Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final result of various renal injuries including HYPOXIA; ISCHEMIA; and drug toxicity.
The outer zone of the KIDNEY, beneath the capsule, consisting of KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; KIDNEY TUBULES, DISTAL; and KIDNEY TUBULES, PROXIMAL.
Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.
The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrolled action of degradative ENZYMES, leading to MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING, nuclear flocculation, and cell lysis. It is distinct it from APOPTOSIS, which is a normal, regulated cellular process.
The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulchi. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.
Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.
The rostral part of the frontal lobe, bounded by the inferior precentral fissure in humans, which receives projection fibers from the MEDIODORSAL NUCLEUS OF THE THALAMUS. The prefrontal cortex receives afferent fibers from numerous structures of the DIENCEPHALON; MESENCEPHALON; and LIMBIC SYSTEM as well as cortical afferents of visual, auditory, and somatic origin.
Area of the OCCIPITAL LOBE concerned with the processing of visual information relayed via VISUAL PATHWAYS.
Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.
The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA.
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.

Immunologic enhancement of rat renal allografts. III. Immunopathologic lesions and rejection in long-surviving passively enhanced grafts. (1/58)

Immunologic enhancement of renal allografts from (Lewis times Brown Norway) F1 to Lewis rats was achieved by administering a single dose of antidonor serum at the time of transplantation. A series of grafts functioning for 1 to 4 months after transplantation were examined by light and immunofluorescence microscopy to evaluate the long-term protective effects of the enhancing serum and to determine if previously unobserved lesions appeared in long survivors. Despite the absence of detectable circulating cytotoxic alloantibody, long-term allografts showed necrotizing glomerular and arterial lesions which resembled those seen in acutely rejecting grafts and were compatible with humoral rejection. Thus, in this model, there is a late decline in the ability of passive enhancement to inhibit humoral rejection. Long-term grafts also developed tubular lesions with deposition of immunoglobulin and complement on the tubular basement membranes (TBM). Anti-TBM antibodies were demonstrated in recipients' sera and found to be organ specific but not major histocompatibility antigen or species specific. This tubular lesion is therefore a unique form of allograft injury in which the immune response is directed against tissue antigen(s) which are distinct from the major histocompatibility antigens that induce rejection.  (+info)

Local infusion of urokinase and heparin into renal arteries in impending renal cortical necrosis. (2/58)

Two patients with presumed impending cortical necrosis, after haemolytic uraemic syndrome in one and after concealed accidental haemorrhage in the other, were treated by local infusion of urokinase and heparin into the renal artery. Both recovered and one regained normal renal function. Local infusion of anticoagulants or thrombolytic drugs into one renal artery offers the possibility of a controlled examination of the efficacy of this treatment in preventing cortical necrosis.  (+info)

Electron microscopic and cytochemical study of the vacuoles of regenerating renal tubular cells. (3/58)

The structure and acid phosphatase activity of vacuoles observed in regenerating proximal renal tubules were examined ultrastructurally. The sequestration and degradation of organelles were followed in the vacuoles, which obtain the acid phosphatase presumably from the lysosomes, and the limiting membrane of which originates from the endoplasmic reticulum. The vacuoles are regarded as autophagic vacuoles. Their appearance is correlated with the commencing differentiation of the dedifferentiated regenerating cells, which have similar regenerative phenomena.  (+info)

Histochemical examination of lysosomal exzymes in necrotic proximal renal tubules of albino rats. (4/58)

The lysosomal enzymatic activity of the necrotic proximal tubules was examined by light microscopy and electron microscopy in 24- and 48-h focal renal cortical necrosis induced by administration of oestrogen and posterior pituitary extract in rats. Organelles exhibiting acid phosphatase activity can also be seen in the necrotic cells but these differ in size and structure from the lysosomes of normal cells. The cytoplasmic nonspecific esterase and thioacetic acid hydrolase activities decrease considerably or disappear, although some morphologically damaged, but active, lysosomes can be observed. The role of thelysosomal enzymes is seen not in the development of the necrosis but rather in the breaking down of the already necrotic cell constituents.  (+info)

Experimental galactosamine-induced hepatitis. Effect of anticoagulant and antifibrinolytic agents on microclot formation. (5/58)

An experimental hepatitis was induced in rabbits by intravenous infusion of 1 g galactosamine per kilogram of body weight. Galactosamine administration caused microclot formation in kidneys, liver, lungs, and spleen in a low percentage. If, however, animals were infused with the fibrinolysis inhibitor epsilon-aminocaproic acid in addition to galactosamine, microclots were generated in a high percentage. The microclots exhibited typical staining characteristics like those observed in the generalized Shwartzman reaction. Some animals developed bilateral renal cortical necrosis. Heparin treatment prevented the occurrence of microclot fromation after galactosamine administration, but it neither prolonged the survival time of the animals nor prevented or reduced liver cell damage. Increases in serum GPT and bilirubin levels were similar in heparin-treated and untreated rabbits. The experiments indicate that disseminated intravascular coagulation is involved in galactosamine-induced hepatitis but does not contribute to the severity of the liver injury.  (+info)

Morphological changes induced in the pig kidney by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: nephron injury. (6/58)

While shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is known to cause significant damage to the kidney, little is known about the initial injury to cells along the nephron. In this study, one kidney in each of six juvenile pigs (6-7 weeks old) was treated with 1,000 shock waves (at 24 kV) directed at a lower pole calyx with an unmodified HM-3 lithotripter. Three pigs were utilized as sham-controls. Kidneys were fixed by vascular perfusion immediately after SWL or sham-SWL. Three of the treated kidneys were used to quantitate lesion size. Cortical and medullary samples for light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were taken from the focal zone for the shock waves (F2), the contralateral kidney, and the kidneys of sham-SWL pigs. Because preservation of the tissue occurred within minutes of SWL, the initial injury caused by the shock waves could be separated from secondary changes. No tissue damage was observed in contralateral sham-SWL kidneys, but treated kidneys showed signs of injury, with a lesion of 0.2% +/- 0.1% of renal volume. Intraparenchymal hemorrhage and injury to tubules was found at F2 in both the cortex and medulla of SWL-treated kidneys. Tubular injury was always associated with intraparenchymal bleeding, and the range of tissue injury included total destruction of tubules, focal cellular fragmentation, necrosis, cell vacuolization, and membrane blebbing. The initial injury caused by SWL was cellular fragmentation and necrosis. Cellular vacuolization, membrane blebbing, and disorganization of apical brush borders appear to be secondary changes related to hypoxia.  (+info)

Endocytic delivery of lipocalin-siderophore-iron complex rescues the kidney from ischemia-reperfusion injury. (7/58)

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal), also known as siderocalin, forms a complex with iron-binding siderophores (Ngal:siderophore:Fe). This complex converts renal progenitors into epithelial tubules. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that Ngal:siderophore:Fe protects adult kidney epithelial cells or accelerates their recovery from damage. Using a mouse model of severe renal failure, ischemia-reperfusion injury, we show that a single dose of Ngal (10 microg), introduced during the initial phase of the disease, dramatically protects the kidney and mitigates azotemia. Ngal activity depends on delivery of the protein and its siderophore to the proximal tubule. Iron must also be delivered, since blockade of the siderophore with gallium inhibits the rescue from ischemia. The Ngal:siderophore:Fe complex upregulates heme oxygenase-1, a protective enzyme, preserves proximal tubule N-cadherin, and inhibits cell death. Because mouse urine contains an Ngal-dependent siderophore-like activity, endogenous Ngal might also play a protective role. Indeed, Ngal is highly accumulated in the human kidney cortical tubules and in the blood and urine after nephrotoxic and ischemic injury. We reveal what we believe to be a novel pathway of iron traffic that is activated in human and mouse renal diseases, and it provides a unique method for their treatment.  (+info)

ApoSense: a novel technology for functional molecular imaging of cell death in models of acute renal tubular necrosis. (8/58)

PURPOSE: Acute renal tubular necrosis (ATN), a common cause of acute renal failure, is a dynamic, rapidly evolving clinical condition associated with apoptotic and necrotic tubular cell death. Its early identification is critical, but current detection methods relying upon clinical assessment, such as kidney biopsy and functional assays, are insufficient. We have developed a family of small molecule compounds, ApoSense, that is capable, upon systemic administration, of selectively targeting and accumulating within apoptotic/necrotic cells and is suitable for attachment of different markers for clinical imaging. The purpose of this study was to test the applicability of these molecules as a diagnostic imaging agent for the detection of renal tubular cell injury following renal ischemia. METHODS: Using both fluorescent and radiolabeled derivatives of one of the ApoSense compounds, didansyl cystine, we evaluated cell death in three experimental, clinically relevant animal models of ATN: renal ischemia/reperfusion, radiocontrast-induced distal tubular necrosis, and cecal ligature and perforation-induced sepsis. RESULTS: ApoSense showed high sensitivity and specificity in targeting injured renal tubular epithelial cells in vivo in all three models used. Uptake of ApoSense in the ischemic kidney was higher than in the non-ischemic one, and the specificity of ApoSense targeting was demonstrated by its localization to regions of apoptotic/necrotic cell death, detected morphologically and by TUNEL staining. CONCLUSION: ApoSense technology should have significant clinical utility for real-time, noninvasive detection of renal parenchymal damage of various types and evaluation of its distribution and magnitude; it may facilitate the assessment of efficacy of therapeutic interventions in a broad spectrum of disease states.  (+info)

Kidney cortex necrosis is a serious condition characterized by the death (necrosis) of cells in the outer part (cortex) of the kidneys, usually as a result of an interruption in blood flow. This can occur due to various reasons such as severe shock, blood clots, or complications from pregnancy. The necrosis of kidney cortical tissue can lead to acute renal failure, which is a life-threatening situation requiring immediate medical attention and intensive care.

The death of kidney cells in the cortex disrupts the normal functioning of the kidneys, impairing their ability to filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood. This can result in the accumulation of harmful substances in the body and an imbalance of electrolytes, which can be life-threatening if left untreated.

Kidney cortex necrosis is typically diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan. Treatment usually involves supportive care, including dialysis to replace the kidneys' function until they can recover on their own or until a transplant can be performed. In some cases, the damage to the kidneys may be permanent, leading to chronic renal failure and the need for long-term dialysis or transplantation.

The kidney cortex is the outer region of the kidney where most of the functional units called nephrons are located. It plays a crucial role in filtering blood and regulating water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance in the body. The kidney cortex contains the glomeruli, proximal tubules, loop of Henle, and distal tubules, which work together to reabsorb necessary substances and excrete waste products into the urine.

A kidney, in medical terms, is one of two bean-shaped organs located in the lower back region of the body. They are essential for maintaining homeostasis within the body by performing several crucial functions such as:

1. Regulation of water and electrolyte balance: Kidneys help regulate the amount of water and various electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium in the bloodstream to maintain a stable internal environment.

2. Excretion of waste products: They filter waste products from the blood, including urea (a byproduct of protein metabolism), creatinine (a breakdown product of muscle tissue), and other harmful substances that result from normal cellular functions or external sources like medications and toxins.

3. Endocrine function: Kidneys produce several hormones with important roles in the body, such as erythropoietin (stimulates red blood cell production), renin (regulates blood pressure), and calcitriol (activated form of vitamin D that helps regulate calcium homeostasis).

4. pH balance regulation: Kidneys maintain the proper acid-base balance in the body by excreting either hydrogen ions or bicarbonate ions, depending on whether the blood is too acidic or too alkaline.

5. Blood pressure control: The kidneys play a significant role in regulating blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which constricts blood vessels and promotes sodium and water retention to increase blood volume and, consequently, blood pressure.

Anatomically, each kidney is approximately 10-12 cm long, 5-7 cm wide, and 3 cm thick, with a weight of about 120-170 grams. They are surrounded by a protective layer of fat and connected to the urinary system through the renal pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

Necrosis is the premature death of cells or tissues due to damage or injury, such as from infection, trauma, infarction (lack of blood supply), or toxic substances. It's a pathological process that results in the uncontrolled and passive degradation of cellular components, ultimately leading to the release of intracellular contents into the extracellular space. This can cause local inflammation and may lead to further tissue damage if not treated promptly.

There are different types of necrosis, including coagulative, liquefactive, caseous, fat, fibrinoid, and gangrenous necrosis, each with distinct histological features depending on the underlying cause and the affected tissues or organs.

The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the brain, characterized by its intricate folded structure and wrinkled appearance. It is a region of great importance as it plays a key role in higher cognitive functions such as perception, consciousness, thought, memory, language, and attention. The cerebral cortex is divided into two hemispheres, each containing four lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes. These areas are responsible for different functions, with some regions specializing in sensory processing while others are involved in motor control or associative functions. The cerebral cortex is composed of gray matter, which contains neuronal cell bodies, and is covered by a layer of white matter that consists mainly of myelinated nerve fibers.

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a cytokine, a type of small signaling protein involved in immune response and inflammation. It is primarily produced by activated macrophages, although other cell types such as T-cells, natural killer cells, and mast cells can also produce it.

TNF-α plays a crucial role in the body's defense against infection and tissue injury by mediating inflammatory responses, activating immune cells, and inducing apoptosis (programmed cell death) in certain types of cells. It does this by binding to its receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, which are found on the surface of many cell types.

In addition to its role in the immune response, TNF-α has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, as well as cancer, where it can promote tumor growth and metastasis.

Therapeutic agents that target TNF-α, such as infliximab, adalimumab, and etanercept, have been developed to treat these conditions. However, these drugs can also increase the risk of infections and other side effects, so their use must be carefully monitored.

The prefrontal cortex is the anterior (frontal) part of the frontal lobe in the brain, involved in higher-order cognitive processes such as planning complex cognitive behavior, personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior. It also plays a significant role in working memory and executive functions. The prefrontal cortex is divided into several subregions, each associated with specific cognitive and emotional functions. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can result in various impairments, including difficulties with planning, decision making, and social behavior regulation.

The visual cortex is the part of the brain that processes visual information. It is located in the occipital lobe, which is at the back of the brain. The visual cortex is responsible for receiving and interpreting signals from the retina, which are then transmitted through the optic nerve and optic tract.

The visual cortex contains several areas that are involved in different aspects of visual processing, such as identifying shapes, colors, and movements. These areas work together to help us recognize and understand what we see. Damage to the visual cortex can result in various visual impairments, such as blindness or difficulty with visual perception.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), also known as acute renal failure, is a rapid loss of kidney function that occurs over a few hours or days. It is defined as an increase in the serum creatinine level by 0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours or an increase in the creatinine level to more than 1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days, or a urine volume of less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for six hours.

AKI can be caused by a variety of conditions, including decreased blood flow to the kidneys, obstruction of the urinary tract, exposure to toxic substances, and certain medications. Symptoms of AKI may include decreased urine output, fluid retention, electrolyte imbalances, and metabolic acidosis. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the injury and providing supportive care, such as dialysis, to help maintain kidney function until the injury resolves.

Lypressin is a synthetic analogue of a natural hormone called vasopressin, which is produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. The primary function of vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is to regulate water balance in the body by controlling the amount of urine produced by the kidneys.

Lypressin has similar physiological effects to vasopressin and is used in medical treatments for conditions related to the regulation of water balance, such as diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and the production of large amounts of dilute urine due to a deficiency in vasopressin or an impaired response to it.

In summary, Lypressin is a synthetic form of vasopressin, a hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body by controlling urine production in the kidneys. It is used as a therapeutic agent for treating diabetes insipidus and related conditions.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis (ATN) is a medical condition characterized by the death of tubular epithelial cells that make up the renal tubules of the kidneys. This damage can occur as a result of various insults, including ischemia (lack of blood flow), toxins, or medications.

In ATN, the necrosis of the tubular cells leads to a decrease in the kidney's ability to concentrate urine, regulate electrolytes and remove waste products from the body. This can result in symptoms such as decreased urine output, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, and the accumulation of waste products in the blood (azotemia).

Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis is usually diagnosed based on clinical findings, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Treatment typically involves supportive care, such as administering intravenous fluids to maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, managing any underlying conditions that may have contributed to the development of ATN, and providing dialysis if necessary to support kidney function until the tubular cells can recover.

Ischemia is the medical term used to describe a lack of blood flow to a part of the body, often due to blocked or narrowed blood vessels. This can lead to a shortage of oxygen and nutrients in the tissues, which can cause them to become damaged or die. Ischemia can affect many different parts of the body, including the heart, brain, legs, and intestines. Symptoms of ischemia depend on the location and severity of the blockage, but they may include pain, cramping, numbness, weakness, or coldness in the affected area. In severe cases, ischemia can lead to tissue death (gangrene) or organ failure. Treatment for ischemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the blocked blood flow, such as through medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

Pathologically, the cortex of the kidney is grossly atrophied with relative preservation of the gross structure of the medulla ... Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is a rare cause of acute kidney failure. The condition is "usually caused by significantly ... Patients will require dialysis to compensate for the function of their kidneys. Cortical necrosis is a severe and life- ... of all cases of acute kidney failure in adults and more than 20% of cases of acute kidney failure during late pregnancy. While ...
Most renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of kidney cancer, arises from the convoluted tubules. Acute tubular necrosis ... kidney cortex (LM, Medium)" Nosek, Thomas M. "Section 7/7ch03/7ch03p14". Essentials of Human Physiology. Archived from the ... Urinary pole Brush border List of distinct cell types in the adult human body Distribution of blood vessels in cortex of kidney ... The proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from the renal pole of the Bowman's capsule to the ...
This results in an accumulation of cephaloridine in the renal cortex of the kidney, causing damage and necrosis of the S2 ... The damage of the kidneys can be treated by removing the toxin from the body, monitoring and supporting kidney function ( ... Complications caused by the use of cephaloridine include seizures, coma, chronic kidney failure, acute kidney failure and death ... kidney dysfunction, kidney damage, impaired body water balance and impaired electrolyte balance. ...
... and polycystic kidney disease. Distribution of blood vessels in cortex of kidney. (Although the figure labels the efferent ... renal tubular diseases include acute tubular necrosis and polycystic kidney disease. The nephron is the functional unit of the ... Kidney tissue Glomerulus This image shows the types of cells present in the glomerulus part of a kidney nephron. Podocytes, ... This means that each separate nephron is where the main work of the kidney is performed. A nephron is made of two parts: a ...
... kidney cortex necrosis MeSH C12.777.419.403 - kidney diseases, cystic MeSH C12.777.419.403.500 - medullary sponge kidney MeSH ... kidney failure, acute MeSH C12.777.419.780.500.205.500 - kidney tubular necrosis, acute MeSH C12.777.419.780.500.602 - kidney ... kidney tubular necrosis, acute MeSH C12.777.419.780.750 - renal insufficiency, chronic MeSH C12.777.419.780.750.500 - kidney ... kidney papillary necrosis MeSH C12.777.419.570 - nephritis MeSH C12.777.419.570.363 - glomerulonephritis MeSH C12.777.419.570. ...
Unlike mammals, the kidneys of reptiles do not have a clear distinction between cortex and medulla. The kidneys lack the loop ... to prevent ischemic necrosis of tubular cells. In mammals, the kidneys are usually bean-shaped and located retroperitoneally on ... The structure of the avian kidneys differs from the structure of the mammalian kidneys. The avian kidney is lobulated and ... the nephridia are analogous to the kidneys but nephridia are not kidneys. The first system that could claim to be true kidneys ...
The specific kidney injuries induced by analgesics are renal papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis. They appear ... Because blood flow to the kidney first reaches the renal cortex (outside) and then the renal medulla (inside), the deeper ... Proper kidney function depends upon adequate blood flow to the kidney. Kidney blood flow is a complex, tightly regulated ... and subsequent oxidative damage to the kidney. This kidney damage may lead to progressive chronic kidney failure, abnormal ...
The adrenal cortex is composed of three distinct layers of endocrine cells which produce critical steroid hormones. These ... Necrosis and hemorrhage are rare findings.[citation needed] Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare, highly aggressive cancer ... which regulates blood pressure and kidney function; and certain sex hormones. Both benign and malignant tumors of the adrenal ... Cellular damage with passive release (necrosis, inflammation), active secretion in the form of extracellular vesicles (EV) ( ...
... kidneys, and adrenal cortex. The lining of the blood vessels are also severely affected, which lead the lesions in this region ... Parvovirus, however, is more serious and the presence of bloody diarrhea, a low white blood cell count, and necrosis of the ... Preliminary research in kidney cell lines have identified nitazoxanide, closantel sodium, and closantel as drugs which have the ... On the microscopic level, there are many points of necrosis of the heart muscle that are associated with mononuclear cellular ...
However, in some cases a chronic form of the disease can manifest in the kidneys, lungs, and joints resulting in lesions to the ... Gilt Necropsy: A gilt was found to have liquefactive necrosis in the epicardium of both auricles of the heart, valvular ... multifocal renal infarcts affecting the renal cortices. Fibrinous exudate and pulmonary edema was also a common finding. Acute ... A. equuli also has the capability to cause kidney damage, arthritis and septicemia in affected pigs. The subspecies A. equuli ...
Damage to the renal papillae may result in death to cells in this region of the kidney, called renal papillary necrosis. The ... The broad base of each pyramid faces the renal cortex, and its apex, or papilla, points internally towards the pelvis. The ... Renal medulla Renal medulla Renal papilla Frontal section through the kidney Vertical section of kidney. (Label "medullary sub ... The renal medulla is the innermost part of the kidney. The renal medulla is split up into a number of sections, known as the ...
Hyperechoic kidney without demarcation of cortex and medulla. Figure 24. Chronic pyelonephritis with reduced kidney size and ... Postoperative renal failure with increased cortical echogenicity and kidney size. Biopsy showed acute tubular necrosis. Figure ... Ultrasonography of the kidneys is essential in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related diseases. The kidneys are easily ... Normal pediatric kidney. * Column of Bertin; ** pyramid; *** cortex; **** sinus. Figure 3. Measures of the kidney. L = length. ...
The kidney parenchyma presents in the interstitium abscesses (suppurative necrosis), consisting in purulent exudate (pus): ... Gross pathology often reveals pathognomonic radiations of bleeding and suppuration through the renal pelvis to the renal cortex ... Abscess around both kidneys Abscess around both kidneys Chronic pyelonephritis with reduced kidney size and focal cortical ... Other common manifestations include kidney stones and loss of function of the affected kidney. Bacterial cultures of kidney ...
... kidney podocytes; and 9) cells in the nervous system, e.g., microglia cells in the brain's cerebral cortex and hippocampus, ... tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β) and fewer cells in their milk compared to cows with mastitis that ... However, a heterodimer composed of the HCA2 protein adjoined to the HCA3 protein has been detected in human embryonic kidney ... and tumor necrosis factor-α) in their midbrain tissues and serum. Further studies examined mice that had their Hcar2 gene ...
Ischemia that results may lead to renal papillary necrosis. According to Terminologia Anatomica, the term "vasa recta renis" is ... and leave to ascend to the cortex. Terminations of the vasa recta form the straight venules, branches from the plexuses at the ... The vasa recta of the kidney, (vasa recta renis) are the straight arterioles, and the straight venules of the kidney, - a ... The maintenance of this concentration gradient is one of the components responsible for the kidney's ability to produce ...
Invasion of adjacent structures such as kidney, vena cava, liver, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes are also common. On MRI, it ... Grossly, ACCs are often large, with a tan-yellow cut surface, and areas of hemorrhage and necrosis. On microscopic examination ... "Diseases of the Adrenal Cortex: Adrenal Cancer". EndocrineWeb. Updated on: 04/14/16 Albano D, Agnello F, Midiri F, Pecoraro G, ... Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is an aggressive cancer originating in the cortex (steroid hormone-producing tissue) of the ...
They are oval, elliptical or kidney shaped and produced on aerial mycelia. Macroconidia, which have three to five cells and ... The mycelium advances intracellularly through the root cortex and into the xylem. Once in the xylem, the mycelium remains ... F. oxysporum generally produces symptoms such as wilting, chlorosis, necrosis, premature leaf drop, browning of the vascular ... marginal necrosis and plant death. On older plants, symptoms are more distinct between the blossoming and fruit maturation ...
The most common sites of primary cancer which metastasize to the brain are lung, breast, colon, kidney, and skin cancer. Brain ... Seizures: when present, often indicates disease involvement of the cerebral cortex. The most common sources of brain metastases ... However, it often causes severe side effects, including radiation necrosis, dementia, toxic leukoencephalopathy, partial to ...
... liver and kidney and at lower levels in human basophils, monocytes, lung macrophages, and various human cancer cell lines, and ... tumor necrosis factor α, or various nucleotides including ATP. Pretreament of eosinophils with interleukin 5 (a key mediator in ... a cell line derived from the human adrenal cortex; however, the cells of mice and rats appear to lack a clear OXER1. Mouse MA- ... tumor necrosis factor α, the colony stimulating factors, and the two CCL chemokines) in neutrophils and monocytes further ...
Liver and kidney functions are also normal. Lymph node and thyroid enlargement also have not been detected. Association with ... Postmortem examination of the nine patients' brains reported by Plum and Swanson, revealed necrosis of the central pons in five ... The majority of adult patients experiencing CNH have clinical histories of infiltrative, expanding tumors of the cortex, ...
Dunea G, Kolff WJ (1965). "Clinical Experience with the Yatzidis Charcoal Artificial Kidney". Transactions of the American ... leading to apoptosis and necrosis thus limiting the efficacy of the cells and activating the host's immune system. Artificial ... parathyroid cells and adrenal cortex cells. Shortage of organ donors make artificial cells key players in alternative therapies ... that a portion of cell can have a theoretical mass transfer that is a hundredfold higher than that of a whole artificial kidney ...
If it has spread outside of the kidneys, often into the lymph nodes, the lungs or the main vein of the kidney, then multiple ... Judd, E. Starr (1929). "Carcinoma of the Renal Cortex with Factors Bearing on Prognosis". Archives of Internal Medicine. 44 (5 ... which frequently contains zones of necrosis, haemorrhage and scarring. In a microscopic context, there are four major ... The dye travels from the blood stream and into the kidneys which in time, passes into the kidneys and bladder. This test is not ...
Histological examinations showed neuronal necrosis and gliosis of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord and brainstem. ... The virus can be found in the kidney, jejunum, spleen, liver and bursa of infected birds. Symptoms of this disease include ... Necropsies show swollen and discolored kidneys and there is evidence of death of the epithelial cells and lymphocytic ... Avastrovirus species often infect extraintestinal sites such as the kidney or liver resulting in hepatitis and nephritis. Birds ...
Histological examinations showed neuronal necrosis and gliosis of the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord and brainstem. ... The virus can be found in the kidney, jejunum, spleen, liver and bursa of infected birds. Symptoms of this disease include ... Necropsies show swollen and discolored kidneys and there is evidence of death of the epithelial cells and lymphocytic ... Avastrovirus species often infect extraintestinal sites such as the kidney or liver resulting in hepatitis and nephritis. Birds ...
Tumor necrosis factors (TNF) (and other cytokines) are produced by cells of the innate immune system during local injury and ... The main neural structure responsible for down-regulating psychological stress levels is the prefrontal cortex (PFC). The PFC ... which results in toxicity or damage to the kidney, liver, lungs, and other organs. The vagus nerve is the tenth cranial nerve. ... November 2012). "Distinct contributions of the dorsolateral prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex during emotion regulation". ...
NT-proBNP is the inactive molecule resulting from cleavage of the prohormone Pro-BNP and is reliant solely on the kidney for ... Reduces aldosterone secretion by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex. Relaxes vascular smooth muscle in arterioles and ... interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Dilates the afferent glomerular arteriole, constricts the efferent glomerular ... The achilles heel of the NT-proBNP molecule is the overlap in kidney disease in the heart failure patient population. Some ...
The cortex forms the outer "bark" of each adrenal gland, situated atop the kidneys. The release of cortisol is controlled by ... Cortisol inhibits production of interleukin 12 (IL-12), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), IFN-alpha, and tumor necrosis factor ... Synthesis takes place in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex. (The name cortisol is derived from cortex.) While the ... "Association Between Serum Cortisol and Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Essential Hypertension". Kidney Blood Press Res ...
The kidney in humans is capable of producing glucose from lactate, glycerol and glutamine. The kidney is responsible for about ... Renal gluconeogenesis takes place in the renal cortex. The renal medulla is incapable of producing glucose due to absence of ... Abnormal ranges of the fractional excretion of sodium can imply acute tubular necrosis or glomerular dysfunction. Two organ ... Although the kidney cannot directly sense blood, long-term regulation of blood pressure predominantly depends upon the kidney. ...
... tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6 ), interleukin-8 (IL-8), ... Using human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293T) it has been shown that SeV can stimulate production of a pattern recognition ... However, their quantity is not exceeding the quantity in normal frontal cerebral cortex. A fluorescence microscopy-based assay ... passes through the trachea into the lungs and causes necrosis of the respiratory epithelium. The necrosis is mild in the first ...
... muscle necrosis, acute kidney failure, skin lesions, and visual and auditory problems. Carbon monoxide exposure may lead to a ... hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. Carbon monoxide poisoning in pregnant women may cause severe adverse fetal effects. ... Yang X, de Caestecker M, Otterbein LE, Wang B (July 2020). "Carbon monoxide: An emerging therapy for acute kidney injury". ... Hallmark pathological changes following poisoning are bilateral necrosis of the white matter, globus pallidus, cerebellum, ...
"Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in this website by year, and whether "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" was a major or minor topic of ... "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Kidney Cortex Necrosis". ...
"Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in this website by year, and whether "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" was a major or minor topic of ... "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Kidney Cortex Necrosis". ...
"Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in this website by year, and whether "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" was a major or minor topic of ... "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Kidney Cortex Necrosis". ...
The kidneys were pale with a fine speckling pattern over the cortex. Histopathologic examination of the liver showed multifocal ... necrosis and vacuolation of hepatocytes and infiltration by macrophages. The lungs were congested and infiltrated by ...
Pathologically, the cortex of the kidney is grossly atrophied with relative preservation of the gross structure of the medulla ... Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is a rare cause of acute kidney failure. The condition is "usually caused by significantly ... Patients will require dialysis to compensate for the function of their kidneys. Cortical necrosis is a severe and life- ... of all cases of acute kidney failure in adults and more than 20% of cases of acute kidney failure during late pregnancy. While ...
There was a well circumscribed area of infarction in the spleen and kidney. In the cerebral cortex it was observed an extensive ... Admixed with tumor cells there were multiple areas of hemorrhage, necrosis and thrombosis. In the cerebral cortex there was a ... Bacterial examination was performed in fragments of cerebral cortex and kidney, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was ... There were multiple areas of necrosis and thrombosis in spleen and heart. ...
Glomerular Necrosis Renal Cortical Necrosis Renal Tubule Necrosis Public MeSH Note. 67. Online Note. use KIDNEY CORTEX NECROSIS ... Kidney Cortex Necrosis Preferred Concept UI. M0012013. Scope Note. Death of cells in the KIDNEY CORTEX, a common final result ... Kidney Cortex Necrosis Preferred Term Term UI T023047. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1967). ... Kidney Cortex Necrosis. Tree Number(s). C12.050.351.968.419.393. C12.200.777.419.393. C12.950.419.393. Unique ID. D007673. RDF ...
Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... The mass is of uniform echogenicity with a vague small central hypoechoic area suggestive of tumor necrosis. View Media Gallery ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ...
Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... The mass is of uniform echogenicity with a vague small central hypoechoic area suggestive of tumor necrosis. View Media Gallery ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ...
swollen kidneys with pale cortex and red medulla Acute tubular nephropathy(necrosis). *denudation, flattening, loss of brush ... enlarged kidney, hematuria, proteinuria, eventually renal failure Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, sure with ... pus inflammation of kidney and renal pelvis PMNs infiltrate tubules. common in women, flank pain, frequent urination with pain ... kidneys enlarged and swollen with yellowish abscesses acute pyelonephritis. predisposed by bacteria and urethra because of ...
Synonyms: Nephrolithiasis, kidney cortex necrosis Sustainable support: Biomechanics Research Unit, MINERVA Platform License: ... Kidney crystallopathy and tubular necrosis. Nephron Physiological Map. Development status: Active development Umbrella project: ... This map is developed to study chemical-induced nephrolithiasis (crystallopathy) and tubular necrosis in the ONTOX project. ...
Large tubular necrosis areas were seen only at 4 Gy dose, 1Gy/min dose rate and 48 h post-irradiation time that involved all ... Light and electron microscopy study of radioinduced injuries in rat cortex kidney vs. dose rate of irradiation. L. Labejof1, P ... Ultrastructural lesions were observed in cortex kidneys 24 h after irradiation at 2 and 4 Gy doses and 1 Gy/min dose rate, ... kidneys were take off and cortex fragments were fixed and embedded. Paraffin sections were used for light microscope study and ...
A kidney biopsy showed noninflammatory 40 - 50% fibrosis of the renal cortex associated with acute tubular necrosis. The ... Reintroduction of glucosamine resulted in loss of kidney function after 3 weeks, with GFR reduced from 60 to 53 mL/ min. Thus, ... Some experimental animal studies have shown that glucosamine can cause apoptosis in kidney tubular and mesangial cells as well ...
Necrosis. References. *↑ Krajewski W, Wojciechowska J, Dembowski J, Zdrojowy R, Szydełko T (August 2017). "Hydronephrosis in ... This interruption can occur anywhere along the urinary tract from the kidneys to the urethral meatus. The rise in ureteral ... Note the extensive atrophy and thinning of the renal cortex. . Microscopic Pathology. On microscopic histopathological analysis ... This interruption can occur anywhere along the urinary tract from the kidneys to the urethral meatus. The rise in ureteral ...
Severe cases develop acute cortical necrosis affecting most cells in the renal cortex. Damage to tubular cells results in ... The kidney is the main target organ in STEC-mediated HUS. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. Each kidney ... Within the microvasculature of the kidney these clots disturb blood flow to the organ, causing acute kidney injury and kidney ... In the kidneys, it can lead to early nephron cell death.. Loss of the filtration units of the kidney-the nephrons-is permanent ...
... chronic kidney insufficiency or sex factors or vitamin D or adrenal cortex hormones or tumor necrosis factor or anti- ... Tumor necrosis factor α inhibitor use and decreased risk for incident coronary events in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care ... Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor treatment and the risk of incident cardiovascular events in patients with early rheumatoid ... Effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy on lipid profile in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2008;75: ...
... bilateral kidney cortex necrosis in acute acquired hemolytic anemia. 1925. Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift 125(51-52 ... Scintigraphic detection of the loss of one kidney following en bloc transplantation of paired pediatric kidneys. Clinical ... Isobe, M. 1993: Scintigraphic imaging of MHC class Ii antigen induction in mouse kidney allografts: a new approach to ...
Cortical Necrosis of the Kidneys - Learn about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis & treatment from the MSD Manuals - Medical ... What is cortical necrosis of the kidneys? Cortical necrosis of the kidneys is the death of tissue in the outer layer (cortex) ... Cortical necrosis causes your kidneys to stop doing their job (kidney failure Overview of Kidney Failure Kidney failure is the ... Kidney transplant Kidney Transplantation Kidney transplantation is the removal of a healthy kidney from a living or recently ...
The renal system was grossly normal with no evidence of polycystic kidney disease bilaterally; the cortex was slightly yellow ... There was significant non-suppurative tubulointerstitial nephritis with ongoing neutrophilic tubular inflammation and necrosis ... The adrenals had a thick cortex and a thin medulla. The larynx had long vocal folds and the trachea was 19 mm in diameter. ... consisting particularly of lesions in kidney, liver, and pancreas. ...
... pancreas and anterior cortex of the left kidney. The mass was highly avid on FDG-PET (standardized uptake value, SUVmax 22) ... with area of calcification and necrosis. No other hypermetabolic lesions or adenopathies were found. The consultant hematology- ... 1C1 and C2): a 2.2 × 1.5 cm lesion located on the superior pole of the left kidney, behind the splenic vein at the initial ... on the superior pole of the left kidney, behind the splenic vein at the initial tumor bed, respectively on MRI (left panel) and ...
By the morphometric and immunohistochemical analysis of kidney cortex of every experimental animal, it is expected that ... two therapeutic agents which produced a massive necrosis of implan-ted tumors. Despite controversial behaviour (high ... Baby Hamster Kidney Fibroblasts (BHK 21/C13) have the ability to preserve their properties when they are transfected with ... Histologicaly, cerebral cortex in the region of subarahnoid hematomas was completely damaged with disturbance of neuronal ...
Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... The mass is of uniform echogenicity with a vague small central hypoechoic area suggestive of tumor necrosis. View Media Gallery ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ... Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. Image courtesy of Dr. Pedro ...
The anatomical and histochemical alterations in rat kidneys after the parenteral administration of uranium nitrate [UO2(NO3)2· ... Later, when degeneration and necrosis were present, the foci of calcification were imperfectly related to them in location or ... deposition of calcium always began at foci in the cytoplasm of the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules of the inner cortex ... THE STAGES IN CALCIFICATION OF THE RAT KIDNEY AFTER THE ADMINISTRATION OF URANIUM NITRATE Lewis K. Dahl Lewis K. Dahl ...
Kidney Cortex Kidney Cortex Necrosis Kidney Disease use Kidney Diseases Kidney Disease, Chronic use Renal Insufficiency, ... Kidney, Polycystic use Polycystic Kidney Diseases Kidney, Polycystic, Autosomal Dominant use Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal ... Kidney Dysplasia, Multicystic use Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Kidney Dysplasias, Multicystic use Multicystic Dysplastic ... Kidney Tubular Transport, Inborn Error use Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors Kidney Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors use ...
Kidney Cortex Necrosis. *Kidney Diseases, Cystic. *Kidney Neoplasms. *Kidney Papillary Necrosis. *Nephritis ... "Kidney Diseases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... The D2D3 form of uPAR acts as an immunotoxin and may cause diabetes and kidney disease. Sci Transl Med. 2023 09 20; 15(714): ... Effects of metformin and intensive lifestyle interventions on the incidence of kidney disease in adults in the DPP/DPPOS. J ...
They are released from the cortex of the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys. Cortisol has a significant function in ... Addisons disease also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency is a hormonal disorder characterized by tissue necrosis and ... Administration of anabolic steroids affects the metabolism and causes damage to vital organs such as heart, brain, kidneys and ...
  • Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is a rare cause of acute kidney failure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Acute Thrombotic Microangiopathy and Cortical Necrosis Following Administration of Alemtuzumab: A Case Report. (wakehealth.edu)
  • [4] Severe cases develop acute cortical necrosis affecting most cells in the renal cortex. (marlerblog.com)
  • Cortical necrosis of the kidneys is the death of tissue in the outer layer (cortex) of one or both of your kidneys. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Cortical necrosis is caused by a blockage of the blood vessels that bring blood to your kidneys. (msdmanuals.com)
  • What causes cortical necrosis of the kidneys? (msdmanuals.com)
  • What are the symptoms of cortical necrosis of the kidneys? (msdmanuals.com)
  • How can doctors tell if I have cortical necrosis of the kidneys? (msdmanuals.com)
  • Doctors suspect cortical necrosis if you have one of the disorders that can cause it and routine blood tests show your kidneys aren't working normally. (msdmanuals.com)
  • How do doctors treat cortical necrosis of the kidneys? (msdmanuals.com)
  • Doctors treat the problem that caused the cortical necrosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Acute Renal Cortical Necrosis (ARCN) is characterized by the destruction of the renal cortex with poor prognosis. (ajsuccr.org)
  • 11. Fernandez CP, Ripolles T, Martinez MJ, Blay J, Pallardo L, Gavela E. Diagnosis of acute cortical necrosis in renal transplantation by contrast-enhanced ultrasound: a preliminary experience. (acr.org)
  • To evaluate the use of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for diagnosis of cortical necrosis in renal allografts. (acr.org)
  • Each layer contains a complement of pyramidal, so- called Across species, greater cortical gyrification, or folding of the cortex, has been shown to be associated with higher cognitive abilities and is thought to reflect an problem for understanding the complex cortical integrative functions that underlie cognition. (netlify.app)
  • 10 Aug 2020 Malformations of cortical development (MCD) comprise a large, heterogeneous group of disorders of disrupted cerebral cortex formation caused cortical irregularity(DFCI)이며(2-5), 내측 장딴지근( m e d i a l head of gastrocnemius muscle)이 대퇴골에 부착되는 부위에 생. (netlify.app)
  • Next article Disorders of cortical formation are classified according to the embryologic stage of the cerebral cortex at which the abnormality occurred. (netlify.app)
  • I investigate how the cerebral cortex may realise a number of basic computational av M Magnin · 2010 · Citerat av 168 - Thalamic and cortical activities are assumed to be time-locked Thus, asynchronous thalamo-cortical deactivation while falling asleep Many translated example sentences containing "cortical" - Swedish-English dictionary and search engine for Swedish translations. (netlify.app)
  • Cortical: Having to do with the cortex, the outer layer of an organ. (netlify.app)
  • Admixed with tumor cells there were multiple areas of hemorrhage, necrosis and thrombosis. (ufrgs.br)
  • In most cases, there will be a solitary tumor in one kidney, but 5-13% of children have bilateral tumors and 10% have multifocal tumors in a single kidney. (medscape.com)
  • In a study of ultrasound and laboratory findings in Wilms tumor survivors with a solitary kidney, signs of kidney damage were seen in 22 of 53 patients (41.5%) on ultrasonography. (medscape.com)
  • The mass is of uniform echogenicity with a vague small central hypoechoic area suggestive of tumor necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • An IVU shows a nonfunctioning left kidney with a suggestion of ill-defined mass in the left loin due to a biopsy-proven Wilms tumor. (medscape.com)
  • The tumor is confined to the kidney, and it was completely excised. (medscape.com)
  • The tumor extends beyond the kidney, but it was completely excised. (medscape.com)
  • Once the microglia is activated by lipopolysaccharide, the affected microglia can produce a series of proinflammatory and cytotoxic factors, such as tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and interleukin- (IL-) 1 β , which have been implicated in the neuropathogenesis of AD [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Western blot was used to quantify the expression of VE-cadherin, LC3II, and inflammatory factors (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in kidney tissue, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected serum inflammatory factors and kidney function and early kidney injury biomarker levels. (scienceopen.com)
  • In the cerebral cortex it was observed an extensive area of hemorrhage with adhered blood clot from frontal to temporal lobe. (ufrgs.br)
  • In the cerebral cortex there was a focally extensive area of hemorrhage, multifocal thrombosis, abundant amount of gitter cells, and moderate perivascular inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes. (ufrgs.br)
  • Bacterial examination was performed in fragments of cerebral cortex and kidney, and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated. (ufrgs.br)
  • In this study, two causes which may have led to thromboembolism and cerebral hemorrhage are discussed: septicemia after invasion of lymphatic vessels by the anaplastic carcinoma or hypercoagulability caused by the systemic neoplasia, which could have reduce the blood flow to vessels of the cerebral cortex. (ufrgs.br)
  • These RAS peptides are present in astrocytes, glial cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons of various areas of the brain [ 14 , 15 ] such as the basal ganglia, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus [ 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The condition is "usually caused by significantly diminished arterial perfusion of the kidneys due to spasms of the feeding arteries, microvascular injury, or disseminated intravascular coagulation" and is the pathological progression of acute tubular necrosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • Rapidly corrected acute renal ischemia leads to acute tubular necrosis, from which complete recovery is possible, while more prolonged ischemia may lead to RCN. (wikipedia.org)
  • This map is developed to study chemical-induced nephrolithiasis (crystallopathy) and tubular necrosis in the ONTOX project. (disease-maps.org)
  • Large tubular necrosis areas were seen only at 4 Gy dose, 1Gy/min dose rate and 48 h post-irradiation time that involved all tubules. (radioprotection.org)
  • Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation. (wikipedia.org)
  • As seen in other kidney diseases, in STEC-HUS patients the progression to CKD is the consequence of renal mass reduction due to the loss of nephrons during the acute stage. (marlerblog.com)
  • Kidney Diseases" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Kidney Diseases" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Kidney Diseases" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • 7. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. (acr.org)
  • Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, such as tumors, nervous system diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, kidney injury, and blood diseases. (nature.com)
  • Ferroptosis plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as tumors, neurological diseases, acute kidney injury, ischemia/reperfusion, etc. (nature.com)
  • Histopathologic examination of the liver showed multifocal necrosis and vacuolation of hepatocytes and infiltration by macrophages. (cdc.gov)
  • 1° Acute interstitial nephritis is a disease with renal hypertrophy due to the formation of nodular abscesses which invade the renal cortex. (vin.com)
  • 2° In chronic interstitial nephritis, kidneys are small and irregular. (vin.com)
  • Nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) scan in a 35-year-old woman with hypertension demonstrates a large, right-sided, inhomogeneous adrenal mass (white arrows) with a central area of low attenuation that represents hemorrhage or necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • They are highly vascular (see the images below), and larger tumors are prone to hemorrhage and necrosis, even when they are benign. (medscape.com)
  • Addison's disease also known as chronic adrenal insufficiency is a hormonal disorder characterized by tissue necrosis and granulomatous appearance. (targetwoman.com)
  • The ingredients may otherwise cause local tissue necrosis and granuloma in the lungs. (who.int)
  • In general the renal cortex is under greater oxygen tension and more prone to ischemic injury, especially at the level of the proximal collecting tubule, leading to its preferential damage in a sudden drop in perfusion. (wikipedia.org)
  • We observed the effect of ulinastatin in a septic rat model using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to evaluate the perfusion of the renal cortex and medulla. (scienceopen.com)
  • Ulinastatin effectively protects the adhesion junction and helps ameliorate the perfusion of kidney capillaries during sepsis by the inhibition of autophagy and the expression of inflammatory factors. (scienceopen.com)
  • Administration of anabolic steroids affects the metabolism and causes damage to vital organs such as heart, brain, kidneys and liver. (targetwoman.com)
  • Simultaneously, CORT, as an adrenal cortex hormone, can even increase gluconeogenesis in liver cells. (ito-hosting.com)
  • If you are older than 65 years , if your thyroid does not work properly (hypofunction), or if you suffer from a severe liver or kidney impairment, your doctor wil prescribe you a lower dose. (who.int)
  • Pathologically, the cortex of the kidney is grossly atrophied with relative preservation of the gross structure of the medulla. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hydronephrosis was detected in only 5% (42 of 810) of studies and in only 2.3% (19 of 810) of the cases was obstructive uropathy considered the cause of acute kidney injury. (acr.org)
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe disease with high morbidity and mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our results revealed that iPSC-derived RPCs can protect AKI rat from renal function impairment and severe tubular injury by up-regulating the renal tubules formation, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microenvironment in the injured kidney. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Striated nephrogram which is an appearance of gas in the renal area in emphysematous described for acute pyelonephritis shows discrete pyelonephritis or abscess and the typical mass like rays of alternating hypo attenuation and hyper calcification in end stage renal tuberculosis (Putty attenuation radiating from the papilla to the cortex kidney). (egyptianjournal.xyz)
  • Pyelonephritis may manifest as wedge shaped zones tuberculosis, papillary necrosis and to evaluate of decreased attenuation or a hypodense mass in its congenital anomalies. (egyptianjournal.xyz)
  • They are released from the cortex of the adrenal glands located on top of the kidneys. (targetwoman.com)
  • Degenerative changes in the glomeruli and tubules of the renal cortex. (wikidoc.org)
  • The deposition of calcium always began at foci in the cytoplasm of the cells of the proximal convoluted tubules of the inner cortex. (rupress.org)
  • The transplantation of iPSC-derived RPCs decreased the levels of biomarkers indicative of renal injury and attenuated the necrosis and apoptosis of renal tissues, but resulted in the up-regulation of renal tubules formation, cell proliferation, and the expression of pro-renal factors. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 10 ] showed that the transplantation of mouse ESCs-derived RPCs can result in the stable integration into proximal tubules with normal morphology and normal polarization injection into developing live newborn mouse kidneys, suggesting the potential of ESCs for application in regenerative therapies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The role of intravenous urography (IVU) has diminished lately, however it still remains the best modality to diagnose calyceal irregularity of early tuberculosis, papillary necrosis and to evaluate congenital anomalies. (egyptianjournal.xyz)
  • It is frequently associated with obstetric catastrophes such as abruptio placentae and septic shock, and is three times more common in developing nations versus industrialized nations (2% versus 6% in causes of acute kidney failure). (wikipedia.org)
  • It accounts for 2% of all cases of acute kidney failure in adults and more than 20% of cases of acute kidney failure during late pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histological staining was used to evaluate kidney injury scores. (scienceopen.com)
  • Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. (harvard.edu)
  • Traditionally, cell death has been divided into apoptosis and necrosis. (nature.com)
  • Recent studies have shown that in addition to necrosis and apoptosis, there are also other new programmed death modes, such as autophagy, necrosis and necrotic apoptosis, which have unique biological processes and pathophysiological characteristics. (nature.com)
  • It does not have the morphological characteristics of typical necrosis, such as swelling of the cytoplasm and organelles and rupture of the cell membrane, nor does it have the characteristics of traditional cell apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and disintegration of the cytoskeleton. (nature.com)
  • 4. Podoll A, Walther C, Finkel K. Clinical utility of gray scale renal ultrasound in acute kidney injury. (acr.org)
  • Most other ultrasound findings were incidental and did not establish an etiology for the acute kidney injury. (acr.org)
  • In order to describe radiation induced alterations of renal cell morphology, adult rats were whole-body exposed to 60-cobalt gamma rays at various doses (1, 2, or 4 Gy) and two dose rates (1 Gy/min or 1 Gy/h). 24 h or 48 h after irradiation, kidneys were take off and cortex fragments were fixed and embedded. (radioprotection.org)
  • Studies have shown that the selective non-steroidal MRA finerenone reduces the risk of cardiovascular events and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in individuals with CKD and type 2 diabetes mellitus. (gjmpbu.org)
  • [ 2 ] Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often leads to many serious complications as end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular complication. (gjmpbu.org)
  • To provide clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). (acr.org)
  • The usefulness of diagnostic testing in the initial evaluation of chronic kidney disease. (acr.org)
  • Practical Approach to Detection and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease for the Primary Care Clinician. (acr.org)
  • This is prone to show that atropine can enhance the activity of SRM to advertise the manufacturing of spermidine, and deal with oxidative stress, memory loss, and cell necrosis attributable to KYDS through bettering the body's autophagy. (ito-hosting.com)
  • They are found on epithelial, endothelial, mesangial, and glomerular cells of the kidney, as well as microvascular endothelial cells of the brain and intestine. (marlerblog.com)
  • [ 1 ] The comorbidities associated with diabetes also need to be addressed as complications may affect both small and large blood vessels, leading to organ damage like kidney disease which is a major microvascular complication. (gjmpbu.org)
  • Intrinsic obstructions (those that occur within the tract) include blood clots, stones, sloughed papilla along with tumours of the kidney, ureter and bladder. (wikidoc.org)
  • PFKFB3-Mediated Glycolysis Boosts Fibroblast Activation and Subsequent Kidney Fibrosis. (harvard.edu)
  • While the only diagnostic "gold standard" mechanism of diagnosis en vivo is via kidney biopsy, the clinical conditions and blood clotting disorder often associated with this disease may make it impractical in a clinical setting. (wikipedia.org)
  • Polycystic kidney disease in cats is a disorder characterized by the displacement of differentiated normal structures of renal parenchyma by multiple cysts. (vin.com)
  • The extent of the necrosis is a major determinant of the prognosis, which in turn is dependent on the duration of ischemia, duration of oliguria, and the severity of the precipitating conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The D2D3 form of uPAR acts as an immunotoxin and may cause diabetes and kidney disease. (harvard.edu)
  • The kidneys were pale with a fine speckling pattern over the cortex. (cdc.gov)
  • Exploring hospital practice types and their impact on glomerular pathologic patterns: Insights from the largest kidney biopsy cohort in Thailand. (harvard.edu)
  • Specimen of a kidney that has undergone extensive dilation due to hydronephrosis. (wikidoc.org)
  • [2] Within the microvasculature of the kidney these clots disturb blood flow to the organ, causing acute kidney injury and kidney failure. (marlerblog.com)
  • The kidney is the main target organ in STEC-mediated HUS. (marlerblog.com)
  • The scan shows a 6 x 8 cm solid mass at the lower pole of the right kidney displacing part of the collecting system in a cephalad direction. (medscape.com)
  • The upper pole of the displaced right kidney can be seen (black arrow). (medscape.com)
  • Here, we reported a Chinese female patient presenting abrupt anuria, acute kidney injury and heart failure. (ajsuccr.org)
  • Axial US image shows a solid 4.5-cm solid mass anterior cortex, lower pole of the left kidney. (medscape.com)
  • There was a well circumscribed area of infarction in the spleen and kidney. (ufrgs.br)
  • There were multiple areas of necrosis and thrombosis in spleen and heart. (ufrgs.br)
  • Kidneys palpated through the abdominal wall are enlarged and dented. (vin.com)
  • Infection may invade the whole kidney, leading to pyonephritis with capsular thickening (capsulite). (vin.com)
  • In contrast, the amount of calcification was correlated with the dose of uranium nitrate, being greatest in the kidneys of rats that received 20 mg./kg. (rupress.org)
  • From there, WBCs carry the toxin to the kidneys and other organs. (marlerblog.com)
  • Because this attachment causes these organs to be susceptible to the toxicity of Shiga toxins, this distribution explains the involvement of the gut, kidney, and brain in STEC-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). (marlerblog.com)
  • Your kidneys are 2 bean-shaped organs that make urine (pee), balance your body's water and mineral levels, and filter waste out of your blood. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Kidney Cortex Necrosis" by people in Profiles. (rush.edu)
  • Inflammation of the connective and adipose tissues surrounding the KIDNEY. (umassmed.edu)
  • Ultrastructural lesions were observed in cortex kidneys 24 h after irradiation at 2 and 4 Gy doses and 1 Gy/min dose rate, displaying all features of apoptotic process mainly in PCT isolated cells. (radioprotection.org)
  • Cell-based therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or renal progenitor cells (RPCs) resident in the kidney has appeared to be an effective strategy for the treatment of AKI. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In response to acute injury, the adult kidney shows some level of regeneration characterized by the proliferation of the surviving cells and the replacement of the necrotic tubular cells with functional tubular epithelium [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, progenitor cells in the adult kidney are rare, which limits the application of these cells. (biomedcentral.com)