A species of the genus MACACA which typically lives near the coast in tidal creeks and mangrove swamps primarily on the islands of the Malay peninsula.
Diseases of Old World and New World monkeys. This term includes diseases of baboons but not of chimpanzees or gorillas (= APE DISEASES).
A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of 16 species inhabiting forests of Africa, Asia, and the islands of Borneo, Philippines, and Celebes.
One of the Indian Ocean Islands, east of Madagascar. Its capital is Port Louis. It was discovered by the Portuguese in 1505, occupied by the Dutch 1598-1710, held by the French 1715-1810 when the British captured it, formally ceded to the British in 1814, and became independent in 1968. It was named by the Dutch in honor of Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange (1567-1625). (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p742 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p341)
A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans.
Classes of retroviruses for which monkeys or apes are hosts. Those isolated from the West African green monkey and the Asian rhesus macaque monkey are of particular interest because of their similarities to viruses causing cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in humans.
A pyrazolodiazepinone with pharmacological actions similar to ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS. It is commonly used in combination with TILETAMINE to obtain immobilization and anesthesia in animals.
A species of the genus MACACA which inhabits Malaya, Sumatra, and Borneo. It is one of the most arboreal species of Macaca. The tail is short and untwisted.
A suborder of PRIMATES consisting of six families: CEBIDAE (some New World monkeys), ATELIDAE (some New World monkeys), CERCOPITHECIDAE (Old World monkeys), HYLOBATIDAE (gibbons and siamangs), CALLITRICHINAE (marmosets and tamarins), and HOMINIDAE (humans and great apes).
Proposed anesthetic with possible anticonvulsant and sedative properties.
'Laboratory animals' are non-human creatures that are intentionally used in scientific research, testing, and education settings to investigate physiological processes, evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs or medical devices, and teach anatomy, surgical techniques, and other healthcare-related skills.
A species of macaque monkey that mainly inhabits the forest of southern India. They are also called bonnet macaques or bonnet monkeys.
Excessive thirst manifested by excessive fluid intake. It is characteristic of many diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS; and NEPHROGENIC DIABETES INSIPIDUS. The condition may be psychogenic in origin.
A republic stretching from the Indian Ocean east to New Guinea, comprising six main islands: Java, Sumatra, Bali, Kalimantan (the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo), Sulawesi (formerly known as the Celebes) and Irian Jaya (the western part of New Guinea). Its capital is Djakarta. The ethnic groups living there are largely Chinese, Arab, Eurasian, Indian, and Pakistani; 85% of the peoples are of the Islamic faith.
A genus of the family CEBIDAE consisting of four species: S. boliviensis, S. orstedii (red-backed squirrel monkey), S. sciureus (common squirrel monkey), and S. ustus. They inhabit tropical rain forests in Central and South America. S. sciureus is used extensively in research studies.
Selective grinding of occlusal surfaces of the teeth in an effort to eliminate premature contacts and occlusal interferences; to establish optimal masticatory effectiveness, stable occlusal relationships, direction of main occlusal forces, and efficient multidirectional patterns, to improve functional relations and to induce physiologic stimulation of the masticatory system; to eliminate occlusal trauma; to eliminate abnormal muscle tension; to aid in the stabilization of orthodontic results; to treat periodontal and temporomandibular joint problems; and in restorative procedures. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Antigens produced by various strains of HEPATITIS A VIRUS such as the human hepatitis A virus (HEPATITIS A VIRUS, HUMAN).
A species of baboon in the family CERCOPITHECIDAE with a somewhat different social structure than PAPIO HAMADRYAS. They inhabit several areas in Africa south of the Sahara.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Philippines" is not a medical term; it is the name of a country located in Southeast Asia. It seems there might be some misunderstanding in your question. If you have a medical query related to the Philippines or its people, I'd be happy to help clarify that for you.
A bundle of NERVE FIBERS connecting each posterior horn of the spinal cord to the opposite side of the THALAMUS, carrying information about pain, temperature, and touch. It is one of two major routes by which afferent spinal NERVE FIBERS carrying sensations of somaesthesis are transmitted to the THALAMUS.
A form of osteogenic sarcoma of relatively low malignancy, probably arising from the periosteum and initially involving cortical bone and adjacent connective tissue. It occurs in middle-aged as well as young adults and most commonly affects the lower part of the femoral shaft. (Stedman, 25th ed)
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
'Housing, Animal' refers to the physical structure or environment designed and constructed to provide shelter, protection, and specific living conditions for various domestic or captive animals, meeting their biological and behavioral needs while ensuring their welfare and well-being.
Social rank-order established by certain behavioral patterns.
Non-human animals, selected because of specific characteristics, for use in experimental research, teaching, or testing.
Protein domains that are enriched in PROLINE. The cyclical nature of proline causes the peptide bonds it forms to have a limited degree of conformational mobility. Therefore the presence of multiple prolines in close proximity to each other can convey a distinct conformational arrangement to a peptide chain.
Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.
Social structure of a group as it relates to the relative social rank of dominance status of its members. (APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 8th ed.)
A genus of the subfamily CERCOPITHECINAE, family CERCOPITHECIDAE, consisting of five named species: PAPIO URSINUS (chacma baboon), PAPIO CYNOCEPHALUS (yellow baboon), PAPIO PAPIO (western baboon), PAPIO ANUBIS (or olive baboon), and PAPIO HAMADRYAS (hamadryas baboon). Members of the Papio genus inhabit open woodland, savannahs, grassland, and rocky hill country. Some authors consider MANDRILLUS a subgenus of Papio.
The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
A genus of the subfamily CALLITRICHINAE occurring in forests of Brazil and Bolivia and containing seventeen species.
A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.

Endocrine biomarkers of early fetal loss in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) following exposure to dioxin. (1/4126)

This study examines the endocrine alterations associated with early fetal loss (EFL) induced by an environmental toxin, TCDD (2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin), in the cynomolgus macaque, a well-documented reproductive/developmental model for humans. Females were administered single doses of 1, 2, and 4 microgram/kg TCDD (n = 4 per dose group) on gestational day (GD) 12. Urinary estrogen metabolites (estrone conjugates) were monitored to establish the day of ovulation, and serum hormones (estradiol, progesterone, chorionic gonadotropin, relaxin) were measured to assess ovarian and placental endocrine status before and after treatment. EFL occurred between GDs 22 and 32 in 10 of the 12 animals treated with TCDD. The primary endocrine alterations associated with TCDD treatment were significant decreases in serum estradiol and bioactive chorionic gonadotropin concentrations (p < 0.02). Less pronounced decreases in serum progesterone (p = 0.10) and relaxin (p < 0.08) also followed TCDD treatment. In contrast, immunoreactive chorionic gonadotropin concentrations were not reduced by TCDD exposure at any level, indicating that TCDD targets specific components of the chorionic gonadotropin synthesis machinery within the trophoblast to alter the functional capacity of the hormone. These data demonstrate the value of endocrine biomarkers in identifying a toxic exposure to primate pregnancy many days before direct signs of reproductive toxicity were apparent. The increased EFL that occurred after exposure to TCDD might reflect a toxic response initially mediated via endocrine imbalance, leading to placental insufficiency, compromised embryonic circulation, and subsequent EFL.  (+info)

Neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex of monkeys using a precision grip. I. Receptive fields and discharge patterns. (2/4126)

Three adolescent Macaca fascicularis monkeys weighing between 3.5 and 4 kg were trained to use a precision grip to grasp a metal tab mounted on a low friction vertical track and to lift and hold it in a 12- to 25-mm position window for 1 s. The surface texture of the metal tab in contact with the fingers and the weight of the object could be varied. The activity of 386 single cells with cutaneous receptive fields contacting the metal tab were recorded in Brodmann's areas 3b, 1, 2, 5, and 7 of the somatosensory cortex. In this first of a series of papers, we describe three types of discharge pattern, the receptive-field properties, and the anatomic distribution of the neurons. The majority of the receptive fields were cutaneous and covered less than one digit, and a chi2 test did not reveal any significant differences in the Brodmann's areas representing the thumb and index finger. Two broad categories of discharge pattern cells were identified. The first category, dynamic cells, showed a brief increase in activity beginning near grip onset, which quickly subsided despite continued pressure applied to the receptive field. Some of the dynamic neurons responded to both skin indentation and release. The second category, static cells, had higher activity during the stationary holding phase of the task. These static neurons demonstrated varying degrees of sensitivity to rates of pressure change on the skin. The percentage of dynamic versus static cells was about equal for areas 3b, 2, 5, and 7. Only area 1 had a higher proportion of dynamic cells (76%). A third category was identified that contained cells with significant pregrip activity and included cortical cells with both dynamic or static discharge patterns. Cells in this category showed activity increases before movement in the absence of receptive-field stimulation, suggesting that, in addition to peripheral cutaneous input, these cells also receive strong excitation from movement-related regions of the brain.  (+info)

Neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex of monkeys using a precision grip. II. Responses To object texture and weights. (3/4126)

Three monkeys were trained to lift and hold a test object within a 12- to 25-mm position window for 1 s. The activity of single neurons was recorded during performance of the task in which both the weight and surface texture of the object were systematically varied. Whenever possible, each cell was tested with three weights (15, 65, and 115 g) and three textures (smooth metal, fine 200 grit sandpaper, and rough 60 grit sandpaper). Of 386 cells recorded in 3 monkeys, 45 cells had cutaneous receptive fields on the index or thumb or part of the thenar eminence and were held long enough to be tested in all 9 combinations of texture and weight. Recordings were made for the entire anterior-posterior extent of the thumb and index finger areas in somatosensory cortex including area 7b. However, the statistical analysis required a selection of only those cells for which nine complete recording conditions were available limiting the sample to cells in areas 2, 5, and 7b. Significant differences in the grip force accompanied 98% of the changes in texture and 78% of the changes in weight. Increasing the object weight also increased the force tangential to the skin surface as measured by the load or lifting force. The peak discharge during lifting was judged to be the most sensitive index of cell activity and was analyzed with a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, peak cell discharge was normalized to allow comparisons among different combinations of texture and weight as well as comparisons among different neurons. Overall, the peak firing frequency of 87% of the cells was significantly modulated by changes in object texture, but changes in object weight affected the peak activity of only 58% of the cells. Almost all (17/18, 94%) of the static cells were influenced by the object texture, and 81% of the dynamic cells that were active only briefly at grip and lift onset were modulated by texture. For some cells, surface texture had a significant effect on neuronal discharge that was independent of the object weight. In contrast, weight-related responses were never simple main effects of the weight alone and appeared instead as significant interactions between texture and weight. Four neurons either increased or decreased activity in a graded fashion with surface structure (roughness) regardless of the object weight (P < 0.05). Ten other neurons showed increases or decreases in response to one or two textures, which might represent either a graded response or a tuning preference for a specific texture. The firing frequency of the majority (31/45) of neurons reflected an interaction of both texture and weight. The cells with texture-related but weight-independent activities were thought to encode surface characteristics that are largely independent of the grip and lifting forces used to manipulate the object. Such constancies could be used to construct internal representations or mental models for planning and controlling object manipulation.  (+info)

Neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex of monkeys using a precision grip. III. Responses to altered friction perturbations. (4/4126)

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the activity changes in single units of the somatosensory cortex in response to lubricating and adhesive coatings applied to a hand-held object. Three monkeys were trained to grasp an object between the thumb and index fingers and to lift and hold it stationary within a narrow position window for 1 s before release. Grip forces normal to the skin surface, load forces tangential to the skin surface, and the displacement of the object were measured on each trial. Adhesive (rosin) and lubricant (petroleum jelly) coatings were applied to the smooth metal surface of the object to alter the friction against the skin. In addition, neuronal activity evoked by force pulse-perturbations generating shear forces and slip on the skin were compared with the patterns of activity elicited by grasping and lifting the coated surfaces. Following changes in surface coatings, both monkeys modulated the rate at which grip forces normal to the skin surface and load forces tangential to the skin surface were applied during the lifting phase of the task. As a result, the ratio of the rates of change of the two forces was proportionately scaled to the surface coating properties with the more slippery surfaces, having higher ratios. This precise control of normal and tangential forces enabled the monkeys to generate adequate grip forces and prevent slip of the object. From a total of 386 single neurons recorded in the hand area of the somatosensory cortex, 92 were tested with at least 1 coating. Cell discharge changed significantly with changes in surface coating in 62 (67%) of these cells. Of these coating-related cells, 51 were tested with both an adhesive and lubricating coating, and 45 showed significant differences in activity between the untreated metal surface and either the lubricant or the adhesive coating. These cells were divided into three main groups on the basis of their response patterns. In the first group (group A), the peak discharge increased significantly when the grasped surface was covered with lubricant. These cells appeared to be selectively sensitive to slip of the object on the skin. The second group (group B) was less activated by the adhesive surface compared with either the untreated metal or the lubricated surface, and they responded mainly to variations in the force normal to the skin surface. These cells provide useful feedback for the control of grip force. The third group (group C) responded to both slips and to changes in forces tangential to the skin. Most of these cells responded with a biphasic pattern reflecting the bidirectional changes in load force as the object was first accelerated and then decelerated. One hundred sixty-eight of the 386 isolated neurons were tested with brief perturbations during the task. Of these, 147 (88%) responded to the perturbation with a significant change in activity. In most of the cells, the response to the perturbation was shorter than 100 ms with a mean latency of 44.1 +/- 16.3 (SD) ms. For each of the cell groups, the activity patterns triggered by the perturbations were consistent with the activity patterns generated during the grasping and lifting of the coated object.  (+info)

Uninjured C-fiber nociceptors develop spontaneous activity and alpha-adrenergic sensitivity following L6 spinal nerve ligation in monkey. (5/4126)

We investigated whether uninjured cutaneous C-fiber nociceptors in primates develop abnormal responses after partial denervation of the skin. Partial denervation was induced by tightly ligating spinal nerve L6 that innervates the dorsum of the foot. Using an in vitro skin-nerve preparation, we recorded from uninjured single afferent nerve fibers in the superficial peroneal nerve. Recordings were made from 32 C-fiber nociceptors 2-3 wk after ligation and from 29 C-fiber nociceptors in control animals. Phenylephrine, a selective alpha1-adrenergic agonist, and UK14304 (UK), a selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist, were applied to the receptive field for 5 min in increasing concentrations from 0.1 to 100 microM. Nociceptors from in vitro control experiments were not significantly different from nociceptors recorded by us previously in in vivo experiments. In comparison to in vitro control animals, the afferents found in lesioned animals had 1) a significantly higher incidence of spontaneous activity, 2) a significantly higher incidence of response to phenylephrine, and 3) a higher incidence of response to UK. In lesioned animals, the peak response to phenylephrine was significantly greater than to UK, and the mechanical threshold of phenylephrine-sensitive afferents was significantly lower than for phenylephrine-insensitive afferents. Staining with protein gene product 9.5 revealed an approximately 55% reduction in the number of unmyelinated terminals in the epidermis of the lesioned limb compared with the contralateral limb. Thus uninjured cutaneous C-fiber nociceptors that innervate skin partially denervated by ligation of a spinal nerve acquire two abnormal properties: spontaneous activity and alpha-adrenergic sensitivity. These abnormalities in nociceptor function may contribute to neuropathic pain.  (+info)

The fine structural organization of the cuneate nucleus in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis). (6/4126)

The fine structure of the cuneate nucleus of the monkey (Macaca fascicularis) has been studied. The neurons were classified into three groups according to their nuclear morphology, the arrangement of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and the appearance of the Golgi complexes. Group I neurons had a regular nucleus and contained abundant cytoplasm in which were found well-developed RER and Golgi complexes. Group II neurons had a slightly irregular nucleus and a variable arrangement of the RER and Golgi complexes. Group III neurons were characterized by a deeply indented nucleus, and scanty cytoplasm in which the cytoplasmic organelles were poorly developed. Group II neurons were the most commonly encountered while Group I neurons were the rarest. Axon terminals contained either round of flattened vesicles. Axon terminals and dendrites commonly formed synaptic complexes. In one type the axon terminal, containing round vesicles, formed the central element, which is presynaptic to the dendrites surrounding it; in addition it is postsynaptic to axon terminals containing flattened vesicles. In another type a large dendrite formed the central element which is postsynaptic to axon terminals containing round or flattened vesicles.  (+info)

Aldehyde oxidase-dependent marked species difference in hepatic metabolism of the sedative-hypnotic, zaleplon, between monkeys and rats. (7/4126)

A marked difference in hepatic activity of aldehyde oxidase between rats and monkeys was found to be responsible for the previously reported marked species difference in the metabolism of Zaleplon in vivo. In the postmitochondrial fractions, S-9s, from liver homogenates of these animals, Zaleplon was transformed in the presence of NADPH into the side chain oxidation product, N-desethyl-Zaleplon, and the aromatic ring oxidation product, 5-oxo-Zaleplon. In the rat S-9, N-desethyl-Zaleplon and 5-oxo-Zaleplon were a major and a very minor metabolites, respectively. However, in the monkey S-9, Zaleplon was transformed into 5-oxo-Zaleplon at a much higher rate than that for N-desethyl-Zaleplon formation. N-Desethyl-Zaleplon was formed in the monkey S-9 at a rate almost equal to that in the rat S-9. N-Desethyl-5-oxo-Zaleplon was formed at a minor rate only in the monkey S-9 through N-desethyl-Zaleplon as an obligatory intermediate. The hepatic activity for the formation of 5-oxo-Zaleplon in the monkey and rat was localized in cytosol and did not require NADPH. Sensitivity to various inhibitors and requirement of water as oxygen source, using H218O, strongly suggested that the hepatic cytosolic formation of 5-oxo-Zaleplon was mediated by aldehyde oxidase. N-Desethyl-Zaleplon was formed in the presence of NADPH by microsomes from the liver of rats and monkeys, and its formation was strongly suggested using various cytochrome P-450 inhibitors to be mediated by a number of cytochrome P-450 isoforms, such as 3A, 2C, and 2D subfamilies.  (+info)

Visual motion analysis for pursuit eye movements in area MT of macaque monkeys. (8/4126)

We asked whether the dynamics of target motion are represented in visual area MT and how information about image velocity and acceleration might be extracted from the population responses in area MT for use in motor control. The time course of MT neuron responses was recorded in anesthetized macaque monkeys during target motions that covered the range of dynamics normally seen during smooth pursuit eye movements. When the target motion provided steps of target speed, MT neurons showed a continuum from purely tonic responses to those with large transient pulses of firing at the onset of motion. Cells with large transient responses for steps of target speed also had larger responses for smooth accelerations than for decelerations through the same range of target speeds. Condition-test experiments with pairs of 64 msec pulses of target speed revealed response attenuation at short interpulse intervals in cells with large transient responses. For sinusoidal modulation of target speed, MT neuron responses were strongly modulated for frequencies up to, but not higher than, 8 Hz. The phase of the responses was consistent with a 90 msec time delay between target velocity and firing rate. We created a model that reproduced the dynamic responses of MT cells using divisive gain control, used the model to visualize the population response in MT to individual stimuli, and devised weighted-averaging computations to reconstruct target speed and acceleration from the population response. Target speed could be reconstructed if each neuron's output was weighted according to its preferred speed. Target acceleration could be reconstructed if each neuron's output was weighted according to the product of preferred speed and a measure of the size of its transient response.  (+info)

"Macaca fascicularis" is the scientific name for the crab-eating macaque, also known as the long-tailed macaque. It's a species of monkey that is native to Southeast Asia. They are called "crab-eating" macaques because they are known to eat crabs and other crustaceans. These monkeys are omnivorous and their diet also includes fruits, seeds, insects, and occasionally smaller vertebrates.

Crab-eating macaques are highly adaptable and can be found in a wide range of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands. They are also known to live in close proximity to human settlements and are often considered pests due to their tendency to raid crops and steal food from humans.

These monkeys are social animals and live in large groups called troops. They have a complex social structure with a clear hierarchy and dominant males. Crab-eating macaques are also known for their intelligence and problem-solving abilities.

In medical research, crab-eating macaques are often used as animal models due to their close genetic relationship to humans. They are used in studies related to infectious diseases, neuroscience, and reproductive biology, among others.

There is no single medical definition for "Monkey Diseases." However, monkeys can carry and be infected with various diseases that are zoonotic, meaning they can be transmitted from animals to humans. Some examples include:

1. Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV): A virus similar to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes AIDS in monkeys. It is not typically harmful to monkeys but can cause AIDS in humans if transmitted, which is rare.
2. Herpes B Virus: Also known as Macacine herpesvirus 1 or Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1, it is a virus that commonly infects macaque monkeys. It can be transmitted to humans through direct contact with an infected monkey's saliva, eye fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid, causing a severe and potentially fatal illness called B encephalitis.
3. Tuberculosis (TB): Monkeys can contract and transmit tuberculosis to humans, although it is not common.
4. Simian Retrovirus (SRV): A virus that can infect both monkeys and great apes, causing immunodeficiency similar to HIV/AIDS in humans. It is not known to infect or cause disease in humans.
5. Various parasitic diseases: Monkeys can carry and transmit several parasites, including malaria-causing Plasmodium species, intestinal worms, and other parasites that can affect human health.

It's important to note that while monkeys can carry and transmit these diseases, the risk of transmission is generally low, and most cases occur in individuals who have close contact with monkeys, such as primatologists, zookeepers, or laboratory workers. Always follow safety guidelines when interacting with animals, including monkeys, to minimize the risk of disease transmission.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Macaca" is not a medical term. It is the name of a genus that includes several species of monkeys, commonly known as macaques. These primates are often used in biomedical research due to their similarities with humans in terms of genetics and physiology. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try to help answer them.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Mauritius" is not a medical term or condition. It is the name of a country, specifically an island nation in the Indian Ocean. If you have any questions related to medicine or health, I would be happy to try and help answer those for you!

"Macaca mulatta" is the scientific name for the Rhesus macaque, a species of monkey that is native to South, Central, and Southeast Asia. They are often used in biomedical research due to their genetic similarity to humans.

Simian retroviruses are a group of retroviruses that naturally infect primates, including monkeys and apes. These viruses are closely related to human retroviruses and can cause immunodeficiency and cancer in their simian hosts. One well-known example is the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), which is similar to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and causes AIDS in some primate species.

Retroviruses are viruses that have an RNA genome and use a reverse transcriptase enzyme to create DNA copies of their genome, which can then be integrated into the host cell's DNA. This characteristic sets retroviruses apart from other RNA viruses. Simian retroviruses, like other retroviruses, have an envelope protein that allows them to attach to and enter host cells.

It is important to note that simian retroviruses can pose a risk to humans who come into contact with infected primates, either in captivity or in the wild. For example, SIV can be transmitted to humans through exposure to infected bodily fluids, such as blood or sexual secretions, and can cause a disease similar to AIDS known as Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Humans (SIV-infected humans). However, such transmissions are rare.

Zolazepam is a veterinary medication that belongs to a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. It is used in the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in animals, often in combination with other medications. Zolazepam works by depressing the central nervous system, producing sedation, muscle relaxation, and amnesia.

In veterinary medicine, zolazepam is commonly combined with tiletamine, another dissociative anesthetic, to form a drug called Telazol. This combination provides balanced anesthesia with minimal cardiovascular and respiratory depression.

It's important to note that zolazepam is not approved for use in humans and should only be administered by trained veterinary professionals under strict supervision.

"Macaca nemestrina," also known as the pig-tailed macaque, is not a medical term but a species name in biology. It refers to a specific species of monkey that is native to Southeast Asia. The pig-tailed macaque is a medium-sized monkey with a reddish-brown fur and a distinctive tail that resembles a pig's tail. They are omnivorous and live in social groups that can range from a few individuals to several hundred.

While "Macaca nemestrina" may not have a direct medical definition, these monkeys have been used as models in biomedical research due to their close genetic relationship with humans. Some studies involving pig-tailed macaques have contributed to our understanding of various human diseases and conditions, such as infectious diseases, neurological disorders, and reproductive health. However, it is important to note that the use of animals in research remains a controversial topic, and ethical considerations must be taken into account when conducting such studies.

Haplorhini is a term used in the field of primatology and physical anthropology to refer to a parvorder of simian primates, which includes humans, apes (both great and small), and Old World monkeys. The name "Haplorhini" comes from the Greek words "haploos," meaning single or simple, and "rhinos," meaning nose.

The defining characteristic of Haplorhini is the presence of a simple, dry nose, as opposed to the wet, fleshy noses found in other primates, such as New World monkeys and strepsirrhines (which include lemurs and lorises). The nostrils of haplorhines are located close together at the tip of the snout, and they lack the rhinarium or "wet nose" that is present in other primates.

Haplorhini is further divided into two infraorders: Simiiformes (which includes apes and Old World monkeys) and Tarsioidea (which includes tarsiers). These groups are distinguished by various anatomical and behavioral differences, such as the presence or absence of a tail, the structure of the hand and foot, and the degree of sociality.

Overall, Haplorhini is a group of primates that share a number of distinctive features related to their sensory systems, locomotion, and social behavior. Understanding the evolutionary history and diversity of this group is an important area of research in anthropology, biology, and psychology.

Tiletamine is a veterinary medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as dissociative anesthetics. It is often used in combination with zolazepam, and the combination is sold under the brand name Telazol. This drug combination is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in various animal species.

Tiletamine works by blocking the action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are involved in pain perception, learning, and memory. By doing so, it produces a state of dissociation, where animals may appear to be conscious but are not aware of their surroundings or the procedures being performed on them.

It is important to note that tiletamine should only be used under the direction of a licensed veterinarian, as its use requires proper training and experience to ensure safe and effective administration.

'Laboratory animals' are defined as non-human creatures that are used in scientific research and experiments to study various biological phenomena, develop new medical treatments and therapies, test the safety and efficacy of drugs, medical devices, and other products. These animals are kept under controlled conditions in laboratory settings and are typically purpose-bred for research purposes.

The use of laboratory animals is subject to strict regulations and guidelines to ensure their humane treatment and welfare. The most commonly used species include mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, dogs, cats, non-human primates, and fish. Other less common species may also be used depending on the specific research question being studied.

The primary goal of using laboratory animals in research is to advance our understanding of basic biological processes and develop new medical treatments that can improve human and animal health. However, it is important to note that the use of animals in research remains a controversial topic due to ethical concerns regarding their welfare and potential for suffering.

"Macaca radiata" is a species of monkey that is native to India. It is often referred to as the "bonnet macaque" due to the distinctive cap of hair on its head. This species is widely studied in the field of primatology and has been an important model organism in biomedical research, particularly in the areas of neuroscience and infectious disease. However, I couldn't find a specific medical definition for "Macaca radiata".

Polydipsia is a medical term that describes excessive thirst or an abnormally increased desire to drink fluids. It is often associated with conditions that cause increased fluid loss, such as diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus, as well as certain psychiatric disorders that can lead to excessive water intake. Polydipsia should not be confused with simple dehydration, where the body's overall water content is reduced due to inadequate fluid intake or excessive fluid loss. Instead, polydipsia refers to a persistent and strong drive to drink fluids, even when the body is adequately hydrated. Prolonged polydipsia can lead to complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels in the blood) and may indicate an underlying medical issue that requires further evaluation and treatment.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Indonesia" is not a medical term. It is a country located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It is the world's largest island country, with more than thirteen thousand islands. If you have any questions about medical terms or concepts, I would be happy to help with those!

"Saimiri" is the genus name for the group of primates known as squirrel monkeys. These small, agile New World monkeys are native to Central and South America and are characterized by their slim bodies, long limbs, and distinctive hairless faces with large eyes. They are omnivorous and known for their active, quick-moving behavior in the trees. There are several species of squirrel monkey, including the Central American squirrel monkey (Saimiri oerstedii) and the much more widespread common squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).

Occlusal adjustment is a dental procedure that involves modifying the shape and alignment of the biting surfaces of teeth to improve their fit and relationship with the opposing teeth. The goal of occlusal adjustment is to create a balanced and harmonious bite, which can help alleviate symptoms such as tooth wear, sensitivity, pain, or temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJD).

During an occlusal adjustment procedure, the dentist uses specialized instruments like articulating paper or dental burs to identify and eliminate interferences in the bite. These interferences can be caused by high spots, rough edges, or misaligned teeth that prevent the upper and lower teeth from meeting evenly when the jaw is closed. By removing these interferences, the dentist aims to create a more stable and comfortable bite, reducing stress on the jaw joints and muscles.

It's important to note that occlusal adjustment should only be performed by a trained dental professional, as improper modifications can lead to further dental issues or discomfort.

Hepatitis A antigens refer to the proteins or molecules present on the surface of the Hepatitis A virus (HAV) that can stimulate an immune response in the body. There are two main types of HAV antigens:

1. Hepatitis A Virus Capsid Antigen (also known as HAV VP1): This is a structural protein that makes up the outer shell or capsid of the HAV particle. It contains several epitopes (regions that can be recognized by the immune system) that can induce the production of antibodies in infected individuals.
2. Hepatitis A Virus Non-structural Antigen (also known as HAV NS1): This is a non-structural protein produced during the replication of the HAV genome. It plays a crucial role in the replication and assembly of new HAV particles, but it is not present in the mature virion. However, its detection in serum or liver tissue can indicate an ongoing HAV infection.

The presence of antibodies against these antigens (anti-HAV antibodies) in a person's blood can be used to diagnose past or recent Hepatitis A infections and immunity acquired through vaccination.

"Papio anubis" is the scientific name for the Olive Baboon, which is a species of Old World monkey found in savannas, open woodlands, and hills in East Africa. The term "Papio" refers to the genus of baboons, while "anubis" is the specific name for this particular species.

The Olive Baboon is named for its distinctive olive-gray fur, which can vary in color depending on the subspecies. They have a distinct dog-like face with a pink or red area around their mouths and noses. Adult males typically have a large, rough cheek pad on either side of their faces, which they use to display dominance during social interactions.

Olive Baboons are highly social animals that live in large troops consisting of several adult males, females, and their offspring. They have a complex social hierarchy based on age, size, and rank, and engage in various behaviors such as grooming, playing, and communication to maintain social bonds.

While "Papio anubis" is a medical or scientific term, it is not typically used in clinical settings. However, understanding the behavior and ecology of primates like Olive Baboons can provide valuable insights into human evolution, behavior, and disease transmission.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Philippines" is not a medical term. It is the name of a country located in Southeast Asia, comprised of over 7,000 islands. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terms, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.

The spinothalamic tracts are a pair of white matter tracts in the spinal cord that carry sensory information from the body to the brain. They are responsible for transmitting pain, temperature, and crude touch sensation. The tracts consist of two components: the lateral spinothalamic tract, which carries information about pain and temperature, and the anterior spinothalamic tract, which carries information about touch and pressure. These tracts decussate (cross to the opposite side) at the level of the spinal cord where they enter, and then ascend to the thalamus, where the information is relayed to the sensory cortex for processing.

Osteosarcoma, juxtacortical (also known as parosteal osteosarcoma) is a rare subtype of osteosarcoma, which is a type of bone cancer. It arises from the cambium layer of the periosteum, which is the highly vascular connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones. Juxtacortical osteosarcomas typically develop on the surface of long bones, particularly around the knee region. They tend to grow slowly and have a lower risk of metastasis (spreading to other parts of the body) compared to conventional osteosarcomas.

Juxtacortical osteosarcomas are usually low-grade malignancies, meaning they are less aggressive and have a better prognosis than high-grade osteosarcomas. However, local recurrence is relatively common if the tumor is not completely removed during surgery. The primary treatment for juxtacortical osteosarcoma is surgical resection with wide margins, followed by close monitoring to ensure there is no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy may also be used in some cases, depending on the specific circumstances and individual patient needs.

Species specificity is a term used in the field of biology, including medicine, to refer to the characteristic of a biological entity (such as a virus, bacterium, or other microorganism) that allows it to interact exclusively or preferentially with a particular species. This means that the biological entity has a strong affinity for, or is only able to infect, a specific host species.

For example, HIV is specifically adapted to infect human cells and does not typically infect other animal species. Similarly, some bacterial toxins are species-specific and can only affect certain types of animals or humans. This concept is important in understanding the transmission dynamics and host range of various pathogens, as well as in developing targeted therapies and vaccines.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Housing, Animal" is not a standard term in medical terminology. Medical terminology typically relates to the human body, diseases, treatments, and healthcare practices. "Housing, Animal" would be more related to veterinary medicine or animal care fields, which pertain to the accommodation and environment provided for animals. If you have any questions related to medical terminology, I'd be happy to help!

A social hierarchy in the context of medicine and public health often refers to the organization of individuals or groups based on their relative status, power, or influence within a society or community. This structure can have significant implications for health outcomes and access to care. For instance, those with higher socioeconomic status (SES) tend to have better health and longer lifespans than those with lower SES, due in part to factors such as better access to healthcare, nutritious food, safe housing, and educational opportunities.

Social hierarchies can also intersect with other forms of inequality, such as racism, sexism, and ableism, to create additional barriers to health and well-being for marginalized communities. Understanding the role of social hierarchy in health is crucial for developing effective public health interventions and policies that address these underlying determinants of health.

An animal model in medicine refers to the use of non-human animals in experiments to understand, predict, and test responses and effects of various biological and chemical interactions that may also occur in humans. These models are used when studying complex systems or processes that cannot be easily replicated or studied in human subjects, such as genetic manipulation or exposure to harmful substances. The choice of animal model depends on the specific research question being asked and the similarities between the animal's and human's biological and physiological responses. Examples of commonly used animal models include mice, rats, rabbits, guinea pigs, and non-human primates.

Proline-rich protein domains are segments within proteins that contain an unusually high concentration of the amino acid proline. These domains are often involved in mediating protein-protein interactions and can play a role in various cellular processes, such as signal transduction, gene regulation, and protein folding. They are also commonly found in extracellular matrix proteins and may be involved in cell adhesion and migration. The unique chemical properties of proline, including its ability to form rigid structures and disrupt alpha-helices, contribute to the functional specificity of these domains.

Histochemistry is the branch of pathology that deals with the microscopic localization of cellular or tissue components using specific chemical reactions. It involves the application of chemical techniques to identify and locate specific biomolecules within tissues, cells, and subcellular structures. This is achieved through the use of various staining methods that react with specific antigens or enzymes in the sample, allowing for their visualization under a microscope. Histochemistry is widely used in diagnostic pathology to identify different types of tissues, cells, and structures, as well as in research to study cellular and molecular processes in health and disease.

"Social dominance" is not a term that has a specific medical definition. However, it is a concept that is often used in the social sciences, including sociology, psychology, and anthropology. It refers to the degree of control, influence, or power that an individual or group has over others within a particular social context or hierarchy.

In some cases, social dominance may be associated with certain medical conditions or situations. For example, individuals with antisocial personality disorder or other psychiatric disorders may exhibit dominant behaviors as part of their symptoms. Similarly, social dominance can be a factor in the development and maintenance of certain types of relationships, such as those seen in abusive or coercive relationships.

However, it's important to note that social dominance is not a medical diagnosis or condition in and of itself. Rather, it is a social phenomenon that can intersect with various medical and psychological issues.

"Papio" is a term used in the field of primatology, specifically for a genus of Old World monkeys known as baboons. It's not typically used in human or medical contexts. Baboons are large monkeys with robust bodies and distinctive dog-like faces. They are native to various parts of Africa and are known for their complex social structures and behaviors.

The parotid gland is the largest of the major salivary glands. It is a bilobed, accessory digestive organ that secretes serous saliva into the mouth via the parotid duct (Stensen's duct), located near the upper second molar tooth. The parotid gland is primarily responsible for moistening and lubricating food to aid in swallowing and digestion.

Anatomically, the parotid gland is located in the preauricular region, extending from the zygomatic arch superiorly to the angle of the mandible inferiorly, and from the masseter muscle anteriorly to the sternocleidomastoid muscle posteriorly. It is enclosed within a fascial capsule and has a rich blood supply from the external carotid artery and a complex innervation pattern involving both parasympathetic and sympathetic fibers.

Parotid gland disorders can include salivary gland stones (sialolithiasis), infections, inflammatory conditions, benign or malignant tumors, and autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

Callithrix is a genus of New World monkeys, also known as marmosets. They are small, active primates found in the forests of South and Central America. The term "Callithrix" itself is derived from the Greek words "kallis" meaning beautiful and "thrix" meaning hair, referring to their thick, vibrantly colored fur.

Marmosets in the genus Callithrix are characterized by their slender bodies, long, bushy tails, and specialized dental structures that allow them to gouge tree bark to extract sap and exudates, which form a significant part of their diet. They also consume fruits, insects, and small vertebrates.

Some well-known species in this genus include the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), the white-headed marmoset (Callithrix geoffroyi), and the buffy-tufted-ear marmoset (Callithrix aurita). Marmosets are popular subjects of research due to their small size, short gestation period, and ease of breeding in captivity.

Dental plaque is a biofilm or mass of bacteria that accumulates on the surface of the teeth, restorative materials, and prosthetic devices such as dentures. It is initiated when bacterial colonizers attach to the smooth surfaces of teeth through van der Waals forces and specific molecular adhesion mechanisms.

The microorganisms within the dental plaque produce extracellular polysaccharides that help to stabilize and strengthen the biofilm, making it resistant to removal by simple brushing or rinsing. Over time, if not regularly removed through oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, dental plaque can mineralize and harden into tartar or calculus.

The bacteria in dental plaque can cause tooth decay (dental caries) by metabolizing sugars and producing acid that demineralizes the tooth enamel. Additionally, certain types of bacteria in dental plaque can cause periodontal disease, an inflammation of the gums that can lead to tissue damage and bone loss around the teeth. Regular professional dental cleanings and good oral hygiene practices are essential for preventing the buildup of dental plaque and maintaining good oral health.

Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... Macaca Stump-tailed macaque, M. arctoides VU Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis VU Southern pig-tailed macaque, M. nemestrina ... Chetry, D.; Long, Y.; Htun, S.; Timmins, R.J.; Boonratana, R. & Das, J. (2020). "Macaca arctoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened ...
Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... Macaca Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis VU Heck's macaque, M. hecki VU Moor macaque, M. maura EN Southern pig-tailed ...
Groves, C. P. (2005). "Macaca fascicularis philippensis". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A ... The Philippine long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis philippensis) is a subspecies of the crab-eating macaque, known in ... Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M.; Boonratana, R. (2021) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red ... Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park, Palawan Ong, P.; Richardson, M. (2008). "Macaca fascicularis ssp. ...
Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M.; Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... Macaca fascicularis) population of Singapore" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 63: 503-515. Cheyne, S.; Eudey, A. (2020). " ... Macaca fascicularis) VU - Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Bukit Batok, Woodlands Waterfront, ... "Status of the long-tailed macaque Macaca fascicularis in Singapore and implications for management". Biodiversity and ...
Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... Macaca Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis EN Southern pig-tailed macaque, M. nemestrina Subfamily: Colobinae Genus: Presbytis ...
Macaca fascicularis umbrosa, popularly known as the Nicobar monkey) is a subspecies of the crab-eating macaque (M. fascicularis ... Kumara, H.N.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. (2021). "Macaca fascicularis ssp. umbrosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2021: e. ... Umapathy, G.; Mewa Singh; S.M. Mohnot (April 2003). "Status and Distribution of Macaca fascicularis umbrosa in the Nicobar ... Fooden, Jack (May 2006). "Comparative Review of Fascicularis-Group Species of Macaques (Primates: Macaca)". Fieldiana Zoology. ...
an autoradiographic studyin Macaca fascicularis. Brain. Res. 88: 195-209. Lavoie, B. and Parent, A. (1994) Pedunculopontine ...
"Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating macaque)". www.cabi.org. (Articles with short description, Short description is different from ... Since 1988, Tinjil Island has been used as a natural breeding ground for long-tailed monkey species (Macaca fascicularis). The ...
Macaca fascicularis)". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 11 (12): 1931-4. doi:10.3201/eid1112.030045. PMC 3367614. PMID 16485482. ...
... stone tool use seems to be restricted to the Macaca fascicularis aurea subspecies because Macaca fascicularis fascicularis has ... result of a genetic component because long-tail hybrids of both Macaca fascicularis aurea and Macaca fascicularis fascicularis ... Macaca fascicularis aurea Ă— M. f. fascicularis)". Behaviour. 156 (11): 1083-1125. doi:10.1163/1568539X-00003557. hdl:10220/ ... Furthermore, in 1887 Carpenter observed long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis aurea) pounding oysters using stones. After ...
and Macaca irus Cuvier (= M. fascicularis Raffles)". Journal of Human Evolution. 1 (1): 49-72. doi:10.1016/0047-2484(72)90041-3 ... Dittus, W.; Gamage, S.N. (2020). "Macaca sinica ssp. opisthomelas". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... ISBN 978-0-12-528750-0. Osman Hill, W. C. (1972). "Taxonomic status of the Macaques Macaca mulatta Zimm. ... Osman Hill, W. C. (1974). Primates Comparative Anatomy and Taxonomy VII-Cynopithecinae (Cercocebus, Macaca, Cynopithecus). ...
Monkeys endemic to Bud Bongao include Macaca fascicularis. The red dragonfly, orange albatross, mangrove blue flycatcher, ...
2012). "Porencephaly in a Cynomolgus Monkey ( Macaca Fascicularis )". Journal of Toxicologic Pathology. 25 (1): 45-49. doi: ...
Baylor, D A; Nunn, B J; Schnapf, J L (September 1987). "Spectral sensitivity of cones of the monkey Macaca fascicularis". The ... noise and spectral sensitivity of rods of the monkey Macaca fascicularis". The Journal of Physiology. 357 (1): 575-607. doi: ...
"The novel epididymal secretory protein ESP13.2 in Macaca fascicularis". Biology of Reproduction. 61 (4): 965-72. doi:10.1095/ ...
Macaca fascicularis philippinensis; unggoy in the Visayan languages) Philippine long-tailed macaque at Dumaluan Beach, Panglao ... Macaca fascicularis philippinensis monkeys milĂ´, musang - common palm civet; Paradoxurus hermaphroditus alimĂ¡tok - Leech; ...
Macaca fascicularis ("crab-eating macaque"), has been observed eating the flowers and leaves of the plant, amongst hundreds of ... Lucas, Peter W.; Corlett, Richard T. (1991). "Relationship between the diet of Macaca fascicularis and forest phenology". Folia ... It is a food plant for the macaque Macaca facsicularis and a bee in the Megachilidae family. A perennial tree, growing 6-7m ...
2006 January 6. Primate Factsheets: Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) Taxonomy, Morphology, & Ecology . . Accessed 2020 ...
Macaca fascicularis)". Am J Primatol. 69 (2): 227-33. doi:10.1002/ajp.20342. PMID 17146796. S2CID 24117181. Oh, J.V.; Ratner, B ...
Mehta RR, Chatterton RT (1991). "Antiovulatory action of anordrin in the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis)". Advances in ...
"Neuromelanin accumulation with age in catecholaminergic neurons from Macaca fascicularis brainstem". Developmental Neuroscience ...
Macaca fascicularis)". American Journal of Primatology. 19 (1): 39-51. doi:10.1002/ajp.1350190105. PMID 31964021. S2CID ... Macaca fascicularis)". American Journal of Primatology. 19 (1): 39-51. doi:10.1002/ajp.1350190105. PMID 31964021. S2CID ... Weinberg, Susan M.; Candland, Douglas K. (1981). ""Stone-grooming" in Macaca fuscata". American Journal of Primatology. 1 (4): ... Macaca sylvanus". Animal Behaviour. 81 (6): 1109-1116. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.02.009. S2CID 53144146.[permanent dead link] ...
Brennan G, Kozyrev Y, Hu SL (2008). "TRIMCyp expression in Old World primates Macaca nemestrina and Macaca fascicularis". PNAS ...
Macaca fascicularis). Journal of Neuroscience, 12(4), 1169-1193. Available online at: http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/reprint/12/4 ...
Macaca fascicularis)". Journal of Neuroscience. 12 (4): 1169-1193. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.12-04-01169.1992. PMC 6575794. PMID ...
Macaca fascicularis)". Behaviour. 129 (3-4): 203-24. doi:10.1163/156853994x00613. JSTOR 4535195. Kappeler, Peter M. (1998). " ... Macaca mulatta)". Journal of Comparative Psychology. 114 (1): 47-60. doi:10.1037/0735-7036.114.1.47. PMC 2018744. PMID 10739311 ... India and the conservation of Macaca silenus". International Journal of Primatology. 25 (5): 1001-1018. doi:10.1023/B:IJOP. ...
in macaques, Macaca fascicularis, in Malaysia, and their potential role in zoonotic malaria transmission". Parasite. EDP ...
"Immunogenicity of a multi-component recombinant human acrosomal protein vaccine in female Macaca fascicularis". J. Reprod. ...
Large mammals include the wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Nicobar macaque (Macaca fascicularis umbrosa). Four species are endemic to ...
Macaca fascicularis). Today the lake is the main source of water supply for the National Power Corporation Hydro Electric Plant ...
Total Masked: 51.57 % ( Including simple/tandem repeats, satellite DNA, and low complexity regions ...
A young adult female cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis), born October 1, 1998, in a breeding facility in Vietnam, was ... Bartonella quintana in Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Emerging Infectious Diseases. 2005;11(12):1931-1934. doi: ... Bartonella quintana in Cynomolgus Monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Volume 11, Number 12-December 2005 ... Macaca fascicularis). This report describes naturally acquired B. quintana infection in a nonhuman primate. ...
Macaca fascicularis) are known for their ability to thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including urban areas. Singapore ... The long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) is a non-human primate species that is native to Singapore. From mid ... Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are known for their ability to thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including urban ... Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) inhabit a wide range of natural and human-modified environments in Southeast Asia. ...
Macaca fascicularis), a ubiquitous NHP model in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research. In the current work, we present the ... Macaca fascicularis), a ubiquitous NHP model in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research. In this work, we present the results ... Macaca fascicularis, Macaca fuscata, and Macaca nemestrina) are indeed able to solve acoustic discrimination tasks (Kuhl and ... In this study, 6 female long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) housed in two groups, see Table 1, were given access to a ...
This site remains a work in progress. Links are in blue. Content by Andie Ang unless otherwise stated ...
BIOME serves as a single repository of biodiversity (flora and fauna, plants and animals information of Singapore) and environment related data, contributed by government agencies, educational institutions, NGOs and etc. Facilities in BIOME includes, data upload functions, search engine, visual of data on Singapore map, analytic tools and etc. One of its key aims is to facilitate government in current works or operations, and researchers or consultants in their studies, on matters relating to biodiversity and environment.
... . Shulz, K. Website bibtex @misc{ title = {Macaca fascicularis}, type = {misc}, source = {Encyclopedia of ... Macaca fascicularis,author_short:[Shulz, K.],year:null,bibtype:misc,biburl:null,bibdata:{title:Macaca ... shulz-macacafascicularis,role:author,downloads:0},search_terms:[macaca,fascicularis,shulz],keywords:[], ... Macaca fascicularis},\n read = {false},\n starred = {false},\n authored = {false},\n confirmed = {true},\n hidden = {false},\n ...
Macaca mulatta). In process. 1470. 37. 19. 1526. 8 x 15k. Cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis). In process. 1380. 37. 14. 1431. 8 x ... Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque) and Macaca fascicularis (crab-eating/cynomolgus macaque) and humans for development on the ...
... ... Neste presente estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a eficiĂªncia terapĂªutica da IgY utilizando macacos cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis ... Anticorpos IgY especĂ­ficos para rotavĂ­rus do grupo Auma abordagem terapĂªutica para rotavirose em Macaca fascicularis. 2015. ... Macaca fascicularis ) challenged with human rotavirus group A (RVA), a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children ...
Distribution of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Deli Island, Pandeglang, Banten * Muhammad Fajrur Rifqi ... Deli Island is one of the habitats for the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) outside its natural distribution. Not much ... N. (2023). Distribution of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Deli Island, Pandeglang, Banten. Indonesian Journal of ...
Five Macaca fascicularis monkeys were exposed to 20 weeks of repetitive work to increase their risk of developing median ... Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography to Investigate Intraneural Vascularity in a Cohort of Macaca fascicularis With Suspected ... Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography to Investigate Intraneural Vascularity in a Cohort of Macaca fascicularis With Suspected ... Title : Use of Contrast-Enhanced Sonography to Investigate Intraneural Vascularity in a Cohort of Macaca fascicularis With ...
Macaca fascicularis), Macaca fascicularis. From AllRefer.coms library of over millions of free images, photos & pictures. ...
H5N1, Macaca fascicularis, Avian influenza, sperm, .,. Subjects:. R Medicine , RC Internal medicine. S Agriculture , SF Animal ... The aim of this study was proved that the infection H5N1 virus in long tail monkey (Macaca fascicularis) could be reduced the ... Experimental animal used was a 8 years old male long tail monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Before infected by H5N1 virus, ... Macaca Fascicularis) = Influence of the avian influenza virus subtype h5n1 infection toward sperm motility and life in long ...
Eudey, A.; Kumar, A.; Singh, M. & Boonratana, R. (2020). "Macaca fascicularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e. ... Macaca Stump-tailed macaque, M. arctoides VU Crab-eating macaque, M. fascicularis VU Southern pig-tailed macaque, M. nemestrina ... Chetry, D.; Long, Y.; Htun, S.; Timmins, R.J.; Boonratana, R. & Das, J. (2020). "Macaca arctoides". IUCN Red List of Threatened ...
Macaca fascicularis. J. Comp. Neurol. 256, 175-210 (1987).. Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar ... von Bonin, G. & Bailey, P. The Neocortex of Macaca mulatta (Univ. Illinois Press, 1947). ... Perseveration in extinction and in discrimination reversal tasks following selective frontal ablations in Macaca mulatta. ... of the granular frontal cortex and surrounding regions in the strepsirhine primate Galago and the anthropoid primate Macaca. J ...
Macaca fascicularis, Motivation, Nucleus Accumbens, Stress, Psychological ...
Macaca fascicularis * Macaca mulatta * Neural Pathways / anatomy & histology * Parietal Lobe / anatomy & histology ...
Macaca fascicularis Wildfänge. alle. Laos. b). Piliocolobus badius (Synonym: Colobus badius). Wildfänge ...
Monkey (Macaca fascicularis) SMB 4 ic 1.0 Death 9 Macaca fascicularis ip 2.0 Antibodies ...
Distribution of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Deli Island, Pandeglang, Banten * Muhammad Fajrur Rifqi ... Deli Island is one of the habitats for the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) outside its natural distribution. Not much ... N. (2023). Distribution of Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Deli Island, Pandeglang, Banten. Indonesian Journal of ...
Metabolic aspects of pig-to-monkey (Macaca fascicularis) islet transplantation: implications for translation into clinical ...
Macaca fascicularis * Neutrophils / pathology * Peptide Fragments / analysis * Phospholipids / analysis * Procollagen / ...
Comparative Study on Toxicokinetics of Bisphenol A in F344 Rats, Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), and Chimpanzees (Pan ...
Sneak copulations in long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis): no evidence for tactical deception. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 67 ... Hauser, M. D. . Costs of deception: cheaters are punished in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Pro. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 89, ... In a classic example of this, rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were reported to deceptively withhold food calls and, if ...
Macaca Fascicularis) in Wonorejo and Gunung Anyar Mangrove Eco-Tourism Surabaya Download Download PDF ...
Comparative home range size and habitat selection in provisioned and non-provisioned long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis ... Macaca fascicularis) in Baluran National Park, East Java, Indonesia. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Methods: Adult male (n=8) and female (n=10) Macaca fascicularis monkeys were divided into four groups and trained to ... Methods: Adult male (n=8) and female (n=10) Macaca fascicularis monkeys were divided into four groups and trained to ... Methods: Adult male (n=8) and female (n=10) Macaca fascicularis monkeys were divided into four groups and trained to ... Methods: Adult male (n=8) and female (n=10) Macaca fascicularis monkeys were divided into four groups and trained to ...
Macaca fascicularis) following Intranasal Ebola Virus Makona Challenge. *Brasel, Trevor (PI) ...
Full genome sequences for Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating macaque) as provided by NCBI (assembly Macaca_fascicularis_6.0, ... Full genome sequences for Macaca fascicularis (Macaca_fascicularis_6.0). Bioconductor version: Release (3.17) ...
  • Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are known for their ability to thrive in a wide variety of habitats, including urban areas. (researchgate.net)
  • However, to our knowledge, there are no reported attempts to develop automated training and testing protocols for long-tailed macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ), a ubiquitous NHP model in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research. (frontiersin.org)
  • In a classic example of this, rhesus macaques ( Macaca mulatta ) were reported to deceptively withhold food calls and, if discovered, received punishment 18 . (nature.com)
  • Experimentally infected cynomolgus macaques ( Macaca fascicularis ) develop ordinary or hemorrhagic smallpox depending on the size of the inoculum. (medscape.com)
  • Palombit, R. A. (1992) A preliminary study of vocal communication in wild long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). (bvsalud.org)
  • The nucleus accumbens in monkeys (Macaca fascicularis): II. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Methods: Adult male (n=8) and female (n=10) Macaca fascicularis monkeys were divided into four groups and trained to discriminate 1.0 g/kg ethanol (n=8) versus water or 2.0 g/kg ethanol (n=10) versus water in a 2x2 design with training dose and sex as main group factors. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were exposed by fine-particle aerosol to lethal doses of monkeypox virus, Zaire strain. (blogspot.com)
  • In the study, researchers fertilized eggs extracted from cynomolgus monkeys ( Macaca fascicularis ) and grew them in culture. (evolutionnews.org)
  • In November 1989, infections caused by a filovirus closely related to Ebola virus were detected in cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) monkeys imported from the Philippines and held in a primate quarantine facility in Virginia (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Deli Island is one of the habitats for the long-tailed macaque ( Macaca fascicularis ) outside its natural distribution. (ipb.ac.id)
  • the long-tailed macaque ( Macaca fascicularis ) and especially the Bornean orangutan ( Pongo pygmaeus ). (botanical-online.com)
  • We identified a Bartonella quintana strain by polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, and sequencing of DNA extracted from lysed erythrocytes and cultured colonies grown from peripheral blood collected from a captive-bred cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ). (cdc.gov)
  • A young adult female cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ), born October 1, 1998, in a breeding facility in Vietnam, was shipped on February 28, 2001, to Covance Inc. (Alice, TX, USA), where she was quarantined and acclimated by the vendor. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was proved that the infection H5N1 virus in long tail monkey (Macaca fascicularis) could be reduced the percentage of sperm motility and life. (unair.ac.id)
  • Experimental animal used was a 8 years old male long tail monkey (Macaca fascicularis). (unair.ac.id)
  • Population genetics of wild Macaca fascicularis with low-coverage shotgun sequencing of museum specimens. (bvsalud.org)
  • Toxicological consequences of Aroclor 1254 ingestion by female Rhesus ( macaca mulatta ) monkeys. (cdc.gov)
  • Prevalence of endometriosis in Rhesus ( macaca mulatta ) monkeys ingesting PCB (Aroclor 1254): Review and evaluation. (cdc.gov)
  • Sequential planning in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). (otago.ac.nz)
  • Macaca fascicularis is one of the nonhuman primates that live in groups with many males and females (multi male multi female group) so that interactions between individuals often occur. (atlantis-press.com)
  • Macaca fascicularis are primates known to be reservoirs of enteroparasites. (ajbls.com)
  • To determine whether the angiogenic peptide vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is sufficient to produce iris neovascularization in a nonhuman primate (Macaca fascicularis). (nih.gov)
  • 2. Cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) immunoglobulin heavy chain locus description. (nih.gov)
  • and Macaca fascicularis (crabeating macaque), Macaca radiata (bonnet macaque) and Saimiri sciureus (squirrel monkey) 12 to 15 mg/kg. (nih.gov)
  • 2013. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate levels reflect endogenous luteinizing hormone production and response to human chorionic gonadotropin challenge in older female macaque (Macaca fascicularis). (nih.gov)
  • To create the embryos, a team of developmental biologists at Beijing's Chinese Academy of Sciences obtained egg cells from Macaca fascicularis , a primate species native to Southeast Asia. (extremetech.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze social behavior at various age levels of M. fascicularis in the Banjarnegara ex-situ conservation area. (atlantis-press.com)
  • Most of the social behavior of M. fascicularis in ex-situ conservation areas experienced an increase in frequency compared to before the pandemic, except for agonistic behavior which decreased in frequency during the pandemic. (atlantis-press.com)
  • A young adult female cynomolgus monkey ( Macaca fascicularis ), born October 1, 1998, in a breeding facility in Vietnam, was shipped on February 28, 2001, to Covance Inc. (Alice, TX, USA), where she was quarantined and acclimated by the vendor. (cdc.gov)
  • One of the efforts to protect M. fascicularis from extinction is to provide an ex-situ conservation area. (atlantis-press.com)
  • Fitton LC , PrĂ´ a M , Rowland C , Toro Ibacache V , O'Higgins P. (2015) The impact of simplifications on the performance of a finite element model of a Macaca fascicularis cranium. (hyms.ac.uk)
  • Despite having a wide distribution, M. fascicularis continues to decline in population. (atlantis-press.com)