A specialty field of radiology concerned with diagnostic, therapeutic, and investigative use of radioactive compounds in a pharmaceutical form.
Hospital department responsible for the administration and management of nuclear medicine services.
The application of scientific knowledge or technology to the field of radiology. The applications center mostly around x-ray or radioisotopes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes but the technological applications of any radiation or radiologic procedure is within the scope of radiologic technology.
The production of an image obtained by cameras that detect the radioactive emissions of an injected radionuclide as it has distributed differentially throughout tissues in the body. The image obtained from a moving detector is called a scan, while the image obtained from a stationary camera device is called a scintiphotograph.
Compounds that are used in medicine as sources of radiation for radiotherapy and for diagnostic purposes. They have numerous uses in research and industry. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1161)
Radiation protection, also known as radiation safety, is the science and practice of protecting people and the environment from harmful ionizing radiation exposure while allowing for the safe medical, industrial, and research uses of such radiation.
The amount of radiation energy that is deposited in a unit mass of material, such as tissues of plants or animal. In RADIOTHERAPY, radiation dosage is expressed in gray units (Gy). In RADIOLOGIC HEALTH, the dosage is expressed by the product of absorbed dose (Gy) and quality factor (a function of linear energy transfer), and is called radiation dose equivalent in sievert units (Sv).
The observation, either continuously or at intervals, of the levels of radiation in a given area, generally for the purpose of assuring that they have not exceeded prescribed amounts or, in case of radiation already present in the area, assuring that the levels have returned to those meeting acceptable safety standards.
A method of computed tomography that uses radionuclides which emit a single photon of a given energy. The camera is rotated 180 or 360 degrees around the patient to capture images at multiple positions along the arc. The computer is then used to reconstruct the transaxial, sagittal, and coronal images from the 3-dimensional distribution of radionuclides in the organ. The advantages of SPECT are that it can be used to observe biochemical and physiological processes as well as size and volume of the organ. The disadvantage is that, unlike positron-emission tomography where the positron-electron annihilation results in the emission of 2 photons at 180 degrees from each other, SPECT requires physical collimation to line up the photons, which results in the loss of many available photons and hence degrades the image.
The measurement of radiation by photography, as in x-ray film and film badge, by Geiger-Mueller tube, and by SCINTILLATION COUNTING.
Isotopes that exhibit radioactivity and undergo radioactive decay. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed & McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Radioactive substances added in minute amounts to the reacting elements or compounds in a chemical process and traced through the process by appropriate detection methods, e.g., Geiger counter. Compounds containing tracers are often said to be tagged or labeled. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
An imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It has been useful in study of soft tissues such as CANCER; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; and brain. SINGLE-PHOTON EMISSION-COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is closely related to positron emission tomography, but uses isotopes with longer half-lives and resolution is lower.
Graphic tracing over a time period of radioactivity measured externally over the kidneys following intravenous injection of a radionuclide which is taken up and excreted by the kidneys.
Any visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. It includes measuring physiologic and metabolic responses to physical and chemical stimuli, as well as ultramicroscopy.
The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, atomic number 43, and atomic weight 98.91. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years.
Electronic instruments that produce photographs or cathode-ray tube images of the gamma-ray emissions from organs containing radionuclide tracers.
The science concerned with problems of radiation protection relevant to reducing or preventing radiation exposure, and the effects of ionizing radiation on humans and their environment.
Those hospitals which are extensions of a main hospital and are wholly or partly administered by that hospital.
A technetium diagnostic aid used in renal function determination.
A system of traditional medicine which is based on the beliefs and practices of the Chinese culture.
The spontaneous transformation of a nuclide into one or more different nuclides, accompanied by either the emission of particles from the nucleus, nuclear capture or ejection of orbital electrons, or fission. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular and cerebral circulation, brain, thyroid, and joints.
Separation systems containing a relatively long-lived parent radionuclide which produces a short-lived daughter in its decay scheme. The daughter can be periodically extracted (milked) by means of an appropriate eluting agent.
Major administrative divisions of the hospital.
Health care workers specially trained and licensed to assist and support the work of health professionals. Often used synonymously with paramedical personnel, the term generally refers to all health care workers who perform tasks which must otherwise be performed by a physician or other health professional.
Therapeutic approach tailoring therapy for genetically defined subgroups of patients.
Study of the scientific principles, mechanisms, and effects of the interaction of ionizing radiation with living matter. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
The coordination of services in one area of a facility to improve efficiency.
The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations.
Instruments and apparatus for radiation applications and their components and associated expendables.
The total amount of a chemical, metal or radioactive substance present at any time after absorption in the body of man or animal.
Tomography using radioactive emissions from injected RADIONUCLIDES and computer ALGORITHMS to reconstruct an image.
Inorganic compounds that contain TECHNETIUM as an integral part of the molecule. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) is an isotope of technetium that has a half-life of about 6 hours. Technetium 99, which has a half-life of 210,000 years, is a decay product of technetium 99m.
A medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the internal organ systems of adults.
Information systems, usually computer-assisted, designed to store, manipulate, and retrieve information for planning, organizing, directing, and controlling administrative activities associated with the provision and utilization of radiology services and facilities.
Detection and counting of scintillations produced in a fluorescent material by ionizing radiation.
Inorganic fluorides of tin. They include both stannic fluoride (tin tetrafluoride) and stannous fluoride (tin difluoride). The latter is used in the prevention of dental caries.
Systems of medicine based on cultural beliefs and practices handed down from generation to generation. The concept includes mystical and magical rituals (SPIRITUAL THERAPIES); PHYTOTHERAPY; and other treatments which may not be explained by modern medicine.
System of herbal medicine practiced in Japan by both herbalists and practitioners of modern medicine. Kampo originated in China and is based on Chinese herbal medicine (MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL).
Hospital department which is responsible for the administration and provision of x-ray diagnostic and therapeutic services.
Organic compounds that contain technetium as an integral part of the molecule. These compounds are often used as radionuclide imaging agents.
The creation of a visual display of the inside of the entire body of a human or animal for the purposes of diagnostic evaluation. This is most commonly achieved by using MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; or POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY.
A specialty concerned with the use of x-ray and other forms of radiant energy in the diagnosis and treatment of disease.
Measurement of radioactivity in the entire human body.
Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.
The art and science of studying, performing research on, preventing, diagnosing, and treating disease, as well as the maintenance of health.
Hospital department responsible for the purchasing of supplies and equipment.
Inorganic compounds that contain tin as an integral part of the molecule.
The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)
An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.
Societies whose membership is limited to physicians.
An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.
A rare, metallic element designated by the symbol, Ga, atomic number 31, and atomic weight 69.72.
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Any diagnostic evaluation using radioactive (unstable) isotopes. This diagnosis includes many nuclear medicine procedures as well as radioimmunoassay tests.
Occupations of medical personnel who are not physicians, and are qualified by special training and, frequently, by licensure to work in supporting roles in the health care field. These occupations include, but are not limited to, medical technology, physical therapy, physician assistant, etc.
Unstable isotopes of gallium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Ga atoms with atomic weights 63-68, 70 and 72-76 are radioactive gallium isotopes.
A computer in a medical context is an electronic device that processes, stores, and retrieves data, often used in medical settings for tasks such as maintaining patient records, managing diagnostic images, and supporting clinical decision-making through software applications and tools.
Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simulating conditions encountered in the procedure. Phantoms are used very often in procedures employing or measuring x-irradiation or radioactive material to evaluate performance. Phantoms often have properties similar to human tissue. Water demonstrates absorbing properties similar to normal tissue, hence water-filled phantoms are used to map radiation levels. Phantoms are used also as teaching aids to simulate real conditions with x-ray or ultrasonic machines. (From Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990)
A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in skeletal scintigraphy. Because of its absorption by a variety of tumors, it is useful for the detection of neoplasms.
The electronic transmission of radiological images from one location to another for the purposes of interpretation and/or consultation. Users in different locations may simultaneously view images with greater access to secondary consultations and improved continuing education. (From American College of Radiology, ACR Standard for Teleradiology, 1994, p3)
Techniques for labeling a substance with a stable or radioactive isotope. It is not used for articles involving labeled substances unless the methods of labeling are substantively discussed. Tracers that may be labeled include chemical substances, cells, or microorganisms.
'History of Medicine' is a branch of knowledge that deals with the evolution, development, and progression of healthcare practices, medical theories, institutions, and personalities from ancient times to the present.
Facilities equipped to carry out investigative procedures.
The study and practice of medicine by direct examination of the patient.
Educational programs designed to inform individuals of recent advances in their particular field of interest. They do not lead to any formal advanced standing.
A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the diagnostic imaging of the renal cortex.
The study of the chemical and physical phenomena of radioactive substances.
A technetium imaging agent used to reveal blood-starved cardiac tissue during a heart attack.
Chinese herbal or plant extracts which are used as drugs to treat diseases or promote general well-being. The concept does not include synthesized compounds manufactured in China.
The recognition of professional or technical competence through registration, certification, licensure, admission to association membership, the award of a diploma or degree, etc.
The use of molecularly targeted imaging probes to localize and/or monitor biochemical and cellular processes via various imaging modalities that include RADIONUCLIDE IMAGING; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; FLUORESCENCE IMAGING; and MICROSCOPY.
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Tantalum. A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices. (Dorland, 28th ed)
A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.
A field of medicine concerned with developing and using strategies aimed at repair or replacement of damaged, diseased, or metabolically deficient organs, tissues, and cells via TISSUE ENGINEERING; CELL TRANSPLANTATION; and ARTIFICIAL ORGANS and BIOARTIFICIAL ORGANS and tissues.
The branch of medicine concerned with the evaluation and initial treatment of urgent and emergent medical problems, such as those caused by accidents, trauma, sudden illness, poisoning, or disasters. Emergency medical care can be provided at the hospital or at sites outside the medical facility.
A radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in scintigraphy or tomography of the heart to evaluate the extent of the necrotic myocardial process. It has also been used in noninvasive tests for the distribution of organ involvement in different types of amyloidosis and for the evaluation of muscle necrosis in the extremities.
An approach of practicing medicine with the goal to improve and evaluate patient care. It requires the judicious integration of best research evidence with the patient's values to make decisions about medical care. This method is to help physicians make proper diagnosis, devise best testing plan, choose best treatment and methods of disease prevention, as well as develop guidelines for large groups of patients with the same disease. (from JAMA 296 (9), 2006)
Use of a device (film badge) for measuring exposure of individuals to radiation. It is usually made of metal, plastic, or paper and loaded with one or more pieces of x-ray film.

Antisense and nuclear medicine. (1/221)

Despite many uncertainties concerning mechanism, synthetic single-strand antisense deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs) are now in clinical trials for the chemotherapy of viral infections such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papilloma virus; several cancers, including follicular lymphoma and acute myelogenous leukemia; inflammatory processes such as Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis and in allergic disorders. There are approximately 10 trials, and early results are generally encouraging. Therefore, the expectation is that antisense DNAs will be important to future chemotherapy. The question considered here is whether antisense DNAs will also be important to future nuclear medicine imaging. While efforts toward developing antisense imaging are comparatively nonexistent thus far, investigations into the mechanisms of cellular transport and localization and the development of a second generation of antisense DNAs have occurred largely within the antisense chemotherapy industry. Fortunately, many of the properties of DNA for antisense imaging, such as high in vivo stability and adequate cell membrane transport, are the same as those for antisense chemotherapy. Unfortunately, interests diverge in the case of several other key properties. For example, rapid localization and clearance kinetics of the radiolabel and prolonged retention in the target are requirements unique to nuclear medicine. No doubt the development of antisense imaging will continue to benefit from improvements in the antisense chemotherapy industry. However, a considerable effort will be required to optimize this approach for imaging (and radiotherapy). The potential of specifically targeting virtually any disease or normal tissue should make this effort worthwhile.  (+info)

Patient education in nuclear medicine technology practice. (2/221)

This is the second article of a two-part series on patient education. This article builds on the first one by discussing some of the unique considerations in providing patient education in the nuclear medicine department. Concrete strategies for nuclear medicine technology practice are discussed here. After reading this article, the technologist should be able to: (a) describe the affective and technical aspects of the nuclear medicine technologist's role as a patient educator; (b) identify some strategies that nuclear medicine technologists can use to become better teachers; and (c) describe factors that affect patient learning in the nuclear medicine department and some approaches to overcome or minimize learning barriers.  (+info)

Assessing the use of nuclear medicine technology in sub-Saharan Africa: the essential equipment list. (3/221)

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of the survey was to determine the core equipment required in a nuclear medicine department in public hospitals in Kenya and South Africa, and evaluate the capital investment requirements. METHODS: Physical site audits of equipment and direct interviews of medical and clinical engineering professionals were performed, as well as examination of tender and purchase documents, maintenance payment receipts, and other relevant documents. Originally, 10 public hospitals were selected: 6 referral and 4 teaching hospitals. The 6 referral hospitals were excluded from the survey due to lack of essential documents and records on equipment. The medical and technical staff from these hospitals were, however, interviewed on equipment usage and technical constraints. Data collection was done on-site and counter-checked against documents provided by the hospital administration. RESULTS: A list of essential equipment for a nuclear medicine department in sub-Saharan Africa was identified. Quotations for equipment were provided by all major equipment suppliers, local and international. CONCLUSION: A nuclear medicine department requires eight essential pieces of equipment to operate in sub-Saharan Africa. Two additional items are desirable but not essential.  (+info)

Decision analysis in nuclear medicine. (4/221)

This review focuses primarily on the methodology involved in properly reviewing the literature for performing a meta-analysis and on methods for performing a formal decision analysis using decision trees. Issues related to performing a detailed metaanalysis with consideration of particular issues, including publication bias, verification bias and patient spectrum, are addressed. The importance of collecting conventional measures of test performance (e.g., sensitivity and specificity) and of changes in patient management to model the cost-effectiveness of a management algorithm is detailed. With greater utilization of the techniques discussed in this review, nuclear medicine researchers should be well prepared to compete for the limited resources available in the current health care environment. Furthermore, nuclear medicine physicians will be better prepared to best serve their patients by using only those studies with a proven role in improving patient management.  (+info)

Sensible approaches to avoid needle stick accidents in nuclear medicine. (5/221)

OBJECTIVE: Needle sticks are a continuous concern in the health care environment because of the prevalence of bloodborne pathogens in today's society. Radioactive contamination is another concern with needle sticks during nuclear medicine and nuclear pharmacy procedures. In our institution, substantial efforts have been made to prevent needle sticks, but they still occur occasionally. The purpose of this project was to analyze different practices and products to determine the best protocol in an effort to avoid further needle sticks. METHODS: The nuclear medicine technologists were surveyed to determine how many needle sticks have occurred and the situation behind each occurrence. Using our initial survey, the circumstances involved in each incident were reviewed, suggestions considered, and various means of protection analyzed. Five options were presented in a second survey. RESULTS: The results of the second survey showed that technologists favored the newly designed needle-capping blocks for preventing needle sticks in their daily routine procedures. CONCLUSION: The newly designed needle-capping block is best suited for both nuclear medicine and nuclear pharmacy laboratories. We will continue to monitor the effectiveness of this new approach in preventing needle sticks.  (+info)

Pediatric nuclear medicine, Part I: Developmental cues. (6/221)

OBJECTIVE: Children provide a continuous challenge for the nuclear medicine technologist. The task of successfully completing a nuclear medicine procedure varies little among a 20-y-old, a 40-y-old and a 60-y-old patient. Successful completion of a procedure varies much more among a 2-y-old, a 4-y-old and a 6-y-old. Successfully completing a pediatric nuclear medicine procedure includes quick acquisitions, technically acceptable images or calculations, and satisfied patients and parents. Understanding your patient is crucial, and it provides the parents with a greater sense of comfort and confidence about the nuclear medicine technologist and the procedure. After reading this article the nuclear medicine technologist should be able to: (a) discuss the developmental stages of children according to several major theories; (b) identify the physical and mental expectations for each age group; (c) explain applications for incorporating this information into common pediatric nuclear medicine practice; and (d) discuss the common realities surrounding the behavior of children and their parents. A second article will feature tips, indications and populations for common pediatric procedures.  (+info)

Nuclear pharmacy, Part I: Emergence of the specialty of nuclear pharmacy. (7/221)

OBJECTIVE: Nuclear pharmacy was the first formally recognized area in pharmacy designated as a specialty practice. The events leading to nuclear pharmacy specialty recognition are described in this article. After reading this article the nuclear medicine technologist or nuclear pharmacist should be able to: (a) describe the status of nuclear pharmacy before recognition as a specialty practice; (b) describe the events that stimulated pharmacists to organize a professional unit to meet the needs of nuclear pharmacists; and (c) identify the steps by which nuclear pharmacists become board certified in nuclear pharmacy.  (+info)

Pediatric nuclear medicine, Part II: Common procedures and considerations. (8/221)

OBJECTIVE: This paper introduces technologists to pediatric nuclear medicine applications as well as serves as a review of the principles of pediatric imaging for more experienced technologists. After reading this article the nuclear medicine technologist should be able to: (a) identify pediatric populations commonly evaluated with nuclear medicine procedures; (b) state the indications for performing pediatric nuclear medicine procedures; and (c) discuss strategies and tips for performing nuclear medicine procedures on pediatric patients.  (+info)

Nuclear medicine is a branch of medical imaging that uses small amounts of radioactive material, called radiopharmaceuticals, to diagnose and treat various diseases. The radiopharmaceuticals are taken internally, usually through injection or oral administration, and accumulate in specific organs or tissues. A special camera then detects the radiation emitted by these substances, which helps create detailed images of the body's internal structures and functions.

The images produced in nuclear medicine can help doctors identify abnormalities such as tumors, fractures, infection, or inflammation. Additionally, some radiopharmaceuticals can be used to treat certain conditions, like hyperthyroidism or cancer, by delivering targeted doses of radiation directly to the affected area. Overall, nuclear medicine provides valuable information for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring of many medical conditions.

A Nuclear Medicine Department in a hospital is a specialized unit that uses small amounts of radioactive materials, called radiopharmaceuticals, to diagnose and treat various medical conditions. These radiopharmaceuticals are introduced into the body through different routes (such as injection, inhalation, or ingestion) and accumulate in specific organs or cells, where they emit gamma rays that can be detected by external imaging devices.

The Nuclear Medicine Department performs various diagnostic procedures, including:

1. Imaging studies: These tests produce images of the body's internal structures and functions to help diagnose and monitor diseases. Examples include bone scans, lung scans, heart scans (such as myocardial perfusion imaging), brain scans, and kidney scans.
2. Therapeutic procedures: Nuclear medicine also offers treatments for certain medical conditions using radioactive materials. For example, radioiodine therapy is used to treat thyroid cancer and hyperthyroidism.

The department typically consists of a team of healthcare professionals, including nuclear medicine physicians, radiologists, technologists, nurses, and support staff, who work together to provide high-quality care for patients undergoing nuclear medicine procedures.

Radiologic technology is a medical term that refers to the use of imaging technologies to diagnose and treat diseases. It involves the application of various forms of radiation, such as X-rays, magnetic fields, sound waves, and radioactive substances, to create detailed images of the internal structures of the body.

Radiologic technologists are healthcare professionals who operate the imaging equipment and work closely with radiologists, who are medical doctors specializing in interpreting medical images. Radiologic technology includes various imaging modalities such as:

1. X-ray radiography: produces images of internal structures by passing X-rays through the body onto a detector.
2. Computed tomography (CT): uses X-rays to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body.
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of internal structures without using radiation.
4. Ultrasound: uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal structures, such as fetuses during pregnancy or organs like the heart and liver.
5. Nuclear medicine: uses small amounts of radioactive substances to diagnose and treat diseases by creating detailed images of the body's internal structures and functions.

Radiologic technology plays a crucial role in modern medicine, enabling healthcare providers to make accurate diagnoses, plan treatments, and monitor patient progress.

Radionuclide imaging, also known as nuclear medicine, is a medical imaging technique that uses small amounts of radioactive material, called radionuclides or radiopharmaceuticals, to diagnose and treat various diseases and conditions. The radionuclides are introduced into the body through injection, inhalation, or ingestion and accumulate in specific organs or tissues. A special camera then detects the gamma rays emitted by these radionuclides and converts them into images that provide information about the structure and function of the organ or tissue being studied.

Radionuclide imaging can be used to evaluate a wide range of medical conditions, including heart disease, cancer, neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and bone diseases. The technique is non-invasive and generally safe, with minimal exposure to radiation. However, it should only be performed by qualified healthcare professionals in accordance with established guidelines and regulations.

Radiopharmaceuticals are defined as pharmaceutical preparations that contain radioactive isotopes and are used for diagnosis or therapy in nuclear medicine. These compounds are designed to interact specifically with certain biological targets, such as cells, tissues, or organs, and emit radiation that can be detected and measured to provide diagnostic information or used to destroy abnormal cells or tissue in therapeutic applications.

The radioactive isotopes used in radiopharmaceuticals have carefully controlled half-lives, which determine how long they remain radioactive and how long the pharmaceutical preparation remains effective. The choice of radioisotope depends on the intended use of the radiopharmaceutical, as well as factors such as its energy, range of emission, and chemical properties.

Radiopharmaceuticals are used in a wide range of medical applications, including imaging, cancer therapy, and treatment of other diseases and conditions. Examples of radiopharmaceuticals include technetium-99m for imaging the heart, lungs, and bones; iodine-131 for treating thyroid cancer; and samarium-153 for palliative treatment of bone metastases.

The use of radiopharmaceuticals requires specialized training and expertise in nuclear medicine, as well as strict adherence to safety protocols to minimize radiation exposure to patients and healthcare workers.

Radiation protection, also known as radiation safety, is a field of study and practice that aims to protect people and the environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiation. It involves various measures and techniques used to minimize or eliminate exposure to ionizing radiation, such as:

1. Time: Reducing the amount of time spent near a radiation source.
2. Distance: Increasing the distance between oneself and a radiation source.
3. Shielding: Using materials that can absorb or block radiation to reduce exposure.
4. Containment: Preventing the release of radiation into the environment.
5. Training and education: Providing information and training to individuals who work with radiation sources.
6. Dosimetry and monitoring: Measuring and monitoring radiation doses received by individuals and populations.
7. Emergency planning and response: Developing plans and procedures for responding to radiation emergencies or accidents.

Radiation protection is an important consideration in various fields, including medicine, nuclear energy, research, and manufacturing, where ionizing radiation sources are used or produced.

Radiation dosage, in the context of medical physics, refers to the amount of radiation energy that is absorbed by a material or tissue, usually measured in units of Gray (Gy), where 1 Gy equals an absorption of 1 Joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter. In the clinical setting, radiation dosage is used to plan and assess the amount of radiation delivered to a patient during treatments such as radiotherapy. It's important to note that the biological impact of radiation also depends on other factors, including the type and energy level of the radiation, as well as the sensitivity of the irradiated tissues or organs.

Radiation monitoring is the systematic and continuous measurement, assessment, and tracking of ionizing radiation levels in the environment or within the body to ensure safety and to take appropriate actions when limits are exceeded. It involves the use of specialized instruments and techniques to detect and quantify different types of radiation, such as alpha, beta, gamma, neutron, and x-rays. The data collected from radiation monitoring is used to evaluate radiation exposure, contamination levels, and potential health risks for individuals or communities. This process is crucial in various fields, including nuclear energy production, medical imaging and treatment, radiation therapy, and environmental protection.

Emission-Computed Tomography, Single-Photon (SPECT) is a type of nuclear medicine imaging procedure that generates detailed, three-dimensional images of the distribution of radioactive pharmaceuticals within the body. It uses gamma rays emitted by a radiopharmaceutical that is introduced into the patient's body, and a specialized gamma camera to detect these gamma rays and create tomographic images. The data obtained from the SPECT imaging can be used to diagnose various medical conditions, evaluate organ function, and guide treatment decisions. It is commonly used to image the heart, brain, and bones, among other organs and systems.

Radiometry is the measurement of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light. It quantifies the amount and characteristics of radiant energy in terms of power or intensity, wavelength, direction, and polarization. In medical physics, radiometry is often used to measure therapeutic and diagnostic radiation beams used in various imaging techniques and cancer treatments such as X-rays, gamma rays, and ultraviolet or infrared light. Radiometric measurements are essential for ensuring the safe and effective use of these medical technologies.

Radioisotopes, also known as radioactive isotopes or radionuclides, are variants of chemical elements that have unstable nuclei and emit radiation in the form of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, or conversion electrons. These isotopes are formed when an element's nucleus undergoes natural or artificial radioactive decay.

Radioisotopes can be produced through various processes, including nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and particle bombardment in a cyclotron or other types of particle accelerators. They have a wide range of applications in medicine, industry, agriculture, research, and energy production. In the medical field, radioisotopes are used for diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy, and in the labeling of molecules for research purposes.

It is important to note that handling and using radioisotopes requires proper training, safety measures, and regulatory compliance due to their ionizing radiation properties, which can pose potential health risks if not handled correctly.

Radioactive tracers are radioisotopes or radiolabeled compounds that are introduced into a biological system, such as the human body, in very small amounts to allow tracking or monitoring of specific physiological processes or locations. The radiation emitted by the tracer can be detected and measured, providing information about the distribution, metabolism, or binding of the compound within the body. This technique is widely used in medical imaging and research for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Examples of radioactive tracers include technetium-99m for bone scans, fluorine-18 for positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and iodine-131 for thyroid studies.

Positron-Emission Tomography (PET) is a type of nuclear medicine imaging that uses small amounts of radioactive material, called a radiotracer, to produce detailed, three-dimensional images. This technique measures metabolic activity within the body, such as sugar metabolism, to help distinguish between healthy and diseased tissue, identify cancerous cells, or examine the function of organs.

During a PET scan, the patient is injected with a radiotracer, typically a sugar-based compound labeled with a positron-emitting radioisotope, such as fluorine-18 (^18^F). The radiotracer accumulates in cells that are metabolically active, like cancer cells. As the radiotracer decays, it emits positrons, which then collide with electrons in nearby tissue, producing gamma rays. A special camera, called a PET scanner, detects these gamma rays and uses this information to create detailed images of the body's internal structures and processes.

PET is often used in conjunction with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide both functional and anatomical information, allowing for more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. Common applications include detecting cancer recurrence, staging and monitoring cancer, evaluating heart function, and assessing brain function in conditions like dementia and epilepsy.

Radioisotope renography is a type of nuclear medicine test used to evaluate the function and anatomy of the kidneys. It involves the intravenous administration of a small amount of radioactive material, called a radiopharmaceutical or radioisotope, which is taken up by the kidneys and emits gamma rays that can be detected by a special camera.

The most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for renography is technetium-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (Tc-99m MAG3). The patient is positioned under the gamma camera, and images are taken at various intervals after the injection of the radioisotope.

The test provides information about the blood flow to the kidneys, the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which measures how well the kidneys filter waste products from the blood, and the drainage of urine from the kidneys into the bladder. Renography can help diagnose conditions such as renal artery stenosis, hydronephrosis, and kidney obstruction.

It is important to note that while radioisotope renography involves exposure to a small amount of radiation, the benefits of the test in terms of diagnostic accuracy and patient management often outweigh the risks associated with the radiation exposure.

Diagnostic imaging is a medical specialty that uses various technologies to produce visual representations of the internal structures and functioning of the body. These images are used to diagnose injury, disease, or other abnormalities and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Common modalities of diagnostic imaging include:

1. Radiography (X-ray): Uses ionizing radiation to produce detailed images of bones, teeth, and some organs.
2. Computed Tomography (CT) Scan: Combines X-ray technology with computer processing to create cross-sectional images of the body.
3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate detailed images of soft tissues, organs, and bones.
4. Ultrasound: Employs high-frequency sound waves to produce real-time images of internal structures, often used for obstetrics and gynecology.
5. Nuclear Medicine: Involves the administration of radioactive tracers to assess organ function or detect abnormalities within the body.
6. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan: Uses a small amount of radioactive material to produce detailed images of metabolic activity in the body, often used for cancer detection and monitoring treatment response.
7. Fluoroscopy: Utilizes continuous X-ray imaging to observe moving structures or processes within the body, such as swallowing studies or angiography.

Diagnostic imaging plays a crucial role in modern medicine, allowing healthcare providers to make informed decisions about patient care and treatment plans.

Technetium is not a medical term itself, but it is a chemical element with the symbol Tc and atomic number 43. However, in the field of nuclear medicine, which is a branch of medicine that uses small amounts of radioactive material to diagnose or treat diseases, Technetium-99m (a radioisotope of technetium) is commonly used for various diagnostic procedures.

Technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99, and it emits gamma rays that can be detected outside the body to create images of internal organs or tissues. It has a short half-life of about 6 hours, which makes it ideal for diagnostic imaging since it decays quickly and reduces the patient's exposure to radiation.

Technetium-99m is used in a variety of medical procedures, such as bone scans, lung scans, heart scans, liver-spleen scans, brain scans, and kidney scans, among others. It can be attached to different pharmaceuticals or molecules that target specific organs or tissues, allowing healthcare professionals to assess their function or identify any abnormalities.

A gamma camera, also known as a scintillation camera, is a device used in nuclear medicine to image gamma-emitting radionuclides in the body. It detects gamma radiation emitted by radioisotopes that have been introduced into the body, usually through injection or ingestion. The camera consists of a large flat crystal (often sodium iodide) that scintillates when struck by gamma rays, producing light flashes that are detected by an array of photomultiplier tubes.

The resulting signals are then processed by a computer to generate images that reflect the distribution and concentration of the radionuclide in the body. Gamma cameras are used in a variety of medical imaging procedures, including bone scans, lung scans, heart scans (such as myocardial perfusion imaging), and brain scans. They can help diagnose conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders.

Health physics is a branch of physics that deals with the applications of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in medicine, industry, and research, with the primary focus on protecting people and the environment from potential radiation hazards. It involves the assessment, measurement, and control of radiation doses to ensure that exposures are kept below established limits, as well as the development and implementation of safety procedures and regulations. Health physicists may also be involved in radiation therapy, diagnostic imaging, nuclear medicine, and other fields where radiation is used for beneficial purposes.

A satellite hospital is a healthcare facility that is physically separate but operationally connected to a larger medical center or "main" hospital. These facilities are often located in outlying areas or suburbs and provide a range of medical services, including emergency care, diagnostic tests, and outpatient procedures. They are designed to bring healthcare services closer to where patients live and work, making it more convenient for them to access care.

Satellite hospitals are typically smaller than main hospitals and may not offer the same level of specialized care or resources. However, they are often equipped with advanced medical technology and staffed by qualified healthcare professionals who can provide high-quality medical care. In some cases, satellite hospitals may also serve as training sites for medical students and residents.

One of the benefits of satellite hospitals is that they can help to reduce overcrowding in main hospitals and improve access to care for patients who live in rural or underserved areas. They can also provide a cost-effective alternative to building a new main hospital in an area where demand for healthcare services is growing. Overall, satellite hospitals play an important role in expanding access to high-quality healthcare services and improving health outcomes for patients.

Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide is a radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine imaging procedures. It is a technetium-labeled compound, where the radioisotope technetium-99m (^99m^Tc) is bound to mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3). The resulting complex is known as ^99m^Tc-MAG3 or Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide.

This radiopharmaceutical is primarily used for renal function assessment, including evaluation of kidney blood flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and detection of renal obstructions or other abnormalities. After intravenous administration, Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide is rapidly excreted by the kidneys, allowing for visualization and quantification of renal function through gamma camera imaging.

It's important to note that the use of radiopharmaceuticals should be performed under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional, as they involve the administration of radioactive materials for diagnostic purposes.

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a system of medicine that has been developed in China over thousands of years. It is based on the philosophy that the body's vital energy (Qi) circulates through a network of channels called meridians, and that disease results from an imbalance or blockage in this flow of Qi.

TCM uses a variety of treatments to restore balance and promote health, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, moxibustion (the burning of herbs near the skin), cupping, dietary therapy, and tuina (Chinese massage). The use of Chinese herbal medicines is a major component of TCM, with formulas often consisting of combinations of several different herbs tailored to the individual patient's needs.

In addition to these treatments, TCM practitioners may also use diagnostic techniques such as pulse diagnosis and tongue examination to assess a person's overall health and determine the underlying cause of their symptoms. The goal of TCM is not only to treat specific symptoms or diseases but to address the root causes of illness and promote overall wellness.

Radioactivity is not typically considered within the realm of medical definitions, but since it does have medical applications and implications, here is a brief explanation:

Radioactivity is a natural property of certain elements (referred to as radioisotopes) that emit particles or electromagnetic waves due to changes in their atomic nuclei. This process can occur spontaneously without any external influence, leading to the emission of alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, or neutrons. These emissions can penetrate various materials and ionize atoms along their path, which can cause damage to living tissues.

In a medical context, radioactivity is used in both diagnostic and therapeutic settings:

1. Diagnostic applications include imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) scans and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), where radioisotopes are introduced into the body to visualize organ function or detect diseases like cancer.
2. Therapeutic uses involve targeting radioisotopes directly at cancer cells, either through external beam radiation therapy or internal radiotherapy, such as brachytherapy, where a radioactive source is placed near or within the tumor.

While radioactivity has significant medical benefits, it also poses risks due to ionizing radiation exposure. Proper handling and safety measures are essential when working with radioactive materials to minimize potential harm.

Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m is a radioactive pharmaceutical preparation used in medical diagnostic imaging. It is a technetium-99m radiopharmaceutical, where technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99, which emits gamma rays and has a half-life of 6 hours. Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m is used as a contrast agent in various diagnostic procedures, such as imaging of the thyroid, salivary glands, or the brain, to evaluate conditions like inflammation, tumors, or abnormalities in blood flow. It is typically administered intravenously, and its short half-life ensures that the radiation exposure is limited.

Radionuclide generators, also known as "radiogenic sources" or "generator systems," are devices that contain a parent radionuclide that decays into a daughter radionuclide. The parent nuclide has a longer half-life than the daughter nuclide and remains within the generator system, while the daughter nuclide is produced continuously through the decay process and can be extracted for use in medical imaging or therapeutic procedures.

The most common type of radionuclide generator used in nuclear medicine is the technetium-99m (^99m Tc) generator, which contains molybdenum-99 (^99 Mo) as the parent nuclide. Molybdenum-99 has a half-life of 66 hours and decays into technetium-99m, which has a half-life of only 6 hours. Technetium-99m emits gamma rays that can be detected by gamma cameras, making it useful for a wide range of diagnostic procedures such as bone scans, lung perfusion imaging, and myocardial perfusion imaging.

Radionuclide generators are typically used in hospitals and medical centers where they can provide a convenient and cost-effective way to produce small quantities of radionuclides for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. The extracted daughter nuclide can be used immediately, reducing the need for complex shipping and handling procedures associated with other radioactive materials.

There seems to be a misunderstanding in your question. "Hospital Departments" is not a medical term or diagnosis, but rather an organizational structure used by hospitals to divide their services and facilities into different units based on medical specialties or patient populations. Examples of hospital departments include internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, emergency medicine, radiology, and pathology. Each department typically has its own staff, equipment, and facilities to provide specialized care for specific types of patients or medical conditions.

Allied health personnel refers to a group of healthcare professionals who are licensed or regulated to provide specific services within the healthcare system. They work in collaboration with physicians and other healthcare providers to deliver comprehensive medical care. Allied health personnel include various disciplines such as:

1. Occupational therapists
2. Physical therapists
3. Speech-language pathologists
4. Audiologists
5. Respiratory therapists
6. Dietitians and nutritionists
7. Social workers
8. Diagnostic medical sonographers
9. Radiologic technologists
10. Clinical laboratory scientists
11. Genetic counselors
12. Rehabilitation counselors
13. Therapeutic recreation specialists

These professionals play a crucial role in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various medical conditions and are essential members of the healthcare team.

Individualized medicine, also known as personalized medicine, is a medical model that uses molecular profiling and various diagnostic tests to understand the genetic and environmental variations affecting an individual's health and disease susceptibility. It aims to tailor medical treatments, including prevention strategies, diagnostics, therapies, and follow-up care, to each person's unique needs and characteristics. By incorporating genomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and other "omics" data into clinical decision-making, individualized medicine strives to improve patient outcomes, reduce adverse effects, and potentially lower healthcare costs.

Radiobiology is the scientific study of the effects of ionizing radiation on living organisms, including both normal tissue and tumors. It encompasses the investigation of the biological responses to various types and doses of radiation, as well as the mechanisms behind these reactions at molecular, cellular, tissue, and systemic levels. The knowledge gained from radiobiology is crucial for optimizing radiation therapy in cancer treatment, setting radiation safety standards, and understanding the biological consequences of radiation exposure in diagnostic and occupational settings.

Centralized hospital services refer to a model of healthcare delivery where certain medical services or functions are concentrated in a single location, typically within a large hospital or medical center. This approach is designed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of specialized medical care by consolidating resources, expertise, and technology in one place.

Examples of centralized hospital services may include:

1. Specialized clinical departments: Centralizing specialized clinical services, such as cardiology, neurology, or oncology, allows for a greater concentration of experts, equipment, and support staff, leading to improved patient care and outcomes.
2. Diagnostic and treatment facilities: Centralized hospital services may include advanced imaging technologies (e.g., MRI, CT scanners), radiation therapy, and other specialized diagnostic and treatment modalities that require significant capital investment and technical expertise.
3. Laboratory and pharmacy services: Consolidating laboratory testing and medication dispensing in a central location can help ensure standardization of processes, improve quality control, and reduce costs.
4. Electronic health records (EHRs): A centralized EHR system enables healthcare providers to access comprehensive patient information from a single source, improving communication, coordination, and continuity of care.
5. Supply chain management: Centralizing hospital supply procurement and distribution can help streamline operations, reduce costs, and ensure consistent access to necessary medical supplies and equipment.
6. Administrative functions: Centralizing administrative tasks, such as scheduling, billing, and insurance processing, can help improve efficiency, reduce errors, and enhance the overall patient experience.

Overall, centralized hospital services aim to provide high-quality, cost-effective care by leveraging economies of scale, specialized expertise, and advanced technologies in a single location. However, it is essential to balance these benefits with potential drawbacks, such as limited accessibility for patients in remote areas and the risk of over-centralization leading to reduced flexibility and innovation.

Pharmacy, as defined by the Merriam-Webster Medical Dictionary, is: "a place or store where drugs, medicines, and other similar items are prepared, compounded, dispensed, or sold." It can also refer to the art, science, or practice of preparing, compounding, and dispensing medicinal preparations.

Pharmacists are healthcare professionals who practice in pharmacy, and they are responsible for ensuring that the medications prescribed to patients are appropriate, safe, and effective. They also provide advice on the proper use of medications, monitor patient health and drug therapies, and offer specialized services to help patients manage their medications.

Pharmacies can be found in a variety of settings, including hospitals, clinics, retail stores, and online platforms. Regardless of where they are located, pharmacies must adhere to strict regulations and standards to ensure the safety and efficacy of the medications they dispense.

"Radiation equipment and supplies" refer to the devices, tools, and materials used in the application and management of ionizing radiation in medical treatments and diagnostic procedures. This can include:

1. Radiation therapy machines (like Linear Accelerators or LINACs) used to treat cancer by delivering precise doses of high-energy X-rays or electrons.
2. Diagnostic imaging equipment (such as X-ray machines, CT scanners, and mammography units) that use lower-energy radiation to create detailed images of the body's internal structures.
3. Fluoroscopy systems used for real-time imaging during procedures like angiograms or barium swallows.
4. Nuclear medicine equipment (like gamma cameras and PET scanners) that detect gamma rays emitted by radioactive tracers introduced into the body.
5. Radioactive sources used in brachytherapy, a type of internal radiation therapy where sealed radioactive materials are placed near or directly into the tumor.
6. Shielding materials designed to protect patients, staff, and the general public from unnecessary radiation exposure.
7. Quality assurance devices used to test and calibrate radiation equipment to ensure accurate dosing and image quality.
8. Personal protective equipment (PPE) for staff, including lead aprons, gloves, thyroid shields, and eyewear.
9. Safety systems, such as interlocks, alarms, and warning lights, to prevent accidental exposures.

Proper use, maintenance, and safety protocols are crucial when dealing with medical radiation equipment and supplies to minimize risks while maximizing benefits for patient care.

"Body burden" is a term used in the field of environmental health to describe the total amount of a chemical or toxic substance that an individual has accumulated in their body tissues and fluids. It refers to the overall load or concentration of a particular chemical or contaminant that an organism is carrying, which can come from various sources such as air, water, food, and consumer products.

The term "body burden" highlights the idea that people can be exposed to harmful substances unknowingly and unintentionally, leading to potential health risks over time. Some factors that may influence body burden include the frequency and duration of exposure, the toxicity of the substance, and individual differences in metabolism, elimination, and susceptibility.

It is important to note that not all chemicals or substances found in the body are necessarily harmful, as some are essential for normal bodily functions. However, high levels of certain environmental contaminants can have adverse health effects, making it crucial to monitor and regulate exposure to these substances.

Emission computed tomography (ECT) is a type of tomographic imaging technique in which an emission signal from within the body is detected to create cross-sectional images of that signal's distribution. In Emission-Computed Tomography (ECT), a radionuclide is introduced into the body, usually through injection, inhalation or ingestion. The radionuclide emits gamma rays that are then detected by external gamma cameras.

The data collected from these cameras is then used to create cross-sectional images of the distribution of the radiopharmaceutical within the body. This allows for the identification and quantification of functional information about specific organs or systems within the body, such as blood flow, metabolic activity, or receptor density.

One common type of Emission-Computed Tomography is Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), which uses a single gamma camera that rotates around the patient to collect data from multiple angles. Another type is Positron Emission Tomography (PET), which uses positron-emitting radionuclides and detects the coincident gamma rays emitted by the annihilation of positrons and electrons.

Overall, ECT is a valuable tool in medical imaging for diagnosing and monitoring various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and neurological disorders.

Technetium compounds refer to chemical substances that contain the radioactive technetium (Tc) element. Technetium is a naturally rare element and does not have any stable isotopes, making it only exist in trace amounts in the Earth's crust. However, it can be produced artificially in nuclear reactors.

Technetium compounds are widely used in medical imaging as radioactive tracers in diagnostic procedures. The most common technetium compound is Technetium-99m (Tc-99m), which has a half-life of 6 hours and emits gamma rays that can be detected by external cameras. Tc-99m is often bound to various pharmaceuticals, such as methylene diphosphonate (MDP) or human serum albumin (HSA), to target specific organs or tissues in the body.

Technetium compounds are used in a variety of diagnostic procedures, including bone scans, lung perfusion scans, myocardial perfusion imaging, and brain scans. They provide valuable information about organ function, blood flow, and tissue metabolism, helping doctors diagnose various medical conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and bone fractures.

It is important to note that technetium compounds should only be used under the supervision of trained medical professionals due to their radioactive nature. Proper handling, administration, and disposal procedures must be followed to ensure safety and minimize radiation exposure.

Internal Medicine is a medical specialty that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of internal diseases affecting adults. It encompasses a wide range of medical conditions, including those related to the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, hematological, endocrine, infectious, and immune systems. Internists, or general internists, are trained to provide comprehensive care for adult patients, managing both simple and complex diseases, and often serving as primary care physicians. They may also subspecialize in various fields such as cardiology, gastroenterology, nephrology, or infectious disease, among others.

A Radiology Information System (RIS) is a type of healthcare software specifically designed to manage medical imaging data and related patient information. It serves as a centralized database and communication platform for radiology departments, allowing the integration, storage, retrieval, and sharing of patient records, orders, reports, images, and other relevant documents.

The primary functions of a RIS typically include:

1. Scheduling and tracking: Managing appointments, scheduling resources, and monitoring workflow within the radiology department.
2. Order management: Tracking and processing requests for imaging exams from referring physicians or other healthcare providers.
3. Image tracking: Monitoring the movement of images throughout the entire imaging process, from acquisition to reporting and storage.
4. Report generation: Assisting radiologists in creating structured, standardized reports based on the interpreted imaging studies.
5. Results communication: Sending finalized reports back to the referring physicians or other healthcare providers, often through integration with electronic health records (EHRs) or hospital information systems (HIS).
6. Data analytics: Providing tools for analyzing and reporting departmental performance metrics, such as turnaround times, equipment utilization, and patient satisfaction.
7. Compliance and security: Ensuring adherence to regulatory requirements related to data privacy, protection, and storage, while maintaining secure access controls for authorized users.

By streamlining these processes, a RIS helps improve efficiency, reduce errors, enhance communication, and support better patient care within radiology departments.

Scintillation counting is a method used in medical physics and nuclear medicine to detect and quantify radioactivity. It relies on the principle that certain materials, known as scintillators, emit light flashes (scintillations) when they absorb ionizing radiation. This light can then be detected and measured to determine the amount of radiation present.

In a scintillation counting system, the sample containing radioisotopes is placed in close proximity to the scintillator. When radiation is emitted from the sample, it interacts with the scintillator material, causing it to emit light. This light is then detected by a photomultiplier tube (PMT), which converts the light into an electrical signal that can be processed and counted by electronic circuits.

The number of counts recorded over a specific period of time is proportional to the amount of radiation emitted by the sample, allowing for the quantification of radioactivity. Scintillation counting is widely used in various applications such as measuring radioactive decay rates, monitoring environmental radiation levels, and analyzing radioisotopes in biological samples.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Tin Fluorides" is not a widely recognized medical term or concept. Tin (Sn) and Fluoride (F-) are both chemical elements that can form various compounds together, such as tin(II) fluoride (SnF2) and tin(IV) fluoride (SnF4). These compounds have uses in industrial applications, but they are not typically associated with medical definitions.

Tin(II) fluoride, for example, is used in some toothpastes and dental products as a fluoride source to help prevent tooth decay. However, it's important to note that the medical definition of a substance like this would be more focused on its clinical use or effect, rather than its chemical composition alone.

If you have any questions about specific tin-fluoride compounds and their potential uses or effects in a medical context, I would recommend consulting a healthcare professional or a reliable source of information on pharmaceuticals or medical treatments.

Traditional medicine (TM) refers to health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs incorporating plant, animal and mineral-based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises, applied singularly or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent illnesses or maintain well-being. Although traditional medicine has been practiced since prehistoric times, it is still widely used today and may include:

1. Traditional Asian medicines such as acupuncture, herbal remedies, and qigong from China; Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani and Siddha from India; and Jamu from Indonesia.
2. Traditional European herbal medicines, also known as phytotherapy.
3. North American traditional indigenous medicines, including Native American and Inuit practices.
4. African traditional medicines, such as herbal, spiritual, and manual techniques practiced in various African cultures.
5. South American traditional medicines, like Mapuche, Curanderismo, and Santo Daime practices from different countries.

It is essential to note that traditional medicine may not follow the scientific principles, evidence-based standards, or quality control measures inherent to conventional (also known as allopathic or Western) medicine. However, some traditional medicines have been integrated into modern healthcare systems and are considered complementary or alternative medicines (CAM). The World Health Organization encourages member states to develop policies and regulations for integrating TM/CAM practices into their healthcare systems, ensuring safety, efficacy, and quality while respecting cultural diversity.

Kampo medicine is a traditional Japanese herbal medicine that has been officially integrated into the Japanese healthcare system since the late 19th century. It is based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) principles and theories, but it has evolved independently in Japan over centuries to reflect local medical needs, cultural preferences, and pharmacological research.

Kampo medicine typically involves the use of complex formulas containing multiple herbs, rather than single herbs, to address various health conditions and restore balance within the body. The formulas are often adjusted based on individual patient's symptoms, constitution, and physical condition. Kampo practitioners receive extensive training in both modern Western medicine and traditional Japanese medicine, allowing them to integrate both approaches for a more holistic treatment strategy.

Kampo has been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a valuable component of traditional medicine and is increasingly being studied in clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety for various health issues, including gastrointestinal disorders, menopausal symptoms, and mental health conditions.

A Radiology Department in a hospital is a specialized unit where diagnostic and therapeutic imaging examinations are performed using various forms of radiant energy, including X-rays, magnetic fields, ultrasound, and radio waves. The department is staffed by radiologists (physicians who specialize in the interpretation of medical images) and radiologic technologists who operate the imaging equipment.

The Radiology Department provides a range of services, such as:

1. Diagnostic Radiology: Uses various imaging techniques to diagnose and monitor diseases and injuries, including X-ray, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and mammography.
2. Interventional Radiology: Utilizes image guidance to perform minimally invasive procedures, such as biopsies, tumor ablations, and angioplasty.
3. Nuclear Medicine: Uses small amounts of radioactive materials to diagnose and treat diseases, including bone scans, thyroid studies, and positron emission tomography (PET) scans.
4. Radiation Therapy: Treats cancer using high-energy radiation beams targeted at tumors to destroy cancer cells while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.

The primary goal of the Radiology Department is to provide accurate and timely diagnostic information, support clinical decision-making, and contribute to improved patient outcomes through effective imaging services.

Organotechnetium compounds are chemical substances that contain carbon-technetium bonds, where technetium is an element with the symbol Tc and atomic number 43. These types of compounds are primarily used in medical imaging as radioactive tracers due to the ability of technetium-99m to emit gamma rays. The organotechnetium compounds help in localizing specific organs, tissues, or functions within the body, making them useful for diagnostic purposes in nuclear medicine.

It is important to note that most organotechnetium compounds are synthesized from technetium-99m, which is generated from the decay of molybdenum-99. The use of these compounds requires proper handling and administration by trained medical professionals due to their radioactive nature.

Whole Body Imaging (WBI) is a diagnostic technique that involves obtaining images of the entire body or significant portions of it, typically for the purpose of detecting abnormalities such as tumors, fractures, infections, or other diseases. This can be achieved through various imaging modalities including:

1. Whole Body Computed Tomography (WBCT): This is a series of CT scans taken from head to toe to create detailed cross-sectional images of the body. It's often used in trauma situations to identify internal injuries.

2. Whole Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging (WBMRI): This uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body's internal structures. It's particularly useful for detecting soft tissue abnormalities.

3. Positron Emission Tomography - Computed Tomography (PET-CT): This combines PET and CT scans to create detailed, 3D images of the body's functional processes, such as metabolism or blood flow. It's often used in cancer diagnosis and staging.

4. Whole Body Bone Scan: This uses a small amount of radioactive material to highlight areas of increased bone turnover, which can indicate conditions like fractures, tumors, or infections.

5. Whole Body PET: Similar to WBMRI, this uses positron emission tomography to create detailed images of the body's metabolic processes, but it doesn't provide the same level of anatomical detail as PET-CT.

It's important to note that while WBI can be a powerful diagnostic tool, it also involves higher doses of radiation (in the case of WBCT and Whole Body Bone Scan) and greater costs compared to single or limited area imaging studies. Therefore, its use is typically reserved for specific clinical scenarios where the benefits outweigh the risks and costs.

Radiology is a medical specialty that uses imaging technologies to diagnose and treat diseases. These imaging technologies include X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, positron emission tomography (PET) scans, ultrasound, and mammography. Radiologists are medical doctors who have completed specialized training in interpreting these images to diagnose medical conditions and guide treatment plans. They also perform image-guided procedures such as biopsies and tumor ablations. The goal of radiology is to provide accurate and timely information to help physicians make informed decisions about patient care.

Whole-body counting is a non-invasive nuclear medicine technique used for the detection and measurement of radioactivity in the human body. It involves the use of sensitive radiation detectors that can measure the gamma rays emitted by radionuclides present within the body tissues.

The individual lies on a table or sits in a chair with their entire body inside a large detector, which is typically a scintillation camera or a NaI(Tl) crystal. The detector measures the number and energy of gamma rays emitted from the body, allowing for the identification and quantification of specific radionuclides present within the body.

Whole-body counting has several clinical applications, including monitoring patients who have received therapeutic radioisotopes, evaluating the effectiveness of radiation therapy, detecting and measuring internal contamination due to accidental exposure or intentional intake, and assessing the distribution and retention of radionuclides in research studies.

It is important to note that whole-body counting does not provide anatomical information like other imaging techniques (e.g., CT, MRI), but rather offers functional data on the presence and quantity of radioactivity within the body.

Iodine radioisotopes are radioactive isotopes of the element iodine, which decays and emits radiation in the form of gamma rays. Some commonly used iodine radioisotopes include I-123, I-125, I-131. These radioisotopes have various medical applications such as in diagnostic imaging, therapy for thyroid disorders, and cancer treatment.

For example, I-131 is commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism and differentiated thyroid cancer due to its ability to destroy thyroid tissue. On the other hand, I-123 is often used in nuclear medicine scans of the thyroid gland because it emits gamma rays that can be detected by a gamma camera, allowing for detailed images of the gland's structure and function.

It is important to note that handling and administering radioisotopes require specialized training and safety precautions due to their radiation-emitting properties.

Medicine is a branch of healthcare that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and illness. It encompasses a variety of health profession practices, including but not limited to, the services provided by physicians, nurses, pharmacists, dentists, and allied health professionals.

Medicine can also refer to the substances or compounds used in the treatment and prevention of disease, often referred to as medications or drugs. These substances can be administered in various forms, such as oral (pills, liquids), topical (creams, ointments), injectable (shots, IVs), or inhaled (aerosols, nebulizers).

Overall, medicine is a multidisciplinary field that combines scientific research, clinical expertise, and patient values to promote health, prevent disease, and provide treatment for individuals and communities.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Purchasing, Hospital" is not a recognized medical term or concept. It seems that "purchasing" in this context might be referring to the process or department within a hospital responsible for acquiring goods, services, and equipment. This function is essential for the efficient and cost-effective operation of a hospital. However, without more specific context, it's challenging to provide a precise definition. If you have a particular aspect of hospital purchasing that you'd like to understand better, I'd be happy to help clarify if I can.

Tin compounds refer to chemical substances that contain tin (Sn) combined with one or more other elements. Tin can form various types of compounds, including oxides, sulfides, halides, and organometallic compounds. These compounds have different properties and uses depending on the other element(s) they are combined with.

For example:

* Tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) is a white powder used as an opacifying agent in glass and ceramics, as well as a component in some types of batteries.
* Tin (II) sulfide (SnS) is a black or brown solid used in the manufacture of some types of semiconductors.
* Tin (IV) chloride (SnCl4) is a colorless liquid used as a catalyst in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and other plastics.
* Organotin compounds, such as tributyltin (TBT), are used as biocides and antifouling agents in marine paints. However, they have been found to be toxic to aquatic life and are being phased out in many countries.

Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 (FDG-18) is not a medical condition, but a radiopharmaceutical used in medical imaging. It is a type of glucose (a simple sugar) that has been chemically combined with a small amount of a radioactive isotope called fluorine-18.

FDG-18 is used in positron emission tomography (PET) scans to help identify areas of the body where cells are using more energy than normal, such as cancerous tumors. The FDG-18 is injected into the patient's vein and travels throughout the body. Because cancer cells often use more glucose than normal cells, they tend to absorb more FDG-18.

Once inside the body, the FDG-18 emits positrons, which interact with electrons in nearby tissue, producing gamma rays that can be detected by a PET scanner. The resulting images can help doctors locate and assess the size and activity of cancerous tumors, as well as monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Oxyquinoline" does not have a specific medical definition as it is not a widely recognized medical term or a medication used in human healthcare. Oxyquinoline is an organic compound that contains a quinoline ring substituted with an alcohol group (hydroxyl) at position 8. It has been used in the past as a disinfectant and antiseptic, but it's not common in modern medical practice.

If you have any questions about medical terminology or concepts, please provide more context so I can offer a more accurate and helpful response.

Medical societies are professional organizations composed of physicians, surgeons, and other healthcare professionals who share a common purpose of promoting medical research, education, and patient care. These societies can focus on specific medical specialties, such as the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) for cancer specialists or the American College of Surgeons (ACS) for surgeons. They may also address broader issues related to healthcare policy, advocacy, and ethics. Medical societies often provide resources for continuing medical education, publish scientific journals, establish clinical practice guidelines, and offer networking opportunities for members.

Pentetic Acid, also known as DTPA (Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid), is not a medication itself but a chelating agent used in the preparation of pharmaceutical products. A chelating agent is a compound that can form multiple bonds with metal ions, allowing them to be excreted from the body.

Pentetic Acid is used in medical treatments to remove or decrease the levels of certain toxic metals, such as lead, plutonium, americium, and curium, from the body. It can be given intravenously or orally, depending on the specific situation and the formulation of the medication.

It is important to note that the use of Pentetic Acid should be under the supervision of a healthcare professional, as it can also bind to essential metals like zinc, calcium, and iron, which can lead to deficiencies if not properly managed.

Gallium is not a medical term, but it's a chemical element with the symbol Ga and atomic number 31. It is a soft, silvery-blue metal that melts at a temperature just above room temperature. In medicine, gallium compounds such as gallium nitrate and gallium citrate are used as radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic purposes in nuclear medicine imaging studies, particularly in the detection of inflammation, infection, and some types of cancer.

For example, Gallium-67 is a radioactive isotope that can be injected into the body to produce images of various diseases such as abscesses, osteomyelitis (bone infection), and tumors using a gamma camera. The way gallium distributes in the body can provide valuable information about the presence and extent of disease.

Therefore, while gallium is not a medical term itself, it has important medical applications as a diagnostic tool in nuclear medicine.

X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging method that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of the body. These cross-sectional images can then be used to display detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body.

The term "computed tomography" is used instead of "CT scan" or "CAT scan" because the machines take a series of X-ray measurements from different angles around the body and then use a computer to process these data to create detailed images of internal structures within the body.

CT scanning is a noninvasive, painless medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. CT imaging provides detailed information about many types of tissue including lung, bone, soft tissue and blood vessels. CT examinations can be performed on every part of the body for a variety of reasons including diagnosis, surgical planning, and monitoring of therapeutic responses.

In computed tomography (CT), an X-ray source and detector rotate around the patient, measuring the X-ray attenuation at many different angles. A computer uses this data to construct a cross-sectional image by the process of reconstruction. This technique is called "tomography". The term "computed" refers to the use of a computer to reconstruct the images.

CT has become an important tool in medical imaging and diagnosis, allowing radiologists and other physicians to view detailed internal images of the body. It can help identify many different medical conditions including cancer, heart disease, lung nodules, liver tumors, and internal injuries from trauma. CT is also commonly used for guiding biopsies and other minimally invasive procedures.

In summary, X-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique that uses computer-processed combinations of many X-ray images taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional images of the body. It provides detailed internal views of organs, bones, and soft tissues in the body, allowing physicians to diagnose and treat medical conditions.

Diagnostic techniques using radioisotopes, also known as nuclear medicine, are medical diagnostic procedures that use small amounts of radioactive material, called radioisotopes or radionuclides, to diagnose and monitor various diseases and conditions. The radioisotopes are introduced into the body through different routes (such as injection, inhalation, or ingestion) and accumulate in specific organs or tissues.

The gamma rays or photons emitted by these radioisotopes are then detected by specialized imaging devices, such as gamma cameras or PET scanners, which generate images that provide information about the structure and function of the organ or tissue being examined. This information helps healthcare professionals to make accurate diagnoses, monitor disease progression, assess treatment response, and plan appropriate therapies.

Common diagnostic techniques using radioisotopes include:

1. Radionuclide imaging (also known as scintigraphy): A gamma camera is used to produce images of specific organs or tissues after the administration of a radioisotope. Examples include bone scans, lung scans, heart scans, and brain scans.
2. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans: A PET scanner detects pairs of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide, such as fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), which is often used in oncology to assess metabolic activity and identify cancerous lesions.
3. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT): A specialized gamma camera rotates around the patient, acquiring multiple images from different angles that are then reconstructed into a 3D image, providing detailed information about organ function and structure.

Diagnostic techniques using radioisotopes offer several advantages, including high sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and the ability to assess both anatomical and functional aspects of organs and tissues. However, they also involve exposure to ionizing radiation, so their use should be balanced against potential risks and benefits, and alternative diagnostic methods should be considered when appropriate.

Allied health occupations refer to a group of healthcare professionals who provide a range of diagnostic, technical, therapeutic, and support services essential for the proper diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients. These professions include, but are not limited to:

1. Audiologists: Professionals who diagnose, evaluate, and treat hearing and balance disorders.
2. Dietitians/Nutritionists: Healthcare professionals who specialize in food and nutrition, and help individuals make healthy eating choices to prevent or manage chronic diseases.
3. Occupational Therapists: Professionals who help patients improve their ability to perform everyday activities through the use of therapeutic exercises and adaptive equipment.
4. Physical Therapists: Healthcare professionals who diagnose and treat movement disorders, injuries, and other physical impairments using exercise, massage, and other techniques.
5. Respiratory Therapists: Professionals who evaluate, diagnose, and treat breathing disorders and cardiopulmonary systems.
6. Speech-Language Pathologists: Healthcare professionals who diagnose and treat communication and swallowing disorders in individuals of all ages.
7. Diagnostic Medical Sonographers: Professionals who use ultrasound technology to create images of internal organs, tissues, and blood vessels for diagnostic purposes.
8. Radiologic Technologists: Healthcare professionals who perform medical imaging examinations such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRIs.
9. Rehabilitation Counselors: Professionals who help individuals with disabilities overcome barriers to employment, education, and independent living.
10. Social Workers: Healthcare professionals who provide emotional support, counseling, and advocacy services to patients and their families.

Allied health occupations are an essential part of the healthcare system and work collaboratively with physicians, nurses, and other healthcare providers to ensure high-quality patient care.

Gallium radioisotopes refer to specific types of gallium atoms that have unstable nuclei and emit radiation as they decay towards a more stable state. These isotopes are commonly used in medical imaging, such as in gallium scans, to help diagnose conditions like inflammation, infection, or cancer.

Gallium-67 (^67^Ga) is one of the most commonly used radioisotopes for medical purposes. It has a half-life of about 3.26 days and decays by emitting gamma rays. When administered to a patient, gallium-67 binds to transferrin, a protein that carries iron in the blood, and is taken up by cells with increased metabolic activity, such as cancer cells or immune cells responding to infection or inflammation. The distribution of gallium-67 in the body can then be visualized using a gamma camera, providing valuable diagnostic information.

A computer is a programmable electronic device that can store, retrieve, and process data. It is composed of several components including:

1. Hardware: The physical components of a computer such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard drive or solid-state drive), and input/output devices (monitor, keyboard, and mouse).
2. Software: The programs and instructions that are used to perform specific tasks on a computer. This includes operating systems, applications, and utilities.
3. Input: Devices or methods used to enter data into a computer, such as a keyboard, mouse, scanner, or digital camera.
4. Processing: The function of the CPU in executing instructions and performing calculations on data.
5. Output: The results of processing, which can be displayed on a monitor, printed on paper, or saved to a storage device.

Computers come in various forms and sizes, including desktop computers, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. They are used in a wide range of applications, from personal use for communication, entertainment, and productivity, to professional use in fields such as medicine, engineering, finance, and education.

In the field of medical imaging, "phantoms" refer to physical objects that are specially designed and used for calibration, quality control, and evaluation of imaging systems. These phantoms contain materials with known properties, such as attenuation coefficients or spatial resolution, which allow for standardized measurement and comparison of imaging parameters across different machines and settings.

Imaging phantoms can take various forms depending on the modality of imaging. For example, in computed tomography (CT), a common type of phantom is the "water-equivalent phantom," which contains materials with similar X-ray attenuation properties as water. This allows for consistent measurement of CT dose and image quality. In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), phantoms may contain materials with specific relaxation times or magnetic susceptibilities, enabling assessment of signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and other imaging parameters.

By using these standardized objects, healthcare professionals can ensure the accuracy, consistency, and reliability of medical images, ultimately contributing to improved patient care and safety.

Technetium Tc 99m Medronate is a radiopharmaceutical agent used in nuclear medicine for bone scintigraphy. It is a technetium-labeled bisphosphonate compound, which accumulates in areas of increased bone turnover and metabolism. This makes it useful for detecting and evaluating various bone diseases and conditions, such as fractures, tumors, infections, and arthritis.

The "Tc 99m" refers to the radioisotope technetium-99m, which has a half-life of approximately 6 hours and emits gamma rays that can be detected by a gamma camera. The medronate component is a bisphosphonate molecule that binds to hydroxyapatite crystals in bone tissue, allowing the radiolabeled compound to accumulate in areas of active bone remodeling.

Overall, Technetium Tc 99m Medronate is an important tool in nuclear medicine for diagnosing and managing various musculoskeletal disorders.

Teleradiology is a subspecialty of radiology that involves the transmission of medical images from one location to another for the purpose of interpretation and diagnosis by a radiologist. This technology allows radiologists to review and report on imaging studies, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans, remotely using secure electronic communication systems.

Teleradiology has become increasingly important in modern healthcare, particularly in emergency situations where immediate interpretation of medical images is necessary. It also enables radiologists to provide specialized expertise for complex cases, regardless of their geographic location. The use of teleradiology must comply with all relevant regulations and laws regarding patient privacy and data security.

Isotope labeling is a scientific technique used in the field of medicine, particularly in molecular biology, chemistry, and pharmacology. It involves replacing one or more atoms in a molecule with a radioactive or stable isotope of the same element. This modified molecule can then be traced and analyzed to study its structure, function, metabolism, or interaction with other molecules within biological systems.

Radioisotope labeling uses unstable radioactive isotopes that emit radiation, allowing for detection and quantification of the labeled molecule using various imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). This approach is particularly useful in tracking the distribution and metabolism of drugs, hormones, or other biomolecules in living organisms.

Stable isotope labeling, on the other hand, employs non-radioactive isotopes that do not emit radiation. These isotopes have different atomic masses compared to their natural counterparts and can be detected using mass spectrometry. Stable isotope labeling is often used in metabolic studies, protein turnover analysis, or for identifying the origin of specific molecules within complex biological samples.

In summary, isotope labeling is a versatile tool in medical research that enables researchers to investigate various aspects of molecular behavior and interactions within biological systems.

The "History of Medicine" refers to the evolution and development of medical knowledge, practices, and institutions over time. It includes the study of key figures, discoveries, theories, treatments, and societal attitudes that have shaped the way medicine is practiced and understood in different cultures and historical periods. This can encompass various fields such as clinical medicine, public health, medical ethics, and healthcare systems. The history of medicine provides valuable insights into the advances and setbacks in medical knowledge and offers lessons for addressing current and future medical challenges.

A laboratory (often abbreviated as lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurements may be performed. In the medical field, laboratories are specialized spaces for conducting diagnostic tests and analyzing samples of bodily fluids, tissues, or other substances to gain insights into patients' health status.

There are various types of medical laboratories, including:

1. Clinical Laboratories: These labs perform tests on patient specimens to assist in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. They analyze blood, urine, stool, CSF (cerebrospinal fluid), and other samples for chemical components, cell counts, microorganisms, and genetic material.
2. Pathology Laboratories: These labs focus on the study of disease processes, causes, and effects. Histopathology involves examining tissue samples under a microscope to identify abnormalities or signs of diseases, while cytopathology deals with individual cells.
3. Microbiology Laboratories: In these labs, microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites are cultured, identified, and studied to help diagnose infections and determine appropriate treatments.
4. Molecular Biology Laboratories: These labs deal with the study of biological molecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, to understand their structure, function, and interactions. They often use techniques like PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and gene sequencing for diagnostic purposes.
5. Immunology Laboratories: These labs specialize in the study of the immune system and its responses to various stimuli, including infectious agents and allergens. They perform tests to diagnose immunological disorders, monitor immune function, and assess vaccine effectiveness.
6. Toxicology Laboratories: These labs analyze biological samples for the presence and concentration of chemicals, drugs, or toxins that may be harmful to human health. They help identify potential causes of poisoning, drug interactions, and substance abuse.
7. Blood Banks: Although not traditionally considered laboratories, blood banks are specialized facilities that collect, test, store, and distribute blood and its components for transfusion purposes.

Medical laboratories play a crucial role in diagnosing diseases, monitoring disease progression, guiding treatment decisions, and assessing patient outcomes. They must adhere to strict quality control measures and regulatory guidelines to ensure accurate and reliable results.

Clinical medicine is a branch of medical practice that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in patients. It is based on the direct examination and evaluation of patients, including taking medical histories, performing physical examinations, ordering and interpreting diagnostic tests, and formulating treatment plans. Clinical medicine encompasses various specialties such as internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, and neurology, among others. The goal of clinical medicine is to provide evidence-based, compassionate care to patients to improve their health outcomes and quality of life.

Continuing education (CE) in the medical field refers to the ongoing process of learning and professional development that healthcare professionals engage in throughout their careers. The goal of CE is to maintain, develop, and increase knowledge, skills, and competence in order to provide safe, effective, and high-quality care to patients.

Continuing education activities can take many forms, including conferences, seminars, workshops, online courses, and self-study programs. These activities may cover a wide range of topics, such as new research findings, advances in clinical practice, changes in regulations or guidelines, and ethical issues.

Healthcare professionals are often required to complete a certain number of CE credits each year in order to maintain their licensure or certification. This helps ensure that they stay up-to-date with the latest developments in their field and are able to provide the best possible care to their patients.

Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) is a radiopharmaceutical agent used in nuclear medicine imaging procedures. The compound is made up of the radioisotope Technetium-99m, which emits gamma rays that can be detected by a gamma camera, and dimercaptosuccinic acid, which binds to certain types of metal ions in the body.

In medical imaging, Technetium Tc 99m DMSA is typically used to visualize the kidneys and detect any abnormalities such as inflammation, infection, or tumors. The compound is taken up by the renal tubules in the kidneys, allowing for detailed images of the kidney structure and function to be obtained.

It's important to note that the use of Technetium Tc 99m DMSA should be under the supervision of a trained medical professional, as with any radiopharmaceutical agent, due to the radiation exposure involved in its use.

Radiochemistry is not strictly a medical definition, but it is a term that is used in the field of nuclear medicine. Radiochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the use of radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) in chemical reactions. In nuclear medicine, radiochemists prepare and purify radioactive drugs (radiopharmaceuticals) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. These radiopharmaceuticals are used in various medical imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), to diagnose and monitor diseases, or in targeted therapies to treat cancer. Radiochemistry requires a deep understanding of chemistry, radiochemistry, and radiation safety.

Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi is a radiopharmaceutical compound used in medical imaging, specifically in myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. It is a technetium-labeled isonitrile chelate that is taken up by mitochondria in cells with high metabolic activity, such as cardiomyocytes (heart muscle cells).

Once injected into the patient's body, Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi emits gamma rays, which can be detected by a gamma camera. This allows for the creation of images that reflect the distribution and function of the radiopharmaceutical within the heart muscle. The images can help identify areas of reduced blood flow or ischemia, which may indicate coronary artery disease.

The uptake of Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi in other organs, such as the breast and thyroid, can also be used for imaging purposes, although its primary use remains in cardiac imaging.

Chinese herbal drugs, also known as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), refer to a system of medicine that has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It is based on the belief that the body's vital energy, called Qi, must be balanced and flowing freely for good health. TCM uses various techniques such as herbal therapy, acupuncture, dietary therapy, and exercise to restore balance and promote healing.

Chinese herbal drugs are usually prescribed in the form of teas, powders, pills, or tinctures and may contain one or a combination of herbs. The herbs used in Chinese medicine are typically derived from plants, minerals, or animal products. Some commonly used Chinese herbs include ginseng, astragalus, licorice root, and cinnamon bark.

It is important to note that the use of Chinese herbal drugs should be under the guidance of a qualified practitioner, as some herbs can interact with prescription medications or have side effects. Additionally, the quality and safety of Chinese herbal products can vary widely depending on the source and manufacturing process.

Credentialing is a process used in the healthcare industry to verify and assess the qualifications, training, licensure, and background of healthcare practitioners, such as doctors, nurses, and allied health professionals. The purpose of credentialing is to ensure that healthcare providers meet the necessary standards and requirements to provide safe and competent patient care within a specific healthcare organization or facility.

The credentialing process typically includes primary source verification of the following:

1. Education: Verification of the healthcare provider's completion of an accredited educational program leading to their degree or diploma.
2. Training: Confirmation of any required internships, residencies, fellowships, or other clinical training experiences.
3. Licensure: Validation of current, active, and unrestricted licensure or registration to practice in the healthcare provider's state or jurisdiction.
4. Certification: Verification of any relevant board certifications or specialty credentials held by the healthcare provider.
5. Work history: A review of the healthcare provider's professional work experience, including any gaps in employment or practice.
6. Malpractice and disciplinary history: Investigation of any malpractice claims, lawsuits, or disciplinary actions taken against the healthcare provider by a licensing board, professional organization, or court.
7. References: Solicitation and evaluation of professional references from colleagues and supervisors who can attest to the healthcare provider's clinical skills, character, and ability to provide quality patient care.
8. Clinical privileges: Granting specific clinical privileges based on the healthcare provider's qualifications, training, and experience, allowing them to perform certain procedures or treatments within the organization.
9. Background check: A criminal background check to ensure the healthcare provider has no disqualifying convictions or pending legal issues.
10. Immunization status: Verification of the healthcare provider's immunization status to protect patients and staff from infectious diseases.

Credentialing is usually performed by a dedicated committee within a healthcare organization, often called the Medical Staff Office or Credentials Committee. The process must be repeated periodically (usually every three years) to maintain the healthcare provider's privileges and ensure their continued compliance with the organization's standards and requirements.

Molecular imaging is a type of medical imaging that provides detailed pictures of what is happening at the molecular and cellular level in the body. It involves the use of specialized imaging devices and radiopharmaceuticals (radiotracers) to visualize and measure biological processes, such as gene expression, protein expression, or metabolic activity, within cells and tissues. This information can be used to detect disease at its earliest stages, monitor response to therapy, and guide the development of new treatments.

Molecular imaging techniques include positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT). These techniques differ in their ability to provide functional, anatomical, or molecular information about the body.

Overall, molecular imaging is a powerful tool for non-invasively visualizing and understanding biological processes at the molecular level, which can lead to improved diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient outcomes.

Sensitivity and specificity are statistical measures used to describe the performance of a diagnostic test or screening tool in identifying true positive and true negative results.

* Sensitivity refers to the proportion of people who have a particular condition (true positives) who are correctly identified by the test. It is also known as the "true positive rate" or "recall." A highly sensitive test will identify most or all of the people with the condition, but may also produce more false positives.
* Specificity refers to the proportion of people who do not have a particular condition (true negatives) who are correctly identified by the test. It is also known as the "true negative rate." A highly specific test will identify most or all of the people without the condition, but may also produce more false negatives.

In medical testing, both sensitivity and specificity are important considerations when evaluating a diagnostic test. High sensitivity is desirable for screening tests that aim to identify as many cases of a condition as possible, while high specificity is desirable for confirmatory tests that aim to rule out the condition in people who do not have it.

It's worth noting that sensitivity and specificity are often influenced by factors such as the prevalence of the condition in the population being tested, the threshold used to define a positive result, and the reliability and validity of the test itself. Therefore, it's important to consider these factors when interpreting the results of a diagnostic test.

Tantalum is not a medical term, but a chemical element with the symbol Ta and atomic number 73. It is a rare, hard, blue-gray, lustrous transition metal that is highly corrosion-resistant. In the field of medicine, tantalum is often used in the production of medical implants such as surgical pins, screws, plates, and stents due to its biocompatibility and resistance to corrosion. For example, tantalum mesh is used in hernia repair and tantalum rods are used in spinal fusion surgery.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine (3-IBG) is a radioactive tracer drug that is used in nuclear medicine to help diagnose and evaluate pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, which are rare tumors of the adrenal glands or nearby nerve tissue. It works by accumulating in the cells of these tumors, allowing them to be detected through imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans.

The drug contains a radioactive isotope of iodine (I-123 or I-131) that emits gamma rays, which can be detected by a gamma camera during the imaging procedure. The 3-IBG molecule also includes a guanidine group, which selectively binds to the norepinephrine transporter (NET) on the surface of the tumor cells, allowing the drug to accumulate within the tumor tissue.

It is important to note that the use of 3-IBG should be under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional, as it involves exposure to radiation and may have potential side effects.

Regenerative medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the repair or replacement of damaged or diseased cells, tissues, and organs using various strategies, including the use of stem cells, tissue engineering, gene therapy, and biomaterials. The goal of regenerative medicine is to restore normal function and structure to tissues and organs, thereby improving the patient's quality of life and potentially curing diseases that were previously considered incurable.

Regenerative medicine has shown promise in a variety of clinical applications, such as the treatment of degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis, spinal cord injuries, heart disease, diabetes, and liver failure. It also holds great potential for use in regenerative therapies for wound healing, tissue reconstruction, and cosmetic surgery.

The field of regenerative medicine is rapidly evolving, with new discoveries and advances being made regularly. As our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms that drive tissue repair and regeneration continues to grow, so too will the potential clinical applications of this exciting and promising field.

Emergency medicine is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of acute illnesses or injuries that require immediate medical attention. This can include conditions such as severe trauma, cardiac arrest, stroke, respiratory distress, and other life-threatening situations. Emergency medicine physicians, also known as emergency doctors or ER doctors, are trained to provide rapid assessment, diagnosis, and treatment in a fast-paced and often unpredictable environment. They work closely with other healthcare professionals, such as nurses, paramedics, and specialists, to ensure that patients receive the best possible care in a timely manner. Emergency medicine is a critical component of the healthcare system, providing essential services for patients who require immediate medical attention, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Technetium Tc 99m Pyrophosphate (Tc-99m PYP) is a radiopharmaceutical agent used in nuclear medicine imaging, specifically myocardial perfusion imaging. It is a complex of technetium-99m, a metastable isotope of technetium, with pyrophosphate, a molecule that accumulates in damaged heart muscle tissue.

When injected into the patient's bloodstream, Tc-99m PYP is taken up by the heart muscle in proportion to its blood flow and the degree of damage or scarring (fibrosis). This allows for the detection and evaluation of conditions such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), cardiomyopathy, and heart transplant rejection.

The imaging procedure involves the injection of Tc-99m PYP, followed by the acquisition of images using a gamma camera, which detects the gamma rays emitted by the technetium-99m isotope. The resulting images provide information about the distribution and extent of heart muscle damage, helping physicians to make informed decisions regarding diagnosis and treatment planning.

Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) is a medical approach that combines the best available scientific evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make informed decisions about diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases. It emphasizes the use of systematic research, including randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, to guide clinical decision making. EBM aims to provide the most effective and efficient care while minimizing variations in practice, reducing errors, and improving patient outcomes.

Film dosimetry is a method used in radiation therapy to measure the distribution and amount of radiation absorbed by a material or tissue. This is achieved through the use of special photographic films that undergo physical and chemical changes when exposed to ionizing radiation. The changes in the film's optical density, which can be quantified using a densitometer or a film scanner, are directly proportional to the absorbed dose.

The films used in film dosimetry have a sensitive layer composed of silver halide crystals suspended in a gelatin matrix. When exposed to radiation, these crystals undergo a process called "fogging," where some of the silver ions are reduced to silver atoms, creating microscopic specks of metallic silver that scatter light and cause the film to darken. By comparing the optical density of an irradiated film to that of a calibration curve, which relates optical density to absorbed dose for a specific film type and energy, the absorbed dose can be accurately determined.

Film dosimetry has several advantages, including its high spatial resolution, wide dynamic range, and ability to provide 2D or even 3D dose distributions. However, it also has some limitations, such as its energy dependence, non-negligible inherent noise, and the need for careful handling and processing. Despite these challenges, film dosimetry remains a valuable tool in radiation therapy for applications like quality assurance, treatment planning, and dosimeter calibration.

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Nuclear medicine organizations, Hospitals in Karachi, Cancer hospitals in Pakistan, All stub articles, Nuclear medicine stubs, ... Compared to other nuclear medicine centers in Karachi, such as AKUH, Baqai Medical University, and Liaquat National Hospital, ... Nuclear medicine in Pakistan "Cancer Hospitals". PAEC. Retrieved December 25, 2016. "Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy & ... The Karachi Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (KIRAN) is a cancer hospital in Karachi, Pakistan under the ...
American Board of Nuclear Medicine American Board of Science in Nuclear Medicine Nuclear medicine physician Budinger, Thomas ... The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI), formerly the Society of Nuclear Medicine, is a nonprofit ... Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 52 (10): 32N. PMID 21969403. Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging DiscoverMI.org ( ... "The formation and evolution of the society of nuclear medicine". Seminars in Nuclear Medicine. 26 (3): 180-190. doi:10.1016/ ...
Nuclear medicine organizations, Medical and health organisations based in Pakistan, Nuclear technology in Pakistan, Constituent ... The Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Oncology and Radiotherapy (Urdu: جوہری طبی رسولی اور شعاعي علاج کا ادارہ, or INOR) is ... Ayub Teaching Hospital Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission Institute of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine Pakistan Atomic Energy ... The PAEC has made a priority to apply nuclear technology in order to improve Pakistan's health sector. INOR patients receive ...
"European Association of Nuclear Medicine - EJNMMI". Eanm.org. Archived from the original on 2012-10-24. Retrieved 2012-11-01. " ... "European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging". Springer. Springer. Retrieved June 26, 2023. Official website ... It is the official journal of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine. Since 1976, the EJNMMI has published material ... The European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (EJNMMI) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by ...
"Radioisotopes in Medicine , Nuclear Medicine - World Nuclear Association". www.world-nuclear.org. Brooks, Gord L. (2 December ... The Embalse Nuclear Power Station (Spanish: Central Nuclear Embalse) is one of three operational nuclear power plants in ... "BNamericas - The Embalse Nuclear Power Plant returns to s..." BNamericas.com. "Embalse Nuclear Generating Station Life ... Argentina portal Energy portal Nuclear technology portal National Atomic Energy Commission Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant Atucha ...
Iturralde, Mario P. (December 1996). "Molybdenum-99 production in South Africa". European Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 23 (12 ... Helikon vortex separation process Nuclear fuel cycle Nuclear reprocessing South Africa and weapons of mass destruction "Nuclear ... South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (NECSA) Web site Nuclear Liabilities Management, a division of NECSA tasked with ... "South Africa Nuclear Chronology" (PDF). Nuclear Threat Initiative. Retrieved 27 January 2017. "Annual Report 2016" (PDF). NECSA ...
Due to these intersecting risks, nuclear pharmacy is a heavily regulated field. The majority of diagnostic nuclear medicine ... Emergence of the specialty of nuclear pharmacy" (PDF). Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology. 28 (1): 8-11, quiz 20. PMID ... Nuclear medicine Pharmacy Radiopharmacology Christian, John E. (June 1948). "The applications of radioactive tracer techniques ... Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pharmacy, Nuclear medicine, Medical physics). ...
Nuclear Medicine. 46 (3): 65-75. doi:10.1160/nukmed-0068. PMID 17549317. S2CID 23972101. Mandel SJ, Brent GA, Larsen PR ( ... U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Levothyroxine sodium". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Real- ... Portal: Medicine (CS1 German-language sources (de), Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Use ... Poor compliance in taking the medicine is the most common cause of elevated TSH levels in people receiving appropriate doses of ...
"Collimators for Nuclear Medicine". Nuclear Fields. Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles (2010) [1879]. "collimo". A Latin ... An additional method enabling this same forward collimation effect, less well studied, may deploy strategic nuclear ...
"Nuclear medicine". NPL. Retrieved 2 February 2020. Shah, N. Jon (2018). Hybrid MR-PET Imaging: Systems, Methods and ... Mediso is a Hungarian manufacturer of nuclear medicine imaging equipment. Their range includes gamma cameras, PET scanners and ... As well as manufacturing equipment, the company also operates two diagnostic nuclear medicine centres, in Debrecen and Budapest ... In 1998 it acquired the nuclear medicine assets of Gamma Works. Mediso is unique amongst clinical diagnostic imaging ...
Nuclear Medicine. NIH. 39 (5): 121-6. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1632257. PMID 10984887. S2CID 43341029. Retrieved 26 June 2020. ... Cox, Alvin J. (1945). "Variations in size of the human stomach". California and Western Medicine. 63 (6): 267-268. PMC 1473711 ...
In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology, as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy, but on the function. For ... Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References Medicine Outline of medicine List of medical ... Nuclear medicine imaging, in a sense, is "radiology done inside out" or "endoradiology" because it records radiation emitting ... Nuclear medicine - is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of ...
Tomographic Imaging in Nuclear Medicine. New York: The Society of Nuclear Medicine. pp. 142-153. Cho ZH, Eriksson L, Chan JK ( ... June 2004). "Imaging of adrenal incidentalomas with PET using (11)C-metomidate and (18)F-FDG". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 45 ... March 2019). "18F-Fluoride PET/CT SUV?". Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 60 (3): 322-327. doi:10.2967/jnumed.118.208710. PMC ... Prekeges, Jennifer (2012). Nuclear Medicine Instrumentation. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 1449645372. p. 189. Wikimedia ...
They are commonly used in nuclear medicine to supply a radiopharmacy. The generator provides a way to separate the desired ... Saha, Gopal B. (2010). Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy. Springer. p. 67. ISBN 9781441958600. Currie, GM; Wheat, JM; Davidson, ... typically a nuclear reactor) to individual users; the loss of activity due to decay in transit can result in too little being ... Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry: Radiochemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry in life sciences. Springer Science & Business ...
Human subject research List of Nuclear Medicine Societies Nuclear medicine physician Nuclear pharmacy Nuclear technology ... A nuclear medicine whole body bone scan. The nuclear medicine whole body bone scan is generally used in evaluations of various ... The history of nuclear medicine will not be complete without mentioning these early pioneers. Nuclear medicine gained public ... "What is nuclear medicine" (PDF). Society of Nuclear Medicine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-01-17. Retrieved 2009-01 ...
Nuclear Medicine Physicians, Nuclear Medicine, Curriculum Planning, Training Curriculum, Competencies, Knowledge, Skills, ... Training Curriculum for Nuclear Medicine Physicians. ×. If you would like to learn more about the IAEAs work, sign up for our ... This publication addresses the different components in which any well trained nuclear medicine physician must be competent. It ... INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Training Curriculum for Nuclear Medicine Physicians, IAEA-TECDOC-1883, IAEA, Vienna (2019). ...
Nuclear imaging is a branch of radiology that uses small, safe amounts of radioactive material to diagnose a variety of ... Nuclear Medicine Imaging at UPMC. What Are Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging and Theranostics?. Nuclear medicine imaging: ... Physical Rehabilitation Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Primary Care Senior Services Sports Medicine Transplant Surgery Urgent ... Before Your Nuclear Imaging Test. If youre claustrophobic or fear enclosed spaces, talk to your doctor before the day of your ...
Articles, news, products, blogs and videos covering the Resources > Vendors > Nuclear Medicine > Accessories market.
IAEA Partners with SNMMI to Strengthen Nuclear Medicine Training Worldwide ×. If you would like to learn more about the IAEAs ... Nuclear medicine is a key aspect in the management of non-communicable diseases - from early detection to monitoring a ... The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) signed an agreement today with the U.S.-based Society of Nuclear Medicine and ... "We are witnessing a growing demand for nuclear medicine services to manage an increasing number of patients suffering from non- ...
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Fibroblast activated protein as new target for nuclear theranostics. Dr Jeremie Calais has designed and initiated at UCLA ...
Nuclear Energy/Nuclear medicine. From Wikibooks, open books for an open world ... Nuclear medicine is one of the imaging and diagnostic methods in which small amounts of radioactive material are used to ... In this article, we have introduced and reviewed nuclear medicine, how to diagnose diseases by this method and how to do it. ... Retrieved from "https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Nuclear_Energy/Nuclear_medicine&oldid=4292510" ...
Nuclear Medicine at Sutter Medical Center. Learn more about our services and how we partner with you to create personalized ... Sutter Medical Center Nuclear Medicine If youve been diagnosed with cancer and need to know if it has spread; if you have ... Common uses of nuclear medicine include perfusion studies, which visualize how well blood is used by the heart, the lungs and ... Nuclear medicine can also be used for a wide range of other purposes including bone, kidney, liver, spleen, thyroid and lung ...
During 1981-1990, an estimated 38 million nuclear medicine procedures were performed in the 21 states where nuclear medicine is ... Patient Exposures to HIV During Nuclear Medicine Procedures MMWR 41(31);575-578 Publication date: 08/07/1992. Table of Contents ... Editorial Note: Nuclear medicine procedures most often involve the intravenous injection, inhalation, or oral ingestion of ... In the United States, approximately 7-10 million such procedures are performed annually in radiology, nuclear medicine, and ...
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15) in this issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine presents practical data for the treatment of 131I-treated patients as ... 15) enables the nuclear medicine physician to determine the maximum 131I dose that can be prescribed for each individual ... For correspondence or reprints contact: John M.H. de Klerk, MD, PhD, Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center ... Precautions should be taken to limit the radiation exposure of the nuclear medicine physician, nursing personnel, the patients ...
Consultant Physician Nuclear Medicine, MD, FEBNM, ABNC at Spire Healthcare. Learn more about this consultant here. ... degree and fellowship in nuclear medicine from the European Society of Nuclear Medicine and a Diplomate certified in nuclear ... I moved to the UK in 2003 as a Consultant Physician in Nuclear Medicine at Medway Hospital with a special interest in thyroid ... I trained as a specialist in nuclear medicine in University Hospital in Granada, Spain and a year rotation in the USA ...
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et al. (2023) In European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 50(5). p.1371-1383 ... In European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 50(5). p.1510-1520 ...
Nuclear Medicine. In nuclear medicine, the patient is given a radioactive tracer agent either by mouth (capsule) or intravenous ... 2C and Nuclear Medicine) and Urologic Imaging Without X-rays - Ultrasonography, MRI, and Nuclear Medicine What to Read Next on ... Nuclear medicine applications for neuroendocrine tumors. World J Surg. 2000 Nov. 24(11):1285-9. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... A few nuclear medicine physicians in large referral centers have adequate experience to reliably provide the clinician with ...
This occurs through hands-on courses and within the framework of a structured fellowship (mainly Nuclear Physicians and ... USZ Nuclear Medicine cannot guarantee such a special training program and applications have to be made at least 2 months in ... Education/Fellowship at the Department of Nuclear Medicine. Since the introduction of the first world-wide clinical PET/CT in ... This occurs through hands-on courses and within the framework of a structured fellowship (mainly Nuclear Physicians and ...
... and Israeli governmentsto develop a new type of nuclear medicine detector. The ... Digital gamma cameras have been one of the hottest new developmentsin nuclear medicine, and at last years Radiological Society ... U.S.-Israel commission awards GE grant for nuclear medicine R&D. February 15, 1995. Article ... and Israeli governmentsto develop a new type of nuclear medicine detector. The detectorscould lead to the development of solid- ...
The Mission of the AERB is to ensure the use of ionising radiation and nuclear energy in India does not cause undue risk to the ... Nuclear Medicine Facilities. *Regulatory Requirements and Guidelines for new Nuclear Medicine Facility ... Guidelines to prepare site and layout drawings for Nuclear Medicine Facility. *Typical layout diagram for Nuclear Medicine ... List of Nuclear Medicine Facilities licensed by AERB *Procedure for approval as RSO for high dose therapy facilities in NM and ...
These labels are used for patients who have received gamma-emitting radionuclides. Printed in magenta ink on yellow background, labels are backed with a…
Nuclear medicine - thyroid cancer. Model of activity kinetics. After oral administration of radioactive 131I to a patient, ... Intelligent decision support of diagnosis and therapy in nuclear medicine by Bayesian processing of uncertain data and ...
Nuclear Medicines Market size was USD 5.2 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach USD 9.7 billion by 2032, and register a ... Nuclear Medicines Market, By Product Type (Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine and Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine), By Application ( ... the global nuclear medicines market is segmented into diagnostic nuclear medicine and therapeutic nuclear medicine. The ... What was the global nuclear medicines market size in 2022? The global nuclear medicines market size was USD 5.2 Billion in 2022 ...
Journal of Nuclear Medicine. journal. 2.299 Q1. 232. 362. 1016. 10935. 6173. 918. 5.72. 30.21. ... Nuclear Medicine and Biology. journal. 0.975 Q1. 96. 116. 351. 3992. 1087. 343. 2.73. 34.41. ... Nuclear Medicine Communications. journal. 0.565 Q2. 78. 167. 459. 4333. 801. 405. 1.82. 25.95. ... Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology. journal. 0.723 Q2. 133. 440. 1072. 12117. 1864. 983. 1.55. ...
Production of nuclear medicine at ANSTOs Nuclear Medicine facility was halted on 21 June following an accident in which the ... Production of nuclear medicine at ANSTOs nuclear medicine (ANM) facility[1] was halted on 21 June following an accident in ... Read more: Contamination event at ANSTO Nuclear Medicine facility. [1] The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology ... The CEOs decision was informed by previous safety events during nuclear medicine production at ANSTO as well as ARPANSAs ...
The growth of the overall North American nuclear medicine/radiopharmaceuticals market can be contributed to increasing ... The North American nuclear medicine/radiopharmaceuticals market is poised to reach USD 2.98 Billion by 2020, growing at a CAGR ... The North American nuclear medicine/radiopharmaceuticals market is poised to reach USD 2.98 Billion by 2020, growing at a CAGR ... North American Nuclear Medicine/Radiopharmaceuticals Market worth 2.98 Billion USD by 2020 ...
View the Graduate achievement data of students from the Bachelor of Science in Nuclear Medicine Technology-Accelerated program. ...
  • Nuclear imaging, in a sense, is "radiology done inside out" because it records radiation emitted from within the body rather than radiation that is transmitted through the body from external sources like X-ray generators. (wikipedia.org)
  • In addition, nuclear medicine scans differ from radiology, as the emphasis is not on imaging anatomy, but on the function. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the United States, approximately 7-10 million such procedures are performed annually in radiology, nuclear medicine, and cardiology departments and clinics. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the specialized types of radiology for accurately diagnosing illness is nuclear medicine. (novanthealth.org)
  • San Radiology & Nuclear Medicine has a highly dedicated team of Radiologists and Nuclear Medicine specialists who collectively bring a wealth of experience to the San. (sah.org.au)
  • The Radiology Department got an early rectilinear scanner which I believe was used for lung and other body scans and my first real contact with that was Dr. William Ashburn, who is now the Chief of Nuclear Medicine at La Jolla, and Bill was, I guess, maybe a second or third year resident in the Radiology Department at that time. (nih.gov)
  • Although we all are exposed to ionizing radiation every day from the natural environment, added exposures like those from nuclear medicine procedures can slightly increase the risk of developing cancer later in life. (cdc.gov)
  • Two common uses of nuclear medicine for treatment include radioactive iodine therapy and brachytherapy (a form of radiation treatment where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment). (cdc.gov)
  • Health concerns related to radiation exposure of the female nuclear medicine patient. (nih.gov)
  • The nuclear medicine technologist applies knowledge of radiation physics and safety regulations to limit radiation exposure of the general public, patients, fellow workers, and self to as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA). (hccs.edu)
  • With further training, a Nuclear Medicine Technologist could perform computed tomography (CT) imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnostic medical sonography, or radiation therapy. (hccs.edu)
  • Radioisotopes in unsealed form used to carry out diagnostic and therapeutic operations in nuclear medicine practices have a potential for radiation contamination and exposure. (aerb.gov.in)
  • To establish and operate a Nuclear Medicine Facility, the user institute is advised to go through the regulatory requirements as mentioned in the AERB Safety Code for Nuclear Medicine Facilities, AERB/RF-SC/MED-2(Rev.2), 2011 and Atomic Energy (Radiation Protection) Rules, 2004 and shall obtain requisite regulatory consent through AERB's web-based system eLORA. (aerb.gov.in)
  • The amount of radiation in a nuclear medicine test is about the same as you would receive from a diagnostic X-ray. (sah.on.ca)
  • If you are entering the United States following a Nuclear Medicine procedure you will be detected by the radiation detectors located at the border crossing. (sah.on.ca)
  • The amount of radiation from a Nuclear Medicine procedure is often comparable to that received during a regular X-ray exam. (radnet.com)
  • And somewhere along about 1965, from my vantage point--I had survived as the sole Chairman of the Radiation Committee when George Williams got off--and I felt that this subject of nuclear medicine as an entity was coming into being. (nih.gov)
  • Providing guidance for over 90 years to the fields of radiation science, radiation medicine and radiation protection. (icru.org)
  • Then, the MIRD (medical internal radiation dose) approach to nuclear medical dosimetry, a robust method that has proven its clinical utility, is described. (icru.org)
  • Occupational exposure to ionising radiation and mortality among workers of the former Spanish Nuclear Energy Board. (bmj.com)
  • The Nuclear medicine unit of the Medical radiation physics research group, Malmö, Lund university has a long tradition of performing biokinetic studies and producing dosimetric models. (lu.se)
  • Martin Andersson, "Radiation dose to patients in diagnostic nuclear medicine. (lu.se)
  • Sigrid Leide Svegborn, "Radiation exposure of the patient in diagnostic nuclear medicine. (lu.se)
  • Nuclear medicine is the second largest source of medical radiation exposure to the general population after computed tomography imaging. (nih.gov)
  • To address these challenges, Dr. Choonsik Lee from the NCI created a radiation dose-calculation tool for nuclear medicine imaging modalities based on more sophisticated human anatomy models. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty that uses radioactive tracers (radiopharmaceuticals) to assess bodily functions and to diagnose and treat disease. (nih.gov)
  • Editorial Note: Nuclear medicine procedures most often involve the intravenous injection, inhalation, or oral ingestion of radioactive materials (i.e., radiopharmaceuticals or radiotracers) for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. (cdc.gov)
  • The bulk of radiopharmaceuticals are supplied by ANSTO Health, a fully owned division of the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation. (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • Nuclear medicine imaging uses a special camera, a computer and small amounts of radioactive material, called radiopharmaceuticals. (novanthealth.org)
  • Some players predict that radiopharmaceuticals could represent a major milestone in medicine, on a par with anesthesia, X-rays and organ transplants. (ibj.com)
  • The nuclear medicine technologist is an allied health professional who, under the direction of an authorized user, is committed to applying the art and skill of diagnostic evaluation and therapeutics through the safe and effective use of radiopharmaceuticals and pharmaceuticals. (hccs.edu)
  • Nuclear Medicine uses very small amounts of radioactive materials (also called radiopharmaceuticals) to diagnose and treat disease. (radnet.com)
  • The radiopharmaceuticals used in Nuclear Medicine emit gamma rays that can be detected externally by special types of cameras. (radnet.com)
  • By product type, the nuclear medicine market is segmented into diagnostic nuclear medicine and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. (medgadget.com)
  • Let the technologist know of any recent Nuclear Medicine tests you might have had so they can determine if that test will interfere with other procedures you have had previously, or have scheduled. (southnassau.org)
  • The nuclear medicine technologist exhibits professionalism in the performance of duties, demonstrates an empathetic and instructional approach to patient care and maintains confidentiality of information as required. (hccs.edu)
  • A Nuclear Medicine Technologist, whose career requires the specialist to stand for long periods, is routinely transferring patients from wheelchairs and stretchers to scanning tables, giving injections and taking vital signs with or without accommodation. (hccs.edu)
  • A Nuclear Medicine Technologist finds employment in hospitals and diagnostic clinics. (hccs.edu)
  • According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics the average salary for an entry-level Nuclear medicine Technologist in May 2022. (hccs.edu)
  • A Nuclear Medicine Technologist performs the nuclear medicine test. (sah.on.ca)
  • If you are pregnant or think you might be pregnant, it is very important that you notify imaging technologist before your Nuclear Imaging procedure. (breachcandyhospital.org)
  • In March 2022 there were 216 medical specialists working in the field of nuclear medicine. (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • Finally, we focus on the fields where challenges should be set out to introduce AI in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging in a reliable manner. (springer.com)
  • The medical research scenario in the U.S. is highly advanced and developed enough to incorporate advancements in the field of nuclear medicine into its stride easily. (medgadget.com)
  • SN Nuclearelectrica SA advances the development of nuclear medicine in Europe through innovative agreement with BWXT Medical Ltd., part of BWX Technologies, Inc. The agreement between Nuclearelectrica and BWXT Medical Ltd. will explore the possibility to enhance cooperation in the field of nuclear medicine in Europe, for the production of medical isotopes. (nuclearelectrica.ro)
  • The techniques commonly used within the field of nuclear medicine are non-invasive methods for imaging of biochemical, morphological and physiological processes in vivo. (lu.se)
  • The research study studies all the variables affecting the nuclear medicine market's growth in order to present a comprehensive look into the market's present condition and possible growth trajectory over the forecast period from 2018 to 2023. (medgadget.com)
  • L'ACMN est fière d'annoncer que sa conférence annuelle de 2023 se tiendra à Ottawa, en Ontario. (canm-acmn.ca)
  • Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography or SPECT and Positron Emission Tomography or PET scans are the two most common imaging modalities in nuclear medicine. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear medicine tests differ from most other imaging modalities in that nuclear medicine scans primarily show the physiological function of the system being investigated as opposed to traditional anatomical imaging such as CT or MRI. (wikipedia.org)
  • In these studies, performance evaluations of nuclear medicine imaging modalities including SYMBIA Evo Excel Dual Head SPECT Scanners, SYMBIA T16 SPECT-CT System and Nucline TH-45 Single Head Gamma Camera for Thyroid have been done to ensure the quality of service given to the patients. (banglajol.info)
  • Imaging modalities utilizing nuclear medicine produce a more detailed view of internal structure and function and are most commonly used to diagnose diseases such as heart disease, Alzheimer's and brain disorders. (nih.gov)
  • Your healthcare provider may recommend a nuclear medicine procedure to diagnose or treat a health problem. (cdc.gov)
  • If you have been scheduled to have a procedure at Mount Sinai South Nassau using Nuclear Medicine, please review the following frequently asked questions and answers prior to your procedure, and let us know if you have any other questions. (southnassau.org)
  • Let us know what procedures you are scheduled for and we can tell you if the Nuclear Medicine procedure will interfere with it. (southnassau.org)
  • In Nuclear Medicine procedure, the radio-pharmaceutical is injected in to blood stream or swallowed by the patient. (aerb.gov.in)
  • What happens during a Nuclear Medicine procedure? (radnet.com)
  • The way you prepare for a nuclear medicine procedure depends on the type of exam you are having. (breachcandyhospital.org)
  • Nuclear medicine specialists are fellows of the Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) and complete post-Fellowship training at RACP or the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR). (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • They work with nuclear medicine technologists, accredited by the Australian and New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine. (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • There is an immediate demand for qualified nuclear medicine technologists in settings such as hospitals, physician's offices and imaging clinics. (oakland.edu)
  • According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), nuclear medicine technologists earned a median pay of $78,760 per year in 2021. (oakland.edu)
  • Certifications include positron emission tomography (PET), nuclear cardiology (NCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or computed tomography (CT). (oakland.edu)
  • Computed tomography (CT) scans and bone density tests are examples of imaging tests available within nuclear medicine. (novanthealth.org)
  • X-ray computed tomography (CT) is commonly used for anatomical imaging, while nuclear imaging, such as Positron emission tomography (PET) and Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) are used for molecular visualizations using biologically active compounds labelled with radionuclides. (lu.se)
  • PITTSBURGH - UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside and UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh have been designated as Comprehensive Radiopharmaceutical Therapy Centers of Excellence by the Society of Nuclear Medicine & Molecular Imaging (SNMMI), which recognizes facilities that offer the latest technology, cutting-edge research, Food and Drug Administration-approved radiopharmaceutical therapies and the best health care possible in this field of medicine. (upmc.com)
  • Artificial intelligence (AI) will change the face of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging as it will in everyday life. (springer.com)
  • Founded by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI), the Value Initiative includes an industry alliance, of which Digirad is a member, providing a forum for the industry to work in partnership. (digirad.com)
  • Nuclear medicine (NM) / molecular imaging (MI) is a medical speciality that uses radioactive tracers of nanogram levels, in order to diagnose, confirm or exclude various pathologies and diseases in the body or for staging of malignancies and follow-up after therapy. (lu.se)
  • What are nuclear medicine scans used for? (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear medicine scans ( also known as nuclear imaging, radionuclide imaging, and nuclear scans ) can help doctors find tumors and see how much the cancer has spread in the body (called the cancer's stage ). (cancer.org)
  • What do nuclear scans show? (cancer.org)
  • Nuclear scans make pictures based on the body's chemistry (like metabolism) rather than on physical shapes and forms (as is the case with other imaging tests). (cancer.org)
  • Nuclear scans may not find very small tumors, and cannot always tell whether a tumor is really cancer. (cancer.org)
  • Some nuclear scans are also used to measure heart function. (cancer.org)
  • How do nuclear scans work? (cancer.org)
  • Nuclear materials get used in everything from PET scans to chemotherapy. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Within nuclear medicine is a group of tests that use certain types of radioactive materials to produce images called PET scans. (radiationanswers.org)
  • Nuclear scans use radioactive substances to see structures and functions inside your body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In addition, there are nuclear medicine studies that allow imaging of the whole body based on certain cellular receptors or functions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear medicine imaging techniques give doctors another way to look inside the human body. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Nuclear medicine provides unique information that often cannot be obtained using other imaging procedures. (novanthealth.org)
  • Although it is extremely rare, you may experience an allergic reaction to the radiopharmaceutical used for nuclear imaging tests. (novanthealth.org)
  • Our service model centres on the delivery of subspecialty reporting across the full spectrum of diagnostic, nuclear and interventional imaging to maximise patient and referring doctor confidence. (sah.org.au)
  • Nuclear medicine is medical imaging that uses small amounts of radioactive material, known as radiotracers, to diagnose and determine the severity of, or treat, a variety of diseases. (southnassau.org)
  • Nuclear medicine imaging provides unique information that often cannot be obtained using other imaging procedures, and offers the potential to identify disease in its earliest stages. (southnassau.org)
  • Competently perform imaging and non-imaging nuclear medicine procedures. (hccs.edu)
  • Nuclear medicine imaging has special importance as it can detect the molecular level activity within the body which helps in identification of disease in its earliest stage and the metastasis growth in cancer. (aerb.gov.in)
  • Nuclear Medicine imaging can be used for many applications, including but not limited to thyroid disease, cardiac function, orthopedic injury and infection, blood clots in the lungs, liver and gall bladder function, and response to cancer treatment. (radnet.com)
  • It's no secret that the ordering and management of radioisotopes for nuclear imaging is a complicated and often cumbersome process. (digirad.com)
  • In layman's terms, it's a type of non-invasive nuclear imaging test that allows your doctor to see how well your internal organs are functioning. (digirad.com)
  • Performance evaluation of the imaging systems of nuclear medicine have been checked and compared with the previous data which were collected at the time of acceptance testing at the National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences (NINMAS). (banglajol.info)
  • The Department of Nuclear Medicine in Breach Candy Hospital Trust falls under the broad umbrella of Medical Imaging and provides diagnostic imaging and radionuclide therapy services. (breachcandyhospital.org)
  • BWXT Medical Ltd., part of BWX Technologies, Inc., has more than 40 years of experience in the nuclear medicine field, namely medical isotopes production, pharma products, medical devices, enhancing cooperation to further develop new treatments in the nuclear medicine domain through the development, manufacturing and supply of imaging diagnostics and radiotherapy treatment products. (nuclearelectrica.ro)
  • The Calgary Radiopharmaceutical Centre (CRC) has Stannous DISIDA kits available for distribution to Nuclear Medicine departments performing hepatobiliary imaging. (canm-acmn.ca)
  • When using radionuclides for diagnosis or therapy in nuclear medicine, it is critical to accurately estimate unintended dose to organs at risk surrounding tumors or of therapeutic or imaging interest. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, a graphical user interface, named the National Cancer Institute Dosimetry System for Nuclear Medicine (NCINM), was created to facilitate the dosimetry process. (nih.gov)
  • You will gain practical clinical experience and develop skills to providing diagnostic, therapeutic and investigative applications in the field of medicine. (oakland.edu)
  • INTRODUCTION - The Canadian Association of Nuclear Medicine (CANM) strives for excellence in the practice of diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine by promoting the continued professional competence of nuclear medicine specialists, establishing guidelines of clinical practice, and encouraging biomedical research. (canm-acmn.ca)
  • A nuclear medicine SPECT liver scan with technetium-99m labeled autologous red blood cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Le Dr Mihaela Ginj passe en revue les produits radiopharmaceutiques SPECT sans Tc99m disponibles au Canada. (canm-acmn.ca)
  • Marie Sydoff, "Quantification methods for clinical studies in nuclear medicine - Applications in AMS, PET/CT and SPECT/CT", 2013, (PhD Thesis). (lu.se)
  • Although the potential for transmission of bloodborne pathogens to patients through transfusion of contaminated blood is well known, it is less widely recognized that such transmission can also occur during medical procedures involving withdrawal and reinjection of blood or blood products (e.g., nuclear medicine procedures). (cdc.gov)
  • Since 1989, three patients (two in hospitals in the United States and one in the Netherlands) undergoing nuclear medicine procedures have been reported to have inadvertently received intravenous injections of blood or other material from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • All three instances of errors in administration of radiotracers to patients undergoing nuclear medicine procedures were preventable because they resulted from errors in the identification of the patient and/or materials to be injected. (cdc.gov)
  • Administration errors in nuclear medicine procedures are relatively rare. (cdc.gov)
  • the facilities in these states represent approximately 40% of those performing nuclear medicine procedures in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code range for Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Procedures 78800-78999 is a medical code set maintained by the American Medical Association. (aapc.com)
  • Does the nuclear test interfere with any other procedures that I have scheduled or have had done previously? (southnassau.org)
  • Nuclear Medicine procedures are used for diagnosis/treatment of many types of cancers, cardiac disease, endocrine & neurological disorders, etc. (aerb.gov.in)
  • Therefore, adequate care in ensuring safe handling of radioisotopes is required to be taken while carrying out Nuclear Medicine procedures. (aerb.gov.in)
  • Nuclear medicine procedures are very safe. (sah.on.ca)
  • Osteoporosis: radiologic and nuclear medicine procedures. (cdc.gov)
  • Healthcare providers treat a range of conditions using information captured through nuclear medicine. (novanthealth.org)
  • Nuclear medicine has become an important part of the healthcare sector in recent years due to the steady development of better, more technologically advanced variants of nuclear medicine, as well as the rising prevalence of target conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. (medgadget.com)
  • The increasing threat of cancer in the U.S. has made cancer research a prime topic for healthcare giants, leading to nuclear medicine taking on an important role. (medgadget.com)
  • In a type of nuclear medicine called positron emission tomography (PET), the tracer is used to show the natural activity of cells, providing more detailed information on how organs are working and if there is damage to the cells. (cdc.gov)
  • Nuclear medicine myocardial perfusion scan with thallium-201 for the rest images (bottom rows) and Tc-Sestamibi for the stress images (top rows). (wikipedia.org)
  • The nuclear medicine myocardial perfusion scan plays a pivotal role in the non-invasive evaluation of coronary artery disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • 1995)‎. Nuclear medicine. (who.int)
  • The goal of the SNMMI designation is to ensure that patients have reliable access to high-quality radiopharmaceutical therapy, well-integrated into their pathway of care, delivered by highly qualified therapy teams, at technically qualified sites and led by physicians appropriately trained in nuclear medicine acting as the patient's nuclear oncologist. (upmc.com)
  • Nuclear medicine is the medical specialty that utilizes the nuclear properties of radioactive and stable nuclides to make diagnostic evaluations of the physiologic and/or anatomic conditions of the body and to provide therapy with unsealed radioactive sources. (hccs.edu)
  • Additionally, nuclear medicine pharmaceuticals can be used in the treatment or therapy of various cancers and disease processes. (sah.on.ca)
  • Some of these therapies are not available in other sites in Western Pennsylvania or even other centers across the country," said Ashok Muthukrishnan , M.D., chief of nuclear medicine at UPMC. (upmc.com)
  • Nuclear Medicine provides a valuable view of the structure and function of internal organs. (radnet.com)
  • The nuclear medicine hepatobiliary scan is clinically useful in the detection of the gallbladder disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Clinical Nuclear Medicine. (lww.com)
  • The Bachelor of Science in Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences with a specialization in Nuclear Medicine Technology (NMT), offered in the Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences , prepares you to use radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. (oakland.edu)
  • The main objective of the Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine​ is to provide optimal patient investigations and a good patient experience. (rigshospitalet.dk)
  • DR. MANDEL: This is an interview of Dr. Jack Davidson, Dr. Giovanni DiChiro, Dr. Gerald Johnston, and Dr. John Harbert, all formerly of the Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Clinical Center about the history of that department. (nih.gov)
  • Interviewing these gentlemen will be Dr. Richard Mandel, who is currently on contract with the Clinical Center Office of communications developing a history of the Clinical Center, Dennis Rodrigues from the NIH Historical Office and Ronald Newman from the Department of Nuclear Medicine, who is currently the Chief of that section. (nih.gov)
  • DR. MANDEL: What I would like to do this afternoon is start as close to the beginning as we can in terms of Nuclear Medicine at the Clinical Center and then we'll come through the l960s and years subsequent to that. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear Medicine or the department that would become Nuclear Medicine was given an independent status by Jack Masur, in the original leadership of the Clinical Center. (nih.gov)
  • And I made a formal proposal to the management in Building 1 that they ought to consider instituting a Department of Nuclear Medicine in the Clinical Center to centralize these facilities and to be available then to all patients in any institute. (nih.gov)
  • Dr. Jack Davidson created a set about the NIH Clinical Center's Nuclear Medicine Department (NMD). (nih.gov)
  • Nuclear medicine or nucleology is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • These are part of the medical specialty called nuclear medicine . (howstuffworks.com)
  • Nuclear medicine is the medical specialty that uses radioactive isotopes for diagnosis and treatment. (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • The Australasian Association of Nuclear Medicine Specialists (AANMS) represents the specialty of nuclear medicine in Australia. (healthdirectory.com.au)
  • Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention of serious diseases. (sah.on.ca)
  • Last year, Curium, a nuclear medicine company with headquarters in London and Paris, purchased Zevacor Molecular, one of the first radiopharmaceutical players here, which had built a $10 million plant in Noblesville. (ibj.com)
  • Nuclear medicine uses radioactive material inside the body to see how organs or tissue are functioning (for diagnosis) or to target and destroy damaged or diseased organs or tissue (for treatment). (cdc.gov)
  • By end use, the nuclear medicine market is segmented into hospitals and diagnostic centers, research institutes, and others. (medgadget.com)
  • The session explored how to address the pandemic within your nuclear department. (digirad.com)
  • International air transport has been the main bottleneck in getting radioisotopes and nuclear medicines where they are needed during the COVID-19 pandemic, but Nuclear Medicine Europe (NMEu) says there are signs the situation is improving. (canm-acmn.ca)
  • For most diagnostic studies in nuclear medicine, the radioactive tracer is administered to a patient by intravenous injection. (nih.gov)
  • The nuclear medicine physician will select the tracer that will provide the most specific and reliable information for a patient's particular problem. (nih.gov)
  • citation needed] There are several techniques of diagnostic nuclear medicine. (wikipedia.org)
  • National Library of Medicine Recommended Formats for Bibliographic Citation. (nih.gov)
  • The specific type of nuclear scan you'll have depends on which organ the doctor wants to look into. (cancer.org)
  • While X-rays image the body's anatomy, Nuclear Medicine shows actual organ function and physiology. (radnet.com)
  • Nuclear Medicine is the speciality that utilises unsealed radioisotopes in the form of radio-pharmaceuticals to investigate disorders of anatomy, physiology and patho-physiology for diagnosis and/or treatment of diseases. (aerb.gov.in)
  • Students may apply for specialization standing in Nuclear Medicine Technology after completing the CDS curriculum, generally at the end of the sophomore year. (oakland.edu)
  • The senior year consists of a 12-14 month affiliation at an approved school of nuclear medicine technology. (oakland.edu)
  • A two-year Nuclear Medicine Technology Program student routinely learns the skills needed professionally between 8 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. in both classrooms and in on-site lab settings. (hccs.edu)
  • Job placement indicates graduate employment status at six months post-graduation from a nuclear medicine technology program. (hccs.edu)
  • France could emerge as a strong regional market for nuclear medicine over the forecast period due to the support for nuclear technology in the country and the resultant development of a widespread research infrastructure for research into applications of the same. (medgadget.com)
  • Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology. (snmjournals.org)
  • Message Body (Your Name) thought you would like to see the Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology web site. (snmjournals.org)
  • NaturalNews) (NaturalNew) Nuclear medicine has been around for decades, as has the technology for the federal government to monitor and track nuclear materials. (naturalnews.com)
  • Learn more about nuclear technology, its benfits, and its dangers. (nih.gov)
  • A nuclear medicine whole body bone scan. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nuclear medicine whole body bone scan is generally used in evaluations of various bone-related pathology, such as for bone pain, stress fracture, nonmalignant bone lesions, bone infections, or the spread of cancer to the bone. (wikipedia.org)
  • A nuclear medicine parathyroid scan demonstrates a parathyroid adenoma adjacent to the left inferior pole of the thyroid gland. (wikipedia.org)
  • The nuclear medicine V/Q scan is useful in the evaluation of pulmonary embolism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnostic tests in nuclear medicine exploit the way that the body handles substances differently when there is disease or pathology present. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nuclear medicine uses radioactive substances to image the body and treat disease. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Patients typically do not experience side effects or allergic reactions since most of the compounds used in Nuclear Medicine are naturally-occurring substances in the body. (radnet.com)
  • Asia Oceania journal of nuclear medicine & biology. (nih.gov)
  • Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Medicine , 25 (1), 28-35. (banglajol.info)
  • Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry , 270 (2), 483-487. (bgu.ac.il)
  • The National Academies were asked by the Department of Energy (DOE) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to review the state of the science of nuclear medicine in response to discussions between the DOE and the Office of Management and Budget about the future scientific areas of research for the DOE's Medical Applications and Sciences Program. (nih.gov)
  • Nuclearelectrica advances the development of nuclear medicine in Europe through innovative agreement with BWXT Medical Ltd., part of BWX Technologies, Inc. (nuclearelectrica.ro)
  • The nuclear industry nowadays is essential both for generating clean electricity and to ensure the production of medical isotopes. (nuclearelectrica.ro)
  • BWXT Medical is committed to increasing the reliable supply of life-saving medical isotopes for the nuclear medicine market worldwide. (nuclearelectrica.ro)
  • Nuclear medicine studies focus mainly on anatomy, document organ structure and function. (sah.on.ca)
  • Medscape's Society of Nuclear Medicine Conference Coverage was developed in collaboration with the Society of Nuclear Medicine . (medscape.com)
  • The material presented here does not reflect the views of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, Medscape or the companies providing unrestricted educational grants. (medscape.com)
  • The materials presented here were prepared by independent authors under the editorial supervision of Medscape, and do not represent a publication of the Society of Nuclear Medicine. (medscape.com)
  • These materials and the related activity are not sanctioned by the Society of Nuclear Medicine or the commercial supporter of the conference, and do not constitute an official part of that conference. (medscape.com)
  • Based on recommendations by the French Society of Nuclear Medicine (SFMN) and the German Nuclear Medicine Society (DGN). (canm-acmn.ca)
  • We are at the start of a revolution, and it's taking place right here in Indiana," Tiffany Olson, president of Cardinal Health Nuclear & Precision Health Solutions, said during an online panel discussion in May hosted by BioCrossroads, an Indianapolis-based group that promotes and invests in the life sciences sector. (ibj.com)
  • These are specially trained health care professionals who have direct experience in the theory and practice of nuclear medicine. (sah.on.ca)
  • Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. (bmj.com)
  • Then, a library of S values was derived from these SAFs and the nuclear decay data from ICRP Publication 107. (nih.gov)
  • The Americas is likely to be the major contributor to the global nuclear medicine market over the forecast period thanks to the dominant contribution of North American countries such as the U.S. and Canada. (medgadget.com)
  • While the ability of nuclear metabolism to image disease processes from differences in metabolism is unsurpassed, it is not unique. (wikipedia.org)
  • Personnel working in a nuclear medicine ward was regularly measured using a whole body counter. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Tracers are designed to act like natural products in the body allowing nuclear medicine tests to look at how the body is working. (sah.on.ca)
  • Nuclear Medicine tests are designed to monitor normal processes in the body. (sah.on.ca)
  • If you are in the Nuclear Medicine Department having the test and you think you are having a reaction, let the staff know, and a clinician will assess you to determine if any treatment is needed. (southnassau.org)
  • If you develop a reaction after leaving the Nuclear Medicine Department, contact your Doctor or go to the nearest ER. (southnassau.org)