Iatrogenic Disease

Creutzfeldt-Jakob D24

• Duffy P, Wolf J, Collins G, DeVoe AB, Streeten B, Cowen D. Letter: possible person-to-person transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (medscape.com)
• Brown P, Brandel J-P, Preece M, Sato T. Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: the waning of an era. (medscape.com)
• Brown P. Human growth hormone therapy and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a drama in three acts. (medscape.com)
• Lower risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in pituitary growth hormone recipients initiating treatment after 1977. (medscape.com)
• Annual incidence of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) caused by ingestion of meat products contaminated with bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent (A) and iatrogenic CJD caused by contaminated dura mater (B) and cadaveric human growth hormone (C), 1982-2011. (nih.gov)
• 1. Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, Final Assessment, Paul Brown et al. (cdc.gov)
• The book on iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans is almost closed. (cdc.gov)
• The Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) Foundation, Inc. was created in 1993 by two families who lost relatives to CJD and the neurologist who treated the patients. (nih.gov)
• Recommendations to Reduce the Possible Risk of Transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease by Blood and Blood Components. (nih.gov)
• Zerr I. Laboratory Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease . (nih.gov)
• Factors influencing the incubation of an infectious form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (nih.gov)
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a form of brain damage that leads to a rapid decrease in movement and loss of mental function. (nih.gov)
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, rapidly worsening brain disorder that causes unique changes in brain tissue and affects muscle coordination thinking, and memory. (nih.gov)
• Who is more likely to get Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease? (nih.gov)
• The PrP gene encodes the putative causative agent of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a heterogeneous group of fatal, neurodegenerative disorders including human Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, bovine spongiform encephalopathy, ovine scrapie and chronic wasting disease (CWD) of North American deer and elk. (microbiologyresearch.org)
• Homozygosity for Met at the corresponding polymorphic site (Met to Val) in humans (human codon 129) predisposes exposed individuals to some forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (microbiologyresearch.org)
• Genetic predisposition to iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. (microbiologyresearch.org)
• Predisposition of prion protein homozygotes to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease can be explained by a nucleation-dependent polymerization mechanism. (microbiologyresearch.org)
• Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most common human prion disease. (msdmanuals.com)
• Prominent types of prion diseases include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), the prototypic example (usually. (msdmanuals.com)
• By the time symptoms of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) are typically discovered, death is looming and inevitable. (neurosciencenews.com)
• Treatment with human pituitary-derived growth hormone (hGH) was responsible for a significant proportion of iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (iCJD) cases. (biomedcentral.com)
• The commonest of these is the sporadic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), which has a worldwide distribution at a remarkably consistent incidence of 1-2 cases per million population per annum. (biomedcentral.com)
• The acquired forms of human prion disease include kuru, iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (iCJD) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Humans1

• The infection that causes the disease in cows is thought to be the same one that causes vCJD in humans. (nih.gov)

Bovine spongiform enc3

• A type of CJD called variant CJD (or vCJD) can be acquired by eating meat from cattle affected by a disease similar to CJD called bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or "mad cow" disease). (nih.gov)
• vCJD occurs after ingestion of beef from cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), also called mad cow disease. (msdmanuals.com)
• Rare cases involve persons eating meat from cattle affected by a disease similar to CJD called bovine spongiform encephalopathy or "mad cow disease. (neurosciencenews.com)

Cerebral amyloid an2

• The Aβ deposition in the grey matter was typical of that seen in Alzheimer's disease and Aβ in the blood vessel walls was characteristic of cerebral amyloid angiopathy 3 and did not co-localize with prion protein deposition. (nature.com)
• The marked deposition of parenchymal and vascular Aβ in these relatively young patients with iCJD, in contrast with other prion disease patients and population controls, is consistent with iatrogenic transmission of Aβ pathology in addition to CJD and suggests that healthy exposed individuals may also be at risk of iatrogenic Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (nature.com)

Prions1

• This misfolded protein (commonly referred to as PrP Sc ) is considered to be the major, if not the only, component of the transmissible agents or prions that are responsible for these diseases [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

ICJD2

• Although such treatment ceased in 1985, iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) continues to emerge because of the prolonged incubation periods seen in human prion infections. (nature.com)
• Since 2008, most UK patients with prion disease have been recruited into the National Prion Monitoring Cohort study 5 , including 22 of 24 recent patients with iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) related to treatment with c-hGH over this period, all of whom necessarily have very long incubation periods. (nature.com)

Alzheimer's4

• None of these patients had pathogenic mutations, APOE ε4 or other high-risk alleles 4 associated with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. (nature.com)
• Some symptoms of CJD can be similar to symptoms of other progressive (continuing to worsen) neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease. (nih.gov)
• However, these symptoms tend to worsen faster in CJD than in Alzheimer's disease or most other types of dementia. (nih.gov)
• The researchers plan to further evaluate its utility in eye tests, and expand to evaluate the eyes of patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease or dementia with Lewy bodies to determine whether aggregated proteins from those conditions are present. (neurosciencenews.com)

Genetic1

• Human prion diseases occur in sporadic, genetic and acquired forms. (biomedcentral.com)

Complications2

• People may receive blood transfusions to treat iatrogenic anemia, which carries risks for complications like transfusion reactions and circulatory overload. (wikipedia.org)
• The incidence of iatrogenic complications was 22.9% among 423 cases admitted over a 1-year period. (who.int)

Incidence1

• The aim of this prospective follow-up study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic illness and the outcome among cases admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit in a teaching hospital in Libya. (who.int)

Clinical1

• While endogenous Cushing syndrome is a rare disease, iatrogenic (drug-related or exogenous) Cushing syndrome from glucocorticoid products is commonly seen in clinical practice. (medscape.com)

Neurodegenerative3

• Risk of Transmissibility from Neurodegenerative Disease-Associated Proteins: Experimental Knowns and Unknowns J Neuropathol Exp Neurol . (nih.gov)
• These findings should also prompt investigation of whether other known iatrogenic routes of prion transmission may also be relevant to Aβ and other proteopathic seeds associated with neurodegenerative and other human diseases. (nature.com)
• Prion diseases (otherwise known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies) are a group of transmissible neurodegenerative disorders that occur naturally in man and a range of other mammalian species, including scrapie in sheep and goats, and chronic wasting disease in deer and elk. (biomedcentral.com)

Malignancy1

• Hematologic malignancy with active disease at the time of transplant. (nih.gov)

Dura2

• As of 2012, a total of 450 cases of iatrogenic CJD have been recognized worldwide after treatment with c-hGH or gonadotropin (226 cases), transplantation of dura mater (228) or cornea (2), and neurosurgery (4) or electroencephalography recording using invasive medical devices (2) 2 . (nature.com)
• Acquired CJD-Rarely, the disease is transmitted by exposure to brain or nervous system tissue, usually through certain medical procedures such as surgical grafts of dura mater (a tissue that covers the brain), transplanted corneas, and implantation of inadequately sterilized electrodes in the brain. (nih.gov)

Centers for Diseas1

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (cdc.gov)

Infectious Diseases3

• This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. (cdc.gov)
• The articles of interest summarized below will appear in the June 2012 issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases, CDC's monthly peer-reviewed public health journal. (cdc.gov)
• Homeopathic prevention for past infectious diseases, such as cholera and influenza, are in the public record and have been proven highly effective. (homeopathy.com)

Mortality4

• People who develop iatrogenic anemia spend a longer amount of time in the hospital and have an increased risk of mortality. (wikipedia.org)
• Paediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) score was a good predictor of risk of iatrogenic illness. (who.int)
• Both mortality and occurrence of iatrogenic illness were significantly associated with: higher PRISM score, use of mechanical ventilation, higher bed occupancy rate in the unit, presence of respiratory and neurological diseases, prolonged duration of stay in the intensive care unit and younger age of the child. (who.int)
• Although suicide remains an important cause of mortality for this population, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. (jabfm.org)

Epidemiology2

• Archivos de Bronconeumologia is a scientific journal that preferentially publishes prospective original research articles whose content is based upon results dealing with several aspects of respiratory diseases such as epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinics, surgery, and basic investigation. (archbronconeumol.org)
• The epidemiology and iatrogenic transmission of hepatitis C virus in Egypt: a Bayesian coalescent approach. (ox.ac.uk)

Patients9

• In a retrospective case series, 41 patients developed severe liver disease after prolonged administration of vitamin A originally recommended for the treatment of medically benign conditions, mostly dermatologic. (nih.gov)
• Examination of a series of 116 patients with other prion diseases from a prospective observational cohort study 5 showed minimal or no Aβ pathology in cases of similar age range, or a decade older, without APOE ε4 risk alleles. (nature.com)
• RÉSUMÉ La présente étude prospective de suivi visait à déterminer l'incidence et les facteurs de risque des maladies iatrogènes ainsi que leur évolution chez des patients admis en unité de soins intensifs pédiatriques d'un hôpital universitaire en Libye. (who.int)
• [1] Common to many sexual disorders, Peyronie disease can understandably cause significant distress to patients. (nih.gov)
• In 2002, the National Heart Lung and Blood institute labeled diabetes a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk equivalent, indicating patients with diabetes have a risk of CVD events equal to that of people with known CVD. (jabfm.org)
• But, in a new study, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine with colleagues at the National Institutes of Health and UC San Francisco, report finding tell-tale evidence of the condition's infectious agent in the eyes of deceased sCJD patients, making the eye a potential source for both early CJD detection and prevention of disease transmission. (neurosciencenews.com)
• Almost half of sCJD patients develop visual disturbances, and we know that the disease can be unknowingly transmitted through corneal graft transplantation," said Sigurdson. (neurosciencenews.com)
• Stimulant products generally should not be used in patients with known structural cardiac abnormalities, cardiomyopathy, serious heart rhythm abnormalities, coronary artery disease, or other serious heart problems. (nih.gov)
• When do patients with Parkinson disease disclose their diagnosis? (neurology.org)

Risk9

• No new sources of disease have been identified, and current practices, which combine improved recognition of potentially infected persons with new disinfection methods for fragile surgical instruments and biological products, should continue to minimize the risk for iatrogenic disease until a blood screening test for the detection of preclinical infection is validated for human use. (cdc.gov)
• Although the final solution to the problem of iatrogenic CJD is still not available (a laboratory test to identify potential donors who harbor the infectious agent), certain other measures have worked well: applying special sterilization of penetrating surgical instruments, reducing the infectious potential of donor blood and tissue, and excluding donors known to have higher than normal risk for CJD. (cdc.gov)
• Iatrogenic anemia is of particular concern in intensive care medicine,: 629 because people who are critically ill require frequent blood tests and have a higher risk of developing anemia due to lower hemoglobin levels and impaired production of red blood cells (erythropoesis) at baseline. (wikipedia.org)
• There is no evidence that caregivers, healthcare workers, and those who prepare bodies for funerals and cremation have an increased risk of prion disease when compared to the general population. (nih.gov)
• Serious Mental Illness: A Cardiovascular Disease Risk Equivalent? (jabfm.org)
• Our findings have implications for both estimating the risk of sCJD transmission and for development of diagnostic tests for prion diseases before symptoms become apparent. (neurosciencenews.com)
• However, the long-term HRT increases the risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease are attracting concerns. (biomedcentral.com)
• NA-AION is a multifactorial disease, with many risk factors collectively contributing to its development. (ijo.in)
• Potent antihypertensive drugs, when used aggressively and/or given at bedtime, are emerging as an important risk factor for nocturnal hypotension, and there is some evidence that NA-AION may be occurring as an iatrogenic disease in some individuals. (ijo.in)

Incubation2

• Human transmission of prion disease has occurred as a result of a range of medical and surgical procedures worldwide as well as by endocannibalism in Papua New Guinea, with incubation periods that can exceed five decades 12 , 13 . (nature.com)
• These properties include the disease incubation period and neuropathological phenotype, particularly the distribution and severity of spongiform change in the brain. (biomedcentral.com)

Diagnosis1

• The conventional medical diagnosis of the "autoimmune disease" was never denied or taken lightly. (hpathy.com)

Intravenous1

• Other factors that contribute to iatrogenic anemia include bleeding from medical procedures and dilution of the blood by intravenous fluids. (wikipedia.org)

VCJD1

• Acquired CJD includes variant CJD (vCJD), the form related to mad cow disease. (nih.gov)

Nosocomial1

• Iatrogenic anemia, also known as nosocomial anemia or hospital-acquired anemia, is a condition in which a person develops anemia due to medical interventions, most frequently repeated blood draws. (wikipedia.org)

Distinguish1

• More invasive diagnostic procedures such as rhinoscopy, retroflex nasopharyngoscopy, nasal lavage, and nasal biopsy should be performed after imaging, because iatrogenic changes may be hard to distinguish from primary disease. (merckvetmanual.com)

Include2

• The underlying cause of interstitial lung disease may include factors such as toxic environmental or occupational exposure, cigarette smoking , and radiation . (wikidoc.org)
• The determinants of regurgitant volume and disease severity include: regurgitant orifice size, pressure differences between LV and LA, and time from onset of contraction to opening of the aortic valve. (vin.com)

Transfusion1

• Iatrogenic CJD is sometimes passed through a blood product transfusion, transplant, or contaminated surgical instruments. (nih.gov)

SCJD2

• age at onset is usually earlier than that in sCJD, and disease duration can be longer on average. (msdmanuals.com)
• The clinicopathological phenotype of human prion diseases is variable, particularly in sCJD. (biomedcentral.com)

Complication2

• Many people who receive HCT develop a debilitating complication called chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). (nih.gov)
• Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is crucial to the treatment of biliopancreatic diseases with iatrogenic perforation as a potential complication. (mdpi.com)

Fewer1

• Fewer than 200 people worldwide have had this disease. (nih.gov)

Transmissible2

• Research in this laboratory focuses on the molecular basis of disease in transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) or prion diseases. (nih.gov)
• CJD belongs to a family of human and animal diseases known as the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) or prion diseases. (nih.gov)

Disorders3

• These endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been linked to various diseases, including reproductive disorders, metabolic diseases, and developmental abnormalities, among others. (nih.gov)
• Interstitial lung disease is a group of disorders involving pulmonary parenchyma . (wikidoc.org)
• Overview of Prion Diseases Prion diseases are progressive, fatal, and untreatable degenerative brain disorders. (msdmanuals.com)

Adverse1

• Disease is a dynamic process in which the force animating the living organism attempts to adapt to adverse forces, influences, or conditions of life. (homeopathy.ca)

Pathophysiology2

• Review the pathophysiology of Peyronie disease. (nih.gov)
• A basic understanding of the penile anatomy is required to appreciate the etiology and pathophysiology of Peyronie disease. (nih.gov)

Infection2

• The conversion of the normally soluble and protease-sensitive host prion protein, PrPC, to an insoluble and partially protease-resistant form, PrPSc, is a key event in prion pathogenesis, and PrPC is required for prion infection and disease to occur. (nih.gov)
• Based on the blood work, they raised the suspicion of a urinary tract infection and ordered "massive antibiotic treatment" to cover a broad spectrum of diseases ad hoc. (hpathy.com)

Autoimmune disease1

• The treatment at the time consisted of cortisone pulse therapy and a single dose of Endoxane (cyclophosphamide pulse therapy), a cytostatic form of chemotherapy designed "to minimize the white blood cells so that they can no longer act against the kidney", because the doctors treating her had decided it was an autoimmune disease. (hpathy.com)

Symptoms1

• Homeopathic medicine uses minute amounts of substances that are similar to the symptoms of the disease. (homeopathy.com)

Deaths4

• Dr. Besser, in 2003, now refers to tens of millions of unnecessary antibiotics.2,2a The number of unnecessary medical and surgical procedures performed annually is 7.5 million.3 The number of people exposed to unnecessary hospitalization annually is 8.9 million.4 The total number of iatrogenic deaths shown in the following table is 783,936. (doctoryourself.com)
• Our projected statistic of 7.8 million iatrogenic deaths is more than all the casualties from wars that America has fought in its entire history. (doctoryourself.com)
• We have added, cumulatively, figures from 13 references of annual iatrogenic deaths. (doctoryourself.com)
• Some excess disease and deaths result from poor access to and use of quality health care. (jabfm.org)

Coronary disease1

• Ventricular hypertrophy is of the eccentric type (dilated chamber), and microscopic coronary disease can lead to focal areas of ischemia and fibrosis. (vin.com)

Medical9

• Medical overkill : diseases of medical progress / Ralph C. Greene. (who.int)
• Indeed, through the use of medications as well as medical equipment and devices, healthcare providers are unknowing mediators of exposure to EDCs, chemicals that might not only promote disease but that may also antagonize the efficacy of treatments. (nih.gov)
• What they exposed was the poorly kept secret that American medicine has grown so invasive, so violent and radical that if it were listed in the Center for Disease Control's annual report on Leading Causes of Death, American medical treatment would rank number one, ahead of cancer and heart disease. (thereader.com)
• Note: Medical errors are but a subset of iatrogenic disease. (thereader.com)
• Those medical protocols for chronic, systemic and non-emergency diseases are wherein lie the greatest risks. (thereader.com)
• Any medical procedure that is invasive and not necessary must be considered as part of the larger iatrogenic picture. (doctoryourself.com)
• Recovery of health cannot be expected with very rare exceptions for sufferers of chronic diseases in the current medical model. (homeopathy.ca)
• Describe medical options to treat Peyronie disease. (nih.gov)
• In acquired CJD, the disease is transmitted by exposure to the brain or nervous system tissue, usually through certain medical procedures, such as corneal grafts. (neurosciencenews.com)

Substances1

• For instance, people viewing substances are generally most interested in viewing diseases that these substances have shown to have positive influences. (greenmedinfo.com)

Occurs1

• This iatrogenic anemia often occurs alongside the anemia caused by kidney disease. (wikipedia.org)

Focuses1

• This article will focuses on iatrogenic, or drug-related, Cushing syndrome. (medscape.com)

Transmission3

• A well-recognized iatrogenic route of transmission was by treatment of persons of short stature with preparations of human growth hormone, extracted from large pools of cadaver-sourced pituitary glands, some of which were inadvertently prion-contaminated. (nature.com)
• The findings could lead to new diagnostics for the disease and help prevent transmission. (neurosciencenews.com)
• And they said they hoped the findings would spur greater efforts to develop corneal grafting techniques, such as biosynthetic corneas, to eliminate iatrogenic disease transmission. (neurosciencenews.com)

Doctors1

• Doctors call these iatrogenic cases. (nih.gov)

20191

• 20 however, as of 2019, there is insufficient evidence regarding the effects of point-of-care testing on iatrogenic anemia. (wikipedia.org)