Pupil Disorders
Tonic Pupil
A pupillary abnormality characterized by a poor pupillary light reaction, reduced accommodation, iris sector palsies, an enhanced pupillary response to near effort that results in a prolonged, "tonic" constriction, and slow pupillary redilation. This condition is associated with injury to the postganglionic parasympathetic innervation to the pupil. (From Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, pp492-500)
Reflex, Pupillary
Bipolar Disorder
Mental Disorders
Tropicamide
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Comparing pupil function with visual function in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. (1/82)
PURPOSE: To compare pupil function with visual function in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and age-matched normal control subjects. METHODS: Visual function was assessed by measuring the perceptual thresholds at five central locations in the visual field using automated static perimetry. Pupil function was assessed by recording the pupil responses to a standard intensity light stimulus (size equivalent to a Goldmann V target) presented at the same five locations in the visual field. The extent of the pupil afferent defect in LHON patients was quantified by establishing the relationship between stimulus intensity and the size of the pupil response in normal subjects and then interpolating the equivalent luminance deficit in LHON patients from the size of their pupil responses. RESULTS: At all five locations tested, the pupil responses were significantly reduced in amplitude, and the perceptual thresholds were significantly raised in LHON patients compared with normal control subjects. A nonparametric analysis of perceptual and pupil responses to perithreshold stimuli showed that a stimulus that was not perceived was three times more likely to be followed by a pupil response in a LHON patient than in a normal subject (P < 0.001). A quantitative comparison showed that the visual deficits exceeded the pupil deficits by on average 7.5 dB at all tested locations. CONCLUSIONS: Although both visual and pupil function are abnormal in LHON, there appears to be relative sparing of the pupil afferent fibers. (+info)Pupil abnormality in amyloidosis with autonomic neuropathy. (2/82)
Darkness pupil diameters, light reflexes, and redilatation times have been recorded with infrared TV pupillometry in 12 consecutive patients with systemic amyloidosis associated with sensory motor and autonomic neuropathy. Nine of the patients had AL amyloidosis, two had familial amyloidosis associated with a transthyretin abnormality, and one was untyped. The pupils were abnormal in all 12 patients. On the basis of redilatation lag without pupillotonia, six patients had bilateral Horner's syndrome and in one of them amyloid deposits were found in a sympathetic ganglion and in the attached sympathetic chain obtained at necropsy. Four patients had bilateral tonic pupils with light-near dissociation and two had abnormally small pupils with reduced light reactions which could not be characterised. It seems that in patients with systemic amyloidosis generalised autonomic neuropathy is strongly associated with pupil abnormality as shown by tonic reactions with light-near dissociation, by redilatation lag, or by reduced size in darkness. (+info)Orbital arteriovenous malformation mimicking cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous malformation. (3/82)
AIMS: Orbital arteriovenous malformations (OAVM) are rare, mostly described with high flow characteristics. Two cases are reported with an OAVM of distinct haemodynamic abnormality. The clinical, angiographic features, and the management considerations are discussed. METHODS: Case review of two patients with dural AVM (DAVM) who presented to referral neuro-ophthalmology and endovascular services because of clinical symptoms and signs consistent with a cavernous sinus dural AVM. RESULTS: In each patient, superselective angiography revealed a small slow flow intraorbital shunt supplied by the ophthalmic artery. The transarterial and transvenous endovascular approaches to treat the malformation were partially successful. Although, the abnormal flow was reduced, complete closure of the DAVM could not be accomplished without significant risk of iatrogenic injury. Neither patient's vision improved after intervention. CONCLUSION: A DAVM in the orbit can cause similar clinical symptoms and signs to those associated with a cavernous sinus DAVM. Even with high resolution magnetic resonance imaging, only superselective angiography can identify this small intraorbital slow flow shunt. The location in the orbital apex and the small size precludes a surgical option for treatment. The transarterial and transvenous embolisation options are limited. (+info)Multiple functional defects in peripheral autonomic organs in mice lacking muscarinic acetylcholine receptor gene for the M3 subtype. (4/82)
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors consist of five distinct subtypes and have been important targets for drug development. In the periphery, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors mediate cholinergic signals to autonomic organs, but specific physiological functions of each subtype remain poorly elucidated. Here, we have constructed and analyzed mutant mice lacking the M(3) receptor and have demonstrated that this subtype plays key roles in salivary secretion, pupillary constriction, and bladder detrusor contractions. However, M(3)-mediated signals in digestive and reproductive organs are dispensable, likely because of redundant mechanisms through other muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes or other mediators. In addition, we have found prominent urinary retention only in the male, which indicates a considerable sex difference in the micturition mechanism. Accordingly, this mutant mouse should provide a useful animal model for investigation of human diseases that are affected in the peripheral cholinergic functions. (+info)Fixed and dilated pupils after trauma, stroke, and previous intracranial surgery: management and outcome. (5/82)
OBJECTIVES: To clarify whether different causative events (trauma, stroke, intracranial surgery), time of intervention, and treatment mode influence outcome, patients with fixed and dilated pupils (FDPs) in a prospective neurosurgical series were evaluated. METHODS: Ninety nine consecutive patients who presented with or developed one or two FDPs, were split into three groups according to the respective aetiology: 46 patients had a trauma, 41 patients a stroke (subarachnoid or intracerebral haemorrhage), and 12 patients had undergone previous elective intracranial surgery. Appropriate therapy was performed depending on the CT findings. Outcome was classified according to the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS). RESULTS: Overall mortality was 75%. In 15% outcome was unfavourable (GOS 2 and 3), and in 10% favourable (GOS 4, 5) at 24 month follow up. No differences in outcome were found between trauma, stroke, and postelective surgery groups. Unilaterally FDP was associated with a better chance of survival (46% v 13%; p<0.01). Age did not correlate with survival, but younger survivors had a significantly better outcome. Patients in whom an intracranial mass was removed surgically had a 42% survival rate, compared with 8% with conservative treatment (p<0.01). Patients with a shorter delay from FDPs to intervention had a better chance of recovery after trauma and previous intracranial surgery (p<0.05). No patient survived better than a vegetative state, if previous FDPs did not become reactive shortly after therapy. If both pupils became reactive on therapy, the chance of survival was 62%. Of these survivors 42% had a favourable outcome. CONCLUSION: Bilateral restoration of pupillary reactivity shortly after therapy is crucial for survival. Surgical evacuation of an intracranial mass, unilateral FDPs, early intervention, and younger age are related to better chances of survival or recovery. The prognosis of patients with FDPs after trauma, stroke, and previous elective intracranial surgery is similar. (+info)Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in primary Sjogren's syndrome. (6/82)
BACKGROUND: Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (SS) has been reported, but its prevalence in neurologically asymptomatic patients is not well known. OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical and neurophysiological features of the peripheral nervous system in patients with primary SS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 39 (38 female) consecutive patients with primary SS, aged 20-81 years (mean 50), with a disease duration of 1-30 years (mean 8) were studied. The peripheral nervous system was evaluated by a questionnaire, physical examination, quantified sensory neurological examination, and neurophysiological measurements (nerve conduction studies). To assess autonomic cardiovascular function an orthostatic challenge test, a Valsalva manoeuvre, a forced respiration test, and pupillography were done. RESULTS: Abnormalities as indicated in the questionnaire were found in 8/39 (21%) patients, while an abnormal neurological examination was found in 7/39 (18%) patients. Abnormalities in quantified sensory neurological examination were found in 22/38 (58%) patients. In 9/39 (23%) patients, neurophysiological signs compatible with a sensory polyneuropathy were found. No differences were found in the autonomic test results, disease duration, serological parameters, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the patients with primary SS with and those without evidence of peripheral nervous involvement. CONCLUSION: Subclinical abnormalities of the peripheral nervous system may occur in patients with primary SS selected from a department of rheumatology, but clinically relevant involvement of the peripheral nervous system in this patient group is rare. (+info)Pupillary autonomic denervation with increasing duration of diabetes mellitus. (7/82)
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The autonomic pupillary changes in type I and II diabetic patients without clinical evidence of diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN) were compared with age matched controls. The relation between pupillary and cardiovascular autonomic function was assessed in the diabetic patients. METHODS: A case-control study was performed with diabetics grouped according to type and duration of diabetes. Static infrared pupillography was used to compare mean dark adapted pupil size and mean percentage changes in pupil size with pilocarpine 0.1% and cocaine 4% in the diabetic and control groups. All diabetic patients underwent cardiovascular autonomic function assessment using the Valsalva ratio, the 30:15 ratio, and testing for orthostatic hypotension. RESULTS: In total, 72 type I and 69 type II diabetic patients were compared with 120 controls. Mean dark adapted pupil size was significantly smaller in diabetic groups than controls. Except for type I diabetics with disease for less than 5 years, all patient groups had significantly greater mean percentage constriction in pupil size in response to dilute pilocarpine than controls. There was no significant difference between the mean percentage dilatation in response to cocaine 4% in diabetics and controls. A high proportion of patients had normal cardiovascular autonomic function particularly when this was assessed with the Valsalva ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Denervation hypersensitivity to dilute pilocarpine is a result of damage to the pupillary parasympathetic supply of diabetic patients. This occurs before the pupillary sympathetic pathway is affected, it can be detected early in the disease, and it may be a possible explanation for the small pupil size seen in diabetic patients. Pupillary autonomic dysfunction occurs before cardiovascular autonomic changes and detection of pupil denervation hypersensitivity to dilute pilocarpine is an inexpensive way to detect early DAN. (+info)Fibrous congenital iris membranes with pupillary distortion. (8/82)
BACKGROUND: In 1986 Cibis and associates described 2 children with a new type of congenital pupillary-iris-lens membrane with goniodysgenesis that was unilateral, sporadic, and progressive. These membranes were different from the common congenital pupillary strands that extend from 1 portion of the iris collarette to another or from the iris collarette to a focal opacity on the anterior lens surface. They also differed from the stationary congenital hypertrophic pupillary membranes that partially occlude the pupil, originating from multiple sites on the iris collarette, but not attaching directly to the lens. CASE MATERIAL: The present report is an account of 7 additional infants with congenital iris membranes, similar to those reported by Cibis and associates, which caused pupillary distortion and were variably associated with adhesions to the lens, goniodysgenesis, and progressive occlusion or seclusion of the pupil. Six of the 7 patients required surgery to open their pupils for visual purposes or to abort angle closure glaucoma. A remarkable finding was that the lenses in the area of the newly created pupils were clear, allowing an unobstructed view of normal fundi. CONCLUSION: This type of fibrous congenital iris membrane is important to recognize because of its impact on vision and its tendency to progress toward pupillary occlusion. Timely surgical intervention can abort this progressive course and allow vision to be preserved. (+info)Pupil disorders refer to abnormalities in the size, shape, or reaction of the pupil, which can be indicative of various ocular and neurological conditions, such as traumatic injury, infection, inflammation, or disease affecting the eye or the brain.
A pupil disorder refers to any abnormality or condition affecting the size, shape, or reactivity of the pupils, the circular black openings in the center of the eyes through which light enters. The pupil's primary function is to regulate the amount of light that reaches the retina, adjusting its size accordingly.
There are several types of pupil disorders, including:
1. Anisocoria: A condition characterized by unequal pupil sizes in either one or both eyes. This may be caused by various factors, such as nerve damage, trauma, inflammation, or medication side effects.
2. Horner's syndrome: A neurological disorder affecting the autonomic nervous system, resulting in a smaller pupil (miosis), partial eyelid droop (ptosis), and decreased sweating (anhidrosis) on the same side of the face. It is caused by damage to the sympathetic nerve pathway.
3. Adie's tonic pupil: A condition characterized by a dilated, poorly reactive pupil due to damage to the ciliary ganglion or short ciliary nerves. This disorder usually affects one eye and may be associated with decreased deep tendon reflexes in the affected limbs.
4. Argyll Robertson pupil: A condition where the pupils are small, irregularly shaped, and do not react to light but constrict when focusing on nearby objects (accommodation). This disorder is often associated with neurosyphilis or other brainstem disorders.
5. Pupillary dilation: Abnormally dilated pupils can be a sign of various conditions, such as drug use (e.g., atropine, cocaine), brainstem injury, Adie's tonic pupil, or oculomotor nerve palsy.
6. Pupillary constriction: Abnormally constricted pupils can be a sign of various conditions, such as Horner's syndrome, Argyll Robertson pupil, drug use (e.g., opioids, pilocarpine), or oculomotor nerve palsy.
7. Light-near dissociation: A condition where the pupils do not react to light but constrict when focusing on nearby objects. This can be seen in Argyll Robertson pupil and Adie's tonic pupil.
Prompt evaluation by an ophthalmologist or neurologist is necessary for accurate diagnosis and management of these conditions.
In ophthalmology, the pupil is the circular opening in the center of the iris through which light enters into the eye, its size and reactivity being regulated by the autonomic nervous system to control the amount of light reaching the retina.
A pupil, in medical terms, refers to the circular opening in the center of the iris (the colored part of the eye) that allows light to enter and reach the retina. The size of the pupil can change involuntarily in response to light intensity and emotional state, as well as voluntarily through certain eye exercises or with the use of eye drops. Pupillary reactions are important in clinical examinations as they can provide valuable information about the nervous system's functioning, particularly the brainstem and cranial nerves II and III.
A tonic pupil, also known as Adie's pupil or Adie's tonic iridenopathy, is a neurological condition characterized by unilateral or bilateral pupillary dilation, decreased reactivity to light, and prolonged redilation after accommodation, which is caused by damage to the ciliary ganglion or short ciliary nerves.
A tonic pupil, also known as a "Adie's pupil," is a type of abnormal pupillary response named after Sir William John Adie, who first described it in 1932. It is characterized by an initial sluggish or absent reaction to light, followed by a slow and sustained redilation. This condition typically occurs as a result of damage to the ciliary ganglion or short ciliary nerves, which are part of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Tonic pupils can be unilateral (occurring in one eye) or bilateral (occurring in both eyes). They may be associated with other neurological symptoms such as decreased deep tendon reflexes and abnormal sweating patterns, depending on the extent of the damage to the autonomic nervous system.
It is important to note that tonic pupils can also occur as a result of various medical conditions, including viral infections, neurotoxins, trauma, or tumors. Therefore, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and management.
A pupillary reflex is a consensual light reflex that involves the constriction of the pupil in response to light stimuli, mediated by the optic and oculomotor nerves, which helps in protecting the retina from bright light and aids in accurate depth focus and accommodation.
A pupillary reflex is a type of reflex that involves the constriction or dilation of the pupils in response to changes in light or near vision. It is mediated by the optic and oculomotor nerves. The pupillary reflex helps regulate the amount of light that enters the eye, improving visual acuity and protecting the retina from excessive light exposure.
In a clinical setting, the pupillary reflex is often assessed as part of a neurological examination. A normal pupillary reflex consists of both direct and consensual responses. The direct response occurs when light is shone into one eye and the pupil of that same eye constricts. The consensual response occurs when light is shone into one eye, causing the pupil of the other eye to also constrict.
Abnormalities in the pupillary reflex can indicate various neurological conditions, such as brainstem injuries or diseases affecting the optic or oculomotor nerves.
"Bipolar Disorder is a psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of mania or hypomania and depression, often interspersed with periods of euthymia or wellness."
Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). When you become depressed, you may feel sad or hopeless and lose interest or pleasure in most activities. When your mood shifts to mania or hypomania (a less severe form of mania), you may feel euphoric, full of energy, or unusually irritable. These mood swings can significantly affect your job, school, relationships, and overall quality of life.
Bipolar disorder is typically characterized by the presence of one or more manic or hypomanic episodes, often accompanied by depressive episodes. The episodes may be separated by periods of normal mood, but in some cases, a person may experience rapid cycling between mania and depression.
There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:
* Bipolar I Disorder: This type is characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, which may be preceded or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes.
* Bipolar II Disorder: This type involves the presence of at least one major depressive episode and at least one hypomanic episode, but no manic episodes.
* Cyclothymic Disorder: This type is characterized by numerous periods of hypomania and depression that are not severe enough to meet the criteria for a full manic or depressive episode.
* Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders: These categories include bipolar disorders that do not fit the criteria for any of the other types.
The exact cause of bipolar disorder is unknown, but it appears to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurochemical factors. Treatment typically involves a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes to help manage symptoms and prevent relapses.
"Mental disorders are health conditions characterized by significant disturbances in thinking, emotion regulation, behavior, and interpersonal relationships, often associated with distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning."
A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. It's associated with distress and/or impaired functioning in social, occupational, or other important areas of life, often leading to a decrease in quality of life. These disorders are typically persistent and can be severe and disabling. They may be related to factors such as genetics, early childhood experiences, or trauma. Examples include depression, anxiety disorders, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and personality disorders. It's important to note that a diagnosis should be made by a qualified mental health professional.
Anxiety Disorders are a category of mental health conditions characterized by excessive and persistent feelings of fear, worry, or unease that interfere with daily activities and cause significant distress.
Anxiety disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by feelings of excessive and persistent worry, fear, or anxiety that interfere with daily activities. They include several different types of disorders, such as:
1. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): This is characterized by chronic and exaggerated worry and tension, even when there is little or nothing to provoke it.
2. Panic Disorder: This is characterized by recurring unexpected panic attacks and fear of experiencing more panic attacks.
3. Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD): Also known as social phobia, this is characterized by excessive fear, anxiety, or avoidance of social situations due to feelings of embarrassment, self-consciousness, and concern about being judged or viewed negatively by others.
4. Phobias: These are intense, irrational fears of certain objects, places, or situations. When a person with a phobia encounters the object or situation they fear, they may experience panic attacks or other severe anxiety responses.
5. Agoraphobia: This is a fear of being in places where it may be difficult to escape or get help if one has a panic attack or other embarrassing or incapacitating symptoms.
6. Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD): This is characterized by excessive anxiety about separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment (such as a parent, sibling, or partner).
7. Selective Mutism: This is a disorder where a child becomes mute in certain situations, such as at school, but can speak normally at home or with close family members.
These disorders are treatable with a combination of medication and psychotherapy (cognitive-behavioral therapy, exposure therapy). It's important to seek professional help if you suspect that you or someone you know may have an anxiety disorder.
Mood disorders are a category of mental health conditions characterized by severe and persistent disturbances in mood, emotions, thoughts, behaviors, and energy levels, which can significantly impair an individual's ability to function in various aspects of their daily life.
Mood disorders are a category of mental health disorders characterized by significant and persistent changes in mood, affect, and emotional state. These disorders can cause disturbances in normal functioning and significantly impair an individual's ability to carry out their daily activities. The two primary types of mood disorders are depressive disorders (such as major depressive disorder or persistent depressive disorder) and bipolar disorders (which include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymic disorder).
Depressive disorders involve prolonged periods of low mood, sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in activities. Individuals with these disorders may also experience changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, concentration, and self-esteem. In severe cases, they might have thoughts of death or suicide.
Bipolar disorders involve alternating episodes of mania (or hypomania) and depression. During a manic episode, individuals may feel extremely elated, energetic, or irritable, with racing thoughts, rapid speech, and impulsive behavior. They might engage in risky activities, have decreased sleep needs, and display poor judgment. In contrast, depressive episodes involve the same symptoms as depressive disorders.
Mood disorders can be caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. Proper diagnosis and treatment, which may include psychotherapy, medication, or a combination of both, are essential for managing these conditions and improving quality of life.
Mydriatics are medications that cause pupil dilation by relaxing the circular muscle of the iris, often used in eye examinations and to manage certain ocular conditions.
Mydriatics are medications that cause mydriasis, which is the dilation of the pupil. These drugs work by blocking the action of the muscarinic receptors in the iris, leading to relaxation of the circular muscle and constriction of the radial muscle, resulting in pupil dilation. Mydriatics are often used in eye examinations to facilitate examination of the interior structures of the eye. Commonly used mydriatic agents include tropicamide, phenylephrine, and cyclopentolate. It is important to note that mydriatics can have side effects such as blurred vision, photophobia, and accommodation difficulties, so patients should be advised accordingly.
Tropicamide is a anticholinergic, muscarinic agent, primarily used as a mydriatic and cycloplegic in ophthalmology for its short-acting properties to dilate the pupil and temporarily paralyze the ciliary muscle, allowing for clearer examination of the interior structures of the eye.
Tropicamide is a muscarinic antagonist, which is a type of drug that blocks the action of acetylcholine in the body. In particular, it blocks the muscarinic receptors found in the eye, which results in pupil dilation (mydriasis) and paralysis of the ciliary muscle (cycloplegia).
Tropicamide is commonly used in ophthalmology as a diagnostic aid during eye examinations. It is often instilled into the eye to dilate the pupil, which allows the eye care professional to more easily examine the back of the eye and assess conditions such as cataracts, glaucoma, or retinal disorders. The cycloplegic effect of tropicamide also helps to relax the accommodation reflex, making it easier to measure the refractive error of the eye and determine the appropriate prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses.
It is important to note that tropicamide can cause temporary blurring of vision and sensitivity to light, so patients should be advised not to drive or operate heavy machinery until the effects of the medication have worn off.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is the American Psychiatric Association's classification and diagnostic tool for mental disorders, providing criteria for diagnosing and categorizing mental health conditions.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a publication of the American Psychiatric Association (APA) that provides diagnostic criteria for mental disorders. It is widely used by mental health professionals in the United States and around the world to diagnose and classify mental health conditions.
The DSM includes detailed descriptions of symptoms, clinical examples, and specific criteria for each disorder, which are intended to facilitate accurate diagnosis and improve communication among mental health professionals. The manual is regularly updated to reflect current research and clinical practice, with the most recent edition being the DSM-5, published in 2013.
It's important to note that while the DSM is a valuable tool for mental health professionals, it is not without controversy. Some critics argue that the manual medicalizes normal human experiences and that its categories may be too broad or overlapping. Nonetheless, it remains an essential resource for clinicians, researchers, and policymakers in the field of mental health.
Mydriasis is a medical term that refers to the abnormal dilation or widening of the pupil, which can occur due to various factors such as emotional responses, certain medications, or underlying health conditions.
Mydriasis is a medical term that refers to the dilation or enlargement of the pupil, which is the black circular opening in the center of the iris (the colored part) of the eye. The pupil normally adjusts its size in response to changes in light levels and emotional state. In mydriasis, the pupil becomes widely dilated and less responsive to light. This can occur naturally due to factors such as strong emotions, fear, or physical exertion, but it can also be caused by certain medications, eye drops, or medical conditions like brain injuries or neurological disorders. It is important to note that mydriasis can affect one or both eyes and may have different clinical significance depending on the context.
Parasympatholytic
"Dorlands Medical Dictionary:parasympatholytic".[permanent dead link] Wilhelm, Helmut (2011). "Disorders of the pupil". Handbook ...
Short ciliary nerves
Disorders of the pupil". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. Vol. 102. Elsevier. pp. 427-466. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52903-9.00022- ... Corbett, James J. (2005). "9 - The Pupil". Peripheral Neuropathy. Vol. 1 (4th ed.). Saunders. pp. 203-215. doi:10.1016/B978-0- ... Scheme showing sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation of the pupil and sites of lesion in a Horner's syndrome. Sympathetic ...
Argyll Robertson pupil
Kawasaki, A (December 1999). "Physiology, assessment, and disorders of the pupil". Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 10 (6): ... AR pupils are now quite rare. A patient whose pupil "accommodates but does not react" almost always has a tonic pupil, not an ... Argyll Robertson pupils (AR pupils) are bilateral small pupils that reduce in size on a near object (i.e., they accommodate), ... The exact relationship between syphilis and the two types of pupils (AR pupils and tonic pupils) is not known at the present ...
Ikeda, Osaka
Many pupils have suffered post-traumatic stress disorder. To avoid flashback memories of the massacre and to improve school ...
Canarsie, Brooklyn
Buder, Leonard (October 28, 1972). "Black Pupils Enter 211 As Police Quell Disorder". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. ... minority pupils into Canarsie schools. Many of the minority students were pupils from majority-black Brownsville, which ... "Boycott Over, Canarsie Pupils Are Eager to Work". The New York Times. November 10, 1972. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the ... "Board Reverses Scribner, Orders 32 Into J.H.S. 211; Minority Pupils Are Upheld Despite Parental Protests That Shut the School ...
William John Adie
Tonic pupils and absent tendon reflexes: a benign disorder sui generis; its complete and incomplete forms. Brain 1932;55:98-113 ... Adie also published articles on pupillary abnormalities, "forced grasping and groping" in frontal lobe disorders, and ...
Ciliary ganglion
In some neurological disorders, the pupil does not react to light, but it does react to accommodation. This is called "light- ... Tonic pupils are fairly common - they are seen in roughly 1 out of every 500 people. A person with anisocoria (one pupil bigger ... Kawasaki, A (December 1999). "Physiology, assessment, and disorders of the pupil". Current Opinion in Ophthalmology. 10 (6): ... Diseases of the ciliary ganglion produce a "tonic pupil", which is a pupil that does not react to light (it is "fixed") and has ...
Treatment and Education of Autistic and Related Communication Handicapped Children
ISBN 978-0-306-41859-4. Mesibov, G. & Howley, M. (2003). Accessing the Curriculum for Pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: ... Accessing the Curriculum for Pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Using the TEACCH Programme to Help Inclusion. Taylor & ... Review of the research literature on educational interventions for pupils with autistic spectrum disorders. National Foundation ... Mesibov GB; Shea V; Schopler E (2004). The TEACCH Approach to Autism Spectrum Disorders. Springer. ISBN 978-0-306-48646-3. ...
Gary B. Mesibov
Accessing the Curriculum for Pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Using the TEACCH Programme to Help Inclusion. Taylor & ... Accessing the Curriculum for Pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Using the TEACCH Programme to Help Inclusion. Taylor & ... In the field of developmental disorders and autism spectrum disorders, Mesibov has published articles, books, editorials, ... Autism: Understanding the Disorder. Springer; January 31, 1998. Eric Schopler; Gary B. Mesibov; Linda J. Kunce. Asperger ...
Retinal dysplasia
Australian Shepherd - retinal dysplasia occurs with other eye disorders, such as an oval pupil, microcornea (small cornea), ... It can also be seen in combination with a congenital skeletal disorder. ...
Aurora St Christopher's School
Many of the pupils had language and communication disorders, some had physical disabilities and some displayed challenging ... Some of the additional conditions were autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, Rett syndrome and Angelman syndrome. In December ...
The Romsey School
The school runs an ASD Support Base to support pupils with Special needs and Autistic spectrum disorder. The ASD Base was ... In 2010 81% of pupils achieved 5 or more A*-C grades in their GCSEs. 94% of pupils achieved at least a pass on A*-C.[better ... source needed] In 2018 the Progress 8 measure was average for the school and 50% of pupils achieved Grade 5 or above in English ...
Stanbridge Earls School
The school specialized in teaching and helping pupils with dyslexia, dyscalculia, developmental coordination disorder and mild ... with historic claims that a 15-year-old girl pupil had been allegedly raped twice by other pupils and a 12-year-old girl pupil ... In 2013 the school was criticised for excluding a pupil who claimed that she had been raped. The school closed in 2013, ... "Stanbridge Earls School inspection finds pupils 'remain unsafe'". BBC News. 23 May 2013. Retrieved 21 June 2013. Knox, Patrick ...
Hillpark Secondary School
Pupils identified as having an autism spectrum disorder are predominantly taught within mainstream classes with the support of ... From 1987 to 2006, Hillpark had a Gaelic unit providing Gaelic medium education to pupils. This existed until the opening of ... According to the SFC, only 10% of university applications from Hillpark pupils are accepted. The school has a swimming pool, ... Beyer, Kurt (16 March 2009). "Shock as Scots schools ban 100 violent pupils a week". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 28 November 2020 ...
Girton, Cambridgeshire
... a special school for pupils with autism spectrum disorders. Girton Parish Council was established in 1894, and consists of 15 ...
Classwide Peer Tutoring
... in secondary alternative school classrooms with small teacher/pupil ratios and students with emotional and behavioral disorders ... DuPaul, George; Ervin, Ruth; Hook, Cristine (1998). "Peer Tutoring for Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: ... Journal of Attention Disorders. 9 (1): 290-300. doi:10.1177/1087054705280796. PMID 16371675. S2CID 36572032. (Education by ... "Facilitating mainstreaming of students with behavioral disorders using classwide peer tutoring". School Psychology Review. 19 ( ...
Alderman Knight School
Admissions to the school are for pupils with moderate learning difficulties, complex needs and autistic spectrum disorders. ... It is a community school administered by Gloucestershire County Council, and accepts pupils aged four to sixteen from mainly ...
Tim Kevan
Law and Disorder: Confessions of a Pupil Barrister' and covers the good and bad times that trainee barrister goes through ... "Law and Disorder: Confessions of a Pupil Barrister, By Tim Kevan". The Independent. 22 August 2010. Archived from the original ... Tim Kevan official website Retrieved October 2010 Press release dated 28 May 2010 Retrieved October 2010 Law and Disorder at ... aka Law and Disorder, Bloomsbury (2009) Law and Peace, Bloomsbury (May 2011) List of authors published by Bloomsbury Publishing ...
Surugatoxin
... speech disorders, lazy eye amblyopia, pupil dilation (mydriasis), abdominal distention, dry mouth, numbness of lips, ... The food-poisoning patients reported a variety of symptoms, including visual disorders, ...
Denbigh High School, Denbighshire
... a special needs school catering mainly to pupils with autism spectrum disorders, as well as a smaller number of students ... Pupils who attend are between the ages of 11 and 18. Denbigh High School is situated on Ruthin Road, Denbigh and had 542 pupils ... "Teacher 'mocked' pupils for being fat and having fake tans". BBC News. 26 January 2021. "Teacher 'mocked' pupils for being fat ... "Pupils on the final straight of Formula 1 competition". Denbighshire Free Press. 16 September 2019. "North Wales teacher ...
John Ogdon
People with bipolar disorder, Pupils of Egon Petri, Alumni of the Royal Northern College of Music, Prize-winners of the ... now referred to as bipolar disorder). Either condition may have been inherited from his father, who suffered several psychotic ...
Rebecca Clarke (composer)
People with mood disorders, Pupils of Charles Villiers Stanford, British women classical composers, 20th-century English ...
Clomipramine
... dilated pupils) Vomiting Abdominal disorders Diarrhoea Decreased appetite Increased transaminases Increased Alkaline ... It is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, major depressive disorder, and chronic pain. It ... Panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Body dysmorphic disorder Repetitive self-injurious/self-harming behaviours in those ... Major depressive disorder (MDD), a popular off-label use in the US. It is approved by the Australian TGA and the United Kingdom ...
Victor Protopopov
... dilatated pupils and obstipation in bipolar disorder (then known as manic-depressive psychosis). Vladimir Bekhterev http://www. ... Being a pupil of Vladimir Bekhterev, Protopopov founded his own pathophysiological school of thought in the Soviet psychiatry. ... Bipolar disorder researchers, S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy alumni, Academic staff of Perm State University, All stub ...
Strange Hill High
... a pupil with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who comes up with plans to resolve various conflicts, while avoiding ...
Leucism
The neural crest disorders that cause leucism do not result in pink pupils and therefore most leucistic animals have normally ... However, this is not always the case and many albino animals do not have pink pupils. The common belief that all albinos have ... National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2020-06-23. Coat color, dominant white Archived 2009-01-30 at the Wayback ... those affected by albinism sometimes have pink pupil due to the underlying blood vessels showing through. ...
Dyce Academy
... a support system that helps school age pupils diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) the chance to be educated at a ... The ACMS provides lodging beside the school for pupils who come from more than three miles away. Dyce Academy is host to one of ... The numbers are limited to eight pupils to allow for the base to be a peaceful place away from the crowded mainstream classroom ... Dyce Academy's catchment area includes Dyce and the nearby village of Newmachar, though some pupils do attend from other nearby ...
Adie syndrome
... , also known as Holmes-Adie syndrome, is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil that ... Neurological disorders, Syndromes affecting the eye, Syndromes affecting the nervous system, Human pupil). ... pilocarpine may constrict the tonic pupil due to cholinergic denervation supersensitivity. A normal pupil will not constrict ... The tonic pupil may become smaller (miotic) over time which is referred to as "little old Adie's". Testing with low dose (1/8 ...
Police community support officer
Issue penalty notices for disorder (PND), truancy, excluded pupils found in public places, dog fouling, graffiti and flyposting ...
Caroline Chisholm School
... the progress made by pupils with a statement of autism spectrum disorders, the behaviour and attitudes of all pupils, and the ... formerly Mereway Secondary School). "Caroline Chisholm 1808 - 1877", BBC, January 2004 "Pupils start at new £1 school", BBC ... Lords when it was confirmed that this was one of six schools in England defined as a middle school that educates Year 11 pupils ... personal development and well-being of pupils make Caroline Chisholm a unique school. It had 'outstanding' outcome from its ...
Pupils, Unequal - Eye Disorders - Merck Manuals Consumer Version
Pupils, Unequal - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the Merck Manuals - Medical Consumer Version. ... the smaller pupil is unable to widen. If the larger pupil is abnormal, the difference between pupil sizes is greater in bright ... pupil (see table Some Causes and Features of Unequal Pupils Some Causes and Features of Unequal Pupils ). ... Eye disorders that cause unequal pupils include birth defects and eye injury. Also, certain drugs that get into the eye may ...
Cheshire East Special Free School for pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Congleton
Cheshire East Special Free School for pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Congleton ... Cheshire East Special Free School for pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorder - Congleton. Information for applicant groups ... Cheshire East Special Free School for pupils with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - Congleton ... housing development site in Congleton and will provide 60 places for children and young people with autistic spectrum disorder ...
Pupils, Unequal - Eye Disorders - MSD Manual Consumer Version
Pupils, Unequal - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the MSD Manuals - Medical Consumer Version. ... the smaller pupil is unable to widen. If the larger pupil is abnormal, the difference between pupil sizes is greater in bright ... pupil (see table Some Causes and Features of Unequal Pupils Some Causes and Features of Unequal Pupils ). ... Eye disorders that cause unequal pupils include birth defects and eye injury. Also, certain drugs that get into the eye may ...
Pupil disorder (Concept Id: C0034124)
- MedGen - NCBI
Supporting pupil mental health: Eating disorders : My College
The research summary on eating disorders in males is based on a research paper in the field of psychiatry, which highlights the ... This webinar explored what eating disorders are, how to spot the signs in students across key stages, barriers that may arise ... What is the biggest challenge in supporting students with eating disorders in your setting? How might this challenge be ... The research summary on identifying and supporting students with eating disorders signposts further reading and resources to ...
Know More About Pupil Disorder Aphantasia- the Absence of Visual Imagination
In dark shape, pupils tend to expand, whereas in light shape pupils tend to contract. These are the common reflexes seen when ... HomeScienceKnow More About Pupil Disorder Aphantasia- the Absence of Visual Imagination ... The pupil in our eyes is like a window through which light enters and through this, we can the beautiful things around us. When ... The pupils of Phantasia dilated when they imagined four objects instead of one, but didnt change in bright and dark. This ...
Inclusion-of-Pupils-with-Autism-Spectrum-Disorder - Infonomics Society
From Art to Science and Climate Change to World Peace, we embrace technological advancement, innovative Ideas, encourages research collaboration and training worldwide. The Society also questions the boundary issues between societal and technological dimensions of knowledge evolution, which lead to the concept of Infonomics. As part of our continuous improvement, we develop innovative ideas that combine traditional techniques with advanced technologies to create something very different. ...
Bilateral tonic pupils: Holmes Adie syndrome or generalised neuropathy?
The tonic pupils of patients with Holmes-Adie syndrome are significantly different to those found in patients with generalised ... Pupil / radiation effects * Pupil Disorders / epidemiology * Pupil Disorders / etiology * Pupil Disorders / physiopathology ... Bilateral tonic pupils: Holmes Adie syndrome or generalised neuropathy? Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Dec;91(12):1620-3. doi: 10.1136/ ... The presence of both these pupil signs can be used to distinguish between these diagnoses with a sensitivity of 58% and a ...
Parasympatholytic - Wikipedia
Autonomic dysfunction in parkinsonian disorders: assessment and pathophysiology | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery &...
Disordered pupil reactivity in Parkinsons disease. Clin Auton Res 1991;1:55-8. ... There are only a few reports on pupil abnormalities in PD indicating slow pupillary responses to light and pain,21 and the ... Autonomic failure a textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system, 4th edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, ... Autonomic investigation is of value in diagnosing PD and differentiating PD from other parkinsonian disorders, such as MSA. ...
Probability for GCSE | PDF
Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) and Grade I Pupils Achievements. Ernie Cerado•1.7K. views ... One of these pupils is to be chosen at random. (b) What is the most likely bus fare of the chosen pupil? (c) Mark with an X on ... Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) and Grade I Pupils Achievements by Ernie Cerado. ... Question 8 The table shows the bus fares paid by some pupils to travel to school. Name Bus fare to school in pence Neil 45 ...
Últimas publicaciones
Contact primary schools in Camden - Camden Council
Resource bases for pupils with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and physical disabilities. ... Torriano Primary School admits 58 pupils per year to reception class. Torriano is rooted in the heart of our community. We ... State community school for junior and infant boys and girls, which admits 60 pupils into reception each year. The school, which ... We are committed to working with parents and our community to ensure the best for all our pupils; together… ...
Crash Course Neurology Updated Edition: Elsevier eBook on VitalSource, 4th Edition - 9780723439356
4. Disorders of smell and taste. 5. Visual impairment. 6. Disorders of the pupils and eye movements. 7. Facial sensory loss and ... Movement disorders. 12. Limb weakness. 13. Limb sensory symptoms. 14. Disorders of gait. Part 11: Diseases and Disorders. 15. ... Disorders of the peripheral nerves. 24. Disorders of the neuromuscular junction. 25. Disorders of skeletal muscle. 26. Vascular ... extrapyramidal disorders, and myoclonus. 19. Cranial nerve lesions. 20. Diseases affecting the spinal cord (myelopathy). 21. ...
Clinical Services Offered
Pupil disorders. Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism). Retinal detachment. Retinal tears. Retinal vein or ... Eye movement disorders. Eye trauma. Eyelid "bags" and facial "wrinkles". Eyelid and facial spasm. Eyelid retraction. Facial ... Thyroid eye disorders. Toxoplasmosis. Trichiasis (misdirected eye lashes). Trochlear nerve palsy. Uveitis and ocular ... Anisocoria (unequal pupils). Anisocoria and Horners syndrome. Anophthalmos. Astigmatism. Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis. ...
Hypohidrosis (Absent Sweating): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments
Ross syndrome, which is a rare disorder characterized by sweating dysfunction and pupils that dont dilate properly ... Skin damage and disorders. Skin damage from severe burns can permanently damage your sweat glands. Other possible sources of ... Fabry disease, which is a genetic disorder that causes fat to build up in your cells ...
Systems of support and specialist provision | European Agency for Special Needs and Inclusive Education
A counselling system for pupils with behavioural difficulties (disorders) has been set up. ... pupils with autism, pupils with complex needs, and pupils with learning and/or behavioural difficulties. Pupils who are ill or ... for pupils with multiple impairment and pupils with autism.. Pupils with severe intellectual disabilities and complex needs can ... The pupils attain the bases of education.. Post-compulsory education. Upper-secondary education offers education for pupils ...
FF:SUP004 Psychology for teachers II - Course Information
... or to reduce exam fever in pupil. - recognize symptoms of specific learning disorders, to describe school consequences, to ... teacher to pupil relationship - factors, some typical kinds of relationships of teachers to pupils; pupil to teacher ... evaluation and classification of pupils with specific learning disorders. ADHD and ADD; procedures for teaching and educating ... The course aims to expand understanding of pupils and also to oneself, to improve communication skills a to support chances of ...
Hansard - Commons | Houses of Parliament - Archives (3rd May 2012): Mr Geoffrey Clifton-Brown: Written material by subject
Opioids and Opioid Use Disorder (OUD): MedlinePlus
Opioid use disorder (OUD) a serious public health problem in the U.S. Learn about opioids, how they affect the body, and what ... Very small pupils of the eyes. *Falling asleep or loss of consciousness ... What is opioid use disorder (OUD)?. Opioid use disorder (OUD) means that you have a problematic pattern of using opioids. The ... Opioid use disorder and overdoses are serious public health problems in the United States. As more people misuse opioids, more ...
Clinical research - Eye Tracking Used to Explore Biomarkers - Tobii
Eye tracking is an effective way of measuring the tell-tale eye movements that are indicative of brain disorder and injury. ... Pupil dilation to emotional expressions in adolescent social anxiety disorder is related to treatment outcome. Journal of ... Eye tracking as a diagnosis tool for eye movement disorders-a look at nystagmus. This study focuses on eye movement disorders, ... Tsitsi, P., Benfatto, M. N., Seimyr, G. Ö., Larsson, O., Svenningsson, P. P., & Markaki, I. (2021). Fixation Duration and Pupil ...
Advice please! AC learning difficulties/disabilities | Mumsnet
Salivary Abnormalities in Dentistry: Overview, Salivary Gland Anatomy, Salivation and Age
Pupil and salivary indicators of autonomic dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder. Dev Psychobiol. 2012 May 29. [QxMD MEDLINE ... The perception of distress in women with temporomandibular disorders has also been evaluated via cortisol levels, [110] ... A number of salivary constituents have also been used in the assessment of autonomic disorders. For example, salivary alpha- ... The literature suggests that differences in response exist based on the type of disorder present (eg, cerebral palsy vs ...
Ivana LESSNER LISTIAKOVA | Senior Lecturer | PhD | University of Suffolk, Ipswich | UC Suffolk | Research profile
She has worked with children with learning difficulties and disorders, autism, ADHD, sensory processing difficulties, and ... Developing training for teachers to support the inclusion in education of pupils with autism spectrum disorder in Eastern ... Autism Spectrum Disorder -Empowering and Supporting Teachers (ASD-EAST): developing teacher education about ASD for primary ... Effective education is a crucial intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and it is vital that teachers ...
SEN conditions - Teaching Expertise
Special education consultant Michael Farrell considers provision for pupils with orthopaedic impairments and motor disorders ... Pupils with listening and attention difficulties have one of two problems…. Visual comprehension is the ability to listen to ... If they are to get the most from their education it is important for schools to know what, and how, to tell all pupils about ... The activities listed here can help develop visual memory and can be incorporated into a lesson for the benefit of all pupils. ...
L'Appello (The Register) Archives - Andrew Nurnberg Associates International Ltd.Andrew Nurnberg Associates International Ltd.
Ministry of Education And Science of Georgia
Tamar Sanikidze presented gifts to pupils with autism spectrum disorders. World Autism Awareness Day is celebrated on the 2nd ... Minister of Education and Science of Georgia Tamar Sanikidze visited pupils with autism spectrum disorders in Public School 166 ... Georgian pupils at British Schools The awarding ceremony of HMC projects winners took place at the Ministry of Education and ... On the World Down Syndrome Day, the Minister of Education and Science of Georgia Tamar Sanikidze held 198 public school pupils ...
Boar - S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Call of Pripyat
Publikationer 2019 - Institutionen för psykologi - Uppsala universitet
DOI för Pupil dilation to emotional expressions in adolescent social anxiety disorder is related to treatment outcome Ladda ner ... Pupil dilation to emotional expressions in adolescent social anxiety disorder is related to treatment outcome Kleberg, Johan L ... DOI för Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in relation to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) ... Concurrent validity of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) in relation to Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) severity ...
AnisocoriaDilateUnequal pupilsAbnormalSymptomsPupillaryCorneaEyelidPsychosisNeurological DisordersAutismAutistic spectrumPrevalenceSpecific learningSensoryDevelopmental disordersGlaucomaSignsNeurodegenerativeDifficultiesInjuriesDysfunctionAttention deficitGeneticADHDIncludeSyndromeMovementsPrimary SchoolEyesWrinklesDiagnosisDiseaseOccursMedicinesDepressionBabiesStrokeFoundSizeLargerSchoolsTeachersChildrenLightJournalSubstancePeopleSizesRangePsychiatryClinicalRiskDarkSupportAddiction
Anisocoria3
- Unequal pupil size is called anisocoria. (merckmanuals.com)
- Physiologic anisocoria is pupils that are naturally different in size. (merckmanuals.com)
- Pressure in head can cause dizziness, drowsiness and anisocoria (unequal pupil size)? (healthtap.com)
Dilate1
- Pupils get larger (dilate) in dim light and smaller (constrict) in bright light. (merckmanuals.com)
Unequal pupils6
- More often, unequal pupils are noticed only during a doctor's examination. (merckmanuals.com)
- Unequal pupils themselves usually cause no symptoms, but occasionally a person may have trouble focusing on near objects. (merckmanuals.com)
- These more noticeable symptoms are often the reason people seek medical care rather than the unequal pupils. (merckmanuals.com)
- Eye disorders that cause unequal pupils include birth defects and eye injury. (merckmanuals.com)
- Inflammation of the iris (iritis) and certain types of glaucoma cause unequal pupils, but this finding is usually overshadowed by severe eye pain. (merckmanuals.com)
- Unequal pupils can be from many conditions, some of which are very serious. (healthtap.com)
Abnormal3
- Either the larger or the smaller pupil may be the abnormal one depending on the cause. (merckmanuals.com)
- If the larger pupil is abnormal, the difference between pupil sizes is greater in bright light. (merckmanuals.com)
- If the smaller pupil is abnormal, the difference is greater in the dark. (merckmanuals.com)
Symptoms8
- Also, the underlying disorder sometimes causes other symptoms such as eye pain and redness, loss of vision, drooping eyelid, double vision, or headache. (merckmanuals.com)
- In such people, both pupils react normally to light and darkness and there are no symptoms. (merckmanuals.com)
- causes, symptoms, reeducation and compensation, evaluation and classification of pupils with specific learning disorders. (muni.cz)
- examination state - exam fever/stage fright (symptoms, consequences, reduction of stage fright on the part of teacher and pupil, kinds of stage fright). (muni.cz)
- When recalling symptoms of the past week, sleep disorders due to acne were reported by 16.6% of pupils (1). (aad.org)
- If there are no other symptoms and if the pupils return to normal, then it is nothing to worry about. (adam.com)
- Symptoms of drug use disorders may differ, as each drug has different effects. (americanbar.org)
- However, some eye disorders cause few or no symptoms in their early stages, so the eyes should be checked regularly (every 1 to 2. (merckmanuals.com)
Pupillary1
- Pupillary disorders. (adam.com)
Cornea1
- The cornea is the clear layer in front of the iris and pupil. (merckmanuals.com)
Eyelid4
- Horner Syndrome Horner syndrome affects one side of the face, causing the eyelid to droop, the pupil to become small (constricted), and sweating to decrease. (merckmanuals.com)
- These pathways carry nerve impulses to the pupil and to the muscles that control the eye and eyelid. (merckmanuals.com)
- Thus, people with nervous system disorders that affect the pupil often also have a drooping eyelid, double vision, and/or visibly misaligned eyes. (merckmanuals.com)
- Horner syndrome refers to the combination of a constricted pupil, drooping eyelid, and loss of sweating around the affected eye. (merckmanuals.com)
Psychosis1
- 8. Mental health and mental disorders (psychosis, neurosis, psychopathy and mental retardation). (muni.cz)
Neurological Disorders1
- Neurological Disorders of the Eye: Interrupt Unituxin for dilated pupil with sluggish light reflex or other visual disturbances and permanently discontinue Unituxin for recurrent eye disorders or loss of vision. (nih.gov)
Autism3
- These schools provide education to pupils with intellectual, sensory or physical disabilities, pupils with communication difficulties, pupils with autism, pupils with complex needs, and pupils with learning and/or behavioural difficulties. (european-agency.org)
- She has worked with children with learning difficulties and disorders, autism, ADHD, sensory processing difficulties, and multiple disabilities. (researchgate.net)
- Effective education is a crucial intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and it is vital that teachers are confident and appropriately skilled. (researchgate.net)
Autistic spectrum2
- School 2 will be located on the Giantswood housing development site in Congleton and will provide 60 places for children and young people with autistic spectrum disorder. (cheshireeast.gov.uk)
- other situations that may seriously limit the pupil's daily activities, such as borderline intellectual functioning or mild autistic spectrum disorder without comorbidity. (european-agency.org)
Prevalence1
- However, significant differences were found in the prevalence and magnitude of several pupil variables in the two patient groups. (nih.gov)
Specific learning1
- Law 170/2010 recognises dyslexia, dysgraphia, dysorthographia and dyscalculia as specific learning disorders (SLDs). (european-agency.org)
Sensory1
- According to the definition set out in Law 104/1992, pupils with disabilities are those with physical, intellectual or sensory impairments, whether stable or progressive, causing learning and working difficulties that can produce social detriment and alienation. (european-agency.org)
Developmental disorders2
- The Ministerial Directive of 27 December 2012 also considers other specific developmental disorders (which are not included in Law 104 and Law 170). (european-agency.org)
- The competent offices of the national health system diagnose specific developmental disorders and the pupil's family submits the relevant documentation to the school. (european-agency.org)
Glaucoma1
- Such drugs may be drops intended to treat eye disorders (for example, homatropine used for certain inflammatory disorders or injuries or pilocarpine used for glaucoma), or they may be drugs or other substances that accidentally get into the eye (for example, scopolamine used as a patch for motion sickness, plants such as jimsonweed, or certain insecticides). (merckmanuals.com)
Signs3
- This webinar explored what eating disorders are, how to spot the signs in students across key stages, barriers that may arise for students (and staff trying to support them) and practical strategies to overcome these barriers. (chartered.college)
- To compare the pupil signs in patients with bilateral pupillotonia caused by Holmes-Adie syndrome or generalised peripheral neuropathy. (nih.gov)
- Regardless of aetiology, the patients generally had pupil signs typical of pupillotonia (small dark diameters, large light diameters, tonic near responses, attenuated light responses with light-near dissociation, and sector palsy). (nih.gov)
Neurodegenerative2
Difficulties3
- A counselling system for pupils with behavioural difficulties (disorders) has been set up. (european-agency.org)
- 3. Teacher's personality psychology - approaches and methods of exploring teacher's personality, requirements for teacher's personality, teacher's personality from the perspective of pupils, some typologies of teachers' personalities, development and formation of the teachers' personality, difficulties in the development of the teachers' personality. (muni.cz)
- Evidence suggests that cognitive and literacy difficulties are common for children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). (surrey.ac.uk)
Injuries3
- Disorders outside the brain that affect the sympathetic nervous system include tumors and injuries that involve the neck or upper part of the chest. (merckmanuals.com)
- There is a strong connection between deficits in eye movements and various underlying brain disorders and injuries. (tobii.com)
- Nigeria on their practice of some types of corporal punishment (CP) that could result in eye injuries among their pupils. (bvsalud.org)
Dysfunction1
- Detection of autonomic dysfunction may therefore be helpful in diagnosing PD in the early or pre-motor stages, and/or in differentiating it from other parkinsonian disorders, such as multiple system atrophy and progressive supuranuclear palsy. (bmj.com)
Attention deficit1
- Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more at risk for academic underachievement compared to their typically developing peers. (surrey.ac.uk)
Genetic1
- If other family members also have similar pupils, then the pupil size difference could be genetic and is nothing to worry about. (adam.com)
ADHD2
- Ten primary school pupils with ADHD (aged 6-11 years) and their teachers (N = 6) took part in semi-structured interviews that focused on (1) ADHD knowledge, (2) the child's strengths and challenges at school, and (3) strategies in place to support challenges. (surrey.ac.uk)
- The effects of ADHD teacher training programs on teachers and pupils: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (bvsalud.org)
Include3
- Brain disorders that can affect these pathways include strokes, brain hemorrhage (spontaneous or due to head injury), and, less commonly, certain tumors or infections. (merckmanuals.com)
- How will you include all members of your school community when supporting students with eating disorders? (chartered.college)
- Examples include sleep terrors, sleepwalking, nightmare disorder, sleep-related eating disorder and sleep paralysis. (clevelandclinic.org)
Syndrome2
- Bilateral tonic pupils: Holmes Adie syndrome or generalised neuropathy? (nih.gov)
- Infrared video pupillographic techniques were used to measure a number of pupil variables in patients with Holmes-Adie syndrome, generalised neuropathy (various aetiologies) and healthy age-matched control subjects. (nih.gov)
Movements1
- Their eyes were fitted with glasses to track the movements of their eyes and pupil. (instachronicles.com)
Primary School2
- The school, which is federated with Torriano Primary School under an Executive Headteacher, also has a nursery for pre-school pupils. (camden.gov.uk)
- A sample of 156 pupils aged 8.4 years-11.3 years and attending Italian primary school completed a battery of tests assessing writing speed, visuo-spatial abstract reasoning, fluency, and static balance abilities objectively assessed by measuring postural sway. (bvsalud.org)
Eyes6
- The pupil in our eyes is like a window through which light enters and through this, we can the beautiful things around us. (instachronicles.com)
- In this, they were simply asked to imagine those light and dark objects, with open eyes so that they can check the movement of their pupils. (instachronicles.com)
- Left pupil slightly larger than the right but mostly under certain lights or when light hits the eyes directly any reason why this is happening? (healthtap.com)
- Other medicines that get in the eyes, including medicine from asthma inhalers, can change pupil size. (adam.com)
- Bloodshot eyes or pupils that are larger or smaller than usual. (americanbar.org)
- Other features of this disorder are a racing heart rate, open eyes with dilated pupils, fast breathing and sweating. (clevelandclinic.org)
Wrinkles1
- their pupils have become colorless and pigmentation disorders and deep wrinkles have appeared on their bald heads. (stalker-game.com)
Diagnosis1
- This study focuses on eye movement disorders, in particular nystagmus, and the possibility of using eye tracking as an established form of diagnosis tool. (tobii.com)
Disease4
- A disease involving the pupil. (nih.gov)
- 1, 2] Ninety percent of patients with myasthenia gravis develop ophthalmologic manifestations of the disease, a disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles. (medscape.com)
- Unequal pupil sizes of more than 1 mm that develop later in life and do not return to equal size may be a sign of an eye, brain, blood vessel, or nerve disease. (adam.com)
- Is Alzheimer Disease an Autoimmune Disorder? (houstonmethodist.org)
Occurs1
- Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), both adult and pediatric, may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior, whether or not they are taking antidepressant medications, and this risk may persist until significant remission occurs. (nih.gov)
Medicines1
- Using medicines to treat OUD is called medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). (medlineplus.gov)
Depression1
- Depression and certain other psychiatric disorders are themselves associated with increases in the risk of suicide. (nih.gov)
Babies1
- Babies born with different sized pupils may not have any underlying disorder. (adam.com)
Stroke2
- Objectives:To determine the pattern of ocular disorders among stroke patients in Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja (FTHL).Materials and Methods:Consecutive new stroke patients seen at the Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja over a 3-month period were studied. (bvsalud.org)
- Other ocular abnormalities included corneal anaesthesia and macular hole in 2(1.2%).Conclusion:Anterior and posterior segments, together with neuro-ophthalmic disorders were found among stroke patients in this study. (bvsalud.org)
Found2
- It was found that even in imagination, their pupil responded the same. (instachronicles.com)
- Slight differences in pupil sizes are found in up to 1 in 5 healthy people. (adam.com)
Size11
- Usually both pupils are about the same size and respond to light equally. (merckmanuals.com)
- By coding the Cookie Theft picture into areas of interest, the researchers fused eye tracking data - fixation, saccades, and pupil size - with language data. (tobii.com)
- Doesn't cause any pain but it does cause dizziness and unequal pupil size. (healthtap.com)
- Also, for unknown reasons, pupils may temporarily differ in size. (adam.com)
- The use of eye drops is a common cause of a harmless change in pupil size. (adam.com)
- Treatment depends on the cause of the unequal pupil size. (adam.com)
- You should see a health care provider if you have sudden changes that result in unequal pupil size. (adam.com)
- Contact a provider if you have persistent, unexplained, or sudden changes in pupil size. (adam.com)
- If there is any recent change in pupil size, it may be a sign of a very serious condition. (adam.com)
- If you have differing pupil size after an eye or head injury, get medical help immediately. (adam.com)
- Wings Over Europe told the story of a young scientist who stumbles on the key to the energy bound up in atoms, en-dearingly demonstrating his skill by detonat-ing a lump of sugar and carving out a crater the size of Vesuvius. (nzgeo.com)
Larger1
- It is known that pupil gets larger when we are doing a difficult task. (instachronicles.com)
Schools6
- Mainstream schools were opened up to pupils with SEN. (european-agency.org)
- A counselling system was developed for pupils with SEN to support their integration and inclusion in mainstream schools and for pupils who are educated at home for specific health reasons. (european-agency.org)
- Pupils with SEN are educated preferably in mainstream classes, but they can attend special classes within mainstream schools, or schools ('special schools') founded for those pupils with special needs whose parents prefer this kind of school. (european-agency.org)
- Pupils who are ill or those with a health risk are temporarily placed in hospitals and/or other healthcare institutions and can attend schools in these institutions. (european-agency.org)
- Special schools offer education for pre-primary children, for pupils of compulsory school age and for those at upper-secondary level, including vocational schools. (european-agency.org)
- If they are to get the most from their education it is important for schools to know what, and how, to tell all pupils about their condition. (teachingexpertise.com)
Teachers2
- This bitesize CPD collection is part of a series of online micro learning units for teachers and school leaders on supporting pupil mental health and wellbeing in practice. (chartered.college)
- The course aims to expand understanding of pupils and also to oneself, to improve communication skills a to support chances of healthy co-operation of pupils as well as their teachers. (muni.cz)
Children1
- Antidepressants increased the risk compared to placebo of suicidal thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults in short-term studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) and other psychiatric disorders. (nih.gov)
Light2
- When we experience visual imagination, our pupils respond to it by optimizing the amount of light hitting the retina. (instachronicles.com)
- In dark shape, pupils tend to expand, whereas in light shape pupils tend to contract. (instachronicles.com)
Journal3
- Ingår i Journal of Attention Disorders , s. 1656-1666, 2019. (uu.se)
- Journal of Affective Disorders Reports. (houstonmethodist.org)
- Journal of Attention Disorders, 26 (2), 225-244. (bvsalud.org)
Substance2
- Substance use disorder (SUD) affects a person's ability to control their use of alcohol or drugs. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- What is substance use disorder? (medicalnewstoday.com)
People1
- People with certain inherited disorders are also at higher risk. (nih.gov)
Sizes4
- If pupil sizes are very unequal, a person may notice the discrepancy. (merckmanuals.com)
- What are reasons why my eye pupils are different sizes? (healthtap.com)
- I have unequal pupil sizes. (healthtap.com)
- Is this new for you or have your pupils ever been different sizes before? (adam.com)
Range1
- A broad range of support provisions has been implemented to increase the participation of pupils with special needs in mainstream education. (european-agency.org)
Psychiatry1
- The research summary on eating disorders in males is based on a research paper in the field of psychiatry, which highlights the relationships between eating disorders and gender. (chartered.college)
Clinical1
- Through clinical and basic research, they have made valuable contributions to both the understanding and treatments of ophthalmic disorders. (cuanschutz.edu)
Risk1
- When using opioids, there is also a risk of opioid use disorder (OUD). (medlineplus.gov)
Dark1
- The pupils of Phantasia dilated when they imagined four objects instead of one, but didn't change in bright and dark. (instachronicles.com)
Support4
- The research summary on identifying and supporting students with eating disorders signposts further reading and resources to support your learning from the webinar. (chartered.college)
- What strategies do you currently use to support students with eating disorders in your setting? (chartered.college)
- Ria is anxious to support her pupil Jazz who has an eating disorder and confronts her mum who ends up in tears but at least Jazz gets help. (britishtheatreguide.info)
- Lawyer assistance programs (LAPs) are here to support lawyers, judges, students and other legal professionals who suffer from drug use disorders. (americanbar.org)
Addiction1
- Drug use disorders, also known as addiction, are chronic and progressive diseases. (americanbar.org)
