Paracentrotus
Sea Urchins
Echinodermata
Mediterranean Sea
Embryo, Nonmammalian
Characterization of sea urchin transglutaminase, a protein regulated by guanine/adenine nucleotides. (1/24)
Transglutaminases (TGs) are calcium-dependent enzymes that catalyze the transamidation of glutamine residues to form intermolecular isopeptide bonds. Nine distinct TGs have been identified in mammals, and three of them (types 2, 3, and 5) are regulated by GTP/ATP and are able to hydrolyze GTP, working as bifunctional enzymes. We have isolated a cDNA clone encoding a TG from a cDNA library prepared from the blastula stage of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (PlTG). The cDNA sequence has an open reading frame coding for a protein of 738 amino acids, including a Cys active site and two other residues critical for catalytic activity, His and Asp. We have studied its expression pattern by in situ hybridization and have also demonstrated that the in vitro expressed PlTG had GTP- and ATP-hydrolyzing activity; moreover, GTP inhibited the transamidating activity of this enzyme as it does that of human TG2, TG3, and TG5. (+info)Nuclear envelope assembly is promoted by phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C with selective recruitment of phosphatidylinositol-enriched membranes. (2/24)
Nuclear envelope (NE) formation in a cell-free egg extract proceeds by precursor membrane vesicle binding to chromatin in an ATP-dependent manner, followed by a GTP-induced NE assembly step. The requirement for GTP in the latter step of this process can be mimicked by addition of bacterial PI-PLC [phosphoinositide (PtdIns)-specific phospholipase C]. The NE assembly process is here dissected in relation to the requirement for endogenous phosphoinositide metabolism, employing recombinant eukaryotic PI-PLC, inhibitors and direct phospholipid analysis using ESI-MS (electrospray ionization mass spectrometry). PtdIns (phosphatidylinositol) species analysis by ESI-MS indicates that the chromatin-bound NE precursor vesicles are enriched for specific PtdIns species. Moreover, during GTP-induced precursor vesicle fusion, the membrane vesicles become partially depleted of the PtdIns 18:0/20:4 species. These data indicate that eukaryotic PI-PLC can support NE formation, and the sensitivity to exogenous recombinant PtdIns-5-phosphatases shows that the endogenous PLC hydrolyses a 5-phosphorylated species. It is shown further that the downstream target of this DAG (diacylglycerol) pathway does not involve PKC (protein kinase C) catalytic function, but is mimicked by phorbol esters, indicating a possible engagement of one of the non-PKC phorbol ester receptors. The results show that ESI-MS can be used as a sensitive means to measure the lipid composition of biological membranes and their changes during, for example, membrane fusogenic events. We have exploited this and the intervention studies to illustrate a pivotal role for PI-PLC and its product DAG in the formation of NEs. (+info)Toxicity of recombinant beta-amyloid prefibrillar oligomers on the morphogenesis of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. (3/24)
A distinctive feature of Alzheimer's disease is the deposition of amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) in senile or diffuse plaques. The 42 residue beta-peptide (Abeta42) is the predominant form found in plaques. In the present work we report a high-yield expression and purification method of production of a recombinant Abeta42. The purified recombinant peptide shows characteristics similar to the synthetic human peptide. Different size aggregates, either small oligomers or larger aggregates, were obtained upon dissolving the recombinant Abeta42 peptide under different conditions at pH 7.2 or pH 3, respectively. We report a new toxicity assay on the morphogenic development of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and study the toxicity of the two kinds of aggregates. Despite the difference between the ionic strength of human extracellular fluid (0.154 mol/l) and artificial sea water (0.48 mol/l), toxicity data collected in this system have an intrinsic relevance. The different ionic strength, in fact, could change the kinetics of oligomer formation, but the effect of morphogenic development reported here is related to the final oligomer sizes. Results of the toxicity assay of Abeta42 on sea urchin development also show a dose-dependent effect. After only 4 h of embryo development, one can note morphological defects in the cell membrane. Retardation of the embryo's development, along with cellular disorders visible inside the blastocoele, can be observed after 1 day of development. Cellular degeneration in two different pathological phenotypes-the occluded blastulae and the occluded prism-is present after 48 h of development. Results show that a greater effect on cell death is induced by the small oligomers stabilized under physiological conditions than at acid pH. In this case only occluded blastulae are found after 48 h of development. (+info)First cell cycles of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus are dramatically impaired by exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field. (4/24)
Exposure of fertilized eggs of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus to an electromagnetic field of 75-Hz frequency and low amplitudes (from 0.75 to 2.20 mT of magnetic component) leads to a dramatic loss of synchronization of the first cell cycle, with formation of anomalous embryos linked to irregular separation of chromatids during the mitotic events. Because acetylcholinesterase (ACHE) is thought to regulate the embryonic first developmental events of the sea urchin, its enzymatic activity was assayed in embryo homogenates and decreased by 48% when the homogenates were exposed to the same pulsed field. This enzymatic inactivation had a threshold of about 0.75 +/- 0.01 mT. The same field threshold was found for the effect on the formation of anomalous embryos of P. lividus. Moreover, ACHE inhibitors seem to induce the same teratological effects as those caused by the field, while blockers of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors are able to antagonize those effects. We conclude that one of the main causes of these dramatic effects on the early development of the sea urchin by field exposure could be the accumulation of ACh due to ACHE inactivation. The crucial role of the membrane in determining the conditions for enzyme inactivation is discussed. (+info)Nemo-like kinase (NLK) acts downstream of Notch/Delta signalling to downregulate TCF during mesoderm induction in the sea urchin embryo. (5/24)
Studies in Caenorhabditis elegans and vertebrates have established that the MAP kinase-related protein NLK counteracts Wnt signalling by downregulating the transcription factor TCF. Here, we present evidence that during early development of the sea urchin embryo, NLK is expressed in the mesodermal precursors in response to Notch signalling and directs their fate by downregulating TCF. The expression pattern of nlk is strikingly similar to that of Delta and the two genes regulate the expression of each other. nlk overexpression, like ectopic activation of Notch signalling, provoked massive formation of mesoderm and associated epithelial mesenchymal transition. NLK function was found to be redundant with that of the MAP kinase ERK during mesoderm formation and to require the activity of the activating kinase TAK1. In addition, the sea urchin NLK, like its vertebrate counterpart, antagonizes the activity of the transcription factor TCF. Finally, activating the expression of a TCF-VP16 construct at blastula stages strongly inhibits endoderm and mesoderm formation, indicating that while TCF activity is required early for launching the endomesoderm gene regulatory network, it has to be downregulated at blastula stage in the mesodermal lineage. Taken together, our results indicate that the evolutionarily conserved TAK/NLK regulatory pathway has been recruited downstream of the Notch/Delta pathway in the sea urchin to switch off TCF-beta-catenin signalling in the mesodermal territory, allowing precursors of this germ layer to segregate from the endomesoderm. (+info)Cloning of the sea urchin mitochondrial RNA polymerase and reconstitution of the transcription termination system. (6/24)
Termination of transcription is a key process in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression in animal cells. To investigate transcription termination in sea urchin mitochondria, we cloned the mitochondrial RNA polymerase (mtRNAP) of Paracentrotus lividus and used a recombinant form of the enzyme in a reconstituted transcription system, in the presence of the DNA-binding protein mtDBP. Cloning of mtRNAP was performed by a combination of PCR with degenerate primers and library screening. The enzyme contains 10 phage-like conserved motifs, two pentatricopeptide motifs and a serine-rich stretch. The protein expressed in insect cells supports transcription elongation in a promoter-independent assay. Addition of recombinant mtDBP caused arrest of the transcribing mtRNAP when the enzyme approached the mtDBP-binding site in the direction of transcription of mtDNA l-strand. When the polymerase encountered the protein-binding site in the opposite direction, termination occurred in a protein-independent manner, inside the mtDBP-binding site. Pulse-chase experiments show that mtDBP caused true transcription termination rather than pausing. These data indicate that mtDBP acts as polar termination factor and suggest that transcription termination in sea urchin mitochondria could take place by two alternative modes based on protein-mediated or sequence-dependent mechanisms. (+info)Promoter activity of the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) nucleosomal H3 and H2A and linker H1 {alpha}-histone genes is modulated by enhancer and chromatin insulator. (7/24)
(+info)Nodal and BMP2/4 pattern the mesoderm and endoderm during development of the sea urchin embryo. (8/24)
(+info)I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Paracentrotus" is not a medical term. It is actually the genus name for a specific group of sea urchins, including the common sea urchin "Paracentrotus lividus." I believe there may be some confusion with the term you are looking for. If you have a different term in mind, please provide it so I can give you an accurate definition.
I'm happy to help! However, it seems there might be a bit of confusion here. "Sea urchins" is a common name that refers to a type of marine invertebrate animal, typically characterized by their round, spiny shells. They belong to the class Echinoidea within the phylum Echinodermata.
Medically speaking, there isn't a specific definition for "sea urchins." However, if you come into contact with sea urchins while swimming or diving and accidentally step on them, their spines can puncture your skin and potentially cause an infection. In this case, medical attention may be necessary to remove the embedded spines and treat any resulting infection.
If you were referring to a specific medical term related to sea urchins, could you please clarify? I'm here to help!
Echinodermata is a phylum in the animal kingdom that includes various marine organisms such as sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle stars, and sea cucumbers. The name Echinodermata comes from the Greek words "echinos," meaning spiny, and "derma," meaning skin, which refers to the characteristic spiny skin of many echinoderms.
Echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical as larvae but become radially symmetrical as adults, with their bodies organized around a central axis. They have a unique water vascular system that helps them move and respire, and most species have specialized structures called pedicellariae that help them clean and defend themselves.
Echinoderms are also known for their ability to regenerate lost body parts, and some species can even undergo asexual reproduction through fragmentation. They play important ecological roles in marine ecosystems, including grazing on algae and other organisms, breaking down organic matter, and serving as prey for larger animals.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but the term "Mediterranean Sea" is a geographical term referring to the body of water located between Europe and Africa, and it is not a medical term. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Strait of Gibraltar in the west and to the Red Sea through the Suez Canal in the east. The Mediterranean Sea is known for its unique climate and biodiversity. If you have any questions related to medical or health topics, I would be happy to try to help with those!
A nonmammalian embryo refers to the developing organism in animals other than mammals, from the fertilized egg (zygote) stage until hatching or birth. In nonmammalian species, the developmental stages and terminology differ from those used in mammals. The term "embryo" is generally applied to the developing organism up until a specific stage of development that is characterized by the formation of major organs and structures. After this point, the developing organism is referred to as a "larva," "juvenile," or other species-specific terminology.
The study of nonmammalian embryos has played an important role in our understanding of developmental biology and evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo). By comparing the developmental processes across different animal groups, researchers can gain insights into the evolutionary origins and diversification of body plans and structures. Additionally, nonmammalian embryos are often used as model systems for studying basic biological processes, such as cell division, gene regulation, and pattern formation.
An ovum is the female reproductive cell, or gamete, produced in the ovaries. It is also known as an egg cell and is released from the ovary during ovulation. When fertilized by a sperm, it becomes a zygote, which can develop into a fetus. The ovum contains half the genetic material necessary to create a new individual.
Paracentrotus
Paracentrotus lividus
Sea urchin
Echinoderm
Azinphos-methyl
Echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code
Marine coastal ecosystem
Póvoa de Varzim beaches
Roe
Zostera marina
Sphaerechinus granularis
Bald sea urchin disease
Lough Hyne
Caulerpa racemosa
Sterechinus neumayeri
Apletodon dentatus
Tegnue
Arraial do Cabo Marine Extractive Reserve
List of MeSH codes (B01)
List of British Isles rockpool life
Palma Aquarium
Echinacea (animal)
Arvoredo Marine Biological Reserve
List of echinoderms of Ireland
Euechinoidea
Hemimycale columella
Camarodonta
Echinoida
Carinacea
Arbacia lixula
Paracentrotus - Wikipedia
Isolation and characterization of a Paracentrotus lividus cDNA encoding a stress-inducible chaperonin
STORRE: Research and development of hatchery techniques to optimise juvenile production of the edible Sea Urchin, Paracentrotus...
From Harmful Algal Blooms to Ocean Acidification: unravelling mechanisms to cope with a changing environment in Paracentrotus...
Toxic and essential metals determination in commercial seafood: Paracentrotus lividus by ICP-MS
Impact of microplastics and ocean acidification on critical stages of sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) early development -...
Promoter activity of the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) nucleosomal H3 and H2A and linker H1 a-histone genes is modulated...
CO2 leakage simulation: effects of the pH decrease on fertilisation and larval development of Paracentrotus lividus and...
Su Ürünleri Dergisi » Makale » Quantitative and qualitative observations of European sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus,...
Program for Monday, August 29th
Frontiers | Population Density, Reproduction Cycle and Nutritional Value of Sphaerechinus granularis (Echinodermata: Echinoidea...
Inter Research » MEPS » v116
SEA URCHIN SHELL
Marine Drugs | Special Issue : Marine Bioactive Compounds Acting on Animal Reproduction
Underwater Photo Contest Entries From The Mediterranean Sea
Hepatitis E Virus Infections in Free-Ranging and Captive Cetaceans, Spain, 2011-2022 - Volume 28, Number 12-December 2022 -...
Scientists describe the complex behavior of sea urchins regarding the predators 'threat
Cells | Free Full-Text | Nicotine Induces Polyspermy in Sea Urchin Eggs through a Non-Cholinergic Pathway Modulating Actin...
Fallon & Byrne: Le Mareviglie Sea Urchin Cream 55G
Male chromosomes of sea urchin hybrid andromerogones created with cryopreserved sperm
Gut weed (Ulva intestinalis) - MarLIN - The Marine Life Information Network
Weekly Climate and Energy News Roundup #215 • Watts Up With That?
UVigoTV - Intervención de Dª. Aida Fernández
UVigoTV - Presentation of Iratxe Rubio
WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - IMIS
Pubblicazioni | ANTONIO PALUMBO PICCIONELLO | Università degli Studi di Palermo
Home - Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
Events - Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
Urchin Paracentrotus lividus13
- Fatty acid profiles during gametogenesis in sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus): Effects of dietary inputs on gonad, egg and embryo profiles. (stir.ac.uk)
- Evaluation of flow through culture technique for sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larvae commercial production. (stir.ac.uk)
- Effects of dietary microalgae on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus throughout larval development. (stir.ac.uk)
- This PhD investigated key constraints in edible sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) juvenile production with the aim to improve commercial sea urchin hatchery outputs. (stir.ac.uk)
- Enhancer and insulator flank the sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) a-histone H2A transcription unit in a tandem repeated cluster containing the five histone genes. (unipa.it)
- Stocking density and captive sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) gamete production and fertilization (Report). (egejfas.org)
- A study about the gonad productivity and the indices changes of sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck, 1816) These Doct. (egejfas.org)
- Year-round captive spawning performance of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus: relevance for the use of its larvae as live feed. (egejfas.org)
- In Southern Europe, the most valuable and harvested species is the European purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus , but there is a growing interest to explore other edible species like the blunt sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis . (frontiersin.org)
- Toxicity: There are data for 3 trophic levels, most sensitive Sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) NOEC 2 microg/L. (janusinfo.se)
- In this study, we explored this protein family in the Mediterranean Sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus . (preprints.org)
- The sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, the dominant herbivore of shallow Mediterranean seascapes, is capable of precipitating shifts to barrens when its populations explode. (csic.es)
- During his PhD project, he studied the marine model organism sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus in order to create a molecular tool for the study of programmed cell death. (ualg.pt)
Lividus sea urchin2
- The effects of the CO 2 -related acidification, associated with unpredictable leaks of CO 2 during the operational phases were studied using the Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin-liquid-phase-assays (fertilisation and embryo-larval development tests). (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
- paracentrotus lividus sea urchin gonads, water, salt. (fallonandbyrne.com)
Urchins1
- 2005) found higher abundances of white seabream Diplodus sargus , two-banded seabream Diplodus vulgaris and gilt-head seabream Sparus aurata , but similar abundance of sea urchins Paracentrotus lividus around a breakwater with restricted harvesting, compared with two unrestricted breakwaters. (conservationevidence.com)
Larval1
- Larval abundance, recruitment and early mortality in Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea). (egejfas.org)
Arbacia1
- Maturation des gonades te cycle Saisonnier des larves chez Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus et P. microtuberculatus (Echinides) a Villefranche-sar-Mer. (egejfas.org)
Shallow1
- Tillin, H.M. . 2016 Coralline crusts and Paracentrotus lividus in shallow eulittoral rockpools . (plymsea.ac.uk)
Gonad1
- Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi'nde (Türkiye'nin batısı) yaygın bulunan echinoderm türlerinden Paracentrotus lividus' un fekondite ve gonad indeksi özetlenmiştir. (egejfas.org)
Species1
- For that, I apply both molecular and physiological approaches to characterize the TRH pathway in two sea urchin species ( Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Paracentrotus lividus ) and in the sea star Patiria miniata . (szn.it)
Mediterranean1
- The Paracentrotus lividus or sea urchin is a herbivorous animal with long and robust spines that lives in the rocky seabeds and marine phanerogamic meadows of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. (csic.es)
Pollution1
- The objective of this work was to determine the combined impact of microplastic pollution and ocean acidification on the early development of Paracentrotus lividus . (news-oceanacidification-icc.org)
Purple sea1
- european flat oyster and purple sea urchin ( Ostrea edulis , Paracentrotus lividus ) were collected. (archipelago.gr)
Production1
- Ledireach J.-P. (1987) La peche des oursins en Mediterranee: historique, techniques, legislation, production. (echinologia.com)
Comparison1
- Comparison of spawning induction techniques on Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echonidea) broodstock. (egejfas.org)
Lividus35
- Paracentrotus lividus is a globular sea urchin of up to 7 cm in diameter. (european-marine-life.org)
- Paracentrotus lividus is found in the Atlantic Ocean up to West Ireland, rarer in the English Channel, and in the Mediterranean Sea. (european-marine-life.org)
- Données de distribution : Paracentrotus lividus in GBIF Secretariat (2019). (european-marine-life.org)
- Bay-Nouailhat A., September 2005, Description of Paracentrotus lividus, [On line] https://european-marine-life.org/30/paracentrotus-lividus.php, consulted on 2023 December 11. (european-marine-life.org)
- in the first one we evaluated the effects of four larval dietary treatments on the survival and growth of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, larvae and post-larvae. (stir.ac.uk)
- The 15,697-nucleotide sequence of Paracentrotus lividus mitochondrial DNA is reported. (nih.gov)
- This study evaluated the effects of recreational Paracentrotus lividus fishing on average density and size of this edible sea urchin, and itsindirect effects on Arbacia lixula on barren substrates of Ustica Island MPA (SW Italy, Mediterranean Sea). (rac-spa.org)
- Hridinski ježinac Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) i crni ježinac Arbacia lixula (Linnaeus, 1758) najčešći su bodljikaši u plitkom priobalnom području Jadranskog mora. (unizg.hr)
- Ciljevi ovog rada bili su istražiti odnos između ježinaca Paracentrotus lividus, Arbacia lixula i predatorskih riba s obzirom na izloženost i nagib spram podloge i utvrđivanje odnosa između istraživanih ježinca. (unizg.hr)
- The effects of dietary fatty acids on the composition of Paracentrotus lividus gonads were investigated to determine whether dietary inputs affect their relative abundance during gametogenesis. (uhi.ac.uk)
- Bu çalışmada, Ege Denizi'nde (Türkiye'nin batısı) yaygın bulunan echinoderm türlerinden Paracentrotus lividus' un fekondite ve gonad indeksi özetlenmiştir. (egejfas.org)
- Çeşme kıyısal alandan aylık olarak Paracentrotus lividus toplanarak biyometrik ölçümleri yapıldıktan sonra kesme işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. (egejfas.org)
- Maturation des gonades te cycle Saisonnier des larves chez Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus et P. microtuberculatus (Echinides) a Villefranche-sar-Mer. (egejfas.org)
- Croissance de la larve de l'oursin Paracentrotus lividus. (egejfas.org)
- Stocking density and captive sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) gamete production and fertilization (Report). (egejfas.org)
- Comparison of spawning induction techniques on Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata: Echonidea) broodstock. (egejfas.org)
- Paracentrotus lividus a long-term experiment at a pilot scale. (egejfas.org)
- A study about the gonad productivity and the indices changes of sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus Lamarck, 1816) These Doct. (egejfas.org)
- Larval abundance, recruitment and early mortality in Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea). (egejfas.org)
- Year-round captive spawning performance of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus: relevance for the use of its larvae as live feed. (egejfas.org)
- We recently characterized an antimicrobial peptide that was called Paracentrin 1 from the 5-kDa peptide fraction from the coelomocyte cytosol of the Paracentrotus lividus . (springeropen.com)
- In a recent study, the antimicrobial activity of a 5-kDa peptide fraction from coelomocyte cytosol (5-CC) of the Paracentrotus lividus, the sea-urchin from Mediterranean sea , was demonstrated in relation to a group of important human pathogens. (springeropen.com)
- In Southern Europe, the most valuable and harvested species is the European purple sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus , but there is a growing interest to explore other edible species like the blunt sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis . (frontiersin.org)
- Cirino P., Ciaravolo M., Paglialonga A., Toscano A. (2017) Long-term maintenance of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus in culture. (szn.it)
- Fertilization in Paracentrotus lividus. (szn.it)
- Spawning of gametes in Paracentrotus lividus. (szn.it)
- A long-term laboratory maintenance system for promoting out-of-season maturation in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816). (szn.it)
- 14. A wnt2 ortholog in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. (nih.gov)
- Artificial communities, composed by juveniles of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus and calcifying ( Corallina elongata ) and non-calcifying ( Cystoseira amentacea var stricta , Dictyota dichotoma ) macroalgae, were subjected to p CO 2 levels of 390, 550, 750 and 1000 µatm in the laboratory. (plos.org)
- The Bruker XFlash ® FlatQUAD is specifically designed to overcome such limitations, as demonstrated in the present example of a sea urchin (Paracentrotus Lividus) from the Aegean Sea near Athens, Greece. (bruker.com)
- Tillin, H.M. . 2016 Coralline crusts and Paracentrotus lividus in shallow eulittoral rockpools . (plymsea.ac.uk)
- Triphenyltin alters androgen metabolism in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. (ncats.io)
- Paracentrotus lividus (sea urchin) DNA was obtained by extrac- tion with 3 m NaCl of a sperm homogenate, kindly supplied by Dr. R. Hinegardner. (nih.gov)
- Here, we report a large-scale analysis of the GRN deployed in response to the activity of this signaling center in the embryos of the Mediterranean sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, in which studies with high spatial resolution are possible. (echinobase.org)
- Metal concentrations in seawater, sediments and mussels ( Mytilus galloprovincialis ) versus embryo- larval bioassays using Paracentrotus lividus and Ciona intestinalis . (uvigo.es)
Urchin1
- Paracentrotus is a genus of sea urchin in the family Parechinidae described in 1903 by Mortensen. (wikipedia.org)