Occlusal Adjustment
Jaw Relation Record
Occlusal Splints
Siloxanes
Dental Impression Materials
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders
Temporomandibular Joint
Temporomandibular Joint Disc
Facial Pain
Initial prosthetic treatment. (1/16)
This article describes measures designed to provide short-term solutions to existing RPD problems and to establish an optimum oral environment for the provision of definitive prostheses. (+info)Good occlusal practice in simple restorative dentistry. (2/16)
Many theories and philosophies of occlusion have been developed. 1-12 The difficulty in scientifically validating the various approaches to providing an occlusion is that an 'occlusion' can only be judged against the reaction it may or may not produce in a tissue system (eg dental, alveolar, periodontal or articulatory). Because of this, the various theories and philosophies are essentially untested and so lack the scientific validity necessary to make them 'rules'. Often authors will present their own firmly held opinions as 'rules'. This does not mean that these approaches are to be ignored; they are, after all, the distillation of the clinical experience of many different operators over many years. But they are empirical. In developing these guidelines the authors have unashamedly drawn on this body of perceived wisdom, but we would also like to involve and challenge the reader by asking basic questions, and by applying a common sense approach to a subject that can be submerged under a sea of dictate and dogma. (+info)Good occlusal practice in advanced restorative dentistry. (3/16)
In most patients the existing occlusal scheme will be functional, comfortable and cosmetic; and so if a tooth or teeth need to be restored, the most appropriate way to provide the restoration(s) would be to adopt a 'conformative' approach: that is to provide treatment within the existing envelope of static and dynamic occlusal relationships. There will, however, be situations where the conformative approach cannot be adopted, and this section aims to describe what is 'Good Occlusal Practice' in these circumstances. (+info)Occlusal considerations in periodontics. (4/16)
Periodontal disease does not directly affect the occluding surfaces of teeth, consequently some may find a section on periodontics a surprising inclusion. Trauma from the occlusion, however, has been linked with periodontal disease for many years. Karolyi published his pioneering paper, in 1901 'Beobachtungen uber Pyorrhoea alveolaris' (occlusal stress and 'alveolar pyorrhoea'). (1) However, despite extensive research over many decades, the role of occlusion in the aetiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontitis is still not completely understood. (+info)The cracked tooth syndrome. (5/16)
The purpose of this article is to review the clinical features, diagnosis and management of the cracked tooth syndrome (CTS). The condition refers to an incomplete fracture of a vital posterior tooth that occasionally extends into the pulp. A lack of awareness of the condition coupled with its varied clinical features can make diagnosis of CTS difficult. Common symptoms include an uncomfortable sensation or pain from a tooth that occurs while chewing hard foods and which ceases when the pressure is withdrawn. The patient is often unable to identify the offending tooth or quadrant involved, and may report a history of numerous dental procedures with unsatisfactory results. Successful diagnosis and management requires an awareness of the existence of CTS and the appropriate diagnostic tests. Management options depend on the nature of the symptoms and extent of the lesion. These options include routine monitoring, occlusal adjustments, placement of a cast restoration and endodontic treatment. A decision flowchart indicating the treatment options available to the dental practitioner is presented. (+info)Occlusal interferences in orthodontic patients before and after treatment, and in subjects with minor orthodontic treatment need. (6/16)
Different opinions have been expressed concerning the effect of orthodontic treatment on mandibular function. One factor discussed is occlusal interferences. The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of occlusal interferences in 210 orthodontic patients before (mean age 12 years 8 months) and after (mean age 16 years 10 months) treatment and to compare them with subjects with minor orthodontic treatment need. The results showed a decrease in retruded contact position/intercuspal position (RCP/ICP) interferences in all morphological deviations, age, and gender groups. The prevalence of mediotrusion interferences decreased in some types of malocclusions whilst in others there was no change. One reason for this is that treatment was started when the majority of the patients had no second or third molars erupted. At the final registration, the second molars were erupted in all patients, and the third molars were erupted in approximately 25 per cent. Mediotrusion interferences were more consistent with basal morphological deviations, for example, Class III relationships and anterior open bite were more consistent in the same person, and more difficult to eliminate than RCP/ICP interferences. RCP/ICP interferences, often caused by dental deviation in position, size, and shape, were easier to correct. Optimal orthodontic treatment, if necessary, including selective grinding, will decrease the prevalence of occlusal interferences. (+info)Assessment of treatment for functional posterior cross-bites in patients at the deciduous dentition phase. (7/16)
The aim of this study was to clinically assess the results of treatment for functional posterior cross-bites by means of selective grinding in individuals at the deciduous dentition phase over a period of 12 months. From a total of 1,011 children examined in the 2-to-6-year age bracket, 26 with functional posterior cross-bites were selected. The sample was divided into 2 groups of 13 children each, group 1 receiving the treatment proposed and group 2 serving as the control group. Treatment was followed up by exercises designed to alter the children's muscular memory. The results showed that correction of functional posterior cross-bite was achieved for all the children treated, the correction remaining stable 12 months later. No self-correction of malocclusion occurred among the control group. (+info)Non-surgical treatment of Class III malocclusion in adults: two case reports. (8/16)
Class III malocclusions are usually growth-related discrepancies, which often become more severe until growth is complete. The surgery can be part of the treatment plan. The purpose of this report is to review the orthodontic treatment of two patients with a Class III malocclusion who were treated non-surgically. The basis for this treatment approach is presented and the final treatment result reviewed. Important factors to consider when establishing a Class III molar relationship are discussed. (+info)Occlusal adjustment is a dental procedure that involves modifying the shape and alignment of the biting surfaces of teeth to improve their fit and relationship with the opposing teeth. The goal of occlusal adjustment is to create a balanced and harmonious bite, which can help alleviate symptoms such as tooth wear, sensitivity, pain, or temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJD).
During an occlusal adjustment procedure, the dentist uses specialized instruments like articulating paper or dental burs to identify and eliminate interferences in the bite. These interferences can be caused by high spots, rough edges, or misaligned teeth that prevent the upper and lower teeth from meeting evenly when the jaw is closed. By removing these interferences, the dentist aims to create a more stable and comfortable bite, reducing stress on the jaw joints and muscles.
It's important to note that occlusal adjustment should only be performed by a trained dental professional, as improper modifications can lead to further dental issues or discomfort.
A Jaw Relation Record (also known as a "mounted cast" or "articulated record") is a dental term used to describe the process of recording and replicating the precise spatial relationship between the upper and lower jaws. This information is crucial in various dental treatments, such as designing and creating dental restorations, dentures, or orthodontic appliances.
The Jaw Relation Record typically involves these steps:
1. Determining the optimal jaw position (occlusion) during a clinical procedure called "bite registration." This is done by using various materials like waxes, silicones, or impression compounds to record the relationship between the upper and lower teeth in a static position or at specific movements.
2. Transferring this bite registration to an articulator, which is a mechanical device that simulates jaw movement. The articulator holds dental casts (replicas of the patient's teeth) and allows for adjustments based on the recorded jaw relationship.
3. Mounting the dental casts onto the articulator according to the bite registration. This creates an accurate representation of the patient's oral structures, allowing dentists or technicians to evaluate, plan, and fabricate dental restorations that will fit harmoniously in the mouth and provide optimal function and aesthetics.
In summary, a Jaw Relation Record is a critical component in dental treatment planning and restoration design, as it captures and replicates the precise spatial relationship between the upper and lower jaws.
Occlusal splints, also known as bite guards or night guards, are removable dental appliances that are used to provide protection and stabilization for the teeth and jaw joint (temporomandibular joint or TMJ). They are typically made of hard acrylic or soft materials and are custom-fit to a patient's mouth.
Occlusal splints work by covering and separating the upper and lower teeth, preventing them from coming into contact with each other. This can help to reduce tooth grinding and clenching (bruxism), which can cause tooth wear, sensitivity, and TMJ disorders. They may also be used to help stabilize the jaw joint and muscles in patients with TMJ disorders or to provide protection for teeth that have undergone restorative dental work.
It is important to note that occlusal splints should only be worn under the guidance of a dentist, as improper use can lead to further dental problems.
Siloxanes are a group of synthetic compounds that contain repeating units of silicon-oxygen-silicon (Si-O-Si) bonds, often combined with organic groups such as methyl or ethyl groups. They are widely used in various industrial and consumer products due to their unique properties, including thermal stability, low surface tension, and resistance to water and heat.
In medical terms, siloxanes have been studied for their potential use in medical devices and therapies. For example, some siloxane-based materials have been developed for use as coatings on medical implants, such as catheters and stents, due to their ability to reduce friction and prevent bacterial adhesion.
However, it's worth noting that exposure to high levels of certain types of siloxanes has been linked to potential health effects, including respiratory irritation and reproductive toxicity. Therefore, appropriate safety measures should be taken when handling these compounds in a medical or industrial setting.
Dental impression materials are substances used to create a replica or negative reproduction of the oral structures, including teeth, gums, and surrounding tissues. These materials are often used in dentistry to fabricate dental restorations, orthodontic appliances, mouthguards, and various other dental devices.
There are several types of dental impression materials available, each with its unique properties and applications:
1. Alginate: This is a common and affordable material derived from algae. It is easy to mix and handle, sets quickly, and provides a detailed impression of the oral structures. However, alginate impressions are not as durable as other materials and must be poured immediately after taking the impression.
2. Irreversible Hydrocolloid: This material is similar to alginate but offers better accuracy and durability. It requires more time to mix and set, but it can be stored for a longer period before pouring the cast.
3. Polyvinyl Siloxane (PVS): Also known as silicone impression material, PVS provides excellent detail, accuracy, and dimensional stability. It is available in two types: addition-cured and condensation-cured. Addition-cured PVS offers better accuracy but requires more time to mix and set. Condensation-cured PVS sets faster but may shrink slightly over time.
4. Polyether: This material provides high accuracy, excellent detail, and good tear resistance. It is also sensitive to moisture, making it suitable for impressions where a dry field is required. However, polyether has a strong odor and taste, which some patients find unpleasant.
5. Vinyl Polysiloxane (VPS): This material is similar to PVS but offers better tear strength and flexibility. It is also less sensitive to moisture than polyether, making it suitable for various applications.
6. Zinc Oxide Eugenol: This is a traditional impression material used primarily for temporary impressions or bite registrations. It has a low cost and is easy to mix and handle but does not provide the same level of detail as other materials.
The choice of dental impression material depends on various factors, including the type of restoration, the patient's oral condition, and the clinician's preference.
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome, often abbreviated as TMJD or TMD, is a group of conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) - the joint that connects the jawbone to the skull. Here's a more detailed medical definition:
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome is a complex disorder characterized by pain, clicking, popping, or grating sounds in the TMJ; limited movement or locking of the jaw; and/or painful chewing movements. The condition may be caused by a variety of factors, including muscle tension, joint inflammation, structural problems with the joint itself, or injury to the head, neck, or jaw.
Symptoms of TMJD can include:
- Pain or tenderness in the face, jaw joint area, neck, and/or shoulders
- Limited ability to open the mouth wide
- Jaw locking, making it difficult to close or open the mouth
- Clicking, popping, or grating sounds in the TMJ when opening or closing the mouth
- A significant change in the way the upper and lower teeth fit together
- Headaches, earaches, dizziness, and hearing problems
Treatment for TMJD can vary depending on the severity of the condition and its underlying cause. It may include self-care practices such as eating soft foods, avoiding extreme jaw movements, and practicing relaxation techniques; physical therapy; medication to reduce pain and inflammation; dental treatments such as mouthguards or bite adjustments; and, in rare cases, surgery.
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD) refer to a group of conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the muscles that control jaw movement. The TMJ is the hinge joint that connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull (temporal bone) in front of the ear. It allows for movements required for activities such as eating, speaking, and yawning.
TMD can result from various causes, including:
1. Muscle tension or spasm due to clenching or grinding teeth (bruxism), stress, or jaw misalignment
2. Dislocation or injury of the TMJ disc, which is a small piece of cartilage that acts as a cushion between the bones in the joint
3. Arthritis or other degenerative conditions affecting the TMJ
4. Bite problems (malocclusion) leading to abnormal stress on the TMJ and its surrounding muscles
5. Stress, which can exacerbate existing TMD symptoms by causing muscle tension
Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders may include:
- Pain or tenderness in the jaw, face, neck, or shoulders
- Limited jaw movement or locking of the jaw
- Clicking, popping, or grating sounds when moving the jaw
- Headaches, earaches, or dizziness
- Difficulty chewing or biting
- Swelling on the side of the face
Treatment for TMD varies depending on the severity and cause of the condition. It may include self-care measures (like eating soft foods, avoiding extreme jaw movements, and applying heat or cold packs), physical therapy, medications (such as muscle relaxants, pain relievers, or anti-inflammatory drugs), dental work (including bite adjustments or orthodontic treatment), or even surgery in severe cases.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the articulation between the mandible (lower jaw) and the temporal bone of the skull. It's a complex joint that involves the movement of two bones, several muscles, and various ligaments. The TMJ allows for movements like rotation and translation, enabling us to open and close our mouth, chew, speak, and yawn. Dysfunction in this joint can lead to temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD), which can cause pain, discomfort, and limited jaw movement.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc is a small, thin piece of fibrocartilaginous tissue located within the TMJ, which is the joint that connects the mandible (jawbone) to the temporal bone of the skull. The disc acts as a cushion and allows for smooth movement of the jaw during activities such as eating, speaking, and yawning. It divides the joint into two compartments: the upper and lower compartments.
The TMJ disc is composed of several types of tissue, including collagen fibers, elastin fibers, and a small number of cells called fibroblasts. The disc's unique structure allows it to withstand the forces generated during jaw movement and helps to distribute these forces evenly across the joint.
The TMJ disc can become damaged or displaced due to various factors such as trauma, teeth grinding (bruxism), or degenerative joint diseases like osteoarthritis. This can lead to temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) characterized by pain, stiffness, and limited jaw movement.
Facial pain is a condition characterized by discomfort or pain felt in any part of the face. It can result from various causes, including nerve damage or irritation, injuries, infections, dental problems, migraines, or sinus congestion. The pain can range from mild to severe and may be sharp, dull, constant, or intermittent. In some cases, facial pain can also be associated with other symptoms such as headaches, redness, swelling, or changes in sensation. Accurate diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause are essential for effective management of facial pain.
The sacroiliac (SI) joint is the joint that connects the iliac bone (part of the pelvis) and the sacrum (the triangular bone at the base of the spine). There are two sacroiliac joints, one on each side of the spine. The primary function of these joints is to absorb shock between the upper body and lower body and distribute the weight of the upper body to the lower body. They also provide a small amount of movement to allow for flexibility when walking or running. The SI joints are supported and stabilized by strong ligaments, muscles, and bones.
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction