Neural Conduction
Heart Conduction System
Atrioventricular Node
Heart Block
Ringo, Doty, Demeter and Simard, Cerebral Cortex 1994;4:331-343: a proof of the need for the spatial clustering of interneuronal connections to enhance cortical computation. (1/3268)
It has been argued that an important principle driving the organization of the cerebral cortex towards local processing has been the need to decrease time lost to interneuronal conduction delay. In this paper, I show for a simplified model of the cerebral cortex, using analytical means, that if interneuronal conduction time increases proportional to interneuronal distance, then the only way to increase the numbers of synaptic events occurring in a fixed finite time period is to spatially cluster interneuronal connections. (+info)Spinal cord-evoked potentials and muscle responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation in 10 awake human subjects. (2/3268)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TCMS) causes leg muscle contractions, but the neural structures in the brain that are activated by TCMS and their relationship to these leg muscle responses are not clearly understood. To elucidate this, we concomitantly recorded leg muscle responses and thoracic spinal cord-evoked potentials (SCEPs) after TCMS for the first time in 10 awake, neurologically intact human subjects. In this report we provide evidence of direct and indirect activation of corticospinal neurons after TCMS. In three subjects, SCEP threshold (T) stimulus intensities recruited both the D wave (direct activation of corticospinal neurons) and the first I wave (I1, indirect activation of corticospinal neurons). In one subject, the D, I1, and I2 waves were recruited simultaneously, and in another subject, the I1 and I2 waves were recruited simultaneously. In the remaining five subjects, only the I1 wave was recruited first. More waves were recruited as the stimulus intensity increased. The presence of D and I waves in all subjects at low stimulus intensities verified that TCMS directly and indirectly activated corticospinal neurons supplying the lower extremities. Leg muscle responses were usually contingent on the SCEP containing at least four waves (D, I1, I2, and I3). (+info)Multiple point electrical stimulation of ulnar and median nerves. (3/3268)
A computer-assisted method of isolating single motor units (MUs) by multiple point stimulation (MPS) of peripheral nerves is described. MPS was used to isolate 10-30 single MUs from thenar and hypothenar muscles of normal subjects and patients with entrapment neuropathies, with the original purpose of obtaining a more representative mean motor unit potential for estimating the number of MUs in a muscle. The two important results that evolved from MPS however, were: (1) in the absence of 'alternation' MUs were recruited in an orderly pattern from small to large, and from longer to shorter latencies by graded electrical stimulation in both normal and pathological cases, (2) a comparison of the sizes of MUs recruited by stimulation proximal and distal to the elbow suggested that axonal branching can occur in the forearm 200 mm or more proximal to the motor point in intrinsic hand muscles. (+info)Acute conduction velocity changes in guinea-pigs after administration of diphenylhydantoin. (4/3268)
Motor nerve conduction velocity was measured after dosing guinea-pigs with 200-400 mumol/kg diphenylhydantoin (DPH) daily for three to four days. Conduction velocity fell by a mean value of 13% in animals that achieved plasma DPH levels over 200 mumol/l. There was no change in velocity with DPH levels below this value. (+info)Electrophysiological evidence for tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in slowly conducting dural sensory fibers. (5/3268)
A tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium channel was recently identified that is expressed only in small diameter neurons of peripheral sensory ganglia. The peripheral axons of sensory neurons appear to lack this channel, but its presence has not been investigated in peripheral nerve endings, the site of sensory transduction in vivo. We investigated the effect of TTX on mechanoresponsiveness in nerve endings of sensory neurons that innervate the intracranial dura. Because the degree of TTX resistance of axonal branches could potentially be affected by factors other than channel subtype, the neurons were also tested for sensitivity to lidocaine, which blocks both TTX-sensitive and TTX-resistant sodium channels. Single-unit activity was recorded from dural afferent neurons in the trigeminal ganglion of urethan-anesthetized rats. Response thresholds to mechanical stimulation of the dura were determined with von Frey monofilaments while exposing the dura to progressively increasing concentrations of TTX or lidocaine. Neurons with slowly conducting axons were relatively resistant to TTX. Application of 1 microM TTX produced complete suppression of mechanoresponsiveness in all (11/11) fast A-delta units [conduction velocity (c.v.) 5-18 m/s] but only 50% (5/10) of slow A-delta units (1.5Diaphragm electromyogram measured with unilateral magnetic stimulation. (6/3268)
The purpose of this study was to establish the phrenic nerve conduction time (PNCT) for magnetic stimulation and further assess the relatively new technique of anterior unilateral magnetic stimulation (UMS) of the phrenic nerves in evaluating the diaphragm electromyogram (EMG). An oesophageal electrode was used to record the diaphragm compound muscle action potential (CMAP) elicited by supramaximal percutaneous electrical phrenic nerve stimulation (ES) and UMS from eight normal subjects. The oesophageal electrode used for recording the CMAP was positioned at the level of the hiatus and 3 cm below. The diaphragm CMAP was also recorded from chest wall surface electrodes in five subjects. All of the phrenic nerves could be maximally stimulated with UMS. A clear plateau of the amplitude of the CMAP was achieved for the right and left phrenic nerves. The mean amplitudes of the CMAP recorded from the oesophageal electrode were, for the right side, 0.74+/-0.29 mV (mean+SD) for ES and 0.76+/-0.30 mV for UMS with maximal power output, and for the left side 0.88+/-0.33 mV for ES and 0.80+/-0.24 mV for UMS. PNCT measured by the oesophageal electrode with ES and UMS with maximal output were, for the right side, 7.0+/-0.8 ms and 6.9+/-0.8 ms, respectively, and for the left side 7.8+/-1.2 ms and 7.7+/-1.3 ms, respectively. However, the CMAP recorded from chest wall surface electrodes with UMS was unsuitable for the measurement of PNCT. The results suggest that unilateral magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves combined with an oesophageal electrode can be used to assess diaphragmatic electrical activity and measure the phrenic nerve conduction time. (+info)Activity-dependent slowing of conduction differentiates functional subtypes of C fibres innervating human skin. (7/3268)
1. The effects of impulse activity on conduction in cutaneous C fibres have been examined in 46 microneurographic recordings from 11 normal subjects and 11 diabetic patients with normal nerve conduction. A tungsten microelectrode was inserted into a cutaneous nerve, usually the superficial peroneal close to the ankle, and intraneural microstimulation was used to identify an area of skin innervated. Three minute trains of 0.25 ms stimuli at 1, 2 and 4 Hz were then delivered to the surface of the skin, separated by intervals of 6 min with stimulation at 0.25 Hz. Slowing and block of conduction were measured from the nerve responses for up to seven C units per stimulation sequence. 2. Three types of C unit were distinguished by their responses to repetitive stimulation: type 1 units slowed progressively during the 3 min trains; slowing of type 2 units reached a plateau within 1 min; while type 3 units hardly slowed at all. Data from normal and diabetic subjects did not differ and were pooled. After 3 min at 2 Hz, the percentage increases in latency were for type 1, 28.3 +/- 9.7 (n = 63 units, mean +/- s.d.); for type 2, 5.2 +/- 1.6 (n = 14); and for type 3, 0.8 +/- 0.5 (n = 5), with no overlap. After 3 min at 4 Hz, 58 % of type 1 units (but no type 2 or 3 units) blocked intermittently. Recovery of latency after stimulation was faster for type 2 than for type 1 units, but conduction velocities of the three types were similar. 3. Type 1 units were identified as nociceptors and 7 type 2 units were identified as 'cold' fibres, activated by non-noxious cold, with no overlap in modality. None of the units tested was activated by weak mechanical stimuli or reflex sympathetic activation. 4. Spike waveforms were averaged for 18 type 1, 10 type 2 and 6 type 3 units. All units had predominantly triphasic action potentials with a major negative peak, but those of type 3 units were on average both smaller and briefer than those of type 1 and type 2 units. 5. It is concluded that repetitive electrical stimulation reliably differentiates nociceptive from cold-specific C fibres innervating human hairy skin, as has previously been shown for the rat. Cold fibres can propagate impulses continuously at much higher rates than nociceptive fibres. The nature of the type 3 units is unclear. (+info)Thapsigargin inhibits a potassium conductance and stimulates calcium influx in the intact rat lens. (8/3268)
1. An increase in lens cell calcium has long been associated with cortical cataract. Recently, it has been shown that thapsigargin induces a rise in lens cell calcium by release from endoplasmic reticulum stores. The effects of this rise on the optical and membrane characteristics of the lens were studied in the isolated rat lens. 2. The electrical characteristics of the isolated, perifused rat lens were measured using a two-internal microelectrode technique that permits measurement of plasma membrane conductance (Gm), membrane potential (Vm) and junctional conductance in the intact lens. 3. Thapsigargin (1 microM) induced a rapid overall depolarization of Vm that was accompanied by first a decrease and then an increase in Gm. 4. Replacing external Na+ with tetraethylammonium (TEA) abolished the decrease in Gm. However, a transient increase phase was still observed. 5. The changes in conductance were further characterized by measuring 22Na+ and 45Ca2+ influxes into the isolated lens. Thapsigargin (1 microM) induced a transient increase in 45Ca2+, but did not affect Na+ influx. 6. The Ca2+ channel blocker La3+ (10 microM) totally inhibited the thapsigargin-induced Ca2+ influx. It also blocked the increase in Gm observed in control and in Na+-free-TEA medium. In the absence of external calcium, thapsigargin induced a small depolarization in Vm. 7. These data indicate that thapsigargin induces both a decrease in K+ conductance and an increase in Ca2+ conductance. These probably result from release of stored Ca2+ and subsequent activation of store-operated Ca2+ channels (capacitative Ca2+ entry). 8. Thapsigargin application over the time course of these experiments (24 h) had no effect on junctional conductance or on the transparency of the lens. (+info)Neural conduction is the process by which electrical signals, known as action potentials, are transmitted along the axon of a neuron (nerve cell) to transmit information between different parts of the nervous system. This electrical impulse is generated by the movement of ions across the neuronal membrane, and it propagates down the length of the axon until it reaches the synapse, where it can then stimulate the release of neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons or target cells. The speed of neural conduction can vary depending on factors such as the diameter of the axon, the presence of myelin sheaths (which act as insulation and allow for faster conduction), and the temperature of the environment.
The heart conduction system is a group of specialized cardiac muscle cells that generate and conduct electrical impulses to coordinate the contraction of the heart chambers. The main components of the heart conduction system include:
1. Sinoatrial (SA) node: Also known as the sinus node, it is located in the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava and functions as the primary pacemaker of the heart. It sets the heart rate by generating electrical impulses at regular intervals.
2. Atrioventricular (AV) node: Located in the interatrial septum, near the opening of the coronary sinus, it serves as a relay station for electrical signals between the atria and ventricles. The AV node delays the transmission of impulses to allow the atria to contract before the ventricles.
3. Bundle of His: A bundle of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that conducts electrical impulses from the AV node to the ventricles. It divides into two main branches, the right and left bundle branches, which further divide into smaller Purkinje fibers.
4. Right and left bundle branches: These are extensions of the Bundle of His that transmit electrical impulses to the respective right and left ventricular myocardium. They consist of specialized conducting tissue with large diameters and minimal resistance, allowing for rapid conduction of electrical signals.
5. Purkinje fibers: Fine, branching fibers that arise from the bundle branches and spread throughout the ventricular myocardium. They are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses to the working cardiac muscle cells, triggering coordinated ventricular contraction.
In summary, the heart conduction system is a complex network of specialized muscle cells responsible for generating and conducting electrical signals that coordinate the contraction of the atria and ventricles, ensuring efficient blood flow throughout the body.
The atrioventricular (AV) node is a critical part of the electrical conduction system of the heart. It is a small cluster of specialized cardiac muscle cells located in the lower interatrial septum, near the opening of the coronary sinus. The AV node receives electrical impulses from the sinoatrial node (the heart's natural pacemaker) via the internodal pathways and delays their transmission for a brief period before transmitting them to the bundle of His and then to the ventricles. This delay allows the atria to contract and empty their contents into the ventricles before the ventricles themselves contract, ensuring efficient pumping of blood throughout the body.
The AV node plays an essential role in maintaining a normal heart rhythm, as it can also function as a backup pacemaker if the sinoatrial node fails to generate impulses. However, certain heart conditions or medications can affect the AV node's function and lead to abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrioventricular block or atrial tachycardia.
Heart block is a cardiac condition characterized by the interruption of electrical impulse transmission from the atria (the upper chambers of the heart) to the ventricles (the lower chambers of the heart). This disruption can lead to abnormal heart rhythms, including bradycardia (a slower-than-normal heart rate), and in severe cases, can cause the heart to stop beating altogether. Heart block is typically caused by damage to the heart's electrical conduction system due to various factors such as aging, heart disease, or certain medications.
There are three types of heart block: first-degree, second-degree, and third-degree (also known as complete heart block). Each type has distinct electrocardiogram (ECG) findings and symptoms. Treatment for heart block depends on the severity of the condition and may include monitoring, medication, or implantation of a pacemaker to regulate the heart's electrical activity.
Neuroimaging intelligence testing
Peroneal nerve paralysis
Medial forebrain bundle
Neural accommodation
Nerve conduction velocity
Alcoholic polyneuropathy
Brain cell
CNS demyelinating autoimmune diseases
Axon
Types of artificial neural networks
Stéphanie P. Lacour
Heart development
Sulfatide
Scolopidia
Neurapraxia
Spike directivity
Pramocaine
Quantitative models of the action potential
Efferent nerve fiber
Models of neural computation
Musculocutaneous nerve
Surface chemistry of neural implants
Progesterone
Brain-computer interface
Sensorineural hearing loss
Guy Cheron
Biophysics
Epalrestat
Guillaume Duchenne de Boulogne
Neural substrate of locomotor central pattern generators in mammals
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Neurons6
- Transplantation of neural progenitor cells (NPC) is a promising therapeutic strategy for replacing neurons lost after spinal cord injury, but significant challenges remain regarding neuronal integration and functional connectivity. (jneurosci.org)
- To make a direct and principled connection between the SI waveform and underlying neural dynamics, we developed a biophysically realistic computational SI model that contained excitatory and inhibitory neurons in supragranular and infragranular layers. (jneurosci.org)
- This influx initiates a neural-destructive cascade that damages other neurons. (healingtherapies.info)
- Myelination of central neurons increases conduction velocity of action potentials and provides metabolic support to axons 1 , 2 . (biorxiv.org)
- Information transmission in neural networks is often described in terms of the rate at which neurons emit action potentials. (frontiersin.org)
- Spike-timing and heterogenous conduction delays between neurons are crucial properties in this model. (martinpyka.de)
Prolonged conduction block1
- Fourteen patients presented prolonged conduction block (CB) related to hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (n = 7), neuropathy with proximal multifocal persistent CB (n = 2), radiation plexopathy (n = 3) and chronic acquired polyneuropathy (n = 2). (nih.gov)
Increases the conduction2
- Myelination of central nervous system axons increases the conduction speed of neural impulses and contributes to the function and maintenance of neural circuits. (biorxiv.org)
- The Myelin Sheath: Essential for Rapid Saltatory Conduction The synthesis and maintenance of the myelin sheath is critical for normal neural function because myelination is responsible for the saltatory conduction of action potentials that significantly increases the conduction velocity of electrical signals (Bartzokis, 2004). (bartleby.com)
Impulses3
- Proper conduction of neuronal impulses along the myelinated nerves hinges on the structure of myelin. (cuny.edu)
- Demyelination disrupts the conduction of electrical impulses along nerve fibers, and results in regional neural deficits. (cshlpress.com)
- Sending neural impulses quickly down a long nerve fiber requires insulation with myelin, which is formed by a cell called an oligodendrocyte that wraps itself around a neuron. (stanford.edu)
Bone conduction1
- Our Waves™ headphones offer simultaneous air and bone conduction stimulation known to positively affect the brain's neural networks. (advancedbrain.com)
Cardiac conduction2
- Specific chapters are devoted to various muscle and non-muscle cell lineages involved in heart development, including those of the neural crest, endo- and epicardium, fibroblasts, coronary vessels, and cardiac conduction and lymphatic systems. (cshlpress.com)
- Schematic illustration of the cardiac conduction system. (medscape.com)
Neuronal3
- These findings provide the first evidence for the ability of NPC to form a neuronal relay by extending active axons across the injured spinal cord to the intended target establishing a critical step for neural repair with stem cells. (jneurosci.org)
- Neuronal activity also causes an increase in the thickness of the myelin sheaths within the active neural circuit, making signal transmission along the neural fiber more efficient. (stanford.edu)
- Neuronal conduction depends upon the right balance of calcium ions between the cell inside and outside. (healingtherapies.info)
Myelin sheath1
- The myelin sheath enhances impulse conduction. (msdmanuals.com)
Velocity3
- Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) is a test to see how fast electrical signals move through a nerve. (medlineplus.gov)
- The conduction velocity of propagation is important because it controls the flow of information necessary for vital cognitive functions. (bartleby.com)
- With continued performance or the HRLF task for 3 months, significant declines in median nerve conduction velocity was present bilaterally in aged rats. (cdc.gov)
Synchronization2
- Therefore, myelination is critical for the normal patterns of neural circuits' activation and synchronization, and for normal physiological, cognitive and behavioral performance. (biorxiv.org)
- As a result, better synchronization of the neural excitation can be obtained so that higher response amplitudes can be expected. (interacoustics.com)
Artificial Neural N2
- In this paper, the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in the form of Convolutional Neural Networks (AlexNET) for the fast and energy-efficient fitting of the Dynamic Memdiode Model (DMM) to the conduction characteristics of bipolar-type resistive switching (RS) devices is investigated. (tu-darmstadt.de)
- However, conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and machine learning algorithms cannot take advantage of this coding strategy, due to their rate-based representation of signals. (frontiersin.org)
Stimulation4
- In patients with CMT, cochlear implantation may reconstitute synchronous neural activity by way of supraphysiological electrical stimulation. (hindawi.com)
- Simulations also demonstrated that β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in this specific region reduced the formation of conduction block and the probability of premature ventricular activation propagation. (frontiersin.org)
- While high levels of overall cardiac sympathetic drive are a negative prognostic indicator of mortality following MI and during heart failure, β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in the infarct border zone reduced spatially heterogeneous alternans, and prevented conduction block and propagation of extrasystoles. (frontiersin.org)
- The primary objective of this project is to unravel the interplay between the neurobiological signaling, nerve conduction and the spatio-temporal thermal gradient induced by infrared neural stimulation. (vanderbilt.edu)
Myelination1
- Thus, learning-activated, circuit-specific changes to myelination may fundamentally alter how information is transferred in neural circuits during learning. (biorxiv.org)
Plasticity3
- Neural plasticity secondary to carpal tunnel syndrome: a pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study. (iasp-pain.org)
- Now, researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have demonstrated that brain plasticity also comes from another mechanism: activity-dependent changes in the cells that insulate neural fibers and make them more efficient. (stanford.edu)
- The findings illustrate a form of neural plasticity based in myelin, and future work on the molecular mechanisms responsible may ultimately shed light on a broad range of neurological and psychiatric diseases," said Monje, senior author of the paper. (stanford.edu)
Correlates3
- Stoerig, 2006 ), and previous reports conflict as to the presence of neural correlates of tactile detection in primate primary somatosensory cortex (SI). (jneurosci.org)
- We examined cortical correlates of somatosensory perception in human SI by combining MEG and computational neural modeling. (jneurosci.org)
- To provide a framework for understanding the MEG signal and SI neural correlates of perception, we developed a realistic laminar network model. (jneurosci.org)
ANNs1
- Even in the case of artificial Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), identifying applications where temporal coding outperforms the rate coding strategies of ANNs is still an open challenge. (frontiersin.org)
Musculoskeletal1
- Aim I: To determine the extent to which exposure to two task regimens, high repetition-low force (HRLF) and low repetition-low force (LRLF) causes tissue injury, inflammation, fibrosis and degeneration in musculoskeletal and neural tissues of the upper extremity in aged rats. (cdc.gov)
Carpal tunnel s2
- Aim of the Work: To evaluate the efficacy of Neural Prolotherapy and Platelet Rich Plasma in treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. (bvsalud.org)
- Results: Neural Prolotherapy and Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) have improved all measured parameters like visual analogue scale (VAS), nerve conduction studies and neuromuscular ultrasonography parameters in carpal tunnel syndrome secondary to rheumatoid arthritis. (bvsalud.org)
Axonal1
- We gauge the impact of several delay sources, and we find the primary contributor to be slow conduction through axonal collaterals within HVC, which typically adds between 1 and 7.5 ms for each link within the sequence. (diagnosticbiochips.com)
Circuits1
- Most insights into the impact of myelin on the function of neural circuits have been obtained by analyzing the consequences of complete demyelination. (biorxiv.org)
Cochlear1
- Integrated use of volume conduction and neural models to simulate the response to cochlear implants. (uni-trier.de)
Pathways1
- It also may provide interesting information regarding the pathways of neural signals as they navigate the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
Impulse1
- Even small changes in the structure of this insulating sheath, such as changes in its thickness, can dramatically affect the speed of neural-impulse conduction. (stanford.edu)
Transmission1
- EMG and nerve conduction were consistent with atrophy and slow neural transmission. (ispub.com)
Membrane1
- This is exacerbated by changes in the expression of membrane ion channels and under-expression and reorganization of gap junctions ( Luke and Saffitz, 1991 ) in the infarct border zone also slowing conduction ( Tse, 2016 ). (frontiersin.org)
Auditory1
- Using maximum length sequence brainstem auditory evoked response (MLS BAER) to study brainstem neural conduction and maturation in fetal growth restriction (FGR) babies born very prematurely and assess the effect of FGR on brainstem neural maturation. (nature.com)
Characteristics1
- Modern techniques have evolved to focus on a few biological characteristics: Brain ERPs, brain size, and speed of neural conduction. (wikipedia.org)
Babies5
- FGR babies born very prematurely are associated with accelerated or precocial neural maturation at caudal brainstem regions, but moderately delayed maturation at rostral brainstem regions. (nature.com)
- The altered brainstem neural maturation is different from previously reported mildly delayed maturation in FGR babies born less prematurely, and may have important implication for neurodevelopmental outcome. (nature.com)
- This first MLS BAER study in FGR found that brainstem neural maturation in very premature FGR babies differed from age-matched non-FGR babies. (nature.com)
- The altered maturation is different from previously reported mild delay in brainstem neural maturation in FGR babies born less prematurely. (nature.com)
- FGR exerts a major and differential effect on brainstem neural maturation in babies born very prematurely. (nature.com)
Suggests1
- Computational modeling suggests these changes initially slow and subsequently increase conduction speed. (biorxiv.org)
Networks3
- Summary `lack of experience', and this ability increases the The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility for neural networks to be accepted as feasibility of developing arti®cial neural networks reliable decision support systems in clinical practice. (lu.se)
- Over the past 5 years a si®ed as anterior myocardial infarction by the third method, arti®cial neural networks, has been network. (lu.se)
- Recently, neural networks were infarction and normal ECGs, but also to ®nd all types implemented in computerized electrocardiographs of ECG patterns that were not represented in the for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. (lu.se)
Function2
- Nuwer MR, Pouratian N. Monitoring of neural function: electromyography, nerve conduction, and evoked potentials. (medlineplus.gov)
- However, much less is known about how subtle changes in myelin alter neural circuit function. (biorxiv.org)
Electrical1
- 3D mesh generation to solve the electrical volume conduction problem in the implanted inner ear. (uni-trier.de)
Results1
- Being too cold alters nerve conduction and can give false results. (medlineplus.gov)
System1
- During embryonic development, amorphous cardiac precursor cells are organized into a rhythmically contracting, multi-chambered muscular structure, complete with valves, vessels, and a conduction system. (cshlpress.com)
Work1
- I work on an artificial neural network model of the cortex-hippocampus-loop in the brain. (martinpyka.de)
Development1
- Knowing how parts of the brain are utilized may reveal more information about the structure and hierarchy used in neural development. (wikipedia.org)
Brain1
- Glia, far outnumbering neuron in the brain, is increasingly recognized for the complex roles beyond supporting the neural network. (cuny.edu)
Present2
- These findings strongly support the view that signatures of tactile detection are present in human SI and are mediated by local neural dynamics induced by lamina-specific synaptic drive. (jneurosci.org)
- An arti®cial neural network was trained to diagnose present. (lu.se)
Test2
- Often, the nerve conduction test is followed by EMG. (medlineplus.gov)
- An estimated 300 million ECGs was used to train and test the neural network. (lu.se)