. It is a diverse group, with members ranging from relatively small and harmless species to large and potentially dangerous ones. Some colubrids have evolved specialized adaptations for specific hunting strategies or defense mechanisms.

Colubridae species are found worldwide, except in Antarctica, and they inhabit various environments such as forests, grasslands, deserts, and wetlands. Many colubrids are constrictors, meaning they kill their prey by wrapping their bodies around it and squeezing until the prey can no longer breathe.

It is worth noting that some colubrid species were previously classified under other families such as Natricidae or Dipsadidae, but recent genetic studies have led to a reclassification of these snakes into Colubridae.

Some examples of colubrids include rat snakes, gopher snakes, racers, whip snakes, and tree snakes. The family also includes some well-known species like the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) and the black mamba (Dendroaspis polylepis), which are among the longest and most venomous snakes in the world. However, it is important to note that not all colubrids are venomous, and those that are typically pose little threat to humans due to their mild venom or shy nature.

In medical terms, "fossils" do not have a specific or direct relevance to the field. However, in a broader scientific context, fossils are the remains or impressions of prehistoric organisms preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock. They offer valuable evidence about the Earth's history and the life forms that existed on it millions of years ago.

Paleopathology is a subfield of paleontology that deals with the study of diseases in fossils, which can provide insights into the evolution of diseases and human health over time.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Reptilian Proteins" does not have a specific or established medical or scientific meaning. The term "reptilian" generally refers to characteristics of reptiles, and proteins are complex molecules that perform various functions within all living organisms, including reptiles. However, there isn't a recognized category or classification called "Reptilian Proteins" in the field of medicine or biology. If you have any questions about specific reptile-related proteins or reptile physiology, I would be happy to try and help with those!

A group of chordate animals (Phylum Chordata) that have a vertebral column, or backbone, made up of individual vertebrae. This group includes mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates are characterized by the presence of a notochord, which is a flexible, rod-like structure that runs along the length of the body during development; a dorsal hollow nerve cord; and pharyngeal gill slits at some stage in their development. The vertebral column provides support and protection for the spinal cord and allows for the development of complex movements and behaviors.

Dinosaurs are a group of reptiles that were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic period until the end of the Cretaceous period. They first appeared approximately 230 million years ago and went extinct around 65 million years ago.

Dinosaurs are characterized by their upright stance, with legs positioned directly under their bodies, and a wide range of body sizes and shapes. Some dinosaurs were enormous, such as the long-necked sauropods that could reach lengths of over 100 feet, while others were small and agile.

Dinosaurs are classified into two main groups: the saurischians (lizard-hipped) and the ornithischians (bird-hipped). The saurischians include both the large carnivorous theropods, such as Tyrannosaurus rex, and the long-necked sauropods. The ornithischians were primarily herbivores and included a diverse array of species, such as the armored ankylosaurs and the horned ceratopsians.

Despite their extinction, dinosaurs have left a lasting impact on our planet and continue to be a source of fascination for people of all ages. The study of dinosaurs, known as paleontology, has shed light on many aspects of Earth's history and the evolution of life on our planet.

I am not aware of a medical definition for the term "birds." Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, and lightweight but strong skeletons. Some birds, such as pigeons and chickens, have been used in medical research, but the term "birds" itself does not have a specific medical definition.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "platypus" is not a medical concept or condition. It is a type of mammal native to Australia, recognized by its unique appearance with a duck-like bill, webbed feet, and a body covered in dense, waterproof fur. If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help clarify!

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "magic" is not a term that is recognized in medical terminology. It is commonly understood to refer to supernatural or illusory powers or events, which are not relevant to the field of medicine. If you have any questions related to medical conditions, treatments, or terminology, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

Mammals are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Mammalia, characterized by the presence of mammary glands (which produce milk to feed their young), hair or fur, three middle ear bones, and a neocortex region in their brain. They are found in a diverse range of habitats and come in various sizes, from tiny shrews to large whales. Examples of mammals include humans, apes, monkeys, dogs, cats, bats, mice, raccoons, seals, dolphins, horses, and elephants.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "pets" is not a medical term. In general, a pet is a domesticated animal, usually kept for companionship or pleasure. They are not typically associated with medical definitions or terminology. If you have any questions related to veterinary medicine or the care of pets as it relates to human health, I'd be happy to try and help answer those!

Oviparity is a form of reproduction in which an animal lays eggs with externally developing embryos. The eggs are usually equipped with a protective shell and all the nutrients necessary for the development of the embryo, which allows the female to lay and abandon them, without any further care. This method of reproduction is common in many species of fish, reptiles, insects, and birds.

In oviparous animals, the fertilization of the egg may occur either internally or externally. In internal fertilization, the male deposits sperm directly into the female's reproductive tract, which then travel to the ova and fertilize them. The fertilized eggs are subsequently laid by the female. In external fertilization, the male and female release their gametes (sperm and eggs) into the surrounding environment, where fertilization takes place.

Oviparity is distinct from viviparity, a reproductive strategy in which the embryo develops inside the mother's body and receives nutrients through a placenta. In viviparous animals, such as mammals (excluding monotremes), the young are born live instead of hatching from eggs.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "zoology" is not a term used in medical definitions. Zoology is a branch of biology that deals with the study of animals and animal life. It involves understanding their evolution, classification, behavior, structure, genetics, and distribution. If you have any questions related to medical terminology or concepts, I'd be happy to help!

Biological evolution is the change in the genetic composition of populations of organisms over time, from one generation to the next. It is a process that results in descendants differing genetically from their ancestors. Biological evolution can be driven by several mechanisms, including natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. These processes can lead to changes in the frequency of alleles (variants of a gene) within populations, resulting in the development of new species and the extinction of others over long periods of time. Biological evolution provides a unifying explanation for the diversity of life on Earth and is supported by extensive evidence from many different fields of science, including genetics, paleontology, comparative anatomy, and biogeography.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

Comparative anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that deals with the study and comparison of the structures and functions of different species, including humans. It involves the examination of similarities and differences in the anatomy of various organisms to understand their evolutionary relationships and adaptations. This field helps scientists to understand the development and function of body structures, as well as the evolutionary history of different species. By comparing and contrasting the anatomy of different organisms, researchers can gain insights into the functions and workings of various bodily systems and how they have evolved over time.

Paleontology is not a medical field, but rather it is a branch of earth sciences and biology that deals with the study of prehistoric life forms through the examination of plant and animal fossils, including those of extinct organisms. It involves various disciplines such as stratigraphy, geochronology, and systematics to understand the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

However, I understand that you are looking for information related to a non-medical topic, so here is some additional context:

Paleontology can be divided into several subdisciplines, including vertebrate paleontology (the study of fossilized animals with backbones), invertebrate paleontology (the study of fossilized animals without backbones), paleobotany (the study of fossil plants), micropaleontology (the study of microscopic fossils), and taphonomy (the study of the processes that occur after an organism's death, leading to its preservation as a fossil).

Paleontologists use various techniques to study fossils, including comparative anatomy, histology (the study of tissue structure), and geochemistry. They also rely on other scientific fields such as genetics, physics, and chemistry to help them interpret the data they collect from fossils.

Through their research, paleontologists can learn about the morphology, behavior, ecology, and evolutionary relationships of extinct organisms, providing valuable insights into the history of life on Earth.

An echidna is not a medical term, but rather it is the name given to a type of mammal that is native to Australia and New Guinea. Echidnas are also known as spiny anteaters because they have sharp spines on their bodies and feed on ants and termites.

Echidnas are unique among mammals because they lay eggs instead of giving birth to live young like most other mammals do. The egg is incubated in the female's pouch, where it hatches after about 10 days. The newly hatched baby, called a puggle, is then cared for and fed by the mother's milk until it is ready to leave the pouch and fend for itself.

There are two species of echidnas: the short-beaked echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) and the long-beaked echidna (Zaglossus bruijni). Both species are protected under Australian law, and they play an important role in the ecosystem by controlling insect populations.

Beta-keratins are a type of keratin proteins that are mainly found in the cells of reptiles, birds, and some mammals such as marsupials. These proteins make up the scales, feathers, claws, beaks, and other hard structures of these animals. Beta-keratins have a different molecular structure compared to alpha-keratins, which are the predominant type of keratins found in mammalian skin, hair, and nails.

Organotherapy is a form of treatment that involves the use of animal organs or their extracts to treat various medical conditions in humans. The concept behind this therapy is based on the idea that extracts from specific organs of animals can have therapeutic effects on corresponding organs in humans due to similarities in biological structures and functions.

For example, a preparation made from the thyroid gland of a pig might be used to treat hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in humans. Similarly, pancreatic extracts from animals have been used to treat diabetes. However, organotherapy is not widely practiced today due to advancements in modern medicine and the development of more effective and targeted treatments like synthetic hormones and gene therapy.

Veterinary surgery refers to the surgical procedures performed on animals by trained veterinarians or veterinary surgeons. It involves the use of various surgical techniques and tools to diagnose, treat, or prevent diseases and injuries in animals. This can include soft tissue surgeries such as abdominal or thoracic surgeries, orthopedic surgeries for bone and joint issues, neurological surgeries, oncological surgeries for the removal of tumors, and reconstructive surgeries. Veterinary surgeons must complete extensive education and training in order to provide safe and effective surgical care for animals.

Species specificity is a term used in the field of biology, including medicine, to refer to the characteristic of a biological entity (such as a virus, bacterium, or other microorganism) that allows it to interact exclusively or preferentially with a particular species. This means that the biological entity has a strong affinity for, or is only able to infect, a specific host species.

For example, HIV is specifically adapted to infect human cells and does not typically infect other animal species. Similarly, some bacterial toxins are species-specific and can only affect certain types of animals or humans. This concept is important in understanding the transmission dynamics and host range of various pathogens, as well as in developing targeted therapies and vaccines.

"REPTILES Magazine Acquired by I-5 Publishing" (PDF). Reptile Channel. Retrieved 19 December 2016.[dead link] "Reptiles Magazine ... Reptiles magazine is a North American magazine devoted to the reptile and amphibian pet hobby, specializing in the keeping and ... Respected reptile experts and breeders in the industry have written for the magazine. Usually a reptile or amphibian species is ... Reptiles articles are drafted for a broad range of reptile enthusiasts, from the novice hobbyist to the veteran ...
The first Elgin Reptile was discovered in 1844, but because it was only a few scales scientists of the time believed it was an ... Elgin Reptiles is the name given to the Permian and Triassic fossils found in the sandstone deposits in and around the town of ... Some marine reptiles have been found in a glacial erratic of Jurassic strata. Most of the sandstones are wind-blown desert dune ... The Elgin Reptiles, footprints, and older fish fossils held by the Elgin Museum are "recognised" by the Scottish Government as ...
The Botafogo Reptiles is a Beach American football team based in Botafogo Beach, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Formed in 1999 by a ... In 2008, the Reptiles became the champion again defeating the America Redlions by 10-0 and bringing the trophy back to Botafogo ... In 2007, the Reptiles went through a period of restructuring, with the departure of several experienced players. Still, the ... In the last eight state championships, the Reptiles reached all finals and became a 5-time champion in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, ...
The Suburban Reptiles were one of the first two punk bands to form in New Zealand, the other being the Scavengers. The Suburban ... The Suburban Reptiles had thought they were the only 'punks' in Auckland, until earlier that evening, when they went to the ... Brett Salter It was too late for the Suburban Reptiles however and, at the premiere of Angel Mine in October 1978, two bands ... Official Page AudioCulture profile NZ Music link MusicMatch Guide Suburban Reptiles discography at Discogs (Use dmy dates from ...
... may refer to: The Mesozoic era, a time in geologic history Age of Reptiles (comics) Age of Reptiles (album), an ... a large natural history mural This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Age of Reptiles. If an internal ... album by Showbread The Age of Reptiles, ...
Human uses of reptiles Reptile centres Reptile organizations List of least concern reptiles List of data deficient reptiles ... of vulnerable reptiles List of endangered reptiles List of critically endangered reptiles Reptile centre Alice Springs Reptile ... Reptile Zoo Komodo Indonesian Fauna Museum and Reptile Park Melaka Butterfly and Reptile Sanctuary Reptile Gardens Reptile ... Reptile egg fossil 2014 in reptile paleontology 2015 in reptile paleontology 2017 in reptile paleontology 2018 in reptile ...
... gharials Reptile List of regional reptiles lists List of birds List of snakes Herping Reptiles portal Reptile Database ( ... The following list of reptiles lists the vertebrate class of reptiles by family, spanning two subclasses. Reptile here is taken ... Reptiles are tetrapod animals in the class Reptilia, comprising today's turtles, crocodilians, snakes, amphisbaenians, lizards ... The study of these traditional reptile orders, historically combined with that of modern amphibians, is called herpetology. ...
Though few reptiles today are apex predators, many examples of apex reptiles have existed in the past. Reptiles have an ... Reptiles arose about 320 million years ago during the Carboniferous period. Reptiles, in the traditional sense of the term, are ... The end of the "Age of Reptiles" led to the "Age of Mammals". Despite the change in phrasing, reptile diversification continued ... the basic foundation of reptiles were founded. The evolution of lungs and legs are the main transitional steps towards reptiles ...
Reptiles depicts a desk upon which is a two dimensional drawing of a tessellated pattern of reptiles and hexagons, Escher's ... with the final one based on Reptiles. "Reptiles in Wartime". Escher in het Paleis. 3 March 2018. Locher 1971, pp. 8, 15, 18, cf ... Reptiles is a lithograph print by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher first printed in March 1943. It touches on the theme found in ... The reptiles at one edge of the drawing emerge into three dimensional reality, come to life and appear to crawl over a series ...
Dorge, Ray (1996). "A Tour of the Grand Cayman Blue Iguana Captive-Breeding Facility". Reptiles: Guide to Keeping Reptiles and ... This list of largest reptiles takes into consideration both body length and mass of large reptile species, including average ... The saltwater crocodile is considered to be the largest extant reptile, verified at up to 6.32 m (20.7 ft) in length and around ... This massive animal, from the Norian stage in what is now British Columbia, is considered the largest marine reptile so far ...
... of least concern reptiles List of near threatened reptiles List of vulnerable reptiles List of critically endangered reptiles ... Of all evaluated reptile species, 7.4% are listed as endangered. The IUCN also lists nine reptile subspecies as endangered. Of ... There are 578 reptile species which are endangered or critically endangered. Additionally 910 reptile species (18% of those ... List of recently extinct reptiles List of data deficient reptiles "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of ...
New Zealand Herpetological Society New Zealand reptiles and frogs, Department of Conservation (Reptiles of New Zealand). ... The extant (living) reptiles of New Zealand consist of numerous species of terrestrial lizards and the lizard-like tuatara, and ... Fauna of New Zealand List of geckos of New Zealand Conservation Status of New Zealand Reptiles, 2021 (PDF). New Zealand Threat ... Long-extinct taxa include numerous dinosaurs and other Mesozoic reptiles that are known from fossils found in New Zealand. ...
... have for centuries included both symbolic and practical interactions. Symbolic uses of reptiles include ... "Amphibian and Reptile Conservation". ARC Trust. Retrieved 6 October 2018. "Amphibian & Reptile Conservation". Amphibian & ... Comic book characters themed around reptiles are often villains. Folklore about reptiles, too, is correlated with negative ... Several non-profit organizations around the world focus on reptile conservation, including the International Reptile ...
... is a 110-foot (34 m) mural depicting the period of ancient history when reptiles were the dominant ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Age of Reptiles. Age of Reptiles at the Yale Peabody Museum (Articles with short ... The Age of Reptiles was at one time the largest painting in the world, and depicts a span of nearly 350 million years in ... The Age of Reptiles won Zallinger several awards. Zallinger was awarded with a Pulitzer Fellowship in Art in 1949, and the ...
"Age of Reptiles" Review". "Review: Age of Reptiles - Showbread , Cross Rhythms". Showbread's Band Journal Archived 2006-10-24 ... Age of Reptiles is an album by the band Showbread. It was released on August 1, 2006. It sold over 4,000 copies in its first ... "4:24 "Age of Reptiles" 10:36 The song "Age of Reptiles" ends at minute 6:38. After 10 seconds of waning sound, begins at 6:48 ... ", "Centipede Sisters", and "Dinosaur Bones." Age of Reptiles at AllMusic "Showbread, " ...
... of least concern reptiles List of near threatened reptiles List of endangered reptiles List of critically endangered reptiles ... Of all evaluated reptile species, 8.0% are listed as vulnerable. The IUCN also lists ten reptile subspecies as vulnerable. No ... See: List of endangered reptiles, List of critically endangered reptiles. Vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered ... Additionally 910 reptile species (18% of those evaluated) are listed as data deficient, meaning there is insufficient ...
Following is a list of marine reptiles, reptiles which are adapted to life in marine or brackish environments. The following ... From the Permian to the present day there have been numerous groups of extinct reptiles that adapted to life in the marine ... marine reptiles are species which are currently extant or recently extinct. Crocodylus Crocodylus acutus (American crocodile) ... brevis Nectosaurus halius Paralonectes merriami Thalattosaurus alexandrae Thalattosaurus borealis Xinpusaurus suni Reptiles ...
Age of Reptiles TPB Age of Reptiles The Hunt Age of Reptiles Omnibus (Wikipedia articles with plot summary needing attention ... Age of Reptiles is a series of comics written by Ricardo Delgado published by Dark Horse Comics. The series originally ... Tribal Warfare, The Hunt, and The Journey have been collected in Age of Reptiles Omnibus, Volume 1.[citation needed] The Hunt ... A large group of the ever-present small scavenging reptiles attack Spinosaurus at him and the female Spinosaurus's nest; ...
This list of fictional reptiles is subsidiary to the list of fictional animals and is a collection of various notable reptilian ... It is limited to well-referenced examples of reptiles in literature, film, television, comics, animation, video games and ...
List of reptiles Lists of reptiles by region Reptile Database Reptiles portal Colbert, Edwin H. (1969). Evolution of the ... Reptiles tend to avoid confrontation through camouflage. Two major groups of reptile predators are birds and other reptiles, ... about 12,000 living species of reptiles are listed in the Reptile Database. The study of the traditional reptile orders, ... In all reptiles the urinogenital ducts and the anus both empty into an organ called a cloaca. In some reptiles, a midventral ...
State of Colorado Colorado Department of Natural Resources Colorado Parks and Wildlife CPW Quick Key to Amphibians and Reptiles ... Lists of reptiles of the United States). ...
Reptiles of Pakistan, Lists of biota of Pakistan, Lists of reptiles by country, Lists of reptiles of Asia). ... There are around 170 species of reptiles living in Pakistan. There are only two species found in Pakistan. Family Crocodylidae ... Wildlife of Pakistan - Biodiversity Wildlife of Pakistan - List of Reptiles Snakes of Pakistan with names and descriptions (in ... national reptile Family Gavialidae (gharials) - 1 species Gavialis gangeticus (Indian gavial or gharial) Around 153 species of ...
"Bothrops marmoratus". The Reptile Database. "Bothrops otavioi". The Reptile Database. "Bothrops sazimai". The Reptile Database ... Lists of reptiles by country, Lists of fauna of Brazil, Reptiles of Brazil, Lists of reptiles of South America). ... The Reptile Database. "Micrurus tikuna". The Reptile Database. "Micrurus mipartitus". The Reptile Database. "Bothrocophias ... T.C.S. Avila-Pires, Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Until now (November 2011) there are 732 recognized reptile species ...
Lists of reptiles of Europe, Lists of reptiles by country, Lists of biota of Turkey, Lists of reptiles of Asia, Reptiles of ... This is a list of the reptiles of Turkey. There are 136 species of reptiles in Turkey. Family: Blanidae Genus: Blanus ... Reptile Database. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Use dmy dates from April 2022 ...
List of least concern reptiles List of near threatened reptiles List of vulnerable reptiles List of endangered reptiles List of ... critically endangered reptiles List of data deficient reptiles "IUCN Red List version 2016-2". The IUCN Red List of Threatened ... and two extinct in the wild species of reptile. Extinct species Pinta giant tortoise (Chelonoidis abingdonii) Galápagos ...
Fifteen species of reptiles are native within the U.S. state of Arkansas, in the south-central United States. Twelve species of ... Lists of fauna of Arkansas Lists of reptiles of the United States (Articles with short description, Short description is ... Lists of reptiles of the United States). ...
Lists of reptiles by country, Lists of reptiles of Europe, Lists of biota of Italy). ... The Italian reptile fauna totals 58 species (including introduced and naturalised species). They are listed here in three ...
"Reptiles - Red-eared slider". herpterkep.mme.hu. Retrieved 2022-09-08. (Articles with short description, Short description is ... This is a list of reptiles of Hungary. There is a total of 19 native and introduced species. Anguis colchica - eastern slowworm ... different from Wikidata, Fauna of Hungary, Lists of reptiles by country, Lists of reptiles of Europe, Lists of biota of Hungary ...
The state of Wisconsin is home to thirty-six species of reptiles. These include snakes, lizards, and turtles. Twenty-one ... Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Lists of reptiles of the United States, Lists of ...
Lists of reptiles by country, Reptiles of the Middle East, Lists of reptiles of Asia, Lists of biota of Jordan, Reptiles of ... "Search results". Reptile Database. Retrieved 24 January 2019. "Search results". Reptile Database. Retrieved 24 January 2019. ( ... Jordan has about 115 species of reptiles, most of them are snakes and lizards, but there are some turtles. No crocodiles are ...
The first Elgin Reptile was discovered in 1844, but because it was only a few scales scientists of the time believed it was an ... Elgin Reptiles is the name given to the Permian and Triassic fossils found in the sandstone deposits in and around the town of ... Some marine reptiles have been found in a glacial erratic of Jurassic strata. Most of the sandstones are wind-blown desert dune ... The Elgin Reptiles, footprints, and older fish fossils held by the Elgin Museum are "recognised" by the Scottish Government as ...
They argue: Reptiles, birds and mammals have all evolved from a common amniotic ancestor, and as such they are likely to share ... tags: Life, Discovery Channel, Reptiles and Amphibians, Komodo Dragons Hunt Buffalo, animals, mammals, birds, BBC, television, ... Social Cognition in a Non-Social Reptile? Gaze-Following in Red-Footed Tortoises. ...
... they are actually reptiles! Keep reading to learn more about reptiles and turtles. ... Are Turtles Reptiles?. Turtles can live on land and in the water. Turtles are reptiles and not amphibians as many people think ... Characteristics of Reptiles Reptiles are tetrapod meaning they walk on four limbs or are descendants of animals that walked on ... The main difference between the young ones born by mammals and reptiles is the lack of the placenta among reptiles. All ...
... after the extinction of all the large predatory marine reptiles? A study has looked into the possible convergences in ... Did primitive cetaceans feed like marine reptiles?. Date:. September 2, 2022. Source:. University of Liege. Summary:. Did the ... "Did primitive cetaceans feed like marine reptiles?." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com. /. releases. /. 2022. /. 09. /. ... 9, 2023 Mosasaurs, those large marine reptiles from the long-gone Cretaceous world, were quite picky in their choice of diet. ...
... A technical ... Amphibian and reptile populations inhabiting remain forest fragments are likely to be affected by the loss of suitable ... Amphibians, Biodiversity, Conservation, Deforestation, Environment, Fragmentation, Frogs, Green, Herps, Rainforests, Reptiles, ... Towards the interior of the forest the number of species of reptiles with larger size and arboreal habitats increased, as did ...
We live, work and play right here in the Tennessee Valley. We are your neighbors. We celebrate community and we tell your stories. We are the most trusted source for local news. ...
More than a third of reptile species are bought and sold online in often-unregulated international trade, researchers said ... "Combined with the ease of keeping most reptiles there is the cool angle, which is why there is a real pursuit of novelty, ... But unlike most other pets, the study found that 90% of traded reptile species and half of traded individuals are captured from ... Thomas said that the situation was not confined to reptiles, adding the discovery locations of at least two new slipper orchids ...
... see high levels of regionally distinct endemism among their respective reptiles. ... Other Native Reptiles of the Philipines Other reptiles found living in the Philippines include the Sailfin Lizard, ... Native Reptiles Of The Philippines. Native Reptiles of the Philippines. Scientific Name. ... Native Reptiles Of The Philippines. A Philippine Crocodile.. The Republic of the Philippines is located in the western Pacific ...
... use the word bank to label the reptiles and amphibians in German. ... Label the Reptiles and Amphibians in German AnimalsGermanLabel- ... In this printable worksheet, use the word bank to label the reptiles and amphibians in German. ...
REPTILES EVERYWHERE. by Camilla de la Bédoyère ; illustrated by Britta Teckentrup ‧ RELEASE DATE: April 13, 2021 ... She opens with a look at reptilian types and anatomy, then surveys both modern and extinct species, then introduces reptiles ... interrogates our various interactions with reptiles, from fashion and science to conservation efforts. Using what looks like a ...
Perhaps the most famous reptiles are those that no longer live on Earth. We call them dinosaurs. The word dinosaur comes from ... Evolution didnt make Seismosaurus, Argentinosaurus, or any other reptiles from the past or present; God did! We can be sure ... Certain dinosaurs were the longest and largest reptiles ever to roam the Earth. Apatosaurus, more popularly known as ... man has referred to certain extinct reptiles (known from the fossil record and history) as dinosaurs. ...
Guides to using behavioral criteria to assess reptile psychological well being ... The Emotional Lives of Reptiles: Stress and Welfare Guides to using behavioral criteria to assess reptile psychological well ... Reptiles are an evolutionary old and diverse class of vertebrates (see also) who are used in different sorts of research, some ... Various reptiles show complex parental behavior and also have been observed to play. Gordon Burghardt (see also), who works out ...
Prehistoric reptile pregnant with octuplets. Date:. April 5, 2018. Source:. University of Manchester. Summary:. ... "Prehistoric reptile pregnant with octuplets." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com. /. releases. /. 2018. /. 04. /. 180405093238. ... Ichthyosaurs were aquatic reptiles that dominated the Jurassic seas. They gave birth to live young, rather than laying eggs, ... "Prehistoric reptile pregnant with octuplets." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 5 April 2018. ,www.sciencedaily.com. /. releases. /. ...
Reptiles. Rare, White Alligator Born at Florida Wildlife Park. The baby gator, which doesnt have a name yet, was born with ... These Grinning Triassic Reptiles Likely Died of Starvation. Sheep-sized rhynchosaurs had an unusual way of chewing plants ... The reptiles may be aware that primate infants are in trouble-and an easy meal ... 200-Million-Year-Old Poop Reveals Parasites That Infected a Crocodile-Like Reptile. The prehistoric fossil could help ...
Most reptiles lay eggs and are called oviparous. The act of laying eggs is called oviposition. Some reptiles bear live young ... Reptiles are increasing in popularity as pets and with this interest comes a demand for healthy, domestically bred reptiles and ... Other reptile owners are doing such a good job of caring for their pets that the herps are growing and reaching sexual maturity ... Below is a list of some of the more common species of reptiles and the method of reproduction they employ:. Egg Layers. *All ...
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Check out the reptiles and amphibians of today while looking out over prehistoric reptiles that existed millions of years ago. ... Though Pennsylvania has a temperate climate, it is home to representatives of most reptile and amphibian groups. Four dioramas ... Learn about the Amphibians & Reptiles (Herpetology) Collection at the Museum. The Section of Herpetology maintains a collection ... of more than 230,000 specimens and ranks at about the ninth largest amphibian and reptile collection in the United States. ...
Download Free Graphic Resources for Free Reptiles. 99,000+ Vectors, Stock Photos & PSD files. ✓ Free for commercial use ✓ High ...
... causes the affected reptiles to twist their heads and necks and look upwards towards the sky. ... Stargazing describes an unusual body position that is seen in some reptiles, especially snakes, which suffer from a disease or ... However, if a reptiles condition fails to improve despite appropriate therapy, or if its quality of life is poor, euthanasia ... Stargazing describes an unusual body position that is seen in some reptiles, especially snakes, which suffer from a disease or ...
Online shopping for Arcadia Reptile products. Same-day order processing and shipping. Compare our prices. ...
Before you get a reptile, there are some things you should know, and steps you can take to prepare for your new pet. ... Considerations for Getting a Pet Reptile. Are reptiles legal to keep as a pet? In most places, reptiles are legal. However, ... Since reptiles carry diseases that can infect humans, your pet should be kept confined in an appropriate cage or room. Reptiles ... Reptile accommodations. Reptiles are cold-blooded, and so they require a heat source, like a UV light, to regulate body ...
... and other reptiles at PetSmart. We have everything you need to keep your pets habitat tidy. ... We sell reptile food, reptile habitats, substrate, habitat accessories, habitat lighting and heating, water conditioners, ... We also carry other products to help keep your reptile habitat clean like: Habitat Sanitizers. Habitat Deodorizers. Reptile ... Waste removal is an important part of caring for your reptile, and pet parents need the right reptile cleaning supplies to get ...
This is not true of mammal-like reptiles, as noted earlier. Can it be said, in the context of mammal-like reptiles, that a less ... relative evolutionary relatedness of mammal-like reptiles, lineages of mammal-like reptiles or ancestor-descendant ... Mammal-like reptiles: major trait reversals and discontinuities. by John Woodmorappe Summary. Evolutionists repeatedly claim ... Indeed, it was a fossil found in the Karoo in 1838-the skull of a mammal-like reptile with two large tusk-like teeth in its ...
Reptiles and Amphibians Names Japan Islands China Snake Rodents Chinese Language The Color Black Japanese Language Green Other ...
During brumation, reptiles dont fall into total slumber but still have periods of activity. Though they do not eat, they ... what about reptiles?. Alligator in the wild. For example, lets talk about the toothsome apex predator of the saltmarsh: the ...
Adenovirus is an infection in reptiles that is of particular concern to owners of bearded dragons. Learn the symptoms and ... so any reptile that is suspected to have the infection must be completely isolated from other reptiles for 90 days to prevent ... Other reptiles, including some snake and lizard species, can also be infected, but young bearded dragons are the most ... A reptiles history, physical exam, and clinical signs may all point to an adenovirus infection, but currently, a definitive ...
This resource includes full life histories and profiles of 24 types of reptiles including alligators, crocodiles, chameleons, ... Reptiles and Amphibians Profiles. This resource includes full life histories and profiles of 24 types of reptiles including ...
Some species of reptiles are particularly common and easy to look for. If you live in the central or eastern United States, ... Different reptiles are active at different times: Some snakes and many lizards prefer a hot and sunny day good for basking. ... The main thing to recognize, though, is that keeping an eye out for reptiles will open up a whole new area of the natural world ... If you want to begin looking for reptiles, there are a few different ways to go about it, some of which require more effort ...
... beauty and unique adaptations of more than 70 reptiles and amphibians. ... Reptile Discovery Center. The Reptile Discovery Center celebrates the diversity, beauty and unique adaptations of more than 70 ... Great Apes is located uphill from the Reptile Discovery Center; Think Tank is located downhill from Reptile Discovery Center; ... Reptile Discovery Center is home to one male crocodile monitor. He is currently on exhibit behind the building, next to the ...
Choose from live crickets, mealworms, frozen mice & more for your pet lizard, snake, frog and other reptiles. ... Need other reptile supplies while youre here? We also carry reptile food storage, reptile feeding accessories, reptile feeders ... Every reptile parent wants to make sure they are feeding their pet the very best reptile food possible so that they can thrive ... Whether you have a leopard gecko, a bearded dragon, a turtle, a snake, or another reptile, you can find the best reptile food ...
  • The Reptile Zoo is just a hop, skip, and jump west of the Wayside Chapel , on the edge of Monroe, Washington . (atlasobscura.com)
  • Are Turtles Reptiles? (worldatlas.com)
  • Turtles are reptiles and not amphibians as many people think. (worldatlas.com)
  • Turtles and tortoises are both reptiles, they have near similar physical appearance, but turtles can live on land and in water. (worldatlas.com)
  • Turtles are among the most primitive and oldest reptiles on the planet having evolved over millions of years. (worldatlas.com)
  • In this paper author and tropical biologist Adrian Barnett writes about the fascinating parental behavior of Amazon river turtles and other reptiles and how what we're learning needs to be factored into conservation efforts. (psychologytoday.com)
  • Many reptiles, like turtles, enjoy a habitat with water. (webmd.com)
  • The reptiles were discovered in June, in the luggage of a 22-year-old man, and included 43 Philippine Forest Turtles, 46 Southeast Asian Box Turtles, 19 Mindanao Water Monitor Lizards and one Reticulated Python. (traffic.org)
  • In the earlier case, he was caught with 60 reptiles from the Philippines including 20 Philippine Forest Turtles, and was fined HK$8,000 (USD1,030). (traffic.org)
  • Turtles are among the reptiles that have spent the most years in the world. (mascotaplanet.com)
  • During 1994-1995, health departments in 13 states reported to CDC persons infected with unusual Salmonella serotypes in which the patients had direct or indirect contact with reptiles (i.e., lizards, snakes, or turtles). (cdc.gov)
  • Dozens of outbreaks, especially involving young children, have been linked to contact with small turtles, as well as other reptiles and amphibians. (cdc.gov)
  • The number of people getting Salmonella from reptiles would likely be higher without the ban on the sale of small turtles that has been in place for so many years. (cdc.gov)
  • Take turtles, for example-some species of this reptile can live for over 150 years! (medlineplus.gov)
  • They argue: Reptiles, birds and mammals have all evolved from a common amniotic ancestor, and as such they are likely to share both behavioural and morphological traits. (scienceblogs.com)
  • They have a backbone just like all animals in the phylum Chor data.In evolution terms, reptiles are the intermediates between the warm-blooded mammals and the cold-blooded amphibians. (worldatlas.com)
  • The main difference between the young ones born by mammals and reptiles is the lack of the placenta among reptiles. (worldatlas.com)
  • Evolutionists repeatedly claim that their assembled chain of mammal-like reptiles shows a step-by-step morphological progression to mammals. (creation.com)
  • These sobering facts demonstrate that, however the supposed evolutionary 'lineage' of mammal-like reptiles towards mammals is interpreted, it is divorced from reality. (creation.com)
  • The so-called mammal-like reptiles are believed by evolutionists to be the ancestors of the mammals and to have become more mammal-like with the passage of time. (creation.com)
  • Accordingly, this work evaluates the claim that mammal-like reptiles, as arranged in succession by evolutionists (from pelycosaurs to mammals), show an essentially unbroken chain of progressively more mammal-like fossils. (creation.com)
  • While we all know hibernation is an adaptation technique among warm-blooded mammals, what about reptiles? (scaquarium.org)
  • Learn about the park's abundant and diverse species-67 mammals, 330 birds, 16 fish, 5 amphibians, and 6 reptiles. (nps.gov)
  • Terrestrial animals such as reptiles and mammals predominantly use DPHK sequences in both IRF3 and 7. (cdc.gov)
  • While most research on aging variation in animals has focused on birds and mammals, this team examined 77 different species of reptiles and amphibians in the wild. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Stargazing describes an unusual body position that is seen in some reptiles, especially snakes, which suffer from a disease or injury that inhibits the normal function of the central nervous system (i.e., the brain and spinal cord). (petmd.com)
  • He owned corn snakes and, until shortly before onset of illness, had worked at a pet store where he handled reptiles frequently. (cdc.gov)
  • Sea snakes, venomous elapid snakes that inhabit marine environments, are the most abundant and widely dispersed group of poisonous reptiles in the world. (medscape.com)
  • In many of those cases, the same serotype of Salmonella was isolated from patients and from reptiles with which they had had contact or a common contact. (cdc.gov)
  • However, reptiles continue to be an cause of human Salmonella infections in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • More information about Salmonella from reptiles and the steps people can take to reduce their risk of infection is available . (cdc.gov)
  • Contact with reptiles can be a source of human Salmonella infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Reptiles can be carrying Salmonella bacteria but appear healthy and clean and show no signs of illness. (cdc.gov)
  • This should include information about the risk of acquiring a Salmonella infection from reptiles and instructions for proper cleaning of the reptile habitat. (cdc.gov)
  • Reptiles are reservoirs of a wide variety of Salmonella serotypes, including all S almonella enterica subspecies and S . bongori . (cdc.gov)
  • Salmonella strains are well adapted to reptiles, and they usually cause asymptomatic infections in such animals, while retaining pathogenicity for warm-blooded animals. (cdc.gov)
  • In Europe, studies on free-living and captive reptiles have shown a high prevalence of Salmonella spp ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Reptiles carry a type of bacteria called salmonella. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you own a reptile, wear gloves when handling the animal or its feces because salmonella is easily passed from animal to human. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Salmonella germs can be found in the droppings of reptiles and amphibians, even if the animals appear healthy and clean. (cdc.gov)
  • Towards the pasture the number of species of amphibians and reptiles with terrestrial habitats increased, as did the amphibians with reproductive mode of eggs and larvae in water. (mongabay.com)
  • Determining the distribution of amphibians and reptiles across the pasture, forest edge and forest interior gradient and their relationship with microhabitat will allow for the creation of robust tools for conservation and management of the herpetofauna in highly fragmented tropical landscapes. (mongabay.com)
  • You can find the East Texas Herpetology Club president every Saturday morning at the Angelina County farmers market, providing information about amphibians and reptiles. (ktre.com)
  • Poisonous amphibians and reptiles : recognition, and bite treatment / by Floyd Boys and Hobart M. Smith. (who.int)
  • Reptiles are amniotes, meaning that the females lay eggs although a few such as the squamate lizards give birth to young ones. (worldatlas.com)
  • Reptiles are increasing in popularity as pets and with this interest comes a demand for healthy, domestically bred reptiles and amphibians. (petplace.com)
  • Scales are not limited to reptiles as fish and birds possess them too. (worldatlas.com)
  • Like birds, reptiles are fascinating to observe in the wild: colorful, alert, behaviorally complex, and compelling both in their stillness and bursts of activity. (audubon.org)
  • Since 1842, when a scientist named Richard Owen invented the term, man has referred to certain extinct reptiles (known from the fossil record and history) as dinosaurs. (apologeticspress.org)
  • Pressures such as the deadly chytrid fungus , illegal trade, habitat loss and climate change have led to predictions that a large proportion of all reptile and amphibian species could go extinct over the next century. (zsl.org)
  • Amphibian and reptile populations inhabiting remain forest fragments are likely to be affected by the loss of suitable microhabitats (e.g. reproduction, forage and refugee) due to factors such as edge effects. (mongabay.com)
  • I found that amphibian and reptile composition were different in pasture than in forest edge and interior. (mongabay.com)
  • during dry season the combination of distance to streams, temperature, leaf litter depth and leaf litter cover best explained amphibian and reptile pattern (Picture 8). (mongabay.com)
  • The Section of Herpetology maintains a collection of more than 230,000 specimens and ranks at about the ninth largest amphibian and reptile collection in the United States. (carnegiemnh.org)
  • Nov. 9, 2023 Mosasaurs, those large marine reptiles from the long-gone Cretaceous world, were quite picky in their choice of diet. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Check out the reptiles and amphibians of today while looking out over prehistoric reptiles that existed millions of years ago. (carnegiemnh.org)
  • Reptiles are cold-blooded, their body temperature depends on the temperature of the environment they are. (worldatlas.com)
  • Reptiles are cold-blooded, and so they require a heat source, like a UV light, to regulate body temperature. (webmd.com)
  • Cold-blooded animals such as reptiles and amphibians have some of the longest lifespans for their size. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If so, you've had a brush with field herpetology, or the pursuit of reptiles and amphibians, colloquially known as "herping. (audubon.org)
  • The East Texas Herpetology Club focuses on educating the public about the proper care and awareness of reptiles. (ktre.com)
  • Aug. 10, 2021 A global catastrophe 66 million years ago led to the extinction of all non-avian dinosaurs, and large marine reptiles like mosasaurs and plesiosaurs. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Data distribution reveals that these large marine reptiles were able to maintain a constant and high body temperature in oceanic environments ranging from tropical to cold temperate. (helsinki.fi)
  • Terrestrial gartersnakes are the most common reptile in Yellowstone. (nps.gov)
  • We report on dental and mandibular pathology in Labidosaurus hamatus, a 275 million-year-old terrestrial reptile from North America and associate it with bacterial infection in an organism that is characterized by reduced tooth replacement. (helsinki.fi)
  • Health care providers should question patients about pet and animal ownership and should provide education about the risks of acquiring salmonellosis from reptiles. (cdc.gov)
  • Veterinarians should provide education to reptile owners about the risks of acquiring salmonellosis from these animals. (cdc.gov)
  • For several years, reptiles have been recognized as a source of human salmonellosis. (cdc.gov)
  • S . Paratyphi B dT+, also known as S. enterica serovar Java, has been isolated in reptiles and tropical fish and has been associated with epidemics of human salmonellosis acquired from food, such as goat milk or chicken ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The evidence shows that salmonellosis by S . Paratyphi B dT+ apparently occurs more frequently in adults ( 10 ), while so-called exotic reptile strains seem to be more prone to causing salmonellosis in children ( 7 , 8 ), which has led to the proposition that S . Paratyphi B dT+ strains may be highly pathogenic. (cdc.gov)
  • The market primarily caters to buyers in Europe and North America -- the British Federation for Herpetologists has reported that there are more pet reptiles than dogs in Britain. (bangkokpost.com)
  • Towards the interior of the forest the number of species of reptiles with larger size and arboreal habitats increased, as did the amphibians with direct embryo development and with fosorial and arboreal habitats. (mongabay.com)
  • Proteins obtained from species of REPTILES. (bvsalud.org)
  • Use soap or a disinfectant to thoroughly clean any surfaces that have been in contact with reptiles. (cdc.gov)
  • Persons who think they might have become ill from contact with reptiles should consult their health care providers. (cdc.gov)
  • Elgin Reptiles is the name given to the Permian and Triassic fossils found in the sandstone deposits in and around the town of Elgin, in Moray, Scotland. (wikipedia.org)
  • The quarries were where the first reptile fossils were found, and they have continued to yield fossils to this day. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Elgin Reptiles, footprints, and older fish fossils held by the Elgin Museum are "recognised" by the Scottish Government as a Collection of National Significance due to the major part played by the Museum's founders and associated geologists in helping answer questions about geological succession that challenged 19th century naturalists. (wikipedia.org)
  • Many of the Elgin Reptile fossils contain no actual bone: they are often voids in the sandstone that used to contain bone, but are now virtually empty. (wikipedia.org)
  • The reptiles of Cutties Hillock, Quarrywood and the Hopeman Sandstones are Late Permian, around 250 million years old, while most other reptile fossils are found in the early Triassic rocks of Lossiemouth, Spynie and Findrassie, and are about 220 million years old. (wikipedia.org)
  • In Southern China, researchers discovered fossils of a reptile that features a 'hammerhead' snout - a very wide, somewhat comical jaw that extends beyond the diameter of its own head. (slashgear.com)
  • The fossils are 242 million years old, and they belong to a creature dubbed Atopodentatus unicus , a reptile that would feed on algae and lived in the sea. (slashgear.com)
  • This isn't the only reptile species uncovered thanks to some fossils - check out the timeline below for a similar story! (slashgear.com)
  • Did the first ancestors of whales pick up where the mosasaurs left off 66 million years ago, after the extinction of all the large predatory marine reptiles? (sciencedaily.com)
  • He said examples include the Roti Island Snake-necked Turtle, "decimated in the wild after its discovery", or Borneo's Earless Monitor-lizard, which began appearing for sale online in specialist reptile keeper groups shortly after its rediscovery. (bangkokpost.com)
  • Other reptiles, including some snake and lizard species, can also be infected, but young bearded dragons are the most susceptible. (petmd.com)
  • PetSmart carries the reptile waste removing supplies you need to keep your pet's habitat clean and fresh. (petsmart.com)
  • Veterinarians should provide education to reptile owners on how to properly clean the animal habitat. (cdc.gov)
  • Ichthyosaurs were aquatic reptiles that dominated the Jurassic seas. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Airborne toxins from chemical cleaners can cause damage to your pet's lungs and should only be used when your reptile is safely put away. (webmd.com)
  • They were carnivores, feeding upon other reptiles, fish, and marine invertebrates such as the squid-like belemnites. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Rodents, reptiles, amphibians, and poultry are not recommended if you live with children under 5 years of age, adults over 65 years of age, or anyone who is immunocompromised. (medscape.com)
  • Because rodents, reptiles, amphibians, and poultry are more likely than other animals to spread germs, don't kiss, snuggle, or hold these animals close to your face. (medscape.com)
  • Do not keep reptiles in child care centers , nursery schools, or other facilities with children younger than 5 years old. (cdc.gov)
  • For specific information, please consult your herp veterinarian if you're unsure about the sex of your reptile. (petplace.com)
  • If you're unsure of the specific needs for your particular breed of reptile, contact a local veterinarian specializing in exotic animals/reptiles to learn more. (webmd.com)
  • Seek out a veterinarian who specializes in the care of reptiles . (webmd.com)
  • The Elgin Reptiles come from the Permian and Triassic rocks. (wikipedia.org)
  • University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine: "Simple things your reptile may be missing. (webmd.com)
  • The ARAV advances programs for preventative medicine, husbandry, and scientific research in the field of veterinary medicine dealing with reptiles and amphibians. (kingsnake.com)
  • Also, the ARAV distributes scientific information relating to the field of husbandry, veterinary medicine and surgery of reptiles and amphibians through the Journal of Herpetological Medicine and Surgery, the official publication of the Association, and the Annual Conference of the Association. (kingsnake.com)
  • Aside from its mouth, the reptile looks somewhat like a crocodile. (slashgear.com)
  • Certain dinosaurs were the longest and largest reptiles ever to roam the Earth. (apologeticspress.org)
  • New reptile shows dinosaurs and pterosaurs evolved among diverse precursors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Reptiles are an evolutionary old and diverse class of vertebrates (see also ) who are used in different sorts of research, some of which can be harmful to their psychological well being. (psychologytoday.com)
  • These features are pieced together and cited as examples of evolutionary change towards reptiles that are increasingly mammal-like. (creation.com)
  • This claim is made despite the fact that evolutionists are usually not concerned with ancestor-descendant relationships, but rather the degree of presumed evolutionary relatedness between mammal-like reptiles. (creation.com)
  • In these early reptiles, the reduction in tooth replacement is an evolutionary innovation associated with strong implantation and increased oral processing. (helsinki.fi)
  • The thermophysiologic status of the great marine reptiles is still unknown, even though some studies have suggested that thermoregulation may have contributed to their exceptional evolutionary success as apex predators of Mesozoic aquatic ecosystems. (helsinki.fi)
  • While most reptiles are wild, many are kept as pets because of their reputation for being mysterious and exotic. (webmd.com)
  • Even though reptiles are exotic household pets, more and more people are choosing to keep them as pets. (mascotaplanet.com)
  • 1995. Amphibians & reptiles of Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks. (nps.gov)
  • Notably, since Sweden became a member of the European Union in 1995, and the import restriction rules for reptiles were removed, a marked increase in RAS was observed in that country ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Kingdom Animalia consists of animals, phylum Chordata includes vertebrates, and class Reptilia consists of all reptiles. (worldatlas.com)
  • Reptiles are tetrapod meaning they walk on four limbs or are descendants of animals that walked on four limbs. (worldatlas.com)
  • PARIS: More than a third of reptile species are bought and sold online in often-unregulated international trade, researchers said Tuesday, warning of the impact on wild populations of a pet market that puts a bounty on rare and newly discovered animals. (bangkokpost.com)
  • Gordon Burghardt (see also ), who works out of the University of Tennessee, and his colleagues have been among the leaders in research on the behavior and welfare of reptiles and his published papers and the references contained therein provide an ample database for those who want to know more about these fascinating and underrated animals. (psychologytoday.com)
  • I highly recommend this informative and timely essay not only for those people who are interested in reptiles but also for those who are interested in broader discussions of the emotional lives of animals. (psychologytoday.com)
  • Reptiles aren't always compatible with other animals. (webmd.com)
  • Reptiles are very intelligent, but they're wild animals and aren't easy to train. (webmd.com)
  • Unlike some of the Zoo's other animals, the inhabitants of the Reptile Discovery Center won't be found outside during the wintertime. (si.edu)
  • Reptile Discovery Center keepers provide the animals with enrichment - enclosures, socialization, objects, sounds, smells and other stimuli - to enhance their well-being and give them an outlet to demonstrate their species-typical behaviors. (si.edu)
  • Neil Vora] During outbreak investigations where disease detectives link illnesses with reptiles or amphibians, many of the sick people involved in the outbreaks say that they had no idea that these animals could carry germs that could make them sick. (cdc.gov)
  • Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds with soap and water right after touching reptiles or anything in the area where they live and roam, including after handling reptile food. (cdc.gov)
  • Do not let reptiles roam freely throughout the house. (cdc.gov)
  • Children younger than 5 years old, older adults, or people with weakened immune systems should not handle or touch reptiles, or anything in the area where they live and roam. (cdc.gov)
  • She added that previous research suggested whole wild populations of reptiles were harvested using details from scientific reports. (bangkokpost.com)
  • Households with pregnant women should not adopt a pet reptile because infants and young children are at higher risk for serious illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Here we report results from a phylogenetic comparative analysis of over 1000 species of squamate reptile, nearly 100 of which exhibit facultative forms of group living, including prolonged parent-offspring associations. (lu.se)
  • Clubs, Organizations, and Herp Societies provide an opportunity for the herpers to interact with with each other in a more formal setting and learn about things likes reptile laws, care and conservation. (kingsnake.com)
  • These insights can help inform conservation strategies for reptiles and amphibians in the wild, many of which are threatened or endangered. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some marine reptiles have been found in a glacial erratic of Jurassic strata. (wikipedia.org)
  • The study found that 90 percent of traded reptile species are captured from the wild. (bangkokpost.com)
  • But unlike most other pets, the study found that 90% of traded reptile species and half of traded individuals are captured from the wild. (bangkokpost.com)
  • The authors also searched some 25,000 web pages based on keywords in five languages and found that at least 36 percent of reptile species are being traded -- or 3,943 species. (bangkokpost.com)
  • In this article, we will look at some of the native reptiles found in the country. (worldatlas.com)
  • The highly-touted, alleged succession of mammal-like reptiles towards increasing 'mammalness' is not found at any one location on Earth. (creation.com)
  • The reptile was not small at about 9ft in length, and it would have been found in the more shallow parts of the sea. (slashgear.com)
  • The bullsnake (shown here) is one of six, and the largest, reptile species found in the park. (nps.gov)
  • Researchers began inventorying reptiles and amphibians in 2000. (nps.gov)
  • Because of this high risk of serious illness, the CDC, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians, as well as other organizations, have issued recommendations that reptiles and amphibians should not be kept in childcare facilities. (cdc.gov)
  • Whether you have a leopard gecko, a bearded dragon, a turtle, a snake, or another reptile, you can find the best reptile food for them at PetSmart. (petsmart.com)
  • The Jurassic rocks of Yorkshire have produced hundreds of ichthyosaur and other marine reptile skeletons, but have not, until now, yielded any reptilian embryos. (sciencedaily.com)
  • If you find that you are unable to provide proper care for your pet, contact a wildlife preserve to take over care of your reptile. (webmd.com)
  • After leaving Hong Kong, most of the reptiles will be held at the rescue centre of the Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau of the Department of the Environment and Natural Resources of the Philippines before being released back into the wild. (traffic.org)
  • Since reptiles carry diseases that can infect humans, your pet should be kept confined in an appropriate cage or room. (webmd.com)
  • Uninfected reptiles contract the virus when they ingest contaminated feces. (petmd.com)
  • Perhaps the most famous reptiles are those that no longer live on Earth. (apologeticspress.org)
  • Some reptiles bear live young and the term for this is viviparous. (petplace.com)
  • Your pet reptile doesn't want to live in a dirty environment. (webmd.com)
  • Try to spot the Cuban crocodiles, some of the most endangered reptiles in the world. (si.edu)
  • In this art, Reptile is going to a dangerous mission and enters a portal to a other world. (deviantart.com)
  • The Reptile Discovery Center celebrates the diversity, beauty and unique adaptations of more than 70 reptiles and amphibians. (si.edu)
  • If you want to know how reptiles reproduce, you should be clear that it varies a lot from one species to another, since the category of reptiles is very broad and biological success lies in diversity. (mascotaplanet.com)
  • The first Elgin Reptile was discovered in 1844, but because it was only a few scales scientists of the time believed it was an Old Red Sandstone fish fossil, which were relatively well-known from sites across Northern Scotland. (wikipedia.org)
  • Organizations such as the Chicago Herp Society amd East Texas Herp Society long served the community, providing the first "social network" for the reptile and amphibian community. (kingsnake.com)