A plant family of the order Proteales, subclass Rosidae class Magnoliopsida. Cluster roots, bottlebrush-like clusters of rootlets which form in response to poor soil, are common in this family.
The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

Effects of seed bank disturbance on the fine-scale genetic structure of populations of the rare shrub Grevillea macleayana. (1/51)

Dispersal in most plants is mediated by the movement of seeds and pollen, which move genes across the landscape differently. Grevillea macleayana is a rare, fire-dependent Australian shrub with large seeds lacking adaptations for dispersal; yet it produces inflorescences adapted to pollination by highly mobile vertebrates (eg birds). Interpreting fine-scale genetic structure in the light of these two processes is confounded by the recent imposition of anthropogenic disturbances with potentially contrasting genetic consequences: (1) the unusual foraging behaviour of exotic honeybees and 2. widespread disturbance of the soil-stored seedbank by road building and quarrying. To test for evidence of fine-scale genetic structure within G. macleayana populations and to test the prediction that such structure might be masked by disturbance of the seed bank, we sampled two sites in undisturbed habitat and compared their genetic structure with two sites that had been strongly affected by road building using a test for spatial autocorrelation of genotypes. High selfing levels inferred from genotypes at all four sites implies that pollen dispersal is limited. Consistent with this, we observed substantial spatial clustering of genes at 10 m or less in the two undisturbed populations and argue that this reflects the predicted effects of both high selfing levels and limited seed dispersal. In contrast, at the two sites disturbed by road building, spatial autocorrelation was weak. This suggests there has been mixing of the seed bank, counteracting the naturally low dispersal and elevated selfing due to honeybees. Pollination between near neighbours with reduced relatedness potentially has fitness consequences for G. macleayana in disturbed sites.  (+info)

Fast pollen tube growth in Conospermum species. (2/51)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An unusual form of pollen tube growth was observed for several Conospermum species (family Proteaceae). The rate of pollen tube growth, the number of tubes to emerge and the ultrastructure of these tubes are given here. METHODS: Pollen was germinated in vitro in different sucrose concentrations and in the presence of calcium channel blockers, and tube emergence and growth were recorded on a VCR. Measurements were taken of the number of tubes to emerge and rate of tube emergence. Pollen behaviour in vivo was also observed. The ultrastructure of germinated and ungerminated pollen was observed using TEM. RESULTS: After 10 s to 3 min in germination medium, up to three pollen tubes emerged and grew at rates of up to 55 micro m s(-1); the rate then slowed to around 2 micro m s(-1), 30 s after the initial growth spurt. Tubes were observed to grow in pulses, and the pulsed growth continued in the presence of calcium channel blockers. Optimal sugar concentration for pollen germination was 300 g L(-1), in which up to 81 % of pollen grains showed fast germination. Germination and emergence of multiple tubes were observed in sucrose concentrations of 100-800 g L(-1). The vegetative and generative nuclei moved into one of the tubes. Multiple tubes from a single grain were observed on the stigma. Under light microscopy, the cytoplasm in the tube showed a clear region at the tip. The ultrastructure of C. amoenum pollen showed a bilayered exine, with the intine being very thick at the pores, and elsewhere having large intrusions into the plasma membrane. The cytoplasm was dense with vesicles packed with inner tube cell wall material. Golgi apparatus producing secretory vesicles, and mitochondria were found throughout the tube. The tube wall was bilayered; both layers being fibrous and loosely packed. CONCLUSIONS: It is proposed that, for Conospermum, initial pollen tube wall constituents are manufactured and stored prior to pollen germination, and that tube extension occurs as described in the literature for other species, but at an exceptionally fast rate.  (+info)

Evidence for ancient genetic subdivision among recently fragmented populations of the endangered shrub Grevillea caleyi (Proteaceae). (3/51)

The genetic effects of population fragmentation cannot be interpreted without understanding the underlying pattern of genetic variation resulting from historic population processes. We used AFLP markers to determine genetic structure and distribution of genetic diversity among populations of an endangered Australian shrub Grevillea caleyi (Proteaceae). Populations that occurred historically on four ridges have new been fragmented to varying degrees, producing some large, relatively pristine populations and very small populations consisting of fewer than 10 adult plants. We found marked population genetic structure (65.9% of genetic variation was among populations) and a significant relationship between genetic and geographic distance (rm=0.564, P=0.004). However, only 14% of overall genetic differentiation was attributable to variation among ridges, compared with 52% among populations within ridges. Moreover, genetic diversity within samples of plants did not vary with either population size or degree of isolation. Thus, the present genetic structure of populations is probably almost entirely the product of historical events. Fine-scale structuring within populations prior to fragmentation may have been caused by limited seed and pollen dispersal, despite a complex suite of (mostly avian) pollinators, and a mixed mating system that allows a large amount of selfing. The combined effects of adult longevity and a soil-stored seed bank may have buffered the recently fragmented populations against the effects of dramatic reductions in numbers of adult plants.  (+info)

Tissue and cellular phosphorus storage during development of phosphorus toxicity in Hakea prostrata (Proteaceae). (4/51)

Storage of phosphorus (P) in stem tissue is important in Mediterranean Proteaceae, because proteoid root growth and P uptake is greatest during winter, whereas shoot growth occurs mostly in summer. This has prompted the present investigation of the P distribution amongst roots, stems, and leaves of Hakea prostrata R.Br. (Proteaceae) when grown in nutrient solutions at ten P-supply rates. Glasshouse experiments were carried out during both winter and summer months. For plants grown in the low-P range (0, 0.3, 1.2, 3.0, or 6.0 micromol d(-1)) the root [P] was > stem and leaf [P]. In contrast, leaf [P] > stem and root [P] for plants grown in the high-P range (6.0, 30, 60, 150, or 300 micromol P d(-1)). At the highest P-supply rates, the capacity for P storage in stems and roots appears to have been exceeded, and leaf [P] thereafter increased dramatically to approximately 10 mg P g(-1) dry mass. This high leaf [P] was coincident with foliar symptoms of P toxicity which were similar to those described for many other species, including non-Proteaceae. The published values (tissue [P]) at which P toxicity occurs in a range of species are summarized. X-ray microanalysis of frozen, full-hydrated leaves revealed that the [P] in vacuoles of epidermal, palisade and bundle-sheath cells were in the mM range when plants were grown at low P-supply, even though very low leaf [P] was measured in bulk leaf samples. At higher P-supply rates, P accumulated in vacuoles of palisade cells which were associated with decreased photosynthetic rates.  (+info)

Developmental physiology of cluster-root carboxylate synthesis and exudation in harsh hakea. Expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and the alternative oxidase. (5/51)

Harsh hakea (Hakea prostrata R.Br.) is a member of the Proteaceae family, which is highly represented on the extremely nutrient-impoverished soils in southwest Australia. When phosphorus is limiting, harsh hakea develops proteoid or cluster roots that release carboxylates that mobilize sparingly soluble phosphate in the rhizosphere. To investigate the physiology underlying the synthesis and exudation of carboxylates from cluster roots in Proteaceae, we measured O2 consumption, CO2 release, internal carboxylate concentrations and carboxylate exudation, and the abundance of the enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and alternative oxidase (AOX) over a 3-week time course of cluster-root development. Peak rates of citrate and malate exudation were observed from 12- to 13-d-old cluster roots, preceded by a reduction in cluster-root total protein levels and a reduced rate of O2 consumption. In harsh hakea, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression was relatively constant in cluster roots, regardless of developmental stage. During cluster-root maturation, however, the expression of AOX protein increased prior to the time when citrate and malate exudation peaked. This increase in AOX protein levels is presumably needed to allow a greater flow of electrons through the mitochondrial electron transport chain in the absence of rapid ATP turnover. Citrate and isocitrate synthesis and accumulation contributed in a major way to the subsequent burst of citrate and malate exudation. Phosphorus accumulated by harsh hakea cluster roots was remobilized during senescence as part of their efficient P cycling strategy for growth on nutrient impoverished soils.  (+info)

New endophytic isolates of Muscodor albus, a volatile-antibiotic-producing fungus. (6/51)

Muscodor albus, an endophytic fungus originally isolated from Cinnamomum zeylanicum, produces a mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in culture and its spectrum of antimicrobial activity is broad. Using the original isolate of M. albus as a selection tool, it has been possible to find other culturally and biochemically unique wild-type isolates of this organism existing as endophytes in a variety of other plant species, including Grevillea pterifolia (fern-leafed grevillea), Kennedia nigriscans (snake vine) and Terminalia prostrata (nanka bakarra) growing in the northern reaches of the Northern Territory of Australia. Interestingly, none of the new isolates had a culture morphology that was identical to the original isolate, nevertheless each possessed hyphal characteristics that resembled that isolate. Furthermore, their ITS-5.8S rDNA sequences were 96-99 % identical to that of M. albus and the isolates were considered M. albus on the basis of the DNA sequence data. However, the VOCs produced by these new isolates greatly differed in quality from the original strain by virtue of the production of naphthalene, naphthalene, 1,1'-oxybis-, and one or more other compounds. In bioassays with a range of test micro-organisms, including fungi and bacteria, each isolate possessed biological activity but the range of activity was great. Artificial mixtures of some of the VOCs mimicked the effects of the VOCs of the fungus. The value of these observations to the biology and practical uses of M. albus in agriculture and other applications is discussed.  (+info)

Effects of three nickel salts on germinating seeds of Grevillea exul var. rubiginosa, an endemic serpentine Proteaceae. (7/51)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Serpentine soils are usually quite infertile, arid and toxic, mainly because they contain high levels of heavy metals such as Ni. The aim of the present work was to assess the effects of Ni on the germinating seeds of Grevillea exul var. rubiginosa, an endemic serpentine Proteaceae of New Caledonia. In addition, the distribution of macronutrients and the Ni levels in germinating seeds were examined. METHODS: Seeds were sown in glass Petri dishes and exposed to increasing concentrations of Ni (5 to 500 mg Ni L(-1)) using Ni chloride, Ni sulphate and Ni acetate. The germination percentage and root length were measured after 40 d. Longitudinal frozen sections of germinating seeds growing in the presence of Ni (500 mg L(-1) for all three salts) were used for X-ray microanalysis and X-ray elemental mapping using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). KEY RESULTS: Ni chloride resulted in the greatest reductions in germination and root growth, particularly at 500 mg L(-1), followed by Ni sulphate and Ni acetate. SEM images revealed Ca crystalline structures in the seed coat for all the samples. S/Ca and Mg/P/K/Mn were found to be distributed differently in Ni-treated samples, whereas they all followed the same pattern in the controls. For all three salts, the Ni added to the medium had accumulated in the seed coat, whereas the endosperm seemed to be devoid of Ni. CONCLUSIONS: It is assumed that the seed coat is able to reduce the amount of Ni entering the seed, and that a high level of Ni induced the mobilization of macronutrients.  (+info)

Molecular variation and fingerprinting of Leucadendron cultivars (Proteaceae) by ISSR markers. (8/51)

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: There are more than 80 species of Leucadendron and most are used as cut flowers. Currently, more than 100 cultivars are used by industry and many of them are interspecific hybrids. The origin of most cultivars is unclear and their genetic diversity and relationships have not been studied. This investigation was carried out to evaluate the genetic variation and relationships among 30 Leucadendron cultivars. METHODS: ISSR markers were applied to determine the genetic variation and to discriminate Leucadendron cultivars. Sixty-four ISSR primers were screened and 25 primers were selected for their ability to produce clear and reproducible patterns of multiple bands. KEY RESULTS: A total of 584 bands of 305-2400 bp were amplified, of which 97 % were polymorphic. A dendrogram generated using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average based on a distance measure of total character difference showed that the Leucadendron cultivars clustered into two main groups. Twenty-four of the 30 cultivars can be unequivocally differentiated, but identical profiles were observed for three cultivar pairs, 'Katie's Blush' and 'Silvan Red', 'Highlights' and 'Maui Sunset', and 'Yellow Crest' and 'Yellow Devil'. CONCLUSIONS: ISSR profiling is a powerful method for the identification and molecular classification of Leucadendron cultivars. A fingerprinting key was generated based on the banding patterns produced using two ISSR primers (UBC856 and UBC857). In addition cultivar-specific ISSR bands were obtained for 17 of the 30 Leucadendron cultivars tested.  (+info)

I apologize for any confusion, but "Proteaceae" is not a medical term. It is a botanical term that refers to a family of flowering plants, found primarily in the southern hemisphere, particularly in Australia, South Africa, and South America. The plants in this family are known for their distinctive flowers and hard, woody seeds.

Pollen, in a medical context, refers to the fine powder-like substance produced by the male reproductive organ of seed plants. It contains microscopic grains known as pollen grains, which are transported by various means such as wind, water, or insects to the female reproductive organ of the same or another plant species for fertilization.

Pollen can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, particularly during the spring and summer months when plants release large amounts of pollen into the air. These allergies, also known as hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinitis, can result in symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, congestion, itchy eyes, and coughing.

It is important to note that while all pollen has the potential to cause allergic reactions, certain types of plants, such as ragweed, grasses, and trees, are more likely to trigger symptoms in sensitive individuals.

Brown, R. On the Proteaceae of Jussieu Proceedings of the Linnean Society 10:15-216. Images of Proteaceae from the Australian ... Orchard, Anthony E. (ed.). "Proteaceae". Flora of Australia, Volume 16: Elaeagnaceae, Proteaceae 1. Melbourne: Australian ... Proteaceae flower parts occur in fours, but the four tepals are fused into a long, narrow tube with a closed cup at the top, ... Proteaceae range from prostrate shrubs to tall forest trees, of 40 m in height, and are usually of medium height or low or ...
... : The Evolution and Classification of a Southern Family is a highly influential monograph on the evolution, ... doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1975.tb01644.x. v t e (Botany books, Biology papers, 1975 documents, 1975 in biology, Proteaceae, Works ... Johnson, L. A. S.; Briggs, Barbara G. (1975). "On the Proteaceae: the evolution and classification of a southern family". ... biogeography and taxonomy of the flowering plant family Proteaceae. Authored by Lawrie Johnson and Barbara Briggs, it appeared ...
This is a list of Proteaceae that occur in Australia. It includes all Proteaceae taxa listed as accepted names in the ... Proteaceae". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database (listing of all taxa ... relevant to Australia of the family Proteaceae). Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 26 ...
"The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)" is a 1981 monograph by Alex George on the taxonomy of the plant genus Banksia. Published ... One of the most important contributions of "The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)" was the publication of ten new species and ... George, Alex S. (1981). "The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473. doi:10.58828/nuy00060. ISSN 0085-4417 ...
... , also published as "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu", was a paper written by ... 1827). "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu". Robert Brown's Vermischte botanische Schiften. Vol. 2. pp. 53-346. J. J. Bennett, ed. ( ... 1866-68). "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu". The Miscellaneous Botanical Works of Robert Brown, Esq., D.C.L., F.R.S. Vol. 2. pp. 3 ... It was published as a separate offprint under the title On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae, and then appeared in ...
Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae)" (PDF). Nuytsia. 15 (3): 337-346. doi:10.58828/nuy00403. S2CID 85921580. Archived from the original ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. "Dryandra ser. Aphragma (R.Br.) A. ... Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 313-408. doi:10.58828/nuy00235. S2CID 92008567. George, Alex S. (1999). " ... Mast, Austin R. (1998). "Molecular systematics of subtribe Banksiinae (Banksia and Dryandra; Proteaceae) based on cpDNA and ...
Proteaceae)". Journal of South African Botany. 50 (2): 173-174. "Three-flowered Pagoda". SANBI Red List of South African Plants ... Proteaceae)". Journal of South African Botany. 50 (2): 222-226. "Mimetes pauciflorus R.Br". botany.cz. Rouke, John Patrick ( ... The three-flowered pagoda was described by Robert Brown in a paper called On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae, and ... from the family Proteaceae. It has narrowly to broadly oval leaves of 2½-4 cm (1.0-1.6 in) long and ¾-2 cm (0.3-0.8 in) wide, ...
Proteaceae : Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 377-378. Retrieved 15 May 2020. "Dryandra montana". APNI. Retrieved 15 May 2020 ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). ...
to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret ...
Proteaceae : Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 358-359. Retrieved 8 June 2020. "Banksia tenuis var. reptans". Australian Plant ... Brown, Robert (1810). "On the Proteaceae of Jussieu". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 10 (1): 215. Retrieved 8 ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Gove ... Proteaceae) of Western Australia". Global Change Biology. 14 (6): 1-16. Bibcode:2008GCBio..14.1337F. doi:10.1111/j.1365- ...
Proteaceae:Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 393-398. Retrieved 21 April 2020. "Dryandra lindleyana". APNI. Retrieved 21 April ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). ... Proteaceae) of Western Australia". Global Change Biology. 14 (6): 1-16. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01559.x. Cavanagh, Tony; ...
Proteaceae/28. Banksia#Banksia Victoriae George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473 ... 5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. Meisner, Carl (1855). "New Australian Proteaceae". Hooker's ... Like most other Proteaceae, B. victoriae has proteoid roots, roots with dense clusters of short lateral rootlets that form a ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175-251. ISBN 0-643-06454-0 ...
5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae ... Proteaceae). Banksia is a genus of around 80 species in the plant family Proteaceae. An iconic Australian wildflower and ... Thiele, Kevin R.; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1996). "A Cladistic Analysis of Banksia (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 9 ( ... Proteaceae, 28. Banksia Bentham, George (1870). "Banksia". Flora Australiensis. Vol. ...
Like most other Proteaceae, B. xylothemelia has proteoid roots, roots with dense clusters of short lateral rootlets that form a ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 251-363. ISBN 0-643-06454-0 ... Banksia xylothemelia is a sprawling woody shrub of the family Proteaceae endemic to southern Western Australia, one of the many ... Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 313-408. "Dryandra xylothemelia A.S.George". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI ...
to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. "Banksia heliantha". APNI. ...
Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae)" (PDF). Nuytsia. 15 (3): 337-346. doi:10.58828/nuy00403. S2CID 85921580. Archived from the original ... Proteaceae: Grevilleoideae)". Nuytsia. 10 (3): 313-408. doi:10.58828/nuy00235. S2CID 92008567. George, Alex S. (1999). " ... Mast, Austin R. (1998). "Molecular systematics of subtribe Banksiinae (Banksia and Dryandra; Proteaceae) based on cpDNA and ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. "Dryandra ser. Niveae Benth". ...
George, Alex S. (1984). "Dryandra mimica, a new species of Proteaceae from south-west Western Australia". Nuytsia. 5 (1): 49-51 ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20 (1): 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. (FloraBase ID same as Wikidata ...
17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175- ... In his 1981 monograph The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae), Australian botanist Alex George placed B. sceptrum in B. subg. ... George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473 [335-37]. doi:10.58828/nuy00060. ISSN ... ISBN 978-1-876473-68-6. Meissner, Carl (1856). "Proteaceae: Quercinae: B. coccinea". In de Candolle, A.P (ed.). Prodromus ...
to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret ...
George, A. S. (1981). "The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473. Kitchener, D. J.; Chapman, A. (1980). " ...
5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. George, Alex S. (1999). "Banksia". In Wilson, Annette (ed.). ... In 1981, Alex George published a thorough revision of Banksia in his classic monograph The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae). He ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175- ... Salicinae was first published in 1856, in Carl Meissner's chapter on the Proteaceae in A. P. de Candolle's Prodromus systematis ...
5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. Thiele, Kevin R.; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1996). "A Cladistic ... Proteaceae/28. Banksia#Cyrtostylis "Banksia ser. Cyrtostylis (Benth.) A.S.George". Flora of Australia Online. Department of the ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175- ... In 1981, George published a taxonomic revision of Banksia in The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae). He demoted Cyrtostylis to ...
5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175- ... Banksia is a genus of around 80 species in the plant family Proteaceae. An iconic Australian wildflower and popular garden ... ISBN 0-643-06454-0. Olde, Peter; Neil R. Marriott (2002). "One new Banksia and two new Grevillea species (Proteaceae: ...
Proteaceae)". Journal of South African Botany. 50 (2): 171-236. A.P. de Candole (1857). Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni ... In 1810, Robert Brown in his review called On the natural order of plants called Proteaceae newly described M. pauciflorus, M. ... The individual flower heads contain three to thirty-five flowers, relatively few compared to many other Proteaceae genera. This ... Rourke, John Patrick (1988). "A new species of Mimetes (Proteaceae) from the southern Cape" (PDF). South African Journal of ...
ISBN 0-86417-818-2. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 284-291. Retrieved 22 May ... George, Alex S. (1996). "Notes on Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae). Nuytsia". Nuytsia. 11 (1): 22. Retrieved 22 May 2020. Thiele, ... Proteaceae)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (155): 155. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-155. PMC 3751403. PMID 23957450. (Articles with ... Kevin; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1996). "A Cladistic Analysis of Banksia (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 9 (5): 661-733 ...
to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret ...
17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175-251. ISBN 0-643-06454-0 ... Banksia is a genus of around 175 species in the plant family Proteaceae. An iconic Australian wildflower and popular garden ... George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473. George, Alex S. (1999). "Banksia". In ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. List of Australian plant species ...
In his 1981 monograph The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae), Australian botanist Alex George resurrected B. blechnifolia as a ... ISBN 978-0-85091-143-5. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 239-473 [367, 378-80]. ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Cardillo, Marcel; Pratt, Renae ( ... Thiele, Kevin; Ladiges, Pauline Y. (1996). "A Cladistic Analysis of Banksia (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 9 (5 ...
5: Myoporineae to Proteaceae. London: L. Reeve & Co. pp. 541-562. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae ... 17B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 175- ... First published in 1981 in the classic monograph The genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae), it superseded the arrangement of George ... Banksia is a genus of around 80 species in the plant family Proteaceae. An iconic Australian wildflower and popular garden ...
... grows in sand over laterite, amongst heath dominated by species of Proteaceae and Myrtaceae. It occurs from ... Meissner, Carl; Hooker, William J. (1855). "New Proteaceae of Australia". Hooker's Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany ... to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 20: 63-71. doi:10.1071/SB06016. Fitzpatrick, Matthew C.; Gove, ... Like most other Proteaceae, B. vestita has proteoid roots, roots with dense clusters of short lateral rootlets that form a mat ...
Brown, R. On the Proteaceae of Jussieu Proceedings of the Linnean Society 10:15-216. Images of Proteaceae from the Australian ... Orchard, Anthony E. (ed.). "Proteaceae". Flora of Australia, Volume 16: Elaeagnaceae, Proteaceae 1. Melbourne: Australian ... Proteaceae flower parts occur in fours, but the four tepals are fused into a long, narrow tube with a closed cup at the top, ... Proteaceae range from prostrate shrubs to tall forest trees, of 40 m in height, and are usually of medium height or low or ...
Meaning of Proteaceae. What does Proteaceae mean? Information and translations of Proteaceae in the most comprehensive ... Definition of Proteaceae in the Definitions.net dictionary. ... What does Proteaceae mean?. Definitions for Proteaceae. pro· ... Proteaceae, family Proteaceae, protea familynoun. large family of Australian and South African shrubs and trees with leathery ... Proteaceae. The Proteaceae are a family of flowering plants distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises about ...
Explore the Proteaceae plant collection on this guided walk at the Ruth Bancroft Garden. ... Prerequisite: (Webinar) Dry Garden Botany- Proteaceae. Explore the Proteaceae plant collection on this guided walk at the Ruth ... Workshop) Dry Garden Botany- Proteaceae. Saturday, January 14 @ 1:00 pm - 2:30 pm. $20.00 - $30.00 ...
Proteaceae of New South Wales by Harden, Gwen Hardin, David W. Godden, Dianne C. published by University of NSW Press, 2000 ... A Guide to Cultivated Species and Varieties Proteaceae of New South Wales Proteaceae of the Sydney Region Ramsay, Caird and ... Proteaceae of New South Wales. Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Editors. Gwen Harden, David Hardin & Dianne Godden,Includes a ...
Despite a long history of research, comparative analyses in the Proteaceae and macadamia breeding programs are restricted by a ... This study presents the first available genomic resources for the large basal eudicot family Proteaceae, access to most ... Cyanogenesis is an important defense strategy in the Proteaceae, and a detailed analysis of macadamia gene homologues ... Macadamia is the most economically important Proteaceae crop and represents an ancient rainforest-restricted lineage. The ...
Ramification has little impact on shoot hydraulic efficiency in the sexually dimorphic genus Leucadendron (Proteaceae) All ... The study "Hydraulic constraints of reproduction do not explain sexual dimorphism in the genus Leucadendron (Proteaceae)" by ... Proteaceae) (v0.1). PeerJ https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.6835v0.1/reviews/1 ... Proteaceae) (v0.1). PeerJ https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.6835v0.1/reviews/2 ...
... Sample information. Sample ID. 63-1-20. Species. diminuta. Genus. Grevillea. Family. PROTEACEAE ...
Mga pakli ha kaarangay nga "Proteaceae". Ini nga kaarangay mayda han amo la nga nasunod nga pakli. ... Ginkuha tikang ha "https://war.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kaarangay:Proteaceae&oldid=5984146" ...
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PROTEACEAE. Search. Google. Morphology. Pollen / Spore. pollen. Morphologic type. triporate Surface pattern. rugulate ... Grevillea pyramidalis PROTEACEAE. Sample information. Sample ID. 65-1-50a. Species. pyramidalis. Genus. Grevillea. Family. ...
Wildflowers Home , All Wildflowers , Proteaceae , Adenanthos. Proteaceae Adenanthos Your selection of wildflowers is shown ... Classification: Proteaceae - Adenanthos - argyreus Erect,compact shrub, to 1.2 m high. Fl. red/pink, Feb or May to Dec. White, ... Classification: Proteaceae - Adenanthos - sericeus Woollybush grows as an upright, spreading shrub, but can be a small tree up ... Classification: Proteaceae - Adenanthos - venosus A straggling low shrub. Leaves are broadly oval ending in a point with ...
The National Ecological Observatory Network is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. ...
Provides authoritative information on the flora of Western Australia
Proteaceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph, v.100, p.1-218. PRANCE, G.T. & PIRANI, J.R. Proteaceae in Flora e .... Leia Mais ... Proteaceae. Flora Neotropica Monograph, v.100, p.1-218. PRANCE, G.T. & PIRANI, J.R. Proteaceae in Flora e .... Leia Mais ... Familia Proteaceae. Euplassa inaequalis (Pohl) Engl.. Fruta-de-morcego, morcegueira Árvore inerme, subcaducifólia, semi- ... Proteaceae. In WANDERLEY, M.G.L. et al. (eds.) Flora fanerogâmica do Estado de São Paulo, v.2, p.269-278 .... Leia Mais ...
Wikipedia: Proteaceae. Plants of the World Online: Proteaceae. Tropicos: Proteaceae. Home. ,. List of families. ,. Proteaceae. ... Flora of Caprivi: Proteaceae. Flora of Malawi: Proteaceae. Flora of Mozambique: Proteaceae. Flora of Zambia: Proteaceae. Flora ... iNaturalist: Proteaceae. IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Proteaceae. JSTOR Plant Science: Proteaceae. Mansfeld World ... Proteaceae - Protea family. Brummitt, R.K. & Marner, S.K. (1993) Proteaceae Flora of Tropical East Africa ...
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Line engraving by Gabriel Smith after Sydney Parkinson (1770) and James Miller. Joseph Banks and his party saw this species at: Botany Bay, Australia (28 April - 6 May 1770) Endeavour River, Australia (17 June - 4 August 1770). Edition No 83/100. Unframed.. Mount size - 570mm x 740mm. Certificate of Authenticity - No. Each collection was originally sold as a set, therefore individual Certificates of Authenticity were never issued by the Publisher.. Each engraving is identified by a blind embossed stamp on the recto, recording the publishers and printers chops (ie: their signatures), the copyright symbol and date. The initials of the individual printer, the plate number and the edition number are recorded in pencil. The plate-marks are virtually uniform in size: 18 x 12 inches (457 x 305 mm), and the paper is Somerset mould-made 300gsm, each sheet watermarked AHE and produced specially for this edition by the Inveresk Paper Company. The sheet of paper on which the image is printed measures ...
Welcome to Muchea Tree Farm. We are situated in a small town of Muchea, 50 km north of Perth, Western Australia. Our specialties include native farm trees, proteas, shrubs, ground covers - thousands of different plants ...
Fill your Delivery Box with Great Outdoor Australian Native Plant Varieties. Grow Native flowering bushes and shrubs in your Garden. Buy Online.
Published in Muelleria, in 1981, in volume 4, issue 4, pages 423-427. Date published:1981 ...
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Diverse organ-specific localisation of a chemical defence, cyanogenic glycosides, in flowers of eleven species of Proteaceae. ... Genome and transcriptome sequencing characterises the gene space of Macadamia integrifolia (Proteaceae). Overview of attention ...
Banksia is a genus in the Proteaceae (the Protea Family), and most of them are shrubs, like the Banksia heliantha. ... We also stock a wide range of other waterwise plants, including the largest selection of Proteaceae in Northern California. ...
Ferdi B Dick, Proteaceae (organism), 2019, 150 mm x 90 mm_white_01. ... Ferdi B Dick, Proteaceae (organism), 2019, 150 mm x 90 mm white 01 polished bronze protea sculpture ...
... the dominance of Myrtaceae Proteaceae, sclerophylls, and their pollination systems, origins and unique aspects; Australian ... the dominance of Myrtaceae Proteaceae, sclerophylls, and their pollination systems, origins and unique aspects; Australian ...
Proteaceae USDA hardiness Coming soon Known Hazards None known Habitats Heaths and dry sclerophyll forests in sandy stony soils ...
  • Volume 017 A: Proteaceae 2, Grevillea. (koeltz.com)
  • The name Proteaceae was adapted by Robert Brown from the name Proteae coined in 1789 for the family by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu, based on the genus Protea, which in 1767 Carl Linnaeus derived from the name of the Greek god Proteus, a deity who was able to change between many forms. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cultivation and Diseases of Proteaceae: Leucadendron, Leucospermum and Protea. (koeltz.com)
  • The macadamia nut or Australian nut is the seed of an evergreen tree ( Macadamia integrifolia ), belonging to the Proteaceae family, which can reach up to 20m. (botanical-online.com)
  • Host plants are restricted to Macadamia species, with Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche (Proteaceae) being grown in Hawaii for nut production. (bvsalud.org)
  • citation needed] The genera of Proteaceae are highly varied, with Banksia in particular providing a striking example of adaptive radiation in plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteaceae range from prostrate shrubs to tall forest trees, of 40 m in height, and are usually of medium height or low or perennial shrubs, except for some Stirlingia species that are herbs. (wikipedia.org)
  • Telopea speciosissima, the New South Wales waratah, is an Australian endemic woody shrub in the family Proteaceae. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Proteaceae /ˌproʊtiˈeɪsiː/ form a family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteaceae is a large family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere including Africa, Australia, and South America. (definitions.net)
  • The Proteaceae are a family of flowering plants distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. (definitions.net)
  • The chromosome-level T. speciosissima reference genome (Tspe_v1) provides an important new genomic resource of Proteaceae to support the conservation of flora in Australia and further afield. (bvsalud.org)
  • Volume 017 B: Proteaceae 3: Hakea to Dryandra. (koeltz.com)
  • This dictionary definitions page includes all the possible meanings, example usage and translations of the word Proteaceae . (definitions.net)
  • Correction Form: Proteaceae Juss. (wa.gov.au)
  • Carl Linnaeus, the father of taxonomy, named this genus in 1735 after Proteus, a god in Greek mythology who could change into many forms, like the many different forms of the Proteaceae family. (plantzafrica.com)
  • Makadamia is 'n genus van vier spesies van bome inheems aan Australië wat deel uitmaak van die plantfamilie Proteaceae . (wikipedia.org)
  • Proteas come in a variety of sizes and colors and are members of the Proteaceae family, a genus of 130 species of African shrubs. (flowershopnetwork.com)
  • A plant genus of the family PROTEACEAE which causes CONTACT DERMATITIS . (nih.gov)
  • Una de las Proteas con más posibilidad de estar involucrado en este desarrollo es el género Leucadendron. (bvsalud.org)
  • Los resultados más relevantes mostraron que el mejor sustrato para el enraizamiento de estacas de Leucadendron fue la vermiculita, en ambas localidades. (bvsalud.org)