Pancreatic Neoplasms
Neoplasms
Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous
Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
Neoplasms, Second Primary
Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous
Myeloproliferative Disorders
Ameloblastoma
Adamantinoma
Jaw Neoplasms
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Encyclopedias as Topic
Cranial Nerve Neoplasms
Palatal Neoplasms
Frontal Sinusitis
Cranial Nerves
Nerve Tissue
Cranial Nerve Diseases
Head and Neck Neoplasms
Multi-bracket appliance in management of mandibular reconstruction with vascularized bone graft. (1/281)
BACKGROUND: The most commonly used tool for maxillo-mandibular fixation to the patient who underwent reconstruction using a vascularized bone graft after mandibular resection is a dental arch-bar. However, the occlusal relationship achieved by this method is not ideal. Different from the dental arch-bar, the multi-bracket appliance which is frequently used in orthodontic treatment can control the position of each individual tooth three dimensionally. Thus, this appliance was applied for maxillo-mandibular fixation to patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction using a vascularized bone graft. METHODS: A multi-bracket appliance was applied to three patients. Prior to the surgery, standard edgewise brackets were bonded to the teeth in the maxilla and in the remaining mandible. After mandibular resection, wires for maxillo-mandibular fixation were applied. The harvested bone was then carefully fixed with miniplates to maintain the occlusion. The multi-bracket appliance was worn for 3 months when the wound contraction became mild. RESULTS: All three cases demonstrated stable and good occlusion. They also demonstrated satisfactory post-surgical facial appearance. CONCLUSIONS: Compared to conventional dental arch-bars, a multi-bracket appliance offers improved management of mandibular reconstruction. Firstly, its properties are helpful in maintaining occlusion of the remaining dentition accurately in bone grafting procedure as well as protecting against postsurgical wound contraction. Secondly, the multi-bracket appliance keeps the oral cavity clean without periodontal injury. As a result, stable occlusion of the residual teeth and good facial appearance were obtained. (+info)Cemento-ossifying fibroma presenting as a mass of the parapharyngeal and masticator space. (2/281)
We report a case of cemento-ossifying fibroma that presented as a large extraosseous mass in the masticator and parapharyngeal space. CT scanning and MR imaging showed a large extraosseous mass with central conglomerated, well-matured ossified nodules and fatty marrow. The central matured ossified nodules were of low density on CT scans and high signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted MR images. Multiplanar reformatted CT scans revealed the origin of the mass to be at the extraction site of the right lower second molar tooth. (+info)Skull metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma--three case reports. (3/281)
Three cases of skull metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma were treated. The metastatic lesion was located at the midline of the skull above the superior sagittal sinus in all cases. Surgery was performed in two patients with solitary skull lesions involving short segments of the superior sagittal sinus without remarkable systemic metastasis, resulting in good outcome. The third patient had extensive, multiple tumors involving the superior sagittal sinus which could not be excised, and died due to intracranial hypertension. The surgical indication for skull metastasis of Ewing's sarcoma depends on the location and length of the involved superior sagittal sinus, and general condition. (+info)The relationship between accessory foramina and tumour spread on the medial mandibular surface. (4/281)
The medial cortical surface of the mandible can be involved by tumour infiltration from the floor of the mouth. A detailed study of spread via accessory foramina through the edentulous alveolar crest has been previously undertaken, but no similar study has been carried out for the medial surface. In order to gain further appreciation of the mode of tumour spread, a study of the number and distribution of accessory foramina on the medial mandibular surface was performed on 89 mandibles. The number of foramina varied greatly from specimen to specimen. In the ascending ramus above the inferior dental foramen, 3 mandibles showed no foramina; the condylar section possessed the greatest proportion followed by the sigmoid and the coronoid. On the rest of the medial surface below the inferior dental foramen, all specimens showed at least 1 accessory foramen; the greatest concentration was in the middle third along the path of the inferior dental canal, followed by the upper third and the lower third section. Accessory foramina were repeatedly present at certain dedicated sites. The medial facing wall of the inferior dental foramen was found to be the commonest dedicated site (98.3%) followed by foramina on either side of the genial tubercles (71.9%), the digastric fossa (71.9%) and the median foramen above the genial tubercles (64%). The findings of this study are in keeping with the current observation that the lower border is least commonly involved in tumour spread. In view of the presence of accessory foramina along the inferior dental canal and especially on the medial facing wall of the inferior dental foramen, it is imperative to preclude tumour spread in this region prior to undertaking the conservative rim resection procedure. Medial to the symphysis the alveolar mucosa dips down almost to the level of the dedicated foramina in the vicinity of the genial tubercles. As a general rule the attached muscle forms a barrier to tumour spread except in the later stages, however, in irradiated mandibles resistance to spread has been previously reported to be diminished. Under these circumstances, it is possible that the numerous accessory foramina reported in this study could facilitate a direct pathway into the cancellous bone. (+info)Amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor in a Shih-Tzu dog. (5/281)
A 9-month-old male Shih-Tzu dog had a right mandibular tumor composed of strands, or nest-like proliferation of epithelial cells with abundant fibrous stroma characterized by spheroid to large nodular deposition of amyloid with Congo-red stain. Globule calcification was also seen throughout the tumor tissue and the spheroid depositions often had a concentrically laminated structure (Liesegang rings). The case was diagnosed as amyloid-producing odontogenic tumor in a dog. (+info)Intraosseous neurilemmoma of the mandible. (6/281)
We report a rare case of intraosseous neurilemmoma of the mandible, with an emphasis on radiographic findings. The tumor, located mainly in the premolar region, presented as an expansive, unilocular, well-defined, radiolucent lesion on plain radiography. No dilatation of the mandibular canal was identified. MR imaging helped to identify the solid nature of the tumor. A biopsy was necessary to make the final diagnosis because of the relatively nonspecific nature of the lesion. (+info)Ewing's sarcoma of the head and neck. (7/281)
CONTEXT: Ewing's sarcoma is a rare neoplasm, which usually arises in long bones of the limbs and in flat bones of the pelvis, with the involvement of head and neck bones being very unusual. CASE REPORT: a case of Ewing's sarcoma occurring in the mandible of a 35-year-old female. Pain and swelling of the tumor were the main complaints. The early hypothesis was an undifferentiated malignant neoplasm, possibly a sarcoma. The CT scan depicted an expansive lesion, encapsulated, with septa and characteristics of soft tissue, involving the left side of the mandible and extending to the surrounding tissues. The patient underwent surgical excision of the lesion, the definitive diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma was established, and the patient commenced on radiotherapy. (+info)Aggressive epithelial odontogenic ghost cell tumor in the mandible: CT and MR imaging findings. (8/281)
We report a case of aggressive epithelial odontogenic ghost cell tumor arising from the mandible in a 32-year-old man. On CT and MR studies, the tumor was seen as a large, heterogeneous soft-tissue mass that caused marked destruction of the mandible and invaded the mouth floor and tongue base. The tumor displayed a variety of densities and signal intensities on CT and MR images, which correlated well with the degree of cellularity of epithelial islands, abundance of ghost cells and eosinophilic materials, calcification, and cystic areas on histologic sections. Owing to the unpredictable biological behavior of this type of tumor, careful, long-term follow-up is highly recommended. (+info)Mandibular neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop in the mandible, which is the lower jawbone. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow-growing and rarely spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms can invade surrounding tissues and may metastasize (spread) to distant sites.
Mandibular neoplasms can have various causes, including genetic mutations, exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, and infection with certain viruses. The symptoms of mandibular neoplasms may include swelling or pain in the jaw, difficulty chewing or speaking, numbness in the lower lip or chin, loose teeth, and/or a lump or mass in the mouth or neck.
The diagnosis of mandibular neoplasms typically involves a thorough clinical examination, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans, and sometimes a biopsy to confirm the type and extent of the tumor. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm, and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or metastasis.
Pancreatic neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the pancreas that can be benign or malignant. The pancreas is a gland located behind the stomach that produces hormones and digestive enzymes. Pancreatic neoplasms can interfere with the normal functioning of the pancreas, leading to various health complications.
Benign pancreatic neoplasms are non-cancerous growths that do not spread to other parts of the body. They are usually removed through surgery to prevent any potential complications, such as blocking the bile duct or causing pain.
Malignant pancreatic neoplasms, also known as pancreatic cancer, are cancerous growths that can invade and destroy surrounding tissues and organs. They can also spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body, such as the liver, lungs, or bones. Pancreatic cancer is often aggressive and difficult to treat, with a poor prognosis.
There are several types of pancreatic neoplasms, including adenocarcinomas, neuroendocrine tumors, solid pseudopapillary neoplasms, and cystic neoplasms. The specific type of neoplasm is determined through various diagnostic tests, such as imaging studies, biopsies, and blood tests. Treatment options depend on the type, stage, and location of the neoplasm, as well as the patient's overall health and preferences.
Neoplasms are abnormal growths of cells or tissues in the body that serve no physiological function. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms are aggressive, invasive, and can metastasize to distant sites.
Neoplasms occur when there is a dysregulation in the normal process of cell division and differentiation, leading to uncontrolled growth and accumulation of cells. This can result from genetic mutations or other factors such as viral infections, environmental exposures, or hormonal imbalances.
Neoplasms can develop in any organ or tissue of the body and can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and type. Treatment options for neoplasms include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, among others.
Neoplasms: Neoplasms refer to abnormal growths of tissue that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They occur when the normal control mechanisms that regulate cell growth and division are disrupted, leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
Cystic Neoplasms: Cystic neoplasms are tumors that contain fluid-filled sacs or cysts. These tumors can be benign or malignant and can occur in various organs of the body, including the pancreas, ovary, and liver.
Mucinous Neoplasms: Mucinous neoplasms are a type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of mucin, a gel-like substance produced by certain types of cells. These tumors can occur in various organs, including the ovary, pancreas, and colon. Mucinous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, and malignant forms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.
Serous Neoplasms: Serous neoplasms are another type of cystic neoplasm that is characterized by the production of serous fluid, which is a thin, watery fluid. These tumors commonly occur in the ovary and can be benign or malignant. Malignant serous neoplasms are often aggressive and have a poor prognosis.
In summary, neoplasms refer to abnormal tissue growths that can be benign or malignant. Cystic neoplasms contain fluid-filled sacs and can occur in various organs of the body. Mucinous neoplasms produce a gel-like substance called mucin and can also occur in various organs, while serous neoplasms produce thin, watery fluid and commonly occur in the ovary. Both mucinous and serous neoplasms can be benign or malignant, with malignant forms often being aggressive and having a poor prognosis.
Skin neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the skin that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They result from uncontrolled multiplication of skin cells, which can form various types of lesions. These growths may appear as lumps, bumps, sores, patches, or discolored areas on the skin.
Benign skin neoplasms include conditions such as moles, warts, and seborrheic keratoses, while malignant skin neoplasms are primarily classified into melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma. These three types of cancerous skin growths are collectively known as non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Melanoma is the most aggressive and dangerous form of skin cancer, while NMSCs tend to be less invasive but more common.
It's essential to monitor any changes in existing skin lesions or the appearance of new growths and consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment if needed.
Multiple primary neoplasms refer to the occurrence of more than one primary malignant tumor in an individual, where each tumor is unrelated to the other and originates from separate cells or organs. This differs from metastatic cancer, where a single malignancy spreads to multiple sites in the body. Multiple primary neoplasms can be synchronous (occurring at the same time) or metachronous (occurring at different times). The risk of developing multiple primary neoplasms increases with age and is associated with certain genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices such as smoking and alcohol consumption.
Kidney neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the kidney tissues that can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These growths can originate from various types of kidney cells, including the renal tubules, glomeruli, and the renal pelvis.
Malignant kidney neoplasms are also known as kidney cancers, with renal cell carcinoma being the most common type. Benign kidney neoplasms include renal adenomas, oncocytomas, and angiomyolipomas. While benign neoplasms are generally not life-threatening, they can still cause problems if they grow large enough to compromise kidney function or if they undergo malignant transformation.
Early detection and appropriate management of kidney neoplasms are crucial for improving patient outcomes and overall prognosis. Regular medical check-ups, imaging studies, and urinalysis can help in the early identification of these growths, allowing for timely intervention and treatment.
A "second primary neoplasm" is a distinct, new cancer or malignancy that develops in a person who has already had a previous cancer. It is not a recurrence or metastasis of the original tumor, but rather an independent cancer that arises in a different location or organ system. The development of second primary neoplasms can be influenced by various factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, and previous treatments like chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
It is important to note that the definition of "second primary neoplasm" may vary slightly depending on the specific source or context. In general medical usage, it refers to a new, separate cancer; however, in some research or clinical settings, there might be more precise criteria for defining and diagnosing second primary neoplasms.
Adenocarcinoma, mucinous is a type of cancer that begins in the glandular cells that line certain organs and produce mucin, a substance that lubricates and protects tissues. This type of cancer is characterized by the presence of abundant pools of mucin within the tumor. It typically develops in organs such as the colon, rectum, lungs, pancreas, and ovaries.
Mucinous adenocarcinomas tend to have a distinct appearance under the microscope, with large pools of mucin pushing aside the cancer cells. They may also have a different clinical behavior compared to other types of adenocarcinomas, such as being more aggressive or having a worse prognosis in some cases.
It is important to note that while a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, mucinous can be serious, the prognosis and treatment options may vary depending on several factors, including the location of the cancer, the stage at which it was diagnosed, and the individual's overall health.
Thyroid neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the thyroid gland, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These growths can vary in size and may cause a noticeable lump or nodule in the neck. Thyroid neoplasms can also affect the function of the thyroid gland, leading to hormonal imbalances and related symptoms. The exact causes of thyroid neoplasms are not fully understood, but risk factors include radiation exposure, family history, and certain genetic conditions. It is important to note that most thyroid nodules are benign, but a proper medical evaluation is necessary to determine the nature of the growth and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
Myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) are a group of rare, chronic blood cancers that originate from the abnormal proliferation or growth of one or more types of blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. These disorders result in an overproduction of mature but dysfunctional blood cells, which can lead to serious complications such as blood clots, bleeding, and organ damage.
There are several subtypes of MPDs, including:
1. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): A disorder characterized by the overproduction of mature granulocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the bone marrow, leading to an increased number of these cells in the blood. CML is caused by a genetic mutation that results in the formation of the BCR-ABL fusion protein, which drives uncontrolled cell growth and division.
2. Polycythemia Vera (PV): A disorder characterized by the overproduction of all three types of blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets - in the bone marrow. This can lead to an increased risk of blood clots, bleeding, and enlargement of the spleen.
3. Essential Thrombocythemia (ET): A disorder characterized by the overproduction of platelets in the bone marrow, leading to an increased risk of blood clots and bleeding.
4. Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF): A disorder characterized by the replacement of normal bone marrow tissue with scar tissue, leading to impaired blood cell production and anemia, enlargement of the spleen, and increased risk of infections and bleeding.
5. Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia (CNL): A rare disorder characterized by the overproduction of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the bone marrow, leading to an increased number of these cells in the blood. CNL can lead to an increased risk of infections and organ damage.
MPDs are typically treated with a combination of therapies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the subtype of MPD, the patient's age and overall health, and the presence of any comorbidities.
Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing, non-cancerous tumor that develops in the jawbone, typically in the lower jaw. It originates from the cells that form the enamel (the hard, outer surface of the teeth). This tumor can cause swelling, pain, and displacement or loosening of teeth. In some cases, it may also lead to fractures of the jawbone.
There are different types of ameloblastomas, including solid or multicystic, unicystic, and peripheral ameloblastoma. Treatment usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, with careful monitoring to ensure that it does not recur. In rare cases, more aggressive treatment may be necessary if the tumor is large or has invaded surrounding tissues.
It's important to note that while ameloblastomas are generally benign, they can still cause significant morbidity and should be treated promptly by an oral and maxillofacial surgeon or other qualified healthcare professional.
Adamantinoma is a rare, slow-growing malignant (cancerous) tumor that typically develops in the tibia or fibula bones of the lower leg. It primarily affects young adults and can be difficult to diagnose due to its rarity and nonspecific symptoms.
The name "adamantinoma" comes from its microscopic appearance, which resembles that of a type of skin cancer called adamantinoma of the skin or adamantoblastoma. However, they are not related.
Adamantinomas are characterized by the presence of epithelial cells (cells that line the outer surface of the body and internal organs) within the bone tissue. These tumors tend to be locally aggressive, meaning they can invade surrounding tissues and bones. In some cases, adamantinomas may metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body, such as the lungs or lymph nodes.
Treatment for adamantinoma usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, along with a portion of the affected bone. In some cases, reconstruction or limb-sparing surgery may be necessary to maintain function and appearance. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are not typically effective against adamantinomas, but they might be used in specific situations or as part of clinical trials.
Regular follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider are essential for monitoring the patient's condition and detecting any potential recurrence or metastasis early on.
Jaw neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the jawbone (mandible) or maxilla (upper jaw). These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are not considered life-threatening, but they can still cause problems by invading nearby tissues and causing damage. Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, can spread to other parts of the body and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly and effectively.
Jaw neoplasms can present with various symptoms such as swelling, pain, loose teeth, numbness or tingling in the lips or tongue, difficulty chewing or swallowing, and jaw stiffness or limited movement. The diagnosis of jaw neoplasms typically involves a thorough clinical examination, imaging studies such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI, and sometimes a biopsy to determine the type and extent of the tumor.
Treatment options for jaw neoplasms depend on several factors, including the type, size, location, and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health and medical history. Treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or metastasis (spread) of the neoplasm.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that typically affects areas of the body where there are sweat glands, such as the armpits, groin, and buttocks. The main features of HS are recurrent boil-like lumps or abscesses (nodules) that form under the skin. These nodules can rupture and drain pus, leading to painful, swollen, and inflamed lesions. Over time, these lesions may heal, only to be replaced by new ones, resulting in scarring and tunnel-like tracts (sinus tracts) beneath the skin.
HS is a debilitating condition that can significantly impact an individual's quality of life, causing physical discomfort, emotional distress, and social isolation. The exact cause of HS remains unclear, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Treatment options for HS include topical and oral antibiotics, biologic therapies, surgical interventions, and lifestyle modifications, such as weight loss and smoking cessation.
An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.
Odontogenic tumors are a group of neoplasms that originate from the dental tissues or their remnants, including the odontogenic epithelium, ectomesenchyme, and/or their derivatives. These tumors can be benign or malignant and may affect the jaw bones and surrounding structures. They can cause various symptoms, such as swelling, pain, loosening of teeth, and altered bite. The classification of odontogenic tumors includes a wide range of entities with different biological behaviors, clinical features, and treatment approaches. Accurate diagnosis is essential for proper management and prognosis.
Cranial nerve neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that develop within or near the cranial nerves. These nerves are responsible for transmitting sensory and motor information between the brain and various parts of the head, neck, and trunk. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, each with a specific function and location in the skull.
Cranial nerve neoplasms can be benign or malignant and may arise from the nerve itself (schwannoma, neurofibroma) or from surrounding tissues that invade the nerve (meningioma, epidermoid cyst). The growth of these tumors can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and rate of growth. Common symptoms include:
* Facial weakness or numbness
* Double vision or other visual disturbances
* Hearing loss or tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
* Difficulty swallowing or speaking
* Loss of smell or taste
* Uncontrollable eye movements or drooping eyelids
Treatment for cranial nerve neoplasms depends on several factors, including the type, size, location, and extent of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or complications.
Palatal neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors that occur on the palate, which is the roof of the mouth. These growths can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slower growing and less likely to spread, while malignant neoplasms are more aggressive and can invade nearby tissues and organs.
Palatal neoplasms can have various causes, including genetic factors, environmental exposures, and viral infections. They may present with symptoms such as mouth pain, difficulty swallowing, swelling or lumps in the mouth, bleeding, or numbness in the mouth or face.
The diagnosis of palatal neoplasms typically involves a thorough clinical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes biopsy to determine the type and extent of the growth. Treatment options depend on the type, size, location, and stage of the neoplasm but may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these approaches. Regular follow-up care is essential to monitor for recurrence or spread of the neoplasm.
Frontal sinusitis is a type of sinus infection that specifically involves the frontal sinuses, which are located in the forehead region above the eyes. The condition is characterized by inflammation and infection of the mucous membrane lining the frontal sinuses, leading to symptoms such as headaches, facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, and thick nasal discharge.
Frontal sinusitis can be caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, as well as structural issues like nasal polyps or deviated septum that obstruct the sinus drainage pathways. Treatment options for frontal sinitis may include antibiotics, nasal decongestants, corticosteroids, saline nasal irrigation, and in some cases, endoscopic sinus surgery to alleviate obstructions and improve sinus drainage.
Cranial nerves are a set of twelve pairs of nerves that originate from the brainstem and skull, rather than the spinal cord. These nerves are responsible for transmitting sensory information (such as sight, smell, hearing, and taste) to the brain, as well as controlling various muscles in the head and neck (including those involved in chewing, swallowing, and eye movement). Each cranial nerve has a specific function and is named accordingly. For example, the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) transmits visual information from the eyes to the brain, while the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) controls parasympathetic functions in the body such as heart rate and digestion.
Nerve tissue, also known as neural tissue, is a type of specialized tissue that is responsible for the transmission of electrical signals and the processing of information in the body. It is a key component of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Nerve tissue is composed of two main types of cells: neurons and glial cells.
Neurons are the primary functional units of nerve tissue. They are specialized cells that are capable of generating and transmitting electrical signals, known as action potentials. Neurons have a unique structure, with a cell body (also called the soma) that contains the nucleus and other organelles, and processes (dendrites and axons) that extend from the cell body and are used to receive and transmit signals.
Glial cells, also known as neuroglia or glia, are non-neuronal cells that provide support and protection for neurons. There are several different types of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and Schwann cells. These cells play a variety of roles in the nervous system, such as providing structural support, maintaining the proper environment for neurons, and helping to repair and regenerate nerve tissue after injury.
Nerve tissue is found throughout the body, but it is most highly concentrated in the brain and spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system (CNS). The peripheral nerves, which are the nerves that extend from the CNS to the rest of the body, also contain nerve tissue. Nerve tissue is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain, controlling muscle movements, and regulating various bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiration.
Cranial nerve diseases refer to conditions that affect the cranial nerves, which are a set of 12 pairs of nerves that originate from the brainstem and control various functions in the head and neck. These functions include vision, hearing, taste, smell, movement of the eyes and face, and sensation in the face.
Diseases of the cranial nerves can result from a variety of causes, including injury, infection, inflammation, tumors, or degenerative conditions. The specific symptoms that a person experiences will depend on which cranial nerve is affected and how severely it is damaged.
For example, damage to the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) can cause vision loss or visual disturbances, while damage to the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) can result in weakness or paralysis of the face. Other common symptoms of cranial nerve diseases include pain, numbness, tingling, and hearing loss.
Treatment for cranial nerve diseases varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In some cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to treat the underlying cause and relieve symptoms. Physical therapy or rehabilitation may also be recommended to help individuals regain function and improve their quality of life.
Head and neck neoplasms refer to abnormal growths or tumors in the head and neck region, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). These tumors can develop in various sites, including the oral cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, paranasal sinuses, salivary glands, and thyroid gland.
Benign neoplasms are slow-growing and generally do not spread to other parts of the body. However, they can still cause problems if they grow large enough to press on surrounding tissues or structures. Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, can invade nearby tissues and organs and may also metastasize (spread) to other parts of the body.
Head and neck neoplasms can have various symptoms depending on their location and size. Common symptoms include difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing; pain in the mouth, throat, or ears; persistent coughing or hoarseness; and swelling or lumps in the neck or face. Early detection and treatment of head and neck neoplasms are crucial for improving outcomes and reducing the risk of complications.
Ameloblastoma
List of MeSH codes (C07)
List of MeSH codes (C04)
List of MeSH codes (C05)
Salivary gland tumour
Oral medicine
Cementoblastoma
List of diseases (C)
List of diseases (S)
Sialadenitis
Toothache
Masseter muscle
Infratemporal fossa
Pleomorphic adenoma
List of diseases (A)
List of MeSH codes (C21)
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
Fordyce spots
Odontogenic cyst
Submandibular gland
Trotter's syndrome
Mouth ulcer
Stafne defect
Facial muscles
Parotid gland
Odontogenic keratocyst
Pseudocyst
RBM10
Krapina Neanderthal site
Impacted wisdom teeth
Impact of reconstructive microsurgery in patients with advanced oral cavity cancers
Ameloblastoma - Wikipedia
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MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS4
- Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms . (lookformedical.com)
- [ 1 ] The incidence of salivary gland neoplasms as a whole is approximately 5.5 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States, with malignant neoplasms accounting for 0.9 cases per 100,000. (medscape.com)
- There- fore, the differential diagnosis among benign and malignant neoplasms and inflammation is important for patients with problems in the sub- mandibular gland. (fdocuments.net)
- Nonsquamous cell cancers, including minor salivary gland cancers, sarcomas, and melanomas, account for the other half (see the histologic distribution of hard palate malignant neoplasms and the histologic types and frequencies of minor salivary gland neoplasms of the palate below). (medscape.com)
Mandible4
- Ispol'zovanie rekostruktivnykh titanovykh plastin i implantatov myshchelkovogo ot-rostka pry khirurgicheskom lechenii novoobrazovaniy nizhney chelyusti [Use of reconstructive titanium plates and the implants of condylar pro-cess under surgical treatment the neoplasms of mandible]. (vestnik-avicenna.tj)
- For neoplasms of the maxilla, MAXILLARY NEOPLASMS is available and of the mandible, MANDIBULAR NEOPLASMS is available. (nih.gov)
- AFO presents asymptomatically with gradual, radiography revealed a lesion with several de- expansive growth and occurs more frequently grees of radiopacity in the left mandibular ramus in the posterior region of the mandible. (bvsalud.org)
- Involvement of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve may manifest as hypesthesia along the mandible or wasting of the temporalis or masseter muscles. (medscape.com)
Metastasis3
- Bhadage CJ, Vaishampayan S, Umarji H. Mandibular metastasis in a patient with follicular carcinoma of thyroid. (jomos.org)
- Nishikawa H, Nakashiro K, Sumida T, Sugita A, Hamakawa H. Mandibular osteoblastic metastasis of poorly differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland. (jomos.org)
- Essakalli L, Jazouli N, Kzad M. Mandibular metastasis disclosing a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland. (jomos.org)
Benign8
- Neoplasms that arise in the salivary glands are relatively rare, yet they represent a wide variety of both benign and malignant histologic subtypes as seen in the image below. (medscape.com)
- [ 4 , 5 ] ) Benign neoplasms occur more frequently in women than in men, but malignant tumors are distributed equally between the sexes. (medscape.com)
- Most series report that about 80% of parotid neoplasms are benign, with the relative proportion of malignancy increasing in the smaller glands. (medscape.com)
- Benign smooth muscle tumors, or leiomyomas, are common, well-circumscribed neoplasms that can arise from smooth muscle cells anywhere in the body, but are encountered most commonly in the uterus [1]. (peertechzpublications.org)
- Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common amongst the Yoruba ethinc group. (bvsalud.org)
- Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign epithelial odontogenic neoplasm which is common among the dwellers of sub-Saharan Africa. (bvsalud.org)
- Many benign lesions cause mandibular swellings, and these can be divided into those of odontogenic and nono- dontogenic origin. (9lib.co)
- A choroidal nevus (or benign neoplasm of the choroid) is a grayish-brown pigmented lesion with slightly blurred margins. (firebaseapp.com)
Tumors4
- Although researchers have learned much from the study of this diverse group of tumors over the years, the diagnosis and treatment of salivary gland neoplasms remain complex and challenging problems for the head and neck surgeon. (medscape.com)
- Salivary gland neoplasms make up 6% of all head and neck tumors. (medscape.com)
- Almost half of all submandibular gland neoplasms and most sublingual and minor salivary gland tumors are malignant. (medscape.com)
- Mural nodules in mucinous ovarian tumors represent a morphologic spectrum of clonal neoplasms: a morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular analysis of 13 cases. (cornell.edu)
Carcinoma2
- A case study by Fukai et al of a patient with perineural spread of adenoid cystic carcinoma along the mandibular nerve suggested that progression of this lesion is associated with elevated expression of ephrin type-A receptor 2 and a transition of the tumor cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. (medscape.com)
- SCCs are the most frequent neoplasms to exhibit this behavior, followed by adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), lymphoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma . (medscape.com)
Tongue Neoplasms3
- Tongue Neoplasms" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
- This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Tongue Neoplasms" by people in this website by year, and whether "Tongue Neoplasms" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (ucdenver.edu)
- Below are the most recent publications written about "Tongue Neoplasms" by people in Profiles. (ucdenver.edu)
Salivary11
- Some common salivary gland neoplasms are listed in the table below. (medscape.com)
- Salivary gland neoplasms most commonly appear in the sixth decade of life. (medscape.com)
- Among salivary gland neoplasms, 80% arise in the parotid glands, 10-15% arise in the submandibular glands, and the remainder arise in the sublingual and minor salivary glands. (medscape.com)
- Salivary gland neoplasms are rare in children. (medscape.com)
- In children, 35% of salivary gland neoplasms are malignant. (medscape.com)
- Contrasting information was derived through a literature review by Louredo et al, which indicated that in pediatric patients, most salivary gland neoplasms (75.4%) are malignant. (medscape.com)
- Salivary gland neoplasms occurred with slightly greater frequency in girls (57.4% of patients) than in boys. (medscape.com)
- [ 1 ] The incidence of salivary gland neoplasms as a whole is approximately 1.5 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States. (medscape.com)
- The etiology of salivary gland neoplasms is not fully understood. (medscape.com)
- Recent evidence suggests that the bicellular stem cell theory is the more probable etiology of salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)
- Salivary glands, neoplasms AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:1575-1581, September 1996 The submandibular gland is the second larg- est salivary gland, about half the size of the parotid gland (1). (fdocuments.net)
Bone5
- Due to thin bone and weak barriers, the neoplasm can extend into the sinonasal passages, pterygomaxillary fossa and eventually into the cranium and brain. (wikipedia.org)
- Abnormal development of mandibular condyle bone or tissue (neoplasm) which may or may not be pathologic. (familyphysiotherapy.com)
- Tsistektomiya s zapolneniem kostnoy polosti poristo-pronitsaemym nikelid-titanom, obogashchyonnym trombotsitarnoy massoy [Cystektomy with filling the bone cavity by porous-permeable nikelid of titanium, en-riched with thrombocytic mass]. (vestnik-avicenna.tj)
- Cone-beam computed tomography revealed expanded buccal and lingual cortical bones, perforation of the lingual cortical bone, and displacement of the mandibular canal. (bvsalud.org)
- Identification of candidate regulators of mandibular bone loss in FcγRIIB Mice. (cornell.edu)
Parotid neoplasms2
- The most common tumor of the parotid gland is the pleomorphic adenoma , which represents about 60% of all parotid neoplasms, as seen in the table below. (medscape.com)
- Common parotid neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Epithelial2
Humans1
- The aim of this study was to establish a rat model where a certain radiation dose gives reproducible tissue reactions in the mandibular area corresponding to injuries obtained in humans. (biomedcentral.com)
Cranial2
- The nerve is composed of three divisions: ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular, which provide sensory innervation to structures of the face, sinuses, and portions of the cranial vault. (ouhsc.edu)
- The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. (bvsalud.org)
Ameloblastoma3
- Its incidence, combined with its clinical behavior, makes ameloblastoma the most significant odontogenic neoplasm. (9lib.co)
- Unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a mandibular cyst, but on histolo- gic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without lumi- nal and/or mural tumor growth. (9lib.co)
- We present a case of a large unicystic mandibular ameloblastoma in a 30 year old female. (9lib.co)
Inflammation1
- A second limitation is an inability to control the release, and prevent systemic circulation of, powerful cytokines such as BMP-2, a phenomena associated with inflammation and increased neoplasm risk. (osteoscience.org)
Metastatic1
- Zachariades N. Neoplasms metastatic to the mouth, jaws, and surrounding tissues. (jomos.org)
Trigeminal nerve1
- Naevus of Ota (naevus fusculocoeruleus ophthalmomaxillaris) was described by the Japanese dermatologist, Ota, in 1939 as a dermal melanocytic hamartoma that presents as bluish hyperpigmentation along the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve. (firebaseapp.com)
Histological type1
- The second neoplasm may have the same or different histological type and can occur in the same or different organs as the previous neoplasm but in all cases arises from an independent oncogenic event. (lookformedical.com)
Pathology1
- Other types of pathology in the brain stem segment are neoplasms (mostly glioma and metastases), vascular lesions (infarction, cavernoma) and infections (rhombencephalitis). (radiologyassistant.nl)
Abnormal1
- Abnormal growths of tissue that follow a previous neoplasm but are not metastases of the latter. (lookformedical.com)
Pathologic1
- Six months postoperatively the patient presented with osteoradionecrosis of the jaw, a pathologic fracture of the mandibular symphysis and edema of the lower lip. (peertechzpublications.org)
Adamantinoma1
- This type of odontogenic neoplasm was designated as an adamantinoma in 1885 by the French physician Louis-Charles Malassez. (wikipedia.org)
Endothelial1
- Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), a member of the genus Rhadinovirus , is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma ( 1 ), an endothelial neoplasm of the dermis, oral cavity and intestinal organs. (cdc.gov)
Tissue2
- Ability of neoplasms to infiltrate and actively destroy surrounding tissue. (lookformedical.com)
- Histologically, masses and nodules consisted of a collagen-rich fibrous stroma with multifocal areas of increased cellularity represented by spindle cell proliferations with moderate lymphoplasmacellular infiltrates ( Figure 1 , panel C). The tonsils and mandibular and axillary lymph nodes showed similar foci of fibrovascular tissue. (cdc.gov)
Maxilla1
- A physical misalignment of the upper (maxilla) and lower (mandibular) jaw bones in which either or both recede relative to the frontal plane of the forehead. (nih.gov)
Cancer1
- Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common anatomic origin. (biomedcentral.com)
Brain stem1
- Common conditions affecting the nerve include brain stem ischemia, INFRATENTORIAL NEOPLASMS, and TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA. (ouhsc.edu)
Invasion1
- Rare orbital invasion of the neoplasm has also been reported. (wikipedia.org)
Dysfunction1
- Age group 20-40 Both males and females Forward head posture and temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction for more than 3 months. (who.int)
Involvement1
- 52% desmoplastic ameloblastomas showed mandibular involvement, with a tendency to anterior region. (wikipedia.org)
Primary1
- Transfer of a neoplasm from its primary site to lymph nodes or to distant parts of the body by way of the lymphatic system. (lookformedical.com)