Giant Cells, Foreign-Body
Granuloma, Foreign-Body
Biocompatible Materials
Silicones
Prostheses and Implants
Absorbable Implants
Implants, Experimental
Polyethylene Terephthalates
Materials Testing
Tissue Engineering
Macrophages
Foreign-Body Migration
Mice that lack the angiogenesis inhibitor, thrombospondin 2, mount an altered foreign body reaction characterized by increased vascularity. (1/314)
Disruption of the thrombospondin 2 gene (Thbs2) in mice results in a complex phenotype characterized chiefly by abnormalities in fibroblasts, connective tissues, and blood vessels. Consideration of this phenotype suggested to us that the foreign body reaction (FBR) might be altered in thrombospondin 2 (TSP2)-null mice. To investigate the participation of TSP2 in the FBR, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and oxidized PDMS (ox-PDMS) disks were implanted in TSP2-null and control mice. Growth of TSP2-null and control skin fibroblasts in vitro also was evaluated on both types of disks. Normal fibroblasts grew as a monolayer on both surfaces, but attachment of the cells to ox-PDMS was weak and sensitive to movement. TSP2-null fibroblasts grew as aggregates on both surfaces, and their attachment was further compromised on ox-PDMS. After a 4-week implantation period, both types of PDMS elicited a similar FBR with a collagenous capsule in both TSP2-null and control mice. However, strikingly, the collagenous capsule that formed in TSP2-null mice was highly vascularized and thicker than that formed in normal mice. In addition, abnormally shaped collagen fibers were observed in capsules from mutant mice. These observations indicate that the presence or absence of an extracellular matrix component, TSP2, can influence the nature of the FBR, in particular its vascularity. The expression of TSP2 therefore could represent a molecular target for local inhibitory measures when vascularization of the tissue surrounding an implanted device is desired. (+info)Disruption of filamentous actin inhibits human macrophage fusion. (2/314)
The foreign body reaction to implanted biomaterials, characterized by the presence of macrophages and foreign body giant cells (FBGC), can result in structural and functional failure of the implant. Recently, we have shown that interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 can independently induce human macrophage fusion to form FBGC via a macrophage mannose receptor (MR) -mediated pathway. The MR is believed to mediate both endocytosis of glycoproteins and phagocytosis of microorganisms, which bear terminal mannose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine, or glucose residues. Polarization of microfilaments to closely apposed macrophage membranes as observed with fluorescence confocal microscopy led us to ask whether MR-mediated fusion occurred via a filamentous actin-dependent pathway. Cytochalasins B and D and latrunculin-A, agents that disrupt microfilaments, inhibited macrophage fusion in a concentration-dependent manner. The concentrations of cytochalasins D and B that inhibited fusion did not significantly decrease macrophage adhesion, spreading, or motility but did inhibit internalization of Candida albicans during interleukin-13-enhanced, MR-mediated phagocytosis. Very low concentrations of cytochalasin B (< 2 microM) induced a slight enhancement of macrophage fusion. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that cytokine-induced, MR-mediated macrophage fusion requires an intact F-actin cytoskeleton and that the mechanism of fusion is similar to phagocytosis.--DeFife, K. M., Jenney, C. R., Colton, E., Anderson, J. M. Disruption of filamentous actin inhibits human macrophage fusion. (+info)Characterization of the importance of polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin of Staphylococcus epidermidis in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-based infection in a mouse foreign body infection model. (3/314)
The production of biofilm is thought to be crucial in the pathogenesis of prosthetic-device infections caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. An experimental animal model was used to assess the importance of biofilm production, which is mediated by polysaccharide intercellular adhesin/hemagglutinin (PIA/HA), in the pathogenesis of a biomaterial-based infection. Mice were inoculated along the length of a subcutaneously implanted intravenous catheter with either wild-type S. epidermidis 1457 or its isogenic PIA/HA-negative mutant. The wild-type strain was significantly more likely to cause a subcutaneous abscess than the mutant strain (P < 0.01) and was significantly less likely to be eradicated from the inoculation site by host defense (P < 0.05). In addition, the wild-type strain was found to adhere to the implanted catheters more abundantly than the PIA/HA-negative mutant (P < 0.05). The reliability of the adherence assay was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. To exclude contamination or spontaneous infection, bacterial strains recovered from the experimental animals were compared to inoculation strains by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. In vitro binding of the wild-type strain and its isogenic mutant to a fibronectin-coated surface was similar. These results confirm the importance of biofilm production, mediated by PIA/HA, in the pathogenesis of S. epidermidis experimental foreign body infection. (+info)Plastic migration from implanted central venous access devices. (4/314)
BACKGROUND: This is the first reported study of histologically confirmed migration from intravenous access devices in children. METHODS: The capsules from around intravenous access devices were examined by light microscopy to determine the extent of the foreign body response; energy dispersive x ray analysis was performed to document the elemental content of the foreign material. RESULTS: A fibroconnective tissue capsule was found around all the samples. Elemental silicon was found in six of 13 tissue samples, and a foreign body giant cell reaction was seen in three of these. CONCLUSIONS: The pseudocapsule that surrounds an implanted vascular access device often has residual foreign material, including silicone. (+info)Symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst coexisting with central diabetes insipidus and hypophysitis: case report. (5/314)
We describe a 48-year-old female with acute onset of central diabetes insipidus followed by mild anterior pituitary dysfunction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed enlargement of the hypophysis-infundibulum accompanied by a cystic component. She underwent a transsphenoidal exploration of the sella turcica. Histological examination showed foreign body type xanthogranulomatous inflammation in the neurohypophysis which might have been caused by rupture of a Rathke's cleft cyst. The MRI abnormalities and anterior pituitary dysfunction improved after a short course of corticosteroid administration, but the diabetes insipidus persisted. The histological findings in this case indicated the site of RCC rupture and the direction of the progression of RCC induced neurohypophysitis and adenohypophysitis. (+info)Efficacy of trisacryl gelatin microspheres versus polyvinyl alcohol particles in the preoperative embolization of meningiomas. (6/314)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Trisacryl gelatin microspheres are a new, commercially available nonabsorbable embolic agent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate their efficacy in the preoperative embolization of meningiomas as compared with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles of various sizes. METHODS: In 30 consecutive patients, trisacryl gelatin microspheres (150-300 microm) were used for the preoperative superselective embolization of meningiomas (group 1). Thirty other consecutive patients had embolization with PVA particles of 45 to 150 microm (n = 15, group 2) and of 150 to 250 microm (n = 15, group 3). Extent of devascularization, intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, and hemostasis at the time of surgery were recorded for every patient. The inflammatory reaction, the extent of necrotic areas, and the most distal intravascular location of the embolic agent (arterial, arteriolar, precapillary, capillary) were recorded. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the extent of angiographic devascularization among the groups. Intraoperative blood loss differed significantly between groups 1 and 2 and groups 1 and 3, but not between groups 2 and 3. The trisacryl gelatin microspheres were located more distally in tumor vessels than were the PVA particles of either size. The extent of intratumoral necrosis was not significantly different between the two embolic agents. In all groups there was a mild inflammatory tissue reaction in the vicinity of the embolic agent. CONCLUSION: Trisacryl gelatin microspheres may be effective in the preoperative embolization of meningiomas, producing significantly less blood loss at surgery than seen with PVA particles of either size, possibly because of the significantly more distal vascular penetration of the microspheres. (+info)MR characteristics of muslin-induced optic neuropathy: report of two cases and review of the literature. (7/314)
Muslin-induced optic neuropathy is a rarely reported but important cause of delayed visual loss after repair of intracranial aneurysms. Most of the previously reported cases were published before the introduction of MR imaging. We describe the clinical features and MR appearance of two cases of delayed visual loss due to "muslinoma," and compare them with the 21 cases reported in the literature. (+info)Interferon-gamma protects against biomaterial-associated Staphylococcus epidermidis infection in mice. (8/314)
Survival of Staphylococcus epidermidis inside macrophages has been recognized as a pivotal process in the pathogenesis of biomaterial-associated infection (BAI). Interferon (IFN)-gamma is a potent activator of macrophages. This study examined whether subcutaneous injections of IFN-gamma can reverse macrophage deactivation induced by implanted biomaterials. Mice received subcutaneous implants combined with an injection of 106 S. epidermidis to induce an experimental BAI. Subsequently, 3 groups of mice received subcutaneous injections of 25,000 IU IFN-gamma 3 times weekly, 10,000 IU IFN-gamma 3 times in 2 weeks, or saline 3 times weekly (saline control), respectively. A fourth group received no injections (control). Segments and tissues of the IFN-gamma-treated mice were significantly less (P<.05) culture positive than those of the control groups. Histologically, the high numbers of intracellularly persisting gram-positive cocci observed in the control mice were absent in the IFN-gamma-treated mice. These data indicate that IFN-gamma protects against experimental BAI. (+info)A foreign-body reaction is an immune response that occurs when a non-native substance, or "foreign body," is introduced into the human body. This can include things like splinters, surgical implants, or even injected medications. The immune system recognizes these substances as foreign and mounts a response to try to eliminate them.
The initial response to a foreign body is often an acute inflammatory reaction, characterized by the release of chemical mediators that cause vasodilation, increased blood flow, and the migration of white blood cells to the site. This can result in symptoms such as redness, swelling, warmth, and pain.
If the foreign body is not eliminated, a chronic inflammatory response may develop, which can lead to the formation of granulation tissue, fibrosis, and encapsulation of the foreign body. In some cases, this reaction can cause significant tissue damage or impede proper healing.
It's worth noting that not all foreign bodies necessarily elicit a strong immune response. The nature and size of the foreign body, as well as its location in the body, can all influence the severity of the reaction.
"Foreign bodies" refer to any object or substance that is not normally present in a particular location within the body. These can range from relatively harmless items such as splinters or pieces of food in the skin or gastrointestinal tract, to more serious objects like bullets or sharp instruments that can cause significant damage and infection.
Foreign bodies can enter the body through various routes, including ingestion, inhalation, injection, or penetrating trauma. The location of the foreign body will determine the potential for harm and the necessary treatment. Some foreign bodies may pass through the body without causing harm, while others may require medical intervention such as removal or surgical extraction.
It is important to seek medical attention if a foreign body is suspected, as untreated foreign bodies can lead to complications such as infection, inflammation, and tissue damage.
Giant cells, foreign-body, are a type of large multinucleated immune cell that forms in response to the presence of a foreign material or object in the body. These cells are formed when several individual immune cells, such as macrophages, fuse together around the foreign material in an attempt to engulf and destroy it. The resulting giant cell is characterized by its large size and the presence of multiple nuclei. Foreign-body giant cells are commonly seen in chronic inflammatory reactions to materials such as surgical implants, sutures, or other types of foreign bodies that cannot be eliminated by the immune system.
A granuloma is a type of organized immune response that occurs when the body encounters a foreign substance that it cannot eliminate. A "foreign-body" granuloma specifically refers to this reaction in response to an exogenous material, such as a splinter, suture, or other types of medical implants.
Foreign-body granulomas are characterized by the formation of a collection of immune cells, including macrophages and lymphocytes, which surround and attempt to isolate the foreign material. Over time, this collection of immune cells can become walled off and form a well-circumscribed mass or nodule.
Foreign-body granulomas may cause localized symptoms such as pain, swelling, or inflammation, depending on their location and size. In some cases, they may also lead to complications such as infection or tissue damage. Treatment typically involves removing the foreign body, if possible, followed by anti-inflammatory therapy to manage any residual symptoms or complications.
Biocompatible materials are non-toxic and non-reacting substances that can be used in medical devices, tissue engineering, and drug delivery systems without causing harm or adverse reactions to living tissues or organs. These materials are designed to mimic the properties of natural tissues and are able to integrate with biological systems without being rejected by the body's immune system.
Biocompatible materials can be made from a variety of substances, including metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. The specific properties of these materials, such as their mechanical strength, flexibility, and biodegradability, are carefully selected to meet the requirements of their intended medical application.
Examples of biocompatible materials include titanium used in dental implants and joint replacements, polyethylene used in artificial hips, and hydrogels used in contact lenses and drug delivery systems. The use of biocompatible materials has revolutionized modern medicine by enabling the development of advanced medical technologies that can improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
Silicones are not a medical term, but they are commonly used in the medical field, particularly in medical devices and healthcare products. Silicones are synthetic polymers made up of repeating units of siloxane, which is a chain of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms. They can exist in various forms such as oils, gels, rubbers, and resins.
In the medical context, silicones are often used for their unique properties, including:
1. Biocompatibility - Silicones have a low risk of causing an adverse reaction when they come into contact with living tissue.
2. Inertness - They do not react chemically with other substances, making them suitable for use in medical devices that need to remain stable over time.
3. Temperature resistance - Silicones can maintain their flexibility and elasticity even under extreme temperature conditions.
4. Gas permeability - Some silicone materials allow gases like oxygen and water vapor to pass through, which is useful in applications where maintaining a moist environment is essential.
5. Durability - Silicones have excellent resistance to aging, weathering, and environmental factors, ensuring long-lasting performance.
Examples of medical applications for silicones include:
1. Breast implants
2. Contact lenses
3. Catheters
4. Artificial joints and tendons
5. Bandages and wound dressings
6. Drug delivery systems
7. Medical adhesives
8. Infant care products (nipples, pacifiers)
Foreign bodies in the eye refer to any object or particle that is not normally present in the eye and becomes lodged in it. These foreign bodies can range from small particles like sand or dust to larger objects such as metal shavings or glass. They can cause irritation, pain, redness, watering, and even vision loss if they are not removed promptly and properly.
The symptoms of an eye foreign body may include:
* A feeling that something is in the eye
* Pain or discomfort in the eye
* Redness or inflammation of the eye
* Watering or tearing of the eye
* Sensitivity to light
* Blurred vision or difficulty seeing
If you suspect that you have a foreign body in your eye, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. An eye care professional can examine your eye and determine the best course of treatment to remove the foreign body and prevent any further damage to your eye.
Acellular dermis is a type of processed connective tissue graft used in surgical procedures, particularly in reconstructive surgery. It is derived from human or animal skin, but has had the epidermis and cells of the dermis removed, leaving behind the intact extracellular matrix (ECM). This ECM includes proteins such as collagen and elastin, which provide structural support, and growth factors, which can help to stimulate tissue regeneration.
The acellular nature of the graft means that it is less likely to be rejected by the recipient's immune system, making it a useful option for patients who may not be good candidates for autografts (tissue transplanted from another part of their own body) or allografts (tissue transplanted from another person). Acellular dermis can be used to repair and rebuild damaged skin, as well as to augment soft tissue in areas such as the face and breast.
There are several different brands and types of acellular dermis available, each with its own specific composition and indications for use. Some common examples include AlloDerm, FlexHD, and Integra Dermal Regeneration Template. The choice of graft may depend on factors such as the size and location of the defect being treated, as well as the patient's individual needs and medical history.
Prostheses: Artificial substitutes or replacements for missing body parts, such as limbs, eyes, or teeth. They are designed to restore the function, appearance, or mobility of the lost part. Prosthetic devices can be categorized into several types, including:
1. External prostheses: Devices that are attached to the outside of the body, like artificial arms, legs, hands, and feet. These may be further classified into:
a. Cosmetic or aesthetic prostheses: Primarily designed to improve the appearance of the affected area.
b. Functional prostheses: Designed to help restore the functionality and mobility of the lost limb.
2. Internal prostheses: Implanted artificial parts that replace missing internal organs, bones, or tissues, such as heart valves, hip joints, or intraocular lenses.
Implants: Medical devices or substances that are intentionally placed inside the body to replace or support a missing or damaged biological structure, deliver medication, monitor physiological functions, or enhance bodily functions. Examples of implants include:
1. Orthopedic implants: Devices used to replace or reinforce damaged bones, joints, or cartilage, such as knee or hip replacements.
2. Cardiovascular implants: Devices that help support or regulate heart function, like pacemakers, defibrillators, and artificial heart valves.
3. Dental implants: Artificial tooth roots that are placed into the jawbone to support dental prostheses, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures.
4. Neurological implants: Devices used to stimulate nerves, brain structures, or spinal cord tissues to treat various neurological conditions, like deep brain stimulators for Parkinson's disease or cochlear implants for hearing loss.
5. Ophthalmic implants: Artificial lenses that are placed inside the eye to replace a damaged or removed natural lens, such as intraocular lenses used in cataract surgery.
Absorbable implants are medical devices that are designed to be placed inside the body during a surgical procedure, where they provide support, stabilization, or other functions, and then gradually break down and are absorbed by the body over time. These implants are typically made from materials such as polymers, proteins, or ceramics that have been engineered to degrade at a controlled rate, allowing them to be resorbed and eliminated from the body without the need for a second surgical procedure to remove them.
Absorbable implants are often used in orthopedic, dental, and plastic surgery applications, where they can help promote healing and support tissue regeneration. For example, absorbable screws or pins may be used to stabilize fractured bones during the healing process, after which they will gradually dissolve and be absorbed by the body. Similarly, absorbable membranes may be used in dental surgery to help guide the growth of new bone and gum tissue around an implant, and then be resorbed over time.
It's important to note that while absorbable implants offer several advantages over non-absorbable materials, such as reduced risk of infection and improved patient comfort, they may also have some limitations. For example, the mechanical properties of absorbable materials may not be as strong as those of non-absorbable materials, which could affect their performance in certain applications. Additionally, the degradation products of absorbable implants may cause local inflammation or other adverse reactions in some patients. As with any medical device, the use of absorbable implants should be carefully considered and discussed with a qualified healthcare professional.
Experimental implants refer to medical devices that are not yet approved by regulatory authorities for general use in medical practice. These are typically being tested in clinical trials to evaluate their safety and efficacy. The purpose of experimental implants is to determine whether they can be used as a viable treatment option for various medical conditions. They may include, but are not limited to, devices such as artificial joints, heart valves, or spinal cord stimulators that are still in the developmental or testing stage. Participation in clinical trials involving experimental implants is voluntary and usually requires informed consent from the patient.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Polyethylene Terephthalates" is not a medical term. It is a type of polymer used in the manufacturing of various products, such as plastic bottles and textile fibers. Medically, you might encounter the abbreviation "PET" or "PET scan," which stands for "Positron Emission Tomography." A PET scan is a type of medical imaging that provides detailed pictures of the body's interior. If you have any medical terms you would like defined, I'd be happy to help!
I'm happy to help! However, I must clarify that "materials testing" is not a medical term per se. It is a term used in various fields, including engineering and materials science, to describe the process of subjecting materials to different tests to evaluate their properties and performance under various conditions.
In the context of medical devices or implants, materials testing may refer to the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of materials used in their construction. These tests can include assessments of strength, durability, biocompatibility, and other factors that are critical to ensuring the safety and efficacy of medical devices.
Medical device manufacturers must comply with regulatory standards for materials testing to ensure that their products meet specific requirements for performance, safety, and quality. These standards may vary depending on the type of device, its intended use, and the country or region in which it will be marketed and sold.
Tissue engineering is a branch of biomedical engineering that combines the principles of engineering, materials science, and biological sciences to develop functional substitutes for damaged or diseased tissues and organs. It involves the creation of living, three-dimensional structures that can restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. This is typically accomplished through the use of cells, scaffolds (biodegradable matrices), and biologically active molecules. The goal of tissue engineering is to develop biological substitutes that can ultimately restore normal function and structure in damaged tissues or organs.
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that occurs after tissue injury, aiming to restore the integrity and functionality of the damaged tissue. It involves a series of overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling.
1. Hemostasis: This initial phase begins immediately after injury and involves the activation of the coagulation cascade to form a clot, which stabilizes the wound and prevents excessive blood loss.
2. Inflammation: Activated inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, infiltrate the wound site to eliminate pathogens, remove debris, and release growth factors that promote healing. This phase typically lasts for 2-5 days post-injury.
3. Proliferation: In this phase, various cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes, proliferate and migrate to the wound site to synthesize extracellular matrix (ECM) components, form new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and re-epithelialize the wounded area. This phase can last up to several weeks depending on the size and severity of the wound.
4. Remodeling: The final phase of wound healing involves the maturation and realignment of collagen fibers, leading to the restoration of tensile strength in the healed tissue. This process can continue for months to years after injury, although the tissue may never fully regain its original structure and function.
It is important to note that wound healing can be compromised by several factors, including age, nutrition, comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, vascular disease), and infection, which can result in delayed healing or non-healing chronic wounds.
Penetrating eye injuries are a type of ocular trauma where a foreign object or substance pierces the outer layers of the eye and damages the internal structures. This can result in serious harm to various parts of the eye, such as the cornea, iris, lens, or retina, and may potentially cause vision loss or blindness if not promptly treated.
The severity of a penetrating eye injury depends on several factors, including the type and size of the object that caused the injury, the location of the wound, and the extent of damage to the internal structures. Common causes of penetrating eye injuries include sharp objects, such as metal shards or glass fragments, projectiles, such as pellets or bullets, and explosive materials.
Symptoms of a penetrating eye injury may include pain, redness, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, floaters, or the presence of a foreign body in the eye. If you suspect that you have sustained a penetrating eye injury, it is essential to seek immediate medical attention from an ophthalmologist or other healthcare professional with experience in treating eye trauma.
Treatment for penetrating eye injuries may include removing any foreign objects or substances from the eye, repairing damaged tissues, and administering medications to prevent infection and reduce inflammation. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair the injury and restore vision. Preventing eye injuries is crucial, and appropriate protective eyewear should be worn when engaging in activities that pose a risk of eye trauma.
Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that are an essential part of the immune system. They are large, specialized cells that engulf and destroy foreign substances, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi, as well as damaged or dead cells. Macrophages are found throughout the body, including in the bloodstream, lymph nodes, spleen, liver, lungs, and connective tissues. They play a critical role in inflammation, immune response, and tissue repair and remodeling.
Macrophages originate from monocytes, which are a type of white blood cell produced in the bone marrow. When monocytes enter the tissues, they differentiate into macrophages, which have a larger size and more specialized functions than monocytes. Macrophages can change their shape and move through tissues to reach sites of infection or injury. They also produce cytokines, chemokines, and other signaling molecules that help coordinate the immune response and recruit other immune cells to the site of infection or injury.
Macrophages have a variety of surface receptors that allow them to recognize and respond to different types of foreign substances and signals from other cells. They can engulf and digest foreign particles, bacteria, and viruses through a process called phagocytosis. Macrophages also play a role in presenting antigens to T cells, which are another type of immune cell that helps coordinate the immune response.
Overall, macrophages are crucial for maintaining tissue homeostasis, defending against infection, and promoting wound healing and tissue repair. Dysregulation of macrophage function has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions.
Foreign-body migration is a medical condition that occurs when a foreign object, such as a surgical implant, tissue graft, or trauma-induced fragment, moves from its original position within the body to a different location. This displacement can cause various complications and symptoms depending on the type of foreign body, the location it migrated to, and the individual's specific physiological response.
Foreign-body migration may result from insufficient fixation or anchoring of the object during implantation, inadequate wound healing, infection, or an inflammatory reaction. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, or infection at the new location, as well as potential damage to surrounding tissues and organs. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to locate the foreign body, followed by a surgical procedure to remove it and address any resulting complications.
Penetrating wounds are a type of traumatic injury that occurs when an object pierces through the skin and underlying tissues, creating a hole or cavity in the body. These wounds can vary in severity, depending on the size and shape of the object, as well as the location and depth of the wound.
Penetrating wounds are typically caused by sharp objects such as knives, bullets, or glass. They can damage internal organs, blood vessels, nerves, and bones, leading to serious complications such as bleeding, infection, organ failure, and even death if not treated promptly and properly.
The management of penetrating wounds involves a thorough assessment of the wound and surrounding tissues, as well as the identification and treatment of any associated injuries or complications. This may include wound cleaning and closure, antibiotics to prevent infection, pain management, and surgery to repair damaged structures. In some cases, hospitalization and close monitoring may be necessary to ensure proper healing and recovery.
Foreign body reaction
Tissue engineering of heart valves
Foreign-body giant cell
Drug-eluting implant
Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials
Foreign body
Fiddler's neck
Ochronosis
Interstitial cystitis
Restylane
Gossypiboma
Collagen loss
Octacalcium phosphate
List of periodontal diseases
Shwartzman phenomenon
Hyaluronic acid
Lipid pneumonia
Glass-ceramic
Piercing migration
Loose connective tissue
Surface chemistry of neural implants
Copper IUD
Hormonal intrauterine device
Intrauterine device
Stridor
Endophthalmitis
Isotope effect on lipid peroxidation
Immunogenetics
Polylactic acid
Myospherulosis
Foreign body reaction - Wikipedia
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Allergic reactions8
- Retained foreign bodies due to surgical procedures may cause postoperative complications such as allergic reactions. (iasp-pain.org)
- The following allergens can trigger allergic reactions when inhaled by sensitized individuals. (medicinenet.com)
- Foods and medications can also cause allergic reactions, some of which can be severe. (medicinenet.com)
- People also commonly have allergic reactions to medications and insect stings. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Ask if the person has a history of allergic reactions. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Eosinophils which moderate allergic reactions. (differencebetween.net)
- I also thought they moderate allergic reactions because they produce histamines, not eosinophils. (differencebetween.net)
- and histamine is involved in allergic reactions. (msdmanuals.com)
Polymerase chain re1
- Although some cytopathological signs typical for viropathic effects were observed, no human papilloma virus-DNA was detected within the lesions by polymerase chain reaction. (cdlib.org)
Adverse drug reac1
- Vomiting may be brought on by neurological issues, adverse drug reactions, or motion sickness. (petmd.com)
Substances7
- These cells have the capacity to distinguish "self" substances from such "nonself" substances as microorganisms and foreign tissue cells. (britannica.com)
- Substances that provoke an immune reaction are recognized by the presence of certain molecules, called antigens , on their surface. (britannica.com)
- An allergy is an exaggerated reaction by the immune system in response to exposure to certain foreign substances. (medicinenet.com)
- The response is exaggerated because these foreign substances are normally seen as harmless by the immune system in nonallergic individuals and do not cause a response in them. (medicinenet.com)
- In allergic asthma, the attacks occur when substances known as allergens are inhaled, causing an allergic reaction. (medlineplus.gov)
- Whenever bacteria, viruses and other foreign substances enter the body, our immune systems react by deploying white blood cells and chemical substances to protect us. (yahoo.com)
- When mast cells are stimulated by various allergens (substances that cause an allergic reaction), they release histamine. (msdmanuals.com)
Allergens3
- Allergens may be inhaled, ingested (eaten or swallowed), applied to the skin, or injected into the body either as medication or inadvertently by an insect sting. (medicinenet.com)
- When allergens are swallowed or injected, they may travel to other parts of the body and provoke symptoms that are remote from their point of entry. (medicinenet.com)
- The most severe reactions often occur when allergens are injected into the body and gain direct access to the bloodstream. (medicinenet.com)
Inflammatory4
- Although any medication can cause an allergic reaction , common examples include antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents, such as aspirin and ibuprofen . (medicinenet.com)
- In its reaction to an allergen, the body produces large amounts of histamine - a signaling molecule that can trigger an inflammatory response. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Although the intensity of the reaction is usually mild to moderate, it tends to persist for months without proper anti-inflammatory medications. (springer.com)
- Little is known about the tissue reactions to various implant materials which coincide with an inflammatory reaction. (lu.se)
Symptoms4
- Due to chronic symptoms, the patient was tested for metal allergies and diagnosed with hypersensitivity reactions to nickel surgical clips that were previously inserted during cholecystectomy. (iasp-pain.org)
- Subsequently, the patient had surgical removal of the foreign bodies, which led to significant improvement of her symptoms immediately. (iasp-pain.org)
- This case demonstrates a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to a foreign body involving multiple body systems and vague symptoms making the diagnosis challenging. (iasp-pain.org)
- These reactions often start with localized tingling or itching and then may lead to a rash or additional symptoms, such as swelling, nausea , vomiting , diarrhea , or difficulty breathing . (medicinenet.com)
Fibrosis1
- Fibrosis and foreign-body reaction may influence the feasibility. (bvsalud.org)
Proteins3
- The composition and conformation of adsorbed proteins on the implant surface is critical to the foreign body reaction. (wikipedia.org)
- Professor Marianne Nissen Lund from the department of food science, who headed the study, said: "Our result demonstrates that the reaction between polyphenols and proteins also happens in some of the coffee drinks with milk that we studied. (yahoo.com)
- The body contains many different proteins, which control the reaction the body has to a foreign material. (purdue.edu)
Body's1
- Immunosuppressant drugs weaken your immune system to reduce your body's reaction to the foreign organ. (healthline.com)
Histamine1
- Histamine is a chemical in the body that is stored in mast cells. (msdmanuals.com)
Tissue4
- A foreign body reaction (FBR) is a typical tissue response to a foreign body within biological tissue. (wikipedia.org)
- Is the foreign body likely to be a piece of dislodged bone or tissue? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
- This immune reaction leads to rejection, the greatest problem in successful tissue and organ grafting. (britannica.com)
- The "Field of the Invention" section of the specification states: This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus that allows for stimulation of body tissue, particularly sacral nerves. (justia.com)
Systemic4
- This intravenous access carries the increased risk of a systemic reaction, such as anaphylaxis . (medicinenet.com)
- Solicited systemic adverse reactions were most common in the vaccine group than the placebo group and after dose 2 compared to dose 1. (cdc.gov)
- The most common solicited systemic adverse reactions after any dose were irritability/crying and fatigue for participants 6-36 months and 37 months-5 years, respectively. (cdc.gov)
- The majority of systemic events were mild or moderate in severity, but there was a higher occurrence of grade 3 or higher reactions in the vaccine group. (cdc.gov)
Infections2
- [1] Acne -like lesions and cysts may form at the site due to foreign body reactions, and infections may also occur due to poor hygiene. (wikipedia.org)
- Trauma, foreign-body reactions, infections, and endocrine dysfunction have all been proposed as precipitating factors. (ispub.com)
Insect3
- The most common triggers for these reactions are medications, foods, and insect stings. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Venom from insect stings or spider bites and medicines such as penicillin are common causes of this reaction. (healthwise.net)
- Venom immunotherapy may be an option to protect against insect or spider bites that caused the reaction. (healthwise.net)
Harmless1
- The increased amount of IgE in people who have allergies can lead to their bodies rejecting seemingly harmless things such as peanut butter and milk. (news-medical.net)
Redness1
- I don't see any redness or foreign body in the eye and have tried flushing with saline with no improvement. (lookfordiagnosis.com)
Reacts2
- Anaphylaxis happens when the body reacts to a foreign substance as if it were a serious threat to health. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- For unknown reasons, in susceptible individuals, the body reacts to an allergen as if it is harmful, producing IgE antibodies specific to it. (medlineplus.gov)
Macrophages6
- Foreign body granuloma formation consists of protein adsorption, macrophages, multinucleated foreign body giant cells (macrophage fusion), fibroblasts, and angiogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
- Macrophages at the implant site fuse to form foreign body giant cells. (wikipedia.org)
- Adherent macrophages at the implant site can fuse into a multinucleated cell called foreign body giant cell. (wikipedia.org)
- Adherent macrophages and foreign body giant cells degrade biomaterials and can lead to device failure. (wikipedia.org)
- Macrophages and foreign body giant cells release cytokines that attract fibroblasts. (wikipedia.org)
- Polyethylene implants induced a much stronger foreign-body reaction than titanium implants, as measured by the number of interfacial ED1-positive macrophages. (lu.se)
Rejection1
- Necropsy indicated complete healing of insertion sites with no signs of infection, foreign body reaction, or rejection. (bioone.org)
Antigen1
- When the cells are activated via antigen (foreign body substance from the outside, e.g. virus), a reaction with cytokine activation follows. (who.int)
Biomaterials2
- Even though many types of implants cannot completely escape the foreign body reaction, there are many ways to engineer biomaterials to reduce the foreign body reaction. (wikipedia.org)
- Many biomaterials currently used in contact with the body are composed of materials not originally designed to work with the body. (purdue.edu)
Vaccine4
- Local reactions were reported by the majority of vaccine recipients and at higher rates than placebo recipients. (cdc.gov)
- Vaccine recipients reported higher rates of local reactions after dose 2 than dose 1. (cdc.gov)
- Pain at the injection site was the most frequent and severe reported solicited local reaction among vaccine recipients. (cdc.gov)
- Overall, the median onset of local reactions in the vaccine group was 1 day after either dose, with a median duration of 2 days. (cdc.gov)
Postoperative1
- if a foreign material is being implanted, postoperative administration of antibiotics may also be considered. (medscape.com)
Immune reaction1
- Additionally, the immune reaction can lead to swelling of the airways and overproduction of mucus. (medlineplus.gov)
Exposure3
- For some people, even minimal exposure to traces of an allergen can cause a severe reaction. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Having an episode of serum sickness puts a person at high risk for developing a severe allergic reaction if there is exposure to the same substance in the future. (healthwise.net)
- The authors conclude that copper slag exposure is carcinogenic in rats and that the changes induced by nickel slag exposure are consistent with foreign body reaction. (cdc.gov)
Anaphylaxis3
- Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Below, we describe what a severe allergic reaction - a condition called anaphylaxis - feels like and what to do if it happens. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life threatening. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Severe reactions1
- If the person has a history of severe reactions, they may be carrying an adrenaline, or epinephrine, injection kit. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Inflammation2
Neutrophils1
- Neutrophils, which ingest foreign contaminants in the body. (differencebetween.net)
Allergies2
- Allergies and the atopic reaction associated with them are mediated by IgE. (news-medical.net)
- The AAFA report that more than 50 million people in the U.S. have an allergic reaction each year and that allergies are the sixth leading cause of chronic illness in the country. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Diffuse1
- Diffuse Nickel Hypersensitivity Reaction Post-cholecystectomy in a Young Female. (iasp-pain.org)
Humans2
- Humans possess complex defense mechanisms against bacteria, viruses, and other foreign materials that enter the body. (britannica.com)
- Dr Nissen Lund said: "Because humans do not absorb that much polyphenol, many researchers are studying how to encapsulate polyphenols in protein structures which improve their absorption in the body. (yahoo.com)
Protein1
- By testing protein adsorption to a material, the resulting reaction the body can be better understood in an in vitro setting (outside of the body). (purdue.edu)
Consistent1
- Reference Hospital tifi ed foreign bodies consistent with adiaconidia. (cdc.gov)
Bacteria1
- You know it's an antibacterial, antifungal, and it heats up the body so it kills viruses and bacteria. (buzzsprout.com)
Biocompatibility3
- The biocompatibility of the device affects the severity of the foreign body reaction. (wikipedia.org)
- By copolymerizing PVP with biocompatible monomer, we hope to retain the anti-bacterial properties and enhance biocompatibility to work in conjunction with the human body. (purdue.edu)
- Biocompatibility of bactericidal polymers is one research focus which will help understand the feasibility and limitations of our materials in contact with the human body. (purdue.edu)
Implant1
- Following biomaterial implantation, blood and body fluids contact the implant surface. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis1
- We present this case because of the strong granulomatous foreign body reaction which might complicate the diagnosis and has not been described for this keratoacanthoma variant so far. (cdlib.org)
Particle2
- Whether a very fine foreign body particle can cause damage to retina similar to that caused by diabetes? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
- The increasing prevalence of tattoos provoked safety concerns with respect to particle distribution and effects inside the human body. (nature.com)
Commonly1
- For example, a lithopedion is a rare phenomenon which occurs most commonly when a fetus dies during an abdominal pregnancy, is too large to be reabsorbed by the body, and calcifies. (wikipedia.org)
Infection1
- When an immunosuppressant drug weakens your immune system, your body becomes less resistant to infection. (healthline.com)
Invaders2
- Normally, the body produces IgE antibodies in response to foreign invaders, particularly parasitic worms. (medlineplus.gov)
- Overview of the Immune System The immune system is designed to defend the body against foreign or dangerous invaders. (msdmanuals.com)
Allergen2
- Any substance that causes an allergic reaction is called an allergen. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The reaction may happen immediately after contact with the allergen or within hours of contact. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Chemicals1
- Protection of the eye from irritating chemicals, foreign bodies and rubbing during the period of anesthesia is very important. (nih.gov)
Stress1
- However, foreign materials and excessive stress can cause RBCs to rupture and release excessive hemoglobin (the oxygen carrier in RBCs) in the blood stream. (purdue.edu)
Unusual2
- We present a case of a KCM with a typical clinical picture but unusual histopathological features, including an extensive granulomatous reaction resembling a foreign body reaction, a feature that has not been described in combination with keratoacanthomas before. (cdlib.org)
- Serum sickness is an unusual reaction to any foreign substance in the body. (healthwise.net)
Common2
- [2] Histiocytic infiltration with granulomas to foreign body and follicular cysts are also common. (wikipedia.org)
- NIOSH research has shown that when combined with ozone, one of the common components of pine oil cleaners, alpha-terpineol, transforms into many oxygenated organic compounds in both the gas-phase and on surface reactions creating new products potentially harmful to those exposed. (cdc.gov)
Suddenly2
- Can your body suddenly develop a bad reaction to birth control pills after 2 and a half years? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
- Can your body suddenly develop an adverse reaction to your birth control pill meaning you get side effects you haven't had before? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
Sensation1
- I the sensation of a sand grain or foreign body in my eye when I put the contact in? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
Temperature2
- This has nothing to do with actual temperature but of the reaction in the body. (lookfordiagnosis.com)
- Often, he or she will recommend offering bland food such as canned chicken baby goods, even warming the food to body temperature and offering via syringe. (petmd.com)
Include1
- Minor problems include ocular surface irritation and a foreign-body reaction. (aao.org)
Activation1
- Our bodies protect us from dangerous factors via activation of the immune system. (news-medical.net)
Lead3
- The foreign body reaction can lead to device failure. (wikipedia.org)
- The foreign body giant cell formation and the fibrous encapsulation of the implanted device can affect the function of the implanted device and lead to its failure. (wikipedia.org)
- T lymphocytes are responsible for cell-mediated immunity , so named because the T cells themselves latch onto the antigens of the invader and then initiate reactions that lead to the destruction of the nonself matter. (britannica.com)
Type2
- In the adjacent dermis a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate with giant cells of the foreign-body-reaction type was seen in close contact to extracellular keratin deposits. (cdlib.org)
- [2] Type I hypersensitivity reactions may also be involved, particularly to rosewood and ebony in the chinrest and tailpiece, as well as to varnish of the instrument body when chinrests are not used and to rosin deposits on the instrument and on chin cloths. (wikipedia.org)
Interaction1
- This test shows the sensitivity of cells by measuring the hemoglobin released during interaction with a foreign material. (purdue.edu)
Materials3
- Instead of working with the body, many materials are seen as foreign bodies which can invoke an immune response. (purdue.edu)
- Understanding interactions of materials with the body is a key to creating new desired reactions in the body with synergistic results. (purdue.edu)
- Understand how the body will reply to our material will allow us to further develop materials that can eventually be used advantageously in bio applications. (purdue.edu)
Cells5
- Foreign body granuloma forms as immune cells accumulate on the biomaterial surface in an attempt to eliminate the biomaterial. (wikipedia.org)
- Foreign body giant cells release reactive oxygen intermediates, degradative enzymes, and acid onto the biomaterial surface. (wikipedia.org)
- Foreign body giant cells also attempt to engulf the biomaterial for degradation. (wikipedia.org)
- Foreign body giant cells remain on the surface of the implanted device throughout the device's lifetime. (wikipedia.org)
- These cells protect the body from various diseases through different ways. (differencebetween.net)
Foods2
- According to asian medicine what foods are warming reaction to the body? (lookfordiagnosis.com)
- In fact, the reaction happens so quickly that it has been difficult to avoid in any of the foods that we've studied so far. (yahoo.com)
Insertion1
- After the traumatic insertion of inks during the tattooing procedure, the body will excrete as many components as possible via the damaged epidermis. (nature.com)
Giant1
- Foreign body giant cell formation depends on the biomaterial surface properties and on the presence of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13. (wikipedia.org)