Agents that soften, separate, and cause desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. They are used to expose mycelia of infecting fungi or to treat corns, warts, and certain other skin diseases.
Diseases of the skin with a genetic component, usually the result of various inborn errors of metabolism.
Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of causes.
A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry, moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.
An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.96. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
A mitosporic fungal genus that causes a variety of skin disorders. Malassezia furfur (Pityrosporum orbiculare) causes TINEA VERSICOLOR.
A mild exanthematous inflammation of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of salmon-colored maculopapular lesions. The most striking feature is the arrangement of the lesions such that the long axis is parallel to the lines of cleavage. The eruptions are usually generalized, affecting chiefly the trunk, and the course is often self-limiting.
Drugs whose drug name is not protected by a trademark. They may be manufactured by several companies.
A name originally applied to a group of skin diseases characterized by the formation of fine, branny scales, but now used only with a modifier. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Young women taking isotretinoin still conceive. Role of physicians in preventing disaster. (1/188)

QUESTION: One of my adolescent patients was prescribed isotretinoin for severe acne by a dermatologist. I was shocked to discover she does not use any means of contraception. The dermatologist insists he told her about the need for contraception. How can we do better? ANSWER: Clearly this dermatologist, like many of his colleagues, does not comply with the Pregnancy Prevention Program. Until physicians become more aware of this program, babies will continue to be born with embryopathy due to isotretinoin.  (+info)

Topical psoriasis therapy. (2/188)

Psoriasis is a common dermatosis, affecting from 1 to 3 percent of the population. Until recently, the mainstays of topical therapy have been corticosteroids, tars, anthralins and keratolytics. Recently, however, vitamin D analogs, a new anthralin preparation and topical retinoids have expanded physicians' therapeutic armamentarium. These new topical therapies offer increased hope and convenience to the large patient population with psoriasis.  (+info)

Fomepizole for the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. Methylpyrazole for Toxic Alcohols Study Group. (3/188)

BACKGROUND: Ethylene glycol poisoning causes metabolic acidosis and renal failure and may cause death. The standard treatment is inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase with ethanol, given in intoxicating doses, and adjunctive hemodialysis. We studied the efficacy of fomepizole, a new inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, in the treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning. METHODS: We administered intravenous fomepizole to 19 patients with ethylene glycol poisoning (plasma ethylene glycol concentration, > or =20 mg per deciliter [3.2 mmol per liter]). Patients who met specific criteria also underwent hemodialysis. Treatment was continued until plasma ethylene glycol concentrations were less than 20 mg per deciliter. Acid-base status, renal function, the kinetics of fomepizole, and ethylene glycol metabolism were assessed at predetermined intervals. RESULTS: Fifteen of the patients initially had acidosis (mean serum bicarbonate concentration, 12.9 mmol per liter). Acid-base status tended to normalize within hours after the initiation of treatment with fomepizole. One patient with extreme acidosis died. In nine patients, renal function decreased during therapy; at enrollment, all nine had high serum creatinine concentrations and markedly elevated plasma glycolate concentrations (> or =97.7 mg per deciliter [12.9 mmol per liter]). None of the 10 patients with normal serum creatinine concentrations at enrollment had renal injury during treatment; all 10 had plasma glycolate concentrations at or below 76.8 mg per deciliter (10.1 mmol per liter). Renal injury was independent of the initial plasma ethylene glycol concentration. The plasma concentration of glycolate and the urinary excretion of oxalate, the major metabolites of ethylene glycol, uniformly fell after the initiation of fomepizole therapy. Few adverse effects were attributable to fomepizole. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with ethylene glycol poisoning, fomepizole administered early in the course of intoxication prevents renal injury by inhibiting the formation of toxic metabolites.  (+info)

Structural basis for engineering of retinoic acid receptor isotype-selective agonists and antagonists. (4/188)

BACKGROUND: Many synthetic retinoids have been generated that exhibit a distinct pattern of agonist/antagonist activities with the three retinoic acid receptors (RARalpha, RARbeta and RARgamma). Because these retinoids are selective tools with which to dissect the pleiotropic functions of the natural pan-agonist, retinoic acid, and might constitute new therapeutic drugs, we have determined the structural basis of their receptor specificity and compared their activities in animal and yeast cells. RESULTS: There are only three divergent amino acid residues in the ligand binding pockets (LBPs) of RARalpha, RARbeta and RARgamma. We demonstrate here that the ability of monospecific (class I) retinoid agonists and antagonists to bind to and induce or inhibit transactivation by a given isotype is directly linked to the nature of these residues. The agonist/antagonist potential of class II retinoids, which bind to all three RARs but depending on the RAR isotype have the potential to act as agonists or antagonists, was also largely determined by the three divergent LBP residues. These mutational studies were complemented by modelling, on the basis of the three-dimensional structures of the RAR ligand-binding domains, and a comparison of the retinoid agonist/antagonist activities in animal and yeast cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal the rational basis of RAR isotype selectivity, explain the existence of class I and II retinoids, and provide a structural concept of ligand-mediated antagonism. Interestingly, the agonist/antagonist characteristics of retinoids are not conserved in yeast cells, suggesting that yeast co-regulators interact with RARs in a different way than the animal cell homologues do.  (+info)

Retinoic acid prevents phosphorylation of pRB in normal human B lymphocytes: regulation of cyclin E, cyclin A, and p21(Cip1). (5/188)

The mechanisms underlying the growth-inhibitory effect of retinoids on normal human B lymphocytes are not well understood. We addressed this issue by examining the effect of retinoic acid on the cell cycle machinery involved in G1/S transition. When retinoic acid was administered to B cells stimulated into mid to late G1 by anti-IgM antibodies (anti-mu) and Staphylococcus aureus crude cell suspension (SAC), the phosphorylation of pRB required for S-phase entry was prevented in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Thus, 2-hour treatment with retinoic acid at the optimal concentration of 1 micromol/L prevented phosphorylation of pRB, and effects were noted at concentrations as low as 10 nmol/L. Based on our results, we suggest that the rapid effect of retinoic acid on pRB phosphorylation is due primarily to the reduced expression of cyclin E and cyclin A in late G1. This could lead to the diminished cyclin E- and cyclin A-associated kinase activities noted as early as 2 hours after addition of retinoic acid. Furthermore, our results imply that the transient induction of p21(Cip1) could also be involved. Thus, retinoic acid induced a rapid, but transient increased binding of p21(Cip1) to CDK2. The retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist TTNPB mimicked the key events affected by retinoic acid, such as pRB phosphorylation, cyclin E expression, and expression of p21(Cip1), whereas the RAR-selective antagonist Ro 41-5253 counteracted the effects of retinoic acid. This implies that retinoic acid mediates its growth-inhibitory effect on B lymphocytes via the nuclear receptors.  (+info)

Ethylene glycol developmental toxicity: unraveling the roles of glycolic acid and metabolic acidosis. (6/188)

This study sought to determine the relative roles of glycolic acid (GA), a toxicologically important metabolite of ethylene glycol (EG), and metabolic acidosis in causing developmental toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats. To tease apart these two interrelated factors, we developed an experimental approach in which high blood glycolate levels could be achieved, in either the presence or absence of metabolic acidosis. Initially, rats previously implanted with a carotid artery cannula were given, on gestation day (gd) 10, 40.3 mmol/kg (2500 mg/kg) of EG via gavage, 8.5 mmol/kg (650 mg/kg) of GA via gavage, 8.5 mmol/kg (833 mg/kg) of sodium glycolate (NaG; pH 7.4) via subcutaneous (sc) injection, or distilled water via gavage (control). Peak serum glycolate was nearly identical (8.4-8.8 mM) in the EG, GA, and NaG groups and, as expected, EG and GA caused a metabolic acidosis, but acid base balance was normal with NaG. Subsequently, these treatments were given on gd 6-15 to groups of 25 time-mated rats, followed by fetal evaluation on gd 21. EG and GA decreased fetal body weights and caused a similar spectrum of developmental effects, including numerous axial skeleton malformations. NaG treatment also caused slight decreases in fetal body weight, increases in skeletal variations, and totally malformed fetuses. These results indicate that glycolate, in the absence of metabolic acidosis, can cause the most sensitive of EG's developmental effects, whereas metabolic acidosis appears to interact with glycolate at very high doses to markedly enhance teratogenesis. These results support previous studies, which indicated that glycolate is the proximate developmental toxicant for EG, and that GA toxicokinetic parameters can be used to define a quantitative, physiologically based threshold for EG-induced developmental effects.  (+info)

An analysis of the early events when oligodendrocyte precursor cells are triggered to differentiate by thyroid hormone, retinoic acid, or PDGF withdrawal. (7/188)

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells withdraw from the cell cycle and terminally differentiate after a limited number of cell divisions. The timing of cell-cycle withdrawal and differentiation is controlled by an intrinsic timer, which consists of a timing component that measures elapsed time and an effector component that arrests the cell cycle and initiates differentiation. The effector component can be triggered by either thyroid hormone (TH) or retinoic acid (RA). In this study we investigate how TH and RA act to trigger differentiation. We show the following: (1) Synthetic retinoids that can inhibit AP-1 transcription factors but do not activate gene transcription cannot trigger the effector mechanism, suggesting that TH and RA do not act only by inhibiting AP-1 activity as previously suggested. (2) Both TH and RA induce a transcriptionally dependent antigenic change in purified precursor cells within 2-4 h. (3) Unexpectedly, even before they differentiate, the precursor cells express ceramide galactosyltransferase (CGT), the enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of galactocerebroside, an early marker of oligodendrocyte differentiation. (4) Neither TH nor RA directly activates the transcription of the CGT gene, a number of immediate early genes, or the genes that encode any of the known cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. (5) The withdrawal of the mitogen platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), but not TH or RA treatment, causes a rapid decrease in c-fos, NGFI-A/Krox-24, and cyclin D2 mRNA, even though all three treatments trigger cell-cycle arrest and differentiation. (6) PDGF withdrawal and TH treatment, but not RA treatment, induce an increase in cyclin D3 mRNA within 4 h. Thus, we have not found any early changes in gene expression that occur with all three treatments that trigger oligodendrocyte differentiation.  (+info)

The early expression control of Xepsin by nonaxial and planar posteriorizing signals in Xenopus epidermis. (8/188)

The control mechanism of the anteroposterior axis specification in Xenopus epidermis was studied by comparing the expression of a novel anterior marker, Xepsin, with that of a panepidermal marker, type I keratin. Xepsin mRNA, which encodes a novel Xenopus serine protease, is transcribed zygotically with the expression peak in neurula stages. In normal development, its expression is limited to the anterior and anterior-dorsal portions within epidermis during neurula and tailbud stages, respectively. In UV-irradiated ventralized embryos (dorsoanterior index, DAI 0 and 1), an expression boundary for Xepsin is apparently formed within the epidermis. In contrast, Xepsin expression was observed throughout the epidermis in LiCl-treated dorsalized embryos (DAI 10), as seen from an expression pattern indistinguishable from that of type I keratin. These data suggest that posteriorizing signals which suppress the transcription of Xepsin are present in nonaxial regions and absent in the anterior dorsal mesoderm. That posteriorizing signals were present in nonaxial regions was also supported by a conjugation experiment in which Xepsin expression was suppressed in ectodermal explants conjugated with lateral or ventral marginal zone. Moreover, the partly suppressed expression of Xepsin in the epidermal region of exogastrulae indicates that the signals may travel horizontally within the plane of the epidermis. We also present data showing that both treatment with retinoic acid and the overexpression of a constitutively active form of a retinoic acid receptor caused the suppression of Xepsin mRNA transcription, suggesting that anterior-posterior patterning in the central nervous system and in the epidermis may share common endogenous factors, i.e. , retinoids, in the Xenopus embryo.  (+info)

Keratolytic agents are substances that cause the softening and sloughing off of excess keratin, the protein that makes up the outermost layer of the skin (stratum corneum). These agents help to break down and remove dead skin cells, increase moisture retention, and promote the growth of new skin cells. They are commonly used in the treatment of various dermatological conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, warts, calluses, and ichthyosis. Examples of keratolytic agents include salicylic acid, urea, lactic acid, and retinoic acid.

Genetic skin diseases are a group of disorders caused by mutations or alterations in the genetic material (DNA), which can be inherited from one or both parents. These mutations affect the structure, function, or development of the skin and can lead to various conditions with different symptoms, severity, and prognosis.

Some examples of genetic skin diseases include:

1. Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB): A group of disorders characterized by fragile skin and mucous membranes that blister and tear easily, leading to painful sores and wounds. There are several types of EB, each caused by mutations in different genes involved in anchoring the epidermis to the dermis.
2. Ichthyosis: A family of genetic disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly, or rough skin. The severity and symptoms can vary widely, depending on the specific type and underlying genetic cause.
3. Neurofibromatosis: A group of conditions caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, which regulates cell growth and division. The most common types, NF1 and NF2, are characterized by the development of benign tumors called neurofibromas on the skin and nerves, as well as other symptoms affecting various organs and systems.
4. Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC): A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, which control cell growth and division. TSC is characterized by the development of benign tumors in multiple organs, including the skin, brain, heart, kidneys, and lungs.
5. Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP): A rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in genes responsible for repairing DNA damage from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. People with XP are extremely sensitive to sunlight and have a high risk of developing skin cancer and other complications.
6. Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP): A genetic disorder that affects the development and growth of skin, hair, nails, teeth, and eyes. IP is caused by mutations in the IKBKG gene and primarily affects females.
7. Darier's Disease: An inherited skin disorder characterized by greasy, crusted, keratotic papules and plaques, usually located on the trunk, scalp, and seborrheic areas of the body. Darier's disease is caused by mutations in the ATP2A2 gene.

These are just a few examples of genetic skin disorders. There are many more, each with its unique set of symptoms, causes, and treatments. If you or someone you know has a genetic skin disorder, it is essential to consult with a dermatologist or other healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Erythema is a term used in medicine to describe redness of the skin, which occurs as a result of increased blood flow in the superficial capillaries. This redness can be caused by various factors such as inflammation, infection, trauma, or exposure to heat, cold, or ultraviolet radiation. In some cases, erythema may also be accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, warmth, pain, or itching. It is a common finding in many medical conditions and can vary in severity from mild to severe.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, inflammatory skin condition that mainly affects the scalp, face, and upper part of the body. It causes skin irritation, flaking, and redness, often in areas where the skin is oily or greasy. The exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis is not fully understood, but it appears to be related to a combination of genetic, environmental, and microbial factors.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis can vary in severity and may include:

* Greasy or flaky scales on the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, ears, or beard
* Redness and inflammation of the skin
* Itching, burning, or stinging sensations
* Yellow or white crusty patches on the scalp or other affected areas
* Hair loss (in severe cases)

Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic condition that tends to flare up and then subside over time. While there is no cure for seborrheic dermatitis, various treatments can help manage the symptoms and prevent complications. These may include medicated shampoos, topical creams or ointments, and lifestyle changes such as stress reduction and avoiding triggers that worsen symptoms.

It is important to note that seborrheic dermatitis should not be confused with other skin conditions, such as psoriasis or eczema, which may have similar symptoms. A healthcare professional can provide a proper diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment options based on the individual's specific needs.

Selenium is a trace element that is essential for the proper functioning of the human body. According to the medical definitions provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), selenium is a component of several major metabolic pathways, including thyroid hormone metabolism, antioxidant defense systems, and immune function.

Selenium is found in a variety of foods, including nuts (particularly Brazil nuts), cereals, fish, and meat. It exists in several forms, with selenomethionine being the most common form found in food. Other forms include selenocysteine, which is incorporated into proteins, and selenite and selenate, which are inorganic forms of selenium.

The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for selenium is 55 micrograms per day for adults. While selenium deficiency is rare, chronic selenium deficiency can lead to conditions such as Keshan disease, a type of cardiomyopathy, and Kaschin-Beck disease, which affects the bones and joints.

It's important to note that while selenium is essential for health, excessive intake can be harmful. High levels of selenium can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and neurological damage. The tolerable upper intake level (UL) for selenium is 400 micrograms per day for adults.

An encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on various topics, usually arranged in alphabetical order. In the context of medicine, a medical encyclopedia is a collection of articles that provide information about a wide range of medical topics, including diseases and conditions, treatments, tests, procedures, and anatomy and physiology. Medical encyclopedias may be published in print or electronic formats and are often used as a starting point for researching medical topics. They can provide reliable and accurate information on medical subjects, making them useful resources for healthcare professionals, students, and patients alike. Some well-known examples of medical encyclopedias include the Merck Manual and the Stedman's Medical Dictionary.

Malassezia is a genus of fungi (specifically, yeasts) that are commonly found on the skin surfaces of humans and other animals. They are part of the normal flora of the skin, but under certain conditions, they can cause various skin disorders such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor, and atopic dermatitis.

Malassezia species require lipids for growth, and they are able to break down the lipids present in human sebum into fatty acids, which can cause irritation and inflammation of the skin. Malassezia is also associated with fungal infections in people with weakened immune systems.

The genus Malassezia includes several species, such as M. furfur, M. globosa, M. restricta, M. sympodialis, and others. These species can be identified using various laboratory methods, including microscopy, culture, and molecular techniques.

Pityriasis rosea is a common, self-limited skin condition characterized by the development of oval or round, scaly, pinkish, inflamed patches on the skin. The initial lesion, known as the "herald patch," often appears before other lesions and measures 2-10 cm in diameter. It usually starts as a single, solitary, scaly, raised patch on the trunk that precedes the generalized eruption by about 1-2 weeks. The rash typically spreads to involve the chest, abdomen, back, arms, and legs, sparing the face, palms, and soles.

The rash is often asymptomatic but can be pruritic (itchy) in some cases. It usually resolves within 6-12 weeks without any treatment, although topical treatments such as corticosteroids or antihistamines may be used to relieve itching. The exact cause of pityriasis rosea is not known, but it is thought to be caused by a viral infection. It is more common in young adults and is more prevalent in the spring and fall seasons.

A generic drug is a medication that contains the same active ingredients as an originally marketed brand-name drug, known as its "innovator" or "reference listed" drug. The active ingredient is the component of the drug that is responsible for its therapeutic effect. Generic drugs are required to have the same quality, strength, purity, and stability as their brand-name counterparts. They must also meet the same rigorous Food and Drug Administration (FDA) standards regarding safety, effectiveness, and manufacturing.

Generic drugs are typically less expensive than their brand-name equivalents because generic manufacturers do not have to repeat the costly clinical trials that were required for the innovator drug. Instead, they demonstrate through bioequivalence studies that their product is therapeutically equivalent to the reference listed drug. This means that the generic drug delivers the same amount of active ingredient into a patient's bloodstream in the same timeframe as the brand-name drug.

In summary, generic drugs are copies of brand-name drugs with the same active ingredients, dosage forms, strengths, routes of administration, and intended uses. They must meet FDA regulations for safety, efficacy, and manufacturing standards, ensuring that they provide patients with the same therapeutic benefits as their brand-name counterparts at a more affordable price.

Pityriasis is a general term used to describe a group of skin conditions characterized by scaling. It includes several specific types, the most common being Pityriasis rosea and Pityriasis simplex capillitii (also known as dandruff).

1. Pityriasis rosea: This is a temporary skin rash that often begins with a single, round, scaly patch on the chest, abdomen, or back. A few days to weeks later, more patches appear. These patches are oval and scaly, and they may be pink, red, or tan. The rash usually lasts about 6-8 weeks.

2. Pityriasis simplex capillitii: This is a very common condition characterized by flaking or scaling of the scalp, which is often referred to as dandruff.

The term "pityriasis" comes from the Greek word "pitýrios," which means "bran."

... acts as a keratolytic and antifungal agent. Selenium disulfide was approved for medical use in the United ... Selenium disulfide acts as an antifungal and keratolytic agent to treat seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff. The systemic ... "ARVO 2021: Investigational Agent Containing Selenium Sulfide Shows Promise for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction". PracticeUpdate. ... Selenium disulfide is sold as an antifungal agent in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis ...
Keratolytic agents (chemicals to remove keratin) such as podophyllin are successful, but carry safety concerns. Other reported ...
It is a keratolytic agent, which reduces the growth rate of skin cells and softens the skin's keratin. Coal tar is produced ... keratolytic agent that inhibits excessive proliferation of epidermal cells by reducing DNA synthesis and mitotic activity to ... "WHO Model Prescribing Information: Drugs Used in Skin Diseases: Keratoplastic and keratolytic agents: Coal tar". apps.who.int. ... 2012). "Chemical Agents and Related Occupations.". Coal-Tar Pitch. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to ...
It acts as a keratolytic agent and also kills bacteria, fungi, scabies mites and other parasites. Chemically, it is the ... Sulfur's keratolytic action is also mediated by H2S; in this case, the hydrogen sulfide is produced by direct interaction with ...
It acts as a keratolytic agent and also kills bacteria, fungi, scabies mites, and other parasites. Precipitated sulfur and ... Sulfur mustard, a potent vesicant, was used in World War I as a disabling agent. Sulfur-sulfur bonds are a structural component ... Sulfur polycations, S82+, S42+ and S162+ are produced when sulfur is reacted with oxidising agents in a strongly acidic ... When silver-based photography was widespread, sodium and ammonium thiosulfate were widely used as "fixing agents". Sulfur is a ...
Other treatments involve Keratolytic agents such as Ammonium lactate (Lac-Hydrin) are used to facilitate the release of ...
With veterinary guidance, localized demodectic mange can also be treated with a topical keratolytic and antibacterial agent, ...
Salicylic acid works as a keratolytic, comedolytic and bacteriostatic agent, causing the cells of the epidermis to shed more ... Topical salicylic acid is common in many over-the-counter dermatological agents and the lack of adverse reports suggests a low ...
Salicylic acid is a keratolytic agent that assists with cell shedding or flaking. The base brand consists of six types ... More specifically, selenium sulfide, an anti-infective agent, relieves itching and flaking of the scalp and removes the dry, ...
They may also be dissolved with keratolytic agents containing salicylic acid, sanded down with a pumice stone or silicon ...
It is often incorrectly thought to be a drying agent; however, this is not true. Salicylic acid works as a keratolytic, ... comedolytic, and bacteriostatic agent, causing the cells of the epidermis to shed more readily, opening clogged pores and ...
... keratolytic agents, topical retinoids This condition is caused by autosomal dominant missense mutations of the GJB2 gene, ...
While cytostatic agents such as zinc pyrithione are first line, keratolytics (salicylic acid and sulfur) can also be used in ... Resorcinol is another keratolytic that is usually combined with sulfur. Urea acts as a keratolytic due to its hygroscopic ... "The Definition of Keratolytic". Elsevier. Retrieved 8 August 2012. Goodless, Dean. "Keratolytic medications for skin scales and ... Keratolytic (/ˌkɛrətoʊˈlɪtɪk/) therapy is a type of medical treatment to remove warts, calluses and other lesions in which the ...
Chemical (keratolytic) or surgical debridement of the affected nail appears to improve outcomes. As of 2014 evidence for laser ... The name T. mentagrophytes is now restricted to the agent of favus skin infection of the mouse; though this fungus may be ... Topical agents include ciclopirox nail paint, amorolfine, and efinaconazole. Some topical treatments need to be applied daily ... Ciclopirox when used with terbinafine appears to be better than either agent alone. Although eficonazole, P-3051 (ciclopirox 8 ...
The fungal infection may be treated with topical antifungal agents, which can take the form of a spray, powder, cream, or gel. ... Keratolytic and humectant medications such as urea, salicyclic acid (Whitfield's ointment), and lactic acid are useful adjunct ... Potassium permanganate is a salt and a strong oxidizing agent. For severe or refractory cases of athlete's foot oral ... medications and improve penetration of antifungal agents into the thickened skin. Topical glucocorticoids are sometimes ...
... blister agents, niacin administration, or waxing and tweezing of the hairs-any of which can cause the capillaries to dilate, ... Erythema nodosum Erythema toxicum Erythema elevatum diutinum Erythema gyratum repens Keratolytic winter erythema Palmar ...
Whitening agents like azelaic acid, arbutin or else may be used to improve hyperpigmentation. Risk factors for the development ... Salicylic acid is a topically applied beta-hydroxy acid that stops bacteria from reproducing and has keratolytic properties. It ... Hassoun LA, Chahal DS, Sivamani RK, Larsen LN (June 2016). "The use of hormonal agents in the treatment of acne". Seminars in ... Brandt S (May 2013). "The clinical effects of zinc as a topical or oral agent on the clinical response and pathophysiologic ...
... keratolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.444.600 - photosensitizing agents MeSH D27.505.954.444.695 - sunscreening agents MeSH ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
It is categorized as a pregnancy category C agent, "suggesting that its use in pregnancy may not be prudent," according to a ... due to its keratolytic, moderate comedolytic, and antibacterial properties, which include the reduction of Cutibacterium acnes ... BP is a pregnancy category C agent, suggesting that its use in pregnancy may not be prudent." Grettler, Corinne (March 24, 2016 ...
Salicylic acid, the treatment of warts by keratolysis, involves the peeling away of dead surface skin cells with keratolytic ... Fluorouracil cream, a chemotherapy agent sometimes used to treat skin cancer, can be used on particularly resistant warts, by ...
It is an important bacteriostatic agent that is commonly used in human and veterinary medicine. Therefore it can accumulate in ... Products containing sulfacetamide and sulfur (a keratolytic) are commonly promoted for the treatment of acne rosacea (rosacea ... "Sulfonamides and Sulfonamide Combinations: Antibacterial Agents: Merck Veterinary Manual". www.merckvetmanual.com. Retrieved ...
Antiparasitic agents, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ... fungicide and keratolytic. Applied to skin, it is slowly reduced to H2S and oxidized to SO2 and pentathionic acid, which ...
Common over-the-counter medications for pimples are benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, adapalene, and antibacterial agents such ... and keratolytic soaps. Historically, antibiotics such as tetracyclines and erythromycin were prescribed. While they were more ...
... is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent. It is an ingredient in processed foods and is ... It finds further use in topical preparations and cosmetics to adjust acidity and for its disinfectant and keratolytic ... Lactic acid is used in some liquid cleaners as a descaling agent for removing hard water deposits such as calcium carbonate, ...
Alkali-induced Allergic Antifungal agent-induced Antimicrobial agent-induced Arsenic dermatitis Artificial nail-induced ... Keratolytic winter erythema (erythrokeratolysis hiemalis, Oudtshoorn disease, Oudtshoorn skin) Keratosis follicularis spinulosa ... Adverse reaction to biologic agents Adverse reaction to cytokines Allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome Anticoagulant-induced ... Eye makeup-induced Fiberglass dermatitis Flower-induced Formaldehyde-induced Formaldehyde-releasing agent-induced Fragrance- ...
Keratolytic agents like TCA and bichloracetic acid (BCA) are extremely powerful keratolytic agents that rapidly penetrate and ... Keratolytic Agents. Class Summary. Antimitotic drugs arrest dividing cells in mitosis, resulting in the death of proliferating ... Keratolytic agents are used to aid in removal of keratin in hyperkeratotic skin disorders, including corns, ichthyoses, common ... This agent is indicated for intralesional treatment of refractory or recurring external condyloma acuminatum and is ...
"Keratolytic Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Keratolytic Agents" was a major or minor topic of these ... "Keratolytic Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Keratolytic Agents" by people in Profiles. ... Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Keratolytic Agents". ...
Keratolytic agents. Class Summary. These agents cause cornified epithelium to swell, soften, macerate, and then desquamate. ... Antiviral agents. Class Summary. Nucleoside analogs initially are phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase to eventually form a ... Podophyllum resin arrests mitosis in the metaphase; the active agent is podophyllotoxin; the type of podophyllum resin used ... Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives are potent cytotoxic agents that inhibit cell mitosis and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Cell ...
Various topical agents that are less likely to be absorbed by the mother may be preferred during breastfeeding, especially ...
Drug class: Keratolytic Agents. ATC class: D01AE12. VA class: DE500. CAS number: 69-72-7 ... Topical keratolytic agent that produces desquamation of the horny layer (stratum corneum) of skin by dissolving the ... Used topically for its keratolytic effect in the removal of common and plantar warts, corns, and calluses. ... Antidiabetic agents (sulfonylureas). Potential for increased hypoglycemic effect because of displacement of sulfonylureas from ...
Selenium disulfide acts as a keratolytic and antifungal agent. Selenium disulfide was approved for medical use in the United ... Selenium disulfide acts as an antifungal and keratolytic agent to treat seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff. The systemic ... "ARVO 2021: Investigational Agent Containing Selenium Sulfide Shows Promise for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction". PracticeUpdate. ... Selenium disulfide is sold as an antifungal agent in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis ...
Organic Compound; Ester; Drug; Food Toxin; Plant Toxin; Anti-Infective Agent; Antifungal Agent; Metabolite; Keratolytic Agent; ... Substances to be avoided include oxidizing agents, strong bases, iodine, fluorine. Combustible. Sensitive to light. OU Chemical ...
Benzoyl peroxide is an antibacterial and keratolytic agent. The structural formula for benzoyl peroxide is represented below:. ... Benzoyl Peroxide: Benzoyl peroxide is an oxidizing agent with bactericidal and keratolytic effects but the precise mechanism of ... 7.2 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.1 Pregnancy 8.2 Lactation 8.4 Pediatric Use 8.5 Geriatric Use ... 7.2 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents. Clindamycin has been shown to have neuromuscular blocking properties that may enhance the ...
Antimitotic agent from plant families Coniferae and Berberidaceae. Interference with microtubular function of the keratinocytes ...
Salicylic acid is in a class of medications called keratolytic agents. Topical salicylic acid treats acne by reducing swelling ...
Keratolytic agents, some over the counter * Anti-inflammatory products, such as topical corticosteroids, have some effect ... Not due to any known agents, although associated with irritant contact dermatitis * One of the most common cutaneous ...
Agents that function in this way are called keratolytic. There are many keratoplastic and keratolytic agents that are ... However, infectious agents like bacteria and yeast are secondary agents to other dermatosis, so in these cases we must identify ... Tar is a keratoplastic (cytostatic) agent. It reduces nuclear synthesis in the epidermal basal layers. It is also antiseptic ... There are many different sources and varieties of this active agent. Tar shampoos are contraindicated in the cat. Benzoyl ...
It is a topical keratolytic agent that works by dissolving the intercellular cement that holds epithelial cells together. In ... The make-up composition comprises at least one oil-soluble film-forming agent and at least one coloring agent in a kit. Such ... Specific cosmetics and quasi drugs include skin and facial cleansing agents, shampoo, makeup odor-suppressing agents/deodorants ... However, the ingredients necessary to suspend the oil control agents are less stable at the acidic pH of the salicylic acid ...
BPO is an antimicrobial agent that has some keratolytic effects and does not contribute to antibiotic resistance. ... Non-ionic surface-acting agents (e.g., silicone and polysorbate) are less likely to cause irritation and are formulated to the ... A wide spectrum of skin cleansing agents exist for acne ranging from lipid free cleansers, syndets and astringents to ...
Allantoin (Source: Comfrey Root): a healing, moisturizing, soothing, anti-irritating, keratolytic and non-toxic agent useful in ... It is used as a binding agent in tablets, as a binding and soothing agent in throat lozenges, and as a film in peel-off facial ... Titanium Dioxide is used as a natural opacifying agent and a colorant. In OTC drug products, it is used as a sunscreen agent. ... In manufacturing medications, algin is used as a binding agent for tablets, as a binding and soothing agent in throat lozenges ...
Coal tar shampoo is a keratolytic agent. These are meant to soften the protein keratin on the skin and allow dead skin cells to ... Keratolytic agents contain sulfur and salicylic acid. The latter is especially important in conventional skin treatment because ... These agents have a number of known side effects, including stinging, cough, fever, skin atrophy, burning, heading, upper ... Topical Agents. Dermatology practitioners often prescribe topical creams, shampoos and gels as medication to treat the symptoms ...
For example keratolytic agents, anti-inflammatory or hormonal treatment. However, they are associated with side effects such as ...
Keratolytic agent. In a situation where callus development is so severe, it is advisable to use a keratolytic agent. It should ... A keratolytic agent is used to dissolve the dry skin and hard skin. Certain individuals have sensitive skin. The unfortunate ... If the condition seems resistant to this procedure, try an oral anti-fungal agent. It is very easy to control Athletes Foot. ...
Cover with creams: use of an emollient or keratolytic agent on callused areas of the palms and soles to moisturize and aid in ... Bullous forms of HFS are more severe and tend to be associated with specific chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin (Platinol-AQ ... The grading system for HFS and HFSR reflects that in-creasing duration of exposure to the chemotherapeutic agent or TKI ... Patients being treated with cytotoxic agents or TKIs that have the potential to induce cutaneous symptoms should be evaluated ...
Your medical professional may pare down the corn in the office using a blade and may prescribe a keratolytic agent (such as ...
Skin and Mucus Membrane Products (Keratolytic Agent). *. Therapeutic Vaccines. *. Vaccines. *. Herpes Zoster/Shingles. ...
Keratolytic Agents Keratoma use Keratosis Keratomas use Keratosis Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ...
AHAs have not been shown to promote angiogenesis and therefore may be a more effective keratolytic agent for rosacea. In ... Topical Medicine-several topical agents can be also be used to treat rosacea. The most commonly used agent is Metrogel ( ... Many topical acne agents include retinoids that may be too irritating to the rosacea skin type and could aggravate the ... Oral Medicine-several agents can be used to treat rosacea. Erythromycin and tetracycline are the main oral antibiotics used. ...
Camp mentions that moisturizers that contain keratolytic agents, ingredients that help break apart dead skin cells and remove ... With one of the major keratolytic agents being lactic acid, this body lotion with 12% lactic acid should help do the trick. And ...
Use of these agents is rapidly evolving; new classes, new agents, and new uses of current agents are certain to be developed. A ... Salicylic acid is a keratolytic that softens scales, facilitates their removal, and increases absorption of other topical ... Immunomodulatory agents (biologics-see Immunotherapeutics Immunotherapeutics Immunotherapeutic agents use or modify immune ... Moderate to severe plaque psoriasis should be treated with topical agents and either phototherapy or systemic agents. ...
Skin and Mucus Membrane Products (Keratolytic Agent). *. Therapeutic Vaccines. *. Vaccines. *. Herpes Zoster/Shingles. ...
Sulfur: It works as a keratolytic (exfoliating) agent and is often used for soothing acne and seborrheic dermatitisi XAn ...
Keratolytic Agents. Registry Number. LCH760E9T7. Related Numbers. 54757-46-9. 55079-83-9. 69427-46-9. CAS Type 1 Name. 2,4,6,8- ...
Keratolytic Agents Keratoma use Keratosis Keratomas use Keratosis Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ...
Keratolytic Agents Keratoma use Keratosis Keratomas use Keratosis Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ...
  • Salicylic acid is in a class of medications called keratolytic agents. (epnet.com)
  • In order to improve the efficacy of topical acne treatments, it is desired to formulate salicylic acid with oil control agents such as sebum regulators, which regulate the number of active glands or oil-absorbing agents that remove excess oil from the skin. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • However, the ingredients necessary to suspend the oil control agents are less stable at the acidic pH of the salicylic acid compositions, and satisfactory suspensions may not be formed. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Verruca removal cryotherapy and salicylic acid cel mai bun agent antiparazitar pentru oameni What is Clavusin? (stmoriz.ro)
  • Salicylic Acid is on the other hand used in shampoos, creams, and ointments mainly for its keratolytic effects - the ingredient causes the epidermis to shed more easily, helping to remove dry and flaky skin [17]. (dandruffdeconstructed.com)
  • Salicylic acid is a keratolytic (peeling agent). (globaldiscountpill.com)
  • Avoid the use of abrasive, harsh, or drying soaps and cleansers such as alcoholic cleansers, tinctures, astringents, abrasives, or other peeling agents while using salicylic acid topical. (drug-information.ru)
  • Because of its anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial nature, salicylic acid is used within skincare to promote exfoliation (keratolytic agent), and to remove bacteria, particles, and sebum. (neutrogena.ca)
  • Many topical acne agents include retinoids that may be too irritating to the rosacea skin type and could aggravate the telangiectasiac component. (dermascope.com)
  • For example keratolytic agents, anti-inflammatory or hormonal treatment. (rossorg.com)
  • Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with nearly all antibacterial agents, including erythromycin, and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. (recallguide.org)
  • Therefore, it is important to consider this diagnosis in patients who present with diarrhea subsequent to the administration of antibacterial agents. (recallguide.org)
  • Treatment with antibacterial agents alters the normal flora of the colon and may permit overgrowth of clostridia. (recallguide.org)
  • Benzoyl peroxide is an antibacterial and keratolytic agent. (recallguide.org)
  • A wide spectrum of skin cleansing agents exist for acne ranging from lipid free cleansers, syndets and astringents to exfoliants and abrasives. (skintherapyletter.com)
  • Selenium disulfide is sold as an antifungal agent in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis associated in the scalp with fungi of genus Malassezia. (wikipedia.org)
  • A 2015 review recommended topical antifungal agents, topical corticosteroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitors like tacrolimus as the main treatments for seborrheic dermatitis based on good-quality evidence, rather than selenium disulfide for which evidence is much more limited. (wikipedia.org)
  • Selenium disulfide acts as an antifungal and keratolytic agent to treat seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pruritic seborrheic conditions include ectoparasites ( Demodex , Notoedres , Cheyletiella , flea related conditions, Sarcoptes ) allergies, infectious agents (staphylococcal pyoderma and Malassezia ) and neoplastic conditions as epitheliotrophic lymphoma that may be present with erythroderma (combination of erythema, pruritus and scaling). (vin.com)
  • Keratolytic agents like TCA and bichloracetic acid (BCA) are extremely powerful keratolytic agents that rapidly penetrate and chemically cauterize skin, keratin, and other tissues. (medscape.com)
  • Superstar ingredient known as a keratolytic agent, helps reduce dead skin buildup of flaking or scaling skin. (mytopicals.com)
  • At Sesderma we formulate using Nanotech technology to provide your skin with the keratolytic, moisturising and emollient agents it needs. (sesderma.com)
  • Selenium disulfide acts as a keratolytic and antifungal agent. (wikipedia.org)
  • Zinc Pyrithione is a gentle, well-tolerated, antifungal agent found in many dandruff shampoos. (dandruffdeconstructed.com)
  • Agents that soften, separate, and cause desquamation of the cornified epithelium or horny layer of skin. (umassmed.edu)
  • Your medical professional may pare down the corn in the office using a blade and may prescribe a keratolytic agent (such as urea cream) to help soften the thickened skin. (skinsight.com)
  • It is established that rosacea clients can have sensitive skin and misled that this hyper-reactive condition could be affected by topical agents such as cleansers and AHAs. (dermascope.com)
  • Dr. Camp mentions that 'moisturizers that contain keratolytic agents, ingredients that help break apart dead skin cells and remove them from the skin, can help prevent ingrown hair formation. (bustle.com)
  • BENEFITS: Keratolytic Agent Skin Rejuvenator Keratolytic. (meskinandbody.com.au)
  • Cracked or dehydrated skin allows chemical peel agents to penetrate further, which can intensify stinging and burning. (skincareloungespa.com)
  • Priming exfoliating agents helps to acclimate skin and ensure that the client receives the best possible result from their peel. (skincareloungespa.com)
  • Keratolytic agents break apart the snap-like bonds (corneodesmosomes) that hold dead skin cells (corneocytes) together, allowing them to shed more easily and therefore improving the skin's texture and overall appearance. (skincareloungespa.com)
  • Widely considered the most versatile group of peeling agents, AHAs (including Lactic Acid, Glycolic Acid, Mandelic Acid and Malic Acid) are water-soluble and can be used at different concentrations for different effects on the skin. (skincareloungespa.com)
  • Although medical treatments have historically been destructive, immunomodulatory agents have now been introduced into practice. (medscape.com)
  • In manufacturing medications, algin is used as a binding agent for tablets, as a binding and soothing agent in throat lozenges, and as a film in peel-off facial masks. (zenmed.com)
  • It was a three-arm trial of 246 people with moderate to severe dandruff and compared treatment with 2% ketoconazole shampoo (n=97), 2.5% selenium disulfide shampoo (n=100), and placebo (shampoo base with no antiseborrheic agent) (n=49) for 29 days. (wikipedia.org)
  • Foot wart bandages Compound W One Step Pads - Product Review tratamentul paraziÈ›ilor Human papilloma virus is paraziÈ›i de fergus, warts on hands painful hpv en hombres primeros sintomas. (stmoriz.ro)
  • Planters Wart Home Remedy toxine foie symptomes Cancer colorectal kras foot warts causes and treatment, virus papiloma en los pies hpv positief behandeling. (stmoriz.ro)
  • Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives are potent cytotoxic agents that inhibit cell mitosis and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). (medscape.com)
  • HFSR from TKIs can appear within the first 2 to 4 weeks of therapy, 2,10 and this occurrence constitutes a variation of HFS distinct from that seen in traditional cytotoxic agents. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • With one of the major keratolytic agents being lactic acid, this body lotion with 12% lactic acid should help do the trick. (bustle.com)
  • Various topical agents that are less likely to be absorbed by the mother may be preferred during breastfeeding, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant. (drugs.com)
  • AHAs have not been shown to promote angiogenesis and therefore may be a more effective keratolytic agent for rosacea. (dermascope.com)
  • This agent is indicated for intralesional treatment of refractory or recurring external condyloma acuminatum and is particularly useful for patients who have not responded satisfactorily to other treatment modalities (eg, podophyllin, surgical excision, laser therapy, or cryotherapy). (medscape.com)
  • Ivermectin Brand name product: Stromectol* Ivermectin is an oral antiparasitic agent approved for the treatment of worm infestations. (cdc.gov)
  • It is a topical keratolytic agent that works by dissolving the intercellular cement that holds epithelial cells together. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
  • Avobenzone: an oil soluble sunscreen agent that works by absorbing UV rays over a wide wavelength, and then converting them to less damaging infrared radiation (heat). (zenmed.com)
  • BPO is an antimicrobial agent that has some keratolytic effects and does not contribute to antibiotic resistance. (skintherapyletter.com)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Keratolytic Agents" by people in this website by year, and whether "Keratolytic Agents" was a major or minor topic of these publications. (umassmed.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Keratolytic Agents" by people in Profiles. (umassmed.edu)
  • Bullous forms of HFS are more severe and tend to be associated with specific chemotherapy agents such as cisplatin (Platinol-AQ), methotrexate (Trexall), and the TKIs. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Peeling agents with a low pH are more acidic and better able to target concerns like pigmentation and wrinkles. (skincareloungespa.com)
  • 4-10 The incidence of HFS observed in clinical trials with agents such as capecitabine (Xeloda) is around 50%, with 17% of patients reporting a severe form (grade 3). (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Clinical studies of this disease in relationship to these acids are reassuring because rosacea can readily accommodate irritating agents. (dermascope.com)
  • Yellow and white beeswax are used as natural thickeners, emulsifiers, and as stiffening agents in cosmetics. (zenmed.com)
  • 1 These are becoming more prevalent with increased use of targeted therapies in addition to traditional chemotherapeutic agents. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Used topically for its keratolytic effect in the removal of common and plantar warts, corns, and calluses. (drugs.com)
  • Allantoin is a valuable cell-proliferating healing agent which stimulates healthy tissue formation. (zenmed.com)
  • Keratolytic Agents" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (umassmed.edu)
  • Selling Kapasitas Per Jam in Indonesia, Distributor Kapasitas Per Jam , Supplier, Dealer, Agent, Importer, We have the most complete database and the lowest price for Kapasitas Per Jam Indonesia. (indotrading.com)