Hippocratic Oath
Medical practice: defendants and prisoners. (1/27)
It is argued in this paper that a doctor cannot serve two masters. The work of the prison medical officer is examined and it is shown that his dual allegiance to the state and to those individuals who are under his care results in activities which largely favour the former. The World Health Organisation prescribes a system of health ethics which indicates, in qualitative terms, the responsibility of each state for health provisions. In contrast, the World Medical Association acts as both promulgator and guardian of a code of medical ethics which determines the responsibilities of the doctor to his patient. In the historical sense medical practitioners have always emphasized the sanctity of the relationship with their patients and the doctor's role as an expert witness is shown to have centered around this bond. The development of medical services in prisons has focused more on the partnership between doctor and institution. Imprisonment in itself could be seen as prejudicial to health as are disciplinary methods which are more obviously detrimental. The involvement of medical practitioners in such procedures is discussed in the light of their role as the prisoner's personal physician. (+info)Advocacy and community: the social roles of physicians in the last 1000 years. Part I. (2/27)
Over the last 1000 years, the practice of medicine in the Western world has been shaped by extraordinary transformations -- in the organizational structures of healthcare delivery, the changing concepts of disease and illness, and the ethical and social issues posed to a growing and diversified profession. Some critical aspects that characterize contemporary Western medicine -- as professionally defined, highly organized and regulated, and scientifically and technologically based -- have emerged only within the last 200 years. For most of its history, medicine was practiced without these distinctions -- but precursors to many current tensions can be traced back to Hippocratic times. In the last millennium, medicine developed in tandem with emerging political ideologies and social structures, and the roles of physicians evolved to respond to the needs of individual patients, the profession, and society at large. As medicine became increasingly effective, it was harnessed into the political objectives of promoting social cohesion and productivity. Professional regulation and social mechanisms for the equitable distribution of healthcare became significant considerations for the profession and society. In this brief 3-part history, we will trace the major organizational, conceptual, and political changes that, together, by the year 2000, created a profession with responsibilities of advocacy for individual patients in concert with attention to the needs and demands of all the individuals in the larger community. (+info)The history of confidentiality in medicine: the physician-patient relationship. (3/27)
The author of this article reviews the history of the confidentiality of medical information relating to patients from its roots in the Hippocratic Oath to the current codes of medical ethics. There has been an important shift in the basis for the demand for confidentiality, from a physician-based commitment to a professional ideal that will improve the physician-patient relationship and thus the physician's therapeutic effectiveness, and replace it with a patientbased right arising from individual autonomy instead of a Hippocratic paternalistic privilege. (+info)Confidentiality of medical information: a study of Albertan family physicians. (4/27)
The author of this paper examines physicians' regard for the confidentiality of medical information in the light of their perception of their own role. Five case studies of increasing complexity of medical management and ethical issues, derived from practice and accompanied by questions relating to confidentiality and medical management, were submitted to randomly selected family physicians in Alberta. Analysis of the replies to determine attitudes to confidentiality and how the respondents perceived patients' best interests, and statements of how they would act in certain situations, disclosed that a substantial minority of the physicians were still prepared to breach confidentiality and exercise Hippocratic professional judgement in certain situations. The bases of confidentiality of medical information are reviewed, together with changing modes of medical ethics and the increasing trend to rights derived from patients, autonomy, and the ways in which these factors may affect the physician-patient relationship. (+info)White coat ceremonies: a second opinion. (5/27)
A "white coat" ceremony functions as a rite of passage for students entering medical school. This comment provides a second option in response to the earlier, more enthusiastic, discussion of the ceremony by Raanan Gillon. While these ceremonies may serve important sociological functions, they raise three serious problems: whether the professional oath or "affirmation of professional commitment" taken in this setting has any legitimacy, how a sponsor of such a ceremony would know which oath or affirmation to administer, and what the moral implications of this "bonding process" are. I argue that the initiation oath is morally meaningless if students are not aware of its content in advance, that different students ought to commit to different oaths, and that bonding of students to the medical profession necessarily separates them from identification with lay people who will be their patients. (+info)'Aid-in-dying' and the taking of human life. (6/27)
In several US states, the legalisation of euthanasia has become a question for voters to decide in public referenda. This democratic approach in politics is consistent with notions of personal autonomy in medicine, but the right of choice does not mean all choices are morally equal. A presumption against the taking of human life is embedded in the formative moral traditions of society; human life does not have absolute value, but we do and should impose a strict burden of justification for exceptions to the presumption, as exemplified by the moral criteria invoked to justify self-defence, capital punishment, or just war. These criteria can illuminate whether another exception should be carved out for doctor-assisted suicide or active euthanasia. It does not seem, in the United States at any rate, that all possible alternatives to affirm the control and dignity of the dying patient and to relieve pain and suffering, short of taking life, have been exhausted. Moreover, the procedural safeguards built into many proposals for legalised euthanasia would likely be undone by the sorry state of the US health care system, with its lack of universal access to care, chronic cost-containment ills, a litigious climate, and socioeconomic barriers to care. There remains, however, common ground in the quest for humane care of the dying. (+info)The Secret Kappa Lambda Society of Hippocrates (and the Origin of the American Medical Association's Principles of Medical Ethics). (7/27)
This paper relates the neglected history of an idealistic, secret medical fraternity which existed briefly in Lexington, Kentucky, during the first half of the 19th century. It was created for students in the Medical Department at Transylvania University, the fifth US medical school, founded in 1799. One goal of the fraternity was to counter the widespread dissension and often violent quarrels among doctors that characterized American medicine of that period. And to that end, it was among the first to promote Thomas Percival's code of medical ethics in this country. Branches of the fraternity were established in Philadelphia and New York City, where members became influential in local medical politics but in time encountered hostility from rival physicians. The secret character of the fraternity branches was publicized and maligned during an anti-Masonic movement in this country in the 1830s, which soon led to the demise of the Philadelphia group. The New York branch remained active through the 1860s. Members of both branches were among those who in 1847 established the American Medical Association and devised its Principles of Medical Ethics. (+info)Knowledge, attitudes and practice of healthcare ethics and law among doctors and nurses in Barbados. (8/27)
BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices among healthcare professionals in Barbados in relation to healthcare ethics and law in an attempt to assist in guiding their professional conduct and aid in curriculum development. METHODS: A self-administered structured questionnaire about knowledge of healthcare ethics, law and the role of an Ethics Committee in the healthcare system was devised, tested and distributed to all levels of staff at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Barbados (a tertiary care teaching hospital) during April and May 2003. RESULTS: The paper analyses 159 responses from doctors and nurses comprising junior doctors, consultants, staff nurses and sisters-in-charge. The frequency with which the respondents encountered ethical or legal problems varied widely from 'daily' to 'yearly'. 52% of senior medical staff and 20% of senior nursing staff knew little of the law pertinent to their work. 11% of the doctors did not know the contents of the Hippocratic Oath whilst a quarter of nurses did not know the Nurses Code. Nuremberg Code and Helsinki Code were known only to a few individuals. 29% of doctors and 37% of nurses had no knowledge of an existing hospital ethics committee. Physicians had a stronger opinion than nurses regarding practice of ethics such as adherence to patients' wishes, confidentiality, paternalism, consent for procedures and treating violent/non-compliant patients (p = 0.01) CONCLUSION: The study highlights the need to identify professionals in the workforce who appear to be indifferent to ethical and legal issues, to devise means to sensitize them to these issues and appropriately training them. (+info)The Hippocratic Oath is not a medical definition, but rather a historical and ethical code for physicians. It is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians swearing to practice medicine honestly and honorably, and to follow specific professional standards. The oath is named after Hippocrates, who is often referred to as the "Father of Medicine." While the original oath has been modified over time, its fundamental principles remain relevant to medical ethics today, including the commitment to respect patient autonomy, maintain confidentiality, and prioritize the well-being of the patient above all else.
A Code of Ethics is a set of principles and guidelines that outline appropriate behavior and conduct for individuals within a particular profession or organization. In the medical field, Codes of Ethics are designed to uphold the values of respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice, which are fundamental to the practice of ethical medicine.
The Code of Ethics for medical professionals may include guidelines on issues such as patient confidentiality, informed consent, conflicts of interest, and professional competence. These codes serve as a framework for decision-making and help to ensure that healthcare providers maintain high standards of conduct and behavior in their interactions with patients, colleagues, and the broader community.
The American Medical Association (AMA) and other medical organizations have developed Codes of Ethics that provide specific guidance for medical professionals on ethical issues that may arise in the course of their work. These codes are regularly reviewed and updated to reflect changes in medical practice and societal values.
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Harm7
- The oath restricts them from doing any harm or giving a lethal injection. (healthwashing.com)
- I acknowledge the past and present failures of medicine to abide by its obligation to do no harm and affirm the need to address systemic issues in the institutions I uphold," read the oath, before it then stressed a political view of fighting against perceived societal harms. (capitalhillnews.com)
- The so-called Hippocratic injunction to do no harm has been an axiom central to clinical pharmacology and to the education of medical and graduate students. (nih.gov)
- They must honor their Hippocratic oath to 1st do no harm. (blogs.com)
- The Oath continues: 'And I will use treatments for the benefit of the ill in accordance with my ability and my judgment, but from what is to their harm and injustice I will keep them. (blogs.com)
- I believe part of the Hippocratic oath is to do no harm. (blogspot.com)
- When most people think of ethics (or morals), they think of rules for distinguishing between right and wrong, such as the Golden Rule ("Do unto others as you would have them do unto you"), a code of professional conduct like the Hippocratic Oath ("First of all, do no harm"), a religious creed like the Ten Commandments ("Thou Shalt not kill. (nih.gov)
Hippocrates3
- Although it is traditionally attributed to the Greek doctor Hippocrates and it is usually included in the Hippocratic Corpus, some modern scholars do not regard it as having been written by Hippocrates himself. (wikipedia.org)
- The earliest version we have of the Hippocratic Oath dates to about 150 or 200 years after Hippocrates died, and no schools use that one," says Steven Scheinman, MD, former dean at Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine in Pennsylvania and author of a 2018 study that analyzed oath content. (medscape.com)
- The Hippocratic Oath, with contemporary annotations, from: Hippocrates Omnia Opera (Complete Works), Venice: In aedibus Aldi, & Andreae Asulani soceri, mense Maii 1526. (nih.gov)
Practice5
- So long as I maintain this Oath faithfully and without corruption, may it be granted to me to partake of life fully and the practice of my art, gaining the respect of all men for all time. (nih.gov)
- Although its relevance is questioned today, the Hippocratic Oath is the most enduring tradition in the practice of medicine. (hli.org)
- Can an oath written a millennium ago continue to have any relevance to the practice of medicine today? (acpinternist.org)
- But as the practice of medicine has evolved over the two millennia since the oath was created, the ancient text feels less and less applicable to today's medical students. (medscape.com)
- When doctors receive their degree of practice, they are required to take the Hippocratic Oath. (healthwashing.com)
20221
- Previously, Rufo shared a clip in Oct. 2022 featuring a similar and arguably more extreme oath delivered at the University of Minnesota, commenting, "They are being inducted in the cult of CRT. (capitalhillnews.com)
Recite4
- Nearly all doctors recite the original Hippocratic Oath or an alternative version of it in medical school. (medscape.com)
- At the University of Pittsburgh Medical School, students recite a version of the Hippocratic Oath at white coat and graduation ceremonies, agreeing to "exercise my art solely for the cure of my patients" and "[hold] myself far aloof from wrong, corruption, and the tempting of others to vice. (medscape.com)
- Eventually, after several iterations, the oath is printed on reminder cards for the students to carry in their badge caddies and recite at the pinning ceremony before students embark on their clerkships. (medscape.com)
- The 140 members of the Class of 2025 were welcomed into the profession of medicine at August's White Coat Ceremony with the usual traditions but with one twist: The class decided to write and recite a new class oath that updated the Hippocratic Oath usually recited each year," Columbus Medicine Magazine reported. (capitalhillnews.com)
Class oath2
- But, beginning with the class of 2024, students are taking the lead in penning a unique class oath. (medscape.com)
- Creating the class oath drives home the extent of physicians' evolving responsibilities, says Chenits Pettigrew Jr, EdD, associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion at the university. (medscape.com)
19671
- The Hippocratic Oath included prohibition against "cutting for stone" ( Edelstein 1967 ). (nih.gov)
Physician3
- So swears the physician reciting the classical Oath. (hli.org)
- The ethical strictures, quite different from the first paragraph (the oath of allegiance), were unknown to early readers and show affinities with the purity requirements of late Hellenistic cults: the strictures thus may be a late addition portraying the ideal physician. (duke.edu)
- The ancient Hippocratic Oath specified a duty from a physician to avoid harming the patient, but that oath, highly honored today, was not even subscribed to by a majority of doctors at the time. (nih.gov)
Greek3
- The original oath was written in Ionic Greek, between the fifth and third centuries BC. (wikipedia.org)
- The Hippocratic Oath ( Ορκος ) is perhaps the most widely known of Greek medical texts. (nih.gov)
- In 400 B.C. the Greek doctor Hippocratis of Cos, regarded as the father of medicine, wrote the Hippocratic Oath. (hli.org)
Louis Lasagna1
- In the United States, Dr. Louis Lasagna rewrote the oath in 1964. (hli.org)
Principles3
- The oath is the earliest expression of medical ethics in the Western world, establishing several principles of medical ethics which remain of paramount significance today. (wikipedia.org)
- The question of relevancy to modern times is itself irrelevant since the Hippocratic Oath outlines basic moral principles, i.e., objective moral truths, which are not subject to change according to what is deemed acceptable or intolerable today or tomorrow. (hli.org)
- Plato's Cave: The Covid-19 mass vaccination program violated all principles of Science and the Hippocratic Oath. (platoscave.org)
Medicine12
- In fact, the creation of the Oath may have marked the early stages of medical training to those outside the first families of Hippocratic medicine, the Asclepiads of Kos, by requiring strict loyalty. (nih.gov)
- and that by the set rules, lectures, and every other mode of instruction, I will impart a knowledge of the art to my own sons, and those of my teachers, and to students bound by this contract and having sworn this Oath to the law of medicine, but to no others. (nih.gov)
- If there were a Hippocratic oath for those aiming to communicate about science and medicine, might we pledge to choose words carefully and back them up with good data? (bmj.com)
- The Hippocratic Oath is supposedly outdated and does not take into account advances in medicine and technology, which are able to provide painless death. (hli.org)
- Over the next several issues, I would like to explore a new version of the oath written for modern medicine and the relevance it brings to present day professional responsibilities, duties and challenges. (acpinternist.org)
- However, in an era of rapid change in medicine, we believe it is time to update the Oath with modest but meaningful additions so that it optimally reflects 21st century health care. (nih.gov)
- Instead of swearing by Apollo, medical school administrators, including those at Columbia , Yale , Washington University , and Mount Sinai's Icahn School of Medicine , are putting a contemporary spin on oaths, updating the language, and adding relevant context, often with input from the student body. (medscape.com)
- Specifically, the oath calls on students to honor their physical, mental, and emotional health, advocate for a more equitable healthcare system, and champion diversity in medicine and society. (medscape.com)
- With an abundance of progressive vocabulary commonly utilized by the left, the new oath raises questions about the boundary between medicine and political ideologies. (capitalhillnews.com)
- A user who shared the clip on social media offered his own reaction to the oath, asking, "When did medicine start sounding like a cult? (capitalhillnews.com)
- University of Minnesota medical students swear an oath to 'honor all Indigenous ways of healing that have been historically marginalized by Western medicine' and to fight 'white supremacy, colonialism, [and] the gender binary. (capitalhillnews.com)
- Make a persuasive statement regarding how non-discrimination is congruent with the modern Hippocratic oath in medicine. (essayquoll.com)
Professional conduct1
- He must have taken the Hypocrisy Oath, for only that would explain why he would think deleting a message about starving children is a professional conduct. (tghat.com)
Profession4
- Contrary to popular belief, the Hippocratic Oath is not required by most modern medical schools, although some have adopted modern versions that suit many in the profession in the 21st century. (nih.gov)
- Since Saturday's class had 4 hours on Indian philosophy for my students, I decided to end Friday night's lecture with oath from the western tradition that can hopefully serve as a guiding light through their profession. (spirapoweryoga.com)
- The many hats he wears have taken him around the world and back to his beloved Kentucky, all in service to the Hippocratic Oath and his chosen profession of forensic pathology. (uky.edu)
- Dentsu Aegis Network general counsel Simon Zinger has launched a global initiative to encourage legal and compliance leaders to commit to an oath to drive positive changes across the profession, their organisations and society. (globallegalpost.com)
Ethical1
- The ' General Counsel Oath ' is inspired by the Hippocratic Oath and is designed to build on existing professional and ethical rules by focusing on personal behaviours that support social justice and other progressive issues. (globallegalpost.com)
Relevancy1
- We offer modest suggestions to help prompt discussion and contemplation about the current Oath and its relevancy to our changing times. (nih.gov)
Swear1
- I swear by Apollo Healer, by Asclepius, by Hygieia, by Panacea, and by all the gods and goddesses, making them my witnesses, that I will carry out, according to my ability and judgment, this oath and this indenture. (wikipedia.org)
Cite1
- Cite this: Is the Hippocratic Oath Still Relevant? (medscape.com)
Modern3
- Demands to discontinue the Hippocratic Oath have unsurprisingly intensified because its original meaning is plainly incompatible with increasingly common modern medical practices. (hli.org)
- And without a national oath standard - neither the American Medical Association nor the American Association of Medical Colleges has an official oath requirement or position on adapting the Hippocratic Oath - many medical schools have already adopted a more modern pledge. (medscape.com)
- Tito Onyekweli, a third-year Pitt med student involved in the writing process, says the traditional Hippocratic Oath is timeless, but modern oaths also have a place. (medscape.com)
Ethics1
- The Hippocratic Oath is an oath of ethics historically taken by physicians. (wikipedia.org)
Circa1
- The oldest partial fragments of the oath date to circa AD 275. (wikipedia.org)
Version1
- The 2025 Columbia Medical School class decided to modify the Hippocratic Oath administered at the August White Coat Ceremony, with the new version pledging to "acknowledge and embrace the diversity that exists within all communities. (capitalhillnews.com)
Commitment2
- 4. Dr. Rini's conscience and peace of mind will be greatly affected with her commitment as a doctor based on the Hippocratic Oath if she decides not to help. (123helpme.com)
- Zinger said: "My goal is to raise awareness about the Oath so that general counsel and other legal and compliance leaders, no matter where they are in the world, commit to the oath and translate that commitment into action. (globallegalpost.com)
Inclusion2
- For example, under the leadership, diversity and inclusion pillar, the oath calls on GCs to be alert to acts of prejudice, discrimination, exclusion or micro-aggression - whether intentional or unintentional - that are directed towards their team or others in their organisation, and to speak out against such behaviours and encourage their team to do the same. (globallegalpost.com)
- Zinger hopes the oath will create a common global standard that encourages GCs and other legal and compliance professionals to go beyond offering legal and compliance expertise and become leaders and role-models on issues related to diversity, equality, inclusion, pro bono work and other actions and education related to anti-racism. (globallegalpost.com)
Regulations1
- HIPAA and the Hippocratic Oath are not the same set of regulations. (sophos.com)
Relevance1
- Unsurprisingly, objections concerning the relevance of the Oath have coincided with efforts to legalize assisted suicide in other states. (hli.org)
Meaningful1
- Although this approach sometimes encounters backlash , such as concerns about free speech, school leaders say it's worthwhile to turn oath-taking into a more meaningful and personalized experience. (medscape.com)
Relevant4
- Is the Hippocratic Oath Still Relevant? (medscape.com)
- Thus, the question becomes: is the Hippocratic Oath still relevant? (medscape.com)
- Rather, we propose new text that bodies such as the World Medical Association might consider integrating into an updated Oath, just as previous changes were adopted to ensure the Oath remains relevant and impactful for all physicians and their patients. (nih.gov)
- Our new oath represents our values and what is most relevant to our generation of medical students. (medscape.com)
Time2
- The oath, written 2400 years ago in and for a simpler time, appears silent on these issues. (medscape.com)
- The Hippocratic Oath is violated every time a vaccine is given yet they still continue with this primitive ritual. (blogs.com)
Doctors1
- Lawyers representing plaintiffs in medical negligence cases often ask doctors about their having taken the Hippocratic Oath. (tuckerellis.com)
Original1
- However, the original Oath has been rewritten to accommodate efforts to legalize and normalize euthanasia, assisted suicide, and abortion, which are explicitly prohibited in the original Oath. (hli.org)
Write1
- Similarly, incoming students at the University of Minnesota Medical School (UoM) collaborate with peers and faculty to write oaths for commencement and white coat ceremonies. (medscape.com)
Back1
- It's sort of back to the Hippocratic oath. (heart.org)
Students2
- In the weeks before orientation, incoming first-year students meet virtually to discuss the key elements their oath should contain, develop a word cloud, and select writers to compose the draft. (medscape.com)
- According to the user who shared the above Twitter video, students were the ones who demanded the modifications seen in the new oath. (capitalhillnews.com)
Highly1
- Nevertheless, it is as clear as crystal that the procedure infringes the Hippocratic Oath and is highly controversial. (healthwashing.com)
Fact1
- Little did the professor know that many of these professionals were not pleased by his actions, in fact many were shocked by his blatant disregard for human lives or betrayal of his oath. (tghat.com)
Medical school2
- The Columbia Medical School has altered its hippocratic oath to include pledges of fealty to Neo-Marxist and woke ideology. (capitalhillnews.com)
- Rufo pointed out that the man reciting the oath is Dr. Robert Englander, who serves as the Associate Dean for Undergraduate Education at the University of Minnesota Medical School. (capitalhillnews.com)
Duty1
- The concept that an oath can give rise to a duty, in and of itself, is not the problem. (tuckerellis.com)
Tradition1
- The Hippocratic Oath is a long-standing tradition. (medscape.com)
Unique1
- Rather, the majority (about 53%) wrote a unique oath yearly or used one exclusive to the school, whereas just 9% of MD-granting schools recited customized commencement oaths in 1982 and about 25% in 2000. (medscape.com)
Create1
- Going forward, Each class will create their own oath. (capitalhillnews.com)