Socioeconomic Factors
Social Class
Ethiopia
Cross-Sectional Studies
Questionnaires
India
Nigeria
Risk Factors
Logistic Models
Prevalence
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Sex Factors
Age Factors
Health Surveys
African Americans
European Continental Ancestry Group
Health Status
Status Epilepticus
Marital Status
Hygiene behaviour in rural Nicaragua in relation to diarrhoea. (1/7234)
BACKGROUND: Childhood diarrhoea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Nicaragua. Amongst the risk factors for its transmission are 'poor' hygiene practices. We investigated the effect of a large number of hygiene practices on diarrhoeal disease in children aged <2 years and validated the technique of direct observation of hygiene behaviour. METHODS: A prospective follow-up study was carried out in a rural zone of Nicaragua. From the database of a previously conducted case-control study on water and sanitation 172 families were recruited, half of which had experienced a higher than expected rate of diarrhoea in their children and the other half a lower rate. Hygiene behaviour was observed over two mornings and diarrhoea incidence was recorded with a calendar, filled out by the mother, and collected every week for 5 months. RESULTS: Of 46 'good' practices studied, 39 were associated with a lower risk of diarrhoea, five were unrelated and only for two a higher risk was observed. Washing of hands, domestic cleanliness (kitchen, living room, yard) and the use of a diaper/underclothes by the child had the strongest protective effect. Schooling (>3 years of primary school) and better economic position (possession of a radio) had a positive influence on general hygiene behaviour, education having a slightly stronger effect when a radio was present. Individual hygiene behaviour appeared to be highly variable in contrast with the consistent behaviour of the community as a whole. Feasible and appropriate indicators of hygiene behaviour were found to be domestic cleanliness and the use of a diaper or underclothes by the child. CONCLUSION: A consistent relationship between almost all hygiene practices and diarrhoea was detected, more schooling producing better hygiene behaviour. The high variability of hygiene behaviour at the individual level requires repeated observations (at least two) before and after the hygiene education in the event one wants to measure the impact of the campaign on the individual. (+info)Cancer mortality by educational level in the city of Barcelona. (2/7234)
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between educational level and mortality from cancer in the city of Barcelona. The data were derived from a record linkage between the Barcelona Mortality Registry and the Municipal Census. The relative risks (RR) of death and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to level of education were derived from Poisson regression models. For all malignancies, men in the lowest educational level had a RR of death of 1.21 (95% CI 1.13-1.29) compared with men with a university degree, whereas for women a significant decreasing in risk was observed (RR 0.81; 95% CI 0.74-0.90). Among men, significant negative trends of increasing risk according to level of education were present for cancer of the mouth and pharynx (RR 1.70 for lowest vs. highest level of education), oesophagus (RR 2.14), stomach (RR 1.99), larynx (RR 2.56) and lung (RR 1.35). Among women, cervical cancer was negatively related to education (RR 2.62), whereas a positive trend was present for cancers of the colon (RR 0.76), pancreas (RR 0.59), lung (RR 0.55) and breast (RR 0.65). The present study confirms for the first time, at an individual level, the existence of socioeconomic differences in mortality for several cancer sites in Barcelona, Spain. There is a need to implement health programmes and public health policies to reduce these inequities. (+info)Moderate physical activity in relation to mammographic patterns. (3/7234)
High-risk mammographic patterns may be used as a surrogate end point for breast cancer in etiologic research as well as in prevention studies. Physical activity may be one of the few modifiable risk factors for breast cancer. We examined the relationship between physical activity and mammographic patterns among 2720 Norwegian women, ages 40-56 years, who participated in both the Second and Third Tromso studies. Epidemiologic data were obtained through questionnaires. Two questions from the Second Tromso study and five questions from the Third elicited information on physical activity. The mammograms were categorized into five groups based on anatomical-mammographic correlations. For analysis, patterns I through III were combined into a low-risk group and patterns IV and V into a high-risk group. Odds ratios that were adjusted for age, education, menopausal status, body mass index, parity, age at menarche, oral contraceptive use, and alcohol intake, with 95% confidence intervals, were estimated using logistic regression. Women who reported moderate physical activity, i.e., more than 2 h/week, were 20% less likely (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.1) to have high-risk mammographic patterns compared with those who reported being inactive. This relationship remains consistent when stratified by menopausal status, parity, and tertiles of body mass index. However, all of the associations between various measures of physical activity and high-risk patterns found in this study are weak with confidence intervals that include 1.0. Thus, chance is a reasonable explanation for the weak associations found. The relationship between physical activity and high-risk patterns should be examined further as a means to explore the biologic mechanisms relating physical activity to breast cancer risk. (+info)Low-weight neonatal survival paradox in the Czech Republic. (4/7234)
Analysis of vital statistics for the Czech Republic between 1986 and 1993, including 3,254 infant deaths from 350,978 first births to married and single women who conceived at ages 18-29 years, revealed a neonatal survival advantage for low-weight infants born to disadvantaged (single, less educated) women, particularly for deaths from congenital anomalies. This advantage largely disappeared after the neonatal period. The same patterns have been observed for low-weight infants born to black women in the United States. Since the Czech Republic had an ethnically homogenous population, virtually universal prenatal care, and uniform institutional conditions for delivery, Czech results must be attributed to social rather than to biologic or medical circumstances. This strengthens the contention that in the United States, the black neonatal survival paradox may be due as much to race-related social stigmatization and consequent disadvantage as to any hypothesized hereditary influences on birth-weight-specific survival. (+info)Are sex and educational level independent predictors of dementia and Alzheimer's disease? Incidence data from the PAQUID project. (5/7234)
OBJECTIVES: To examine the age specific risk of Alzheimer's disease according to sex, and to explore the role of education in a cohort of elderly community residents aged 65 years and older. METHODS: A community based cohort of elderly people was studied longitudinally for 5 years for the development of dementia. Dementia diagnoses were made according to the DSM III R criteria and Alzheimer's disease was assessed using the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Among the 3675 non-demented subjects initially included in the cohort, 2881 participated in the follow up. Hazard ratios of dementia were estimated using a Cox model with delayed entry in which the time scale is the age of the subjects. RESULTS: During the 5 year follow up, 190 incident cases of dementia, including 140 cases of Alzheimer's disease were identified. The incidence rates of Alzheimer's disease were 0.8/100 person-years in men and 1.4/100 person-years in women. However, the incidence was higher in men than in women before the age of 80 and higher in women than in men after this age. A significant interaction between sex and age was found. The hazard ratio of Alzheimer's disease in women compared with men was estimated to be 0.8 at 75 years and 1.7 at 85 years. The risks of dementia and Alzheimer's disease were associated with a lower educational attainment (hazard ratio=1.8, p<0.001). The increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in women was not changed after adjustment for education. CONCLUSION: Women have a higher risk of developing dementia after the age of 80 than men. Low educational attainment is associated with a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, the increased risk in women is not explained by a lower educational level. (+info)Serum and red blood cell folate concentrations, race, and education: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. (6/7234)
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the relations between race or ethnicity, educational attainment, and serum and red blood cell folate concentrations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relation between educational attainment and serum and red blood cell folate concentrations in 8457 white, African American, and Mexican American men and women aged > or = 17 y. DESIGN: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from Phase 1 of the third National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1991). RESULTS: White men had significantly higher adjusted serum and red blood cell folate concentrations (16.9 and 502.6 nmol/L, respectively) than did African American men (15.6 and 423.3 nmol/L, respectively) or Mexican American men (16.0 and 457.0 nmol/L, respectively); white women had significantly higher concentrations (18.4 and 515.9 nmol/L, respectively) than did African American women (16.3 and 415.4 nmol/L, respectively) or Mexican American women (15.9 and 455.7 nmol/L, respectively). For the entire sample, rank correlation coefficients between educational attainment and serum and red blood cell folate were 0.11 and 0.12, respectively, and were larger in white participants than in other participants. No significant linear trends between adjusted serum or red blood cell folate and educational attainment were found. Among participants with > 12 y of education, the mean adjusted concentrations of serum folate were 15% and 18% lower and those of red blood cell were 18% and 22% lower in African American men and women than in white men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: African Americans and Mexican Americans could benefit most from public health programs to boost folate intakes by encouraging increased intake of folate-rich foods and vitamin supplements. (+info)Alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, problem drinking, and socioeconomic status. (7/7234)
In general, a lower socioeconomic status (SES) is related to a lower health status, more health problems, and a shorter life expectancy. Although causal relations between SES and health are unclear, lifestyle factors play an intermediate role. The purpose of the present study was to obtain more insight into the relation between SES, alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and problem drinking, through a general population survey among 8000 people in Rotterdam. Odds ratios were calculated using educational level as independent, and alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, and problem drinking as dependent variables. Abstinence decreased significantly by increasing educational level for both sexes. For men, excessive drinking, and notably very excessive drinking, was more prevalent in the lowest educational group. For women, no significant relation between educational level and prevalence of excessive drinking was found. After controlling for differences in drinking behaviour, among men the prevalence of 'psychological dependence' and 'social problems' was higher in intermediate educational groups, whereas prevalence of 'drunkenness' was lower in intermediate educational groups. For women, a negative relation was found between educational level and 'psychological dependence'; prevalence of 'symptomatic drinking' was higher in the lowest educational group. Prevalence of problem drinking was not related to educational level in either sex. It is concluded that differences exist between educational levels with respect to abstinence, but only limited differences were found with respect to excessive drinking. Furthermore, there is evidence for higher prevalences of alcohol-related problems in lower educational levels, after controlling for differences in drinking behaviour, in both sexes. (+info)Potential explanations for the educational gradient in coronary heart disease: a population-based case-control study of Swedish women. (8/7234)
OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between educational attainment and coronary heart disease (CHD) and the factors that may explain this association. METHODS: This population-based case-control study included 292 women with CHD who were 65 years or younger and 292 age-matched controls. RESULTS: Compared with the adjusted odds ratio for CHD associated with college education, the age-adjusted odds ratio associated with mandatory education (< or = 9 years) was 1.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23, 2.84) and the odds ratio for high school education was 1.35 (95% CI = 0.81, 2.25) (P for trend < .01). The odds ratio for mandatory education was reduced by 82%, to 1.16 (95% CI = 0.69, 2.09), after adjustment for psychosocial stress, unhealthy lifestyle patterns, hemostatic factors, hypertension, and lipids. CONCLUSIONS: Much of the increased risk of CHD in women with low education appears to be linked to psychosocial stress and lifestyle factors. Hemostatic factors, lipids, and hypertension also contribute to a lesser extent. These factors may be considered in strategies geared to reducing socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular health. (+info)Educational status refers to the level or stage of education that a person has reached. It can be used to describe an individual's educational background, achievements, and qualifications. Educational status can be categorized in various ways, including by level (e.g., elementary school, high school, college, graduate school), years of schooling completed, or type of degree earned (e.g., bachelor's, master's, doctoral).
In medical settings, educational status may be used as a demographic variable to describe the characteristics of a patient population or to identify potential disparities in health outcomes based on education level. Research has shown that higher levels of education are often associated with better health outcomes, including lower rates of chronic diseases and improved mental health. Therefore, understanding a patient's educational status can help healthcare providers tailor their care and education strategies to meet the unique needs and challenges of each individual.
Socioeconomic factors are a range of interconnected conditions and influences that affect the opportunities and resources a person or group has to maintain and improve their health and well-being. These factors include:
1. Economic stability: This includes employment status, job security, income level, and poverty status. Lower income and lack of employment are associated with poorer health outcomes.
2. Education: Higher levels of education are generally associated with better health outcomes. Education can affect a person's ability to access and understand health information, as well as their ability to navigate the healthcare system.
3. Social and community context: This includes factors such as social support networks, discrimination, and community safety. Strong social supports and positive community connections are associated with better health outcomes, while discrimination and lack of safety can negatively impact health.
4. Healthcare access and quality: Access to affordable, high-quality healthcare is an important socioeconomic factor that can significantly impact a person's health. Factors such as insurance status, availability of providers, and cultural competency of healthcare systems can all affect healthcare access and quality.
5. Neighborhood and built environment: The physical conditions in which people live, work, and play can also impact their health. Factors such as housing quality, transportation options, availability of healthy foods, and exposure to environmental hazards can all influence health outcomes.
Socioeconomic factors are often interrelated and can have a cumulative effect on health outcomes. For example, someone who lives in a low-income neighborhood with limited access to healthy foods and safe parks may also face challenges related to employment, education, and healthcare access that further impact their health. Addressing socioeconomic factors is an important part of promoting health equity and reducing health disparities.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "social class" is not a term that has a medical definition. It is a sociological concept that refers to the grouping of individuals in a society based on their shared economic and social positions. This can include factors such as income, education, occupation, and wealth.
However, social class can have an impact on health outcomes and access to healthcare. For example, people in lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to experience chronic diseases, mental health disorders, and have limited access to quality healthcare services compared to those in higher socioeconomic groups. This relationship is often referred to as the "social determinants of health."
I must clarify that "Ethiopia" is not a medical term or condition. Ethiopia is a country located in the Horn of Africa, known for its rich history and cultural heritage. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with diverse ethnic groups, languages, and religious practices.
If you have any questions related to medical terminology or health-related topics, please feel free to ask! I'm here to help.
A cross-sectional study is a type of observational research design that examines the relationship between variables at one point in time. It provides a snapshot or a "cross-section" of the population at a particular moment, allowing researchers to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition and identify potential risk factors or associations.
In a cross-sectional study, data is collected from a sample of participants at a single time point, and the variables of interest are measured simultaneously. This design can be used to investigate the association between exposure and outcome, but it cannot establish causality because it does not follow changes over time.
Cross-sectional studies can be conducted using various data collection methods, such as surveys, interviews, or medical examinations. They are often used in epidemiology to estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition in a population and to identify potential risk factors that may contribute to its development. However, because cross-sectional studies only provide a snapshot of the population at one point in time, they cannot account for changes over time or determine whether exposure preceded the outcome.
Therefore, while cross-sectional studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying potential associations between variables, further research using other study designs, such as cohort or case-control studies, is necessary to establish causality and confirm any findings.
A questionnaire in the medical context is a standardized, systematic, and structured tool used to gather information from individuals regarding their symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, or other health-related factors. It typically consists of a series of written questions that can be either self-administered or administered by an interviewer. Questionnaires are widely used in various areas of healthcare, including clinical research, epidemiological studies, patient care, and health services evaluation to collect data that can inform diagnosis, treatment planning, and population health management. They provide a consistent and organized method for obtaining information from large groups or individual patients, helping to ensure accurate and comprehensive data collection while minimizing bias and variability in the information gathered.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Turkey" is not a medical term. It is a common name for the country located in Eastern Europe and Western Asia, as well as a type of large bird native to North America that is often eaten as a holiday meal. If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I'd be happy to try and help answer them!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "India" is not a medical term or concept. It is a country in South Asia, the second-most populous country in the world, known for its rich history, diverse culture, and numerous contributions to various fields including medicine. If you have any questions related to medical topics, I would be happy to help answer them!
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Nigeria" is not a medical term. It is a country located in West Africa, and it is the most populous country in Africa. If you have any questions about medical conditions or terms, I would be happy to help clarify those for you.
Medical Definition:
"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.
Logistic models, specifically logistic regression models, are a type of statistical analysis used in medical and epidemiological research to identify the relationship between the risk of a certain health outcome or disease (dependent variable) and one or more independent variables, such as demographic factors, exposure variables, or other clinical measurements.
In contrast to linear regression models, logistic regression models are used when the dependent variable is binary or dichotomous in nature, meaning it can only take on two values, such as "disease present" or "disease absent." The model uses a logistic function to estimate the probability of the outcome based on the independent variables.
Logistic regression models are useful for identifying risk factors and estimating the strength of associations between exposures and health outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders, and predicting the probability of an outcome given certain values of the independent variables. They can also be used to develop clinical prediction rules or scores that can aid in decision-making and patient care.
Prevalence, in medical terms, refers to the total number of people in a given population who have a particular disease or condition at a specific point in time, or over a specified period. It is typically expressed as a percentage or a ratio of the number of cases to the size of the population. Prevalence differs from incidence, which measures the number of new cases that develop during a certain period.
"Health Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices" (HKAP) is a term used in public health to refer to the knowledge, beliefs, assumptions, and behaviors that individuals possess or engage in that are related to health. Here's a brief definition of each component:
1. Health Knowledge: Refers to the factual information and understanding that individuals have about various health-related topics, such as anatomy, physiology, disease processes, and healthy behaviors.
2. Attitudes: Represent the positive or negative evaluations, feelings, or dispositions that people hold towards certain health issues, practices, or services. These attitudes can influence their willingness to adopt and maintain healthy behaviors.
3. Practices: Encompass the specific actions or habits that individuals engage in related to their health, such as dietary choices, exercise routines, hygiene practices, and use of healthcare services.
HKAP is a multidimensional concept that helps public health professionals understand and address various factors influencing individual and community health outcomes. By assessing and addressing knowledge gaps, negative attitudes, or unhealthy practices, interventions can be designed to promote positive behavior change and improve overall health status.
"Sex factors" is a term used in medicine and epidemiology to refer to the differences in disease incidence, prevalence, or response to treatment that are observed between males and females. These differences can be attributed to biological differences such as genetics, hormones, and anatomy, as well as social and cultural factors related to gender.
For example, some conditions such as autoimmune diseases, depression, and osteoporosis are more common in women, while others such as cardiovascular disease and certain types of cancer are more prevalent in men. Additionally, sex differences have been observed in the effectiveness and side effects of various medications and treatments.
It is important to consider sex factors in medical research and clinical practice to ensure that patients receive appropriate and effective care.
A rural population refers to people who live in areas that are outside of urban areas, typically defined as having fewer than 2,000 residents and lacking certain infrastructure and services such as running water, sewage systems, and paved roads. Rural populations often have less access to healthcare services, education, and economic opportunities compared to their urban counterparts. This population group can face unique health challenges, including higher rates of poverty, limited access to specialized medical care, and a greater exposure to environmental hazards such as agricultural chemicals and industrial pollutants.
"Age factors" refer to the effects, changes, or differences that age can have on various aspects of health, disease, and medical care. These factors can encompass a wide range of issues, including:
1. Physiological changes: As people age, their bodies undergo numerous physical changes that can affect how they respond to medications, illnesses, and medical procedures. For example, older adults may be more sensitive to certain drugs or have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to infections.
2. Chronic conditions: Age is a significant risk factor for many chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. As a result, age-related medical issues are common and can impact treatment decisions and outcomes.
3. Cognitive decline: Aging can also lead to cognitive changes, including memory loss and decreased decision-making abilities. These changes can affect a person's ability to understand and comply with medical instructions, leading to potential complications in their care.
4. Functional limitations: Older adults may experience physical limitations that impact their mobility, strength, and balance, increasing the risk of falls and other injuries. These limitations can also make it more challenging for them to perform daily activities, such as bathing, dressing, or cooking.
5. Social determinants: Age-related factors, such as social isolation, poverty, and lack of access to transportation, can impact a person's ability to obtain necessary medical care and affect their overall health outcomes.
Understanding age factors is critical for healthcare providers to deliver high-quality, patient-centered care that addresses the unique needs and challenges of older adults. By taking these factors into account, healthcare providers can develop personalized treatment plans that consider a person's age, physical condition, cognitive abilities, and social circumstances.
Health surveys are research studies that collect data from a sample population to describe the current health status, health behaviors, and healthcare utilization of a particular group or community. These surveys may include questions about various aspects of health such as physical health, mental health, chronic conditions, lifestyle habits, access to healthcare services, and demographic information. The data collected from health surveys can be used to monitor trends in health over time, identify disparities in health outcomes, develop and evaluate public health programs and policies, and inform resource allocation decisions. Examples of national health surveys include the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
Smoking is not a medical condition, but it's a significant health risk behavior. Here is the definition from a public health perspective:
Smoking is the act of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning tobacco that is commonly consumed through cigarettes, pipes, and cigars. The smoke contains over 7,000 chemicals, including nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide, and numerous toxic and carcinogenic substances. These toxins contribute to a wide range of diseases and health conditions, such as lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and various other cancers, as well as adverse reproductive outcomes and negative impacts on the developing fetus during pregnancy. Smoking is highly addictive due to the nicotine content, which makes quitting smoking a significant challenge for many individuals.
African Americans are defined as individuals who have ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa. This term is often used to describe people living in the United States who have total or partial descent from enslaved African peoples. The term does not refer to a single ethnicity but is a broad term that includes various ethnic groups with diverse cultures, languages, and traditions. It's important to note that some individuals may prefer to identify as Black or of African descent rather than African American, depending on their personal identity and background.
The term "European Continental Ancestry Group" is a medical/ethnic classification that refers to individuals who trace their genetic ancestry to the continent of Europe. This group includes people from various ethnic backgrounds and nationalities, such as Northern, Southern, Eastern, and Western European descent. It is often used in research and medical settings for population studies or to identify genetic patterns and predispositions to certain diseases that may be more common in specific ancestral groups. However, it's important to note that this classification can oversimplify the complex genetic diversity within and between populations, and should be used with caution.
Nutritional status is a concept that refers to the condition of an individual in relation to their nutrient intake, absorption, metabolism, and excretion. It encompasses various aspects such as body weight, muscle mass, fat distribution, presence of any deficiencies or excesses of specific nutrients, and overall health status.
A comprehensive assessment of nutritional status typically includes a review of dietary intake, anthropometric measurements (such as height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure), laboratory tests (such as serum albumin, total protein, cholesterol levels, vitamin and mineral levels), and clinical evaluation for signs of malnutrition or overnutrition.
Malnutrition can result from inadequate intake or absorption of nutrients, increased nutrient requirements due to illness or injury, or excessive loss of nutrients due to medical conditions. On the other hand, overnutrition can lead to obesity and related health problems such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer.
Therefore, maintaining a good nutritional status is essential for overall health and well-being, and it is an important consideration in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various medical conditions.
Health status is a term used to describe the overall condition of an individual's health, including physical, mental, and social well-being. It is often assessed through various measures such as medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and self-reported health assessments. Health status can be used to identify health disparities, track changes in population health over time, and evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare interventions.
Status epilepticus is a serious and life-threatening medical condition characterized by an ongoing seizure activity or a series of seizures without full recovery of consciousness between them, lasting for 30 minutes or more. It is a neurological emergency that requires immediate medical attention to prevent potential complications such as brain damage, respiratory failure, or even death.
The condition can occur in people with a history of epilepsy or seizure disorders, as well as those without any prior history of seizures. The underlying causes of status epilepticus can vary and may include infection, trauma, stroke, metabolic imbalances, toxins, or other medical conditions that affect the brain's normal functioning. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term neurological damage and improve outcomes in patients with this condition.
"Marital status" is not a medical term, but it is often used in medical records and forms to indicate whether a person is single, married, divorced, widowed, or in a civil union. It is a social determinant of health that can have an impact on a person's access to healthcare, health behaviors, and health outcomes. For example, research has shown that people who are unmarried, divorced, or widowed may have worse health outcomes than those who are married. However, it is important to note that this relationship is complex and influenced by many other factors, including socioeconomic status, age, and overall health.
Health status indicators are measures used to assess and monitor the health and well-being of a population. They provide information about various aspects of health, such as mortality rates, morbidity rates, prevalence of chronic diseases, lifestyle factors, environmental exposures, and access to healthcare services. These indicators can be used to identify trends and disparities in health outcomes, inform policy decisions, allocate resources, and evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions. Examples of health status indicators include life expectancy, infant mortality rate, prevalence of diabetes, smoking rates, and access to primary care.
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Attainment25
- Although studies acknowledge education differences in preferred format (those with more education prefer the self-directed format), ours is the first study to evaluate possible differences in the program's efficacy based on educational attainment (8,10). (cdc.gov)
- A recent report from the Lumina Foundation - A Stronger Nation: Learning Beyond High School Builds American Talent - shows that the national educational attainment rate for those earning a certificate or higher has increased for those aged 25 to 64 from 38 percent in 2009 to 54 percent to 2021. (mnprivatecolleges.org)
- In the same period, Minnesota's educational attainment rate increased from 45 percent to 60 percent. (mnprivatecolleges.org)
- Educational attainment data are needed for use in assessing the socioeconomic condition of the U.S. population. (socialexplorer.com)
- Based on data about educational attainment, school districts are allocated funds to provide classes in basic skills to adults who have not completed high school. (socialexplorer.com)
- Data on educational attainment were derived from answers to Question 11 on the 2012 American Community Survey, which was asked of all respondents. (socialexplorer.com)
- Educational attainment data are tabulated for people 18 years old and over. (socialexplorer.com)
- The educational attainment question included a response category that allowed people to report completing the 12th grade without receiving a high school diploma. (socialexplorer.com)
- This understanding is essential for addressing the persistent gaps in educational achievement and attainment of immigrant youths. (oru.se)
- Nevertheless, this relation has rarely been explored in detail, taking into account educational trajectories instead of educational attainment. (lives-nccr.ch)
- The relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and educational outcomes has been extensively studied and has shown a significant impact on the educational attainment and achievements of individuals. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- There are cases of students from low SES backgrounds who excel academically, and students from high SES backgrounds who struggle with educational attainment. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Many parents with low educational attainment prematurely graduate their children to seat belt restraint rather than use belt-positioning booster seats. (nih.gov)
- Questions for Brady E. Hamilton, Ph.D., Demographer, Statistician, and Lead Author of " Educational Attainment of Mothers Aged 25 Years and Over: United States, 2017 . (cdc.gov)
- Educational attainment of the mother is considered an important measure of socioeconomic status. (cdc.gov)
- Women with higher educational attainment have been shown to be more likely to desire and give birth to fewer children and are less likely to engage in behaviors detrimental to their health and pregnancy. (cdc.gov)
- How did you obtain data on educational attainment of mothers? (cdc.gov)
- Information on the educational attainment of mother shown in the report is based on data from 100% of the birth certificates filed in the states and District of Columbia in 2017. (cdc.gov)
- How did educational attainment of mother vary by race and state in 2017? (cdc.gov)
- Large differences in maternal educational attainment are observed by race and Hispanic origin and by state. (cdc.gov)
- Do you have trend data on educational attainment of mothers that goes back 10 or 20 years? (cdc.gov)
- No, this report is the first to present information on the educational attainment of mothers in the United States in more than 20 years. (cdc.gov)
- The range in the mean number of live births by level of educational attainment is certainly noteworthy. (cdc.gov)
- In addition, the wide range in the percentage of births by educational attainment for the race and Hispanic origin groups and state, mentioned above, were also notable. (cdc.gov)
- different ages, genders, and educational attainment (see Table 2). (cdc.gov)
Socioeconomic status8
- The effect of the socioeconomic status of ethnic groups on educational inequalities in Switzerland: Which "hidden" mechanisms? (lives-nccr.ch)
- Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the major explanatory factors of educational inequalities between ethnic groups. (lives-nccr.ch)
- Socioeconomic status refers to an individual's or a family's position within society based on various factors such as income, occupation, education level, and wealth. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Research consistently demonstrates that socioeconomic status is strongly correlated with educational outcomes. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- It is important to acknowledge that the relationship between socioeconomic status and educational outcomes is complex and multifaceted. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- While socioeconomic status is a significant predictor, it is not a deterministic factor. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- In conclusion, socioeconomic status has a significant impact on educational outcomes. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- In 2016, for instance, over 40% of under-five children in 19 out of 41 countries had a low socioeconomic status (poorest quintile), and thus suffered from chronic malnutrition compared to the richest quintile, while most of the other countries had less than 20% (see Annex 1). (who.int)
Marital2
- and (3) education levels of women in 1950 by marital status, controlling for age and year of entry into the 1950 marital status. (dukeupress.edu)
- 3) niveles de education de las mujeres en 1950, según el estado marital, manteniendo fijos la edad y el año de su ingreso al estado marital para 1950. (dukeupress.edu)
Outcomes7
- Background Young adults at work without basic educational level (BEL), and young adults in Neither Employment, Education nor Training (NEET) are at high risk of adverse employment outcomes. (bmj.com)
- Students from higher SES backgrounds tend to have better educational outcomes compared to those from lower SES backgrounds. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- These resources can create an environment that supports and enhances educational opportunities, leading to better outcomes for students. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- In contrast, lower SES families face numerous challenges that can hinder educational outcomes. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Individual differences, personal motivation, and other factors also play a role in educational outcomes. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Addressing the disparities in educational outcomes requires a multifaceted approach. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Bridging the socioeconomic gap in educational outcomes requires targeted interventions and policies that aim to provide equitable opportunities for all students, regardless of their socioeconomic background. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
Trajectories3
- Therefore, the aims of this study were to (1) identify trajectories of mental health problems from childhood to young adulthood and (2) investigate the relation between these trajectories and the educational or employment status of young adults. (bmj.com)
- What is the impact of the SES of ethnic groups on educational trajectories? (lives-nccr.ch)
- And by which "hidden mechanisms" SES background concretely influences the educational trajectories of youths? (lives-nccr.ch)
Interventions4
- Interventions reducing mental health problems in childhood may improve the educational or employment status of young adults and their chances for successfully entering the labour market. (bmj.com)
- The burden of hypertension is increasing in Ethiopia, and evidence of educational and counseling interventions to lower the risk is limited. (cdc.gov)
- From the available literature, we found no results on the effect of educational interventions on lifestyle modification for patients with hypertension in Ethiopia. (cdc.gov)
- Virtual educational interventions could prove incredibly useful in the future just as they are being successfully utilized in local and regional contexts during the pandemic. (lu.se)
Participants4
- The participants evaluated the educational program to be a good source of information that was tailored to the local context. (jmir.org)
- The innovative and interactive workshop allowed participants to get to know each other, exchange educational and professional experiences, and ask questions or receive advice from experts. (lu.se)
- The 90 participants in the control group received educational materials from the Alzheimer's Association every 3 months. (medscape.com)
- Adiposity status was both self-rated by the study participants and measured by researchers. (cdc.gov)
Disparities1
- These gaps might be reduced substantially through knowledge-based practices, but research is limited in providing an understanding of how and why the educational disparities develop. (oru.se)
Education12
- For the younger first-married for whom education of partners was cross-tabulated in 1940 and 1960, the proportions of college-educated persons were so much higher in 1960 than in 1940 that the proportions also increased of both husbands and wives at all educational levels who were married to college-educated partners. (dukeupress.edu)
- Una tendencia hacia proportiones menores de solteros, tanto hombres como mujeres, en personas jóvenes con education universitaria, continuó durante todo el período de 20 años, a pesar de que no existía lal tendencia en los anõs 50 en otros grupos de edad y nivelés de educación. (dukeupress.edu)
- Using a variety of fictional examples, Dahlbeck investigates the different dimensions of educational fictionalism, from teacher exemplarism to the basic educational fictions necessary for getting started in education in the first place. (brill.com)
- These talks to educational scholars and researchers respond to these questions and make an appeal for the place of philosophy within educational research and the tradition of phenomenology within philosophy of education. (brill.com)
- We summarize the existing evidence regarding education in ST, identify and detail conceptual educational frameworks that may be used during ST, and present a structured framework for an educational curriculum in ST. Conclusions The educational impact and optimal curricular organization of ST programs are largely unexplored. (sages.org)
- Based on the "Transition from education to employment" (TREE) longitudinal database in Switzerland, we propose a typology of post-compulsory educational pathways and we observe the impact of SES on the odds of taking a given path. (lives-nccr.ch)
- The role of educational interpreters is a topical subject, with a number of studies affording insight into the reduced access to academic information and social participation available to deaf students in interpreted education (Antia & Kreimeyer 2001;Berge & Thomassen 2015;Harrington 2000Harrington , 2005Marschark et al. (researchgate.net)
- Parents with higher education levels often have a better understanding of the education system, can provide academic support at home, and have higher expectations for their children's educational achievements. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- The Title I program provides supplemental educational services to ensure that all children have a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high quality education. (spps.org)
- Purpose : To discern the current status and trends in the curriculum implementation during the transition period from pre-primary to primary education and to analyze characteristics of effectively organized curricula. (go.jp)
- The study was funded via the Wageningen educational innovation fund, and as such is part of the 4TU Centre for Engineering Education activities. (wur.nl)
- This will allow students to maintain their eligibility status during their education. (wisconsin.gov)
NCES1
- on the National Center for Educational Statistics (NCES) web site. (ca.gov)
Informational and educational1
- The above information is provided for general informational and educational purposes only. (medscape.com)
Implications1
- The discussion examines implications for the educational interpreter's role set (Sarangi 2010, 2011), and the dual responsibility s/he fulfils by not only interpreting the students' utterances, but also explicitly coordinating their interaction. (researchgate.net)
Demographic2
- Although published demographic data documents the number of children who are being educated in classrooms with educational interpreters (Kluwin, Moore, and Gaustad 1992), no studies have been done to document how well these students are doing. (researchgate.net)
- This study aimed to investigate the oral health status of adolescents from socio-educational units in Belo Horizonte, Brazil and its relationship with socio-demographic data from this group. (bvsalud.org)
Institution4
- Trademarks protect names, logos, and symbols used in commerce, and can include educational institution names and logos.The Trade Marks Act,1999, governs the trademark law in India and allows for the registration of trademarks for educational institutions and their logos. (legalserviceindia.com)
- In the educational industry, trademark infringement lawsuits can arise when one institution uses a similar name or logo to another institution, causing confusion among consumers. (legalserviceindia.com)
- In conclusion, intellectual property rights play an important role in the educational industry, protecting innovative teaching technologies, educational materials, and institution names and logos. (legalserviceindia.com)
- As long as students are active in a program, the school or educational institution should keep them as an active individual in the CCPP. (wisconsin.gov)
Research5
- Is there room for philosophy in educational research? (brill.com)
- We also detail research strategies critical to its continued evolution as an educational tool, including randomized controlled trials, establishment of a quality registry, qualitative research, learning analytics, and development of a standardized taxonomy. (sages.org)
- Occasionally it is important that Earlham make available general information about students for educational research purposes. (earlham.edu)
- This executive summary reports on a research study mapping the characteristics of educational innovation projects at WUR (Wageningen University and Research). (wur.nl)
- This research was conducted with 183 adolescents from three detention centers run by the Department of Socio-Educational Assistance from the state of Minas Gerais. (bvsalud.org)
Constraints2
- We identified the fact that the SES effect is often nested with other negative factors related to the family, such as a precarious legal status, difficult living conditions, a lack of linguistic and social capital, etc. and related to the educational system that selects students into different tracks, constraints educational opportunities and reproduces educational inequalities. (lives-nccr.ch)
- Financial constraints may limit access to quality schools and educational resources, leading to inadequate academic preparation. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
Faculty1
- AutoDesSys formZ pro 9 + RenderZone Bundle Educational Student Version is for faculty and students. (novedge.com)
Differences2
- This study compared baseline health status and examined differences in program efficacy and adherence among Latino adults with and without a high school diploma enrolled in a pre−post evaluation of CCG. (cdc.gov)
- 2 Definition: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are the economic and social conditions (in which people are born, grow, live, work and age) and their distribution among the population that influence individual and group differences in health status. (who.int)
Baseline2
- Objective: The primary aim was to pilot test eight-week worksite nutrition and physical activity educational intervention for correctional employees and to determine baseline indicators of weight loss success. (cdc.gov)
- Educational material was tailored to baseline responses on diet and physical activity knowledge, preferences, and behaviors. (cdc.gov)
Health status1
- The economic burden of LBP involves high annual compensation costs, [ 2 ] and the impact of LBP on individuals can lead to a loss of health status in the form of loss of function and disability [ 3 ]. (plos.org)
India1
- Patents protect inventions and can include innovative teaching technologies such as online learning platforms, educational games, and virtual reality tools.In India, The Patents Act, 1970, governs patent law. (legalserviceindia.com)
Children's1
- In this context, parents, mothers in particular, are expected to perform task-oriented educational work, but also to cultivate their children's desire to learn. (lu.se)
Evaluate3
- A pilot interventional quasi-experimental study without a comparison group was conducted to evaluate the effect of a 3-month educational intervention on clinical measurement changes among 50 patients with hypertension at the Bishoftu General Hospital in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. (cdc.gov)
- ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the educational needs and knowledge about sexually transmittable infections (STIs) demonstrated by midwives. (who.int)
- The Persian version of the Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ) and a researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate educational needs and profile were used. (who.int)
Achievement1
- These factors contribute to an educational achievement gap between students from different socioeconomic backgrounds. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
Intervention4
- The intervention, a 4-week-long access to a mHealth app-based educational program, was evaluated. (jmir.org)
- A 3-month educational intervention that focused on a healthy lifestyle among patients with hypertension was effective in improving systolic and diastolic blood pressure, weight, and total cholesterol. (cdc.gov)
- 001). The educational intervention was found to be effective in reducing risk factors for cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
- Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an educational intervention on clinical measurements among hypertensive patients attending the outpatient department at Bishoftu General Hospital. (cdc.gov)
Data3
- While there will be some updates to classification of pediatric candidates in Status 1A or Status 1B, these changes do not require new or updated data entry. (unos.org)
- Cisd Educational Support Groups Inc. cannot currently be evaluated by our Culture & Community methodology because we have not received data from the charity regarding its Constituent Feedback or Equity Practices strategies. (charitynavigator.org)
- Cisd Educational Support Groups Inc. cannot currently be evaluated by our Leadership & Adaptability methodology because we have not received data from the charity regarding its leadership capacity, strategic thinking and planning, and ability to innovate or respond to changes. (charitynavigator.org)
Students5
- and the lack of educational preparation for educational interpreters and its corresponding impact on both interpreters and students (see Langer, 2004;Schick, 2004;and Winston, 2004). (researchgate.net)
- They may also face environmental stressors such as inadequate housing, limited access to healthcare, and higher exposure to crime and violence, which can negatively impact students' educational engagement and performance. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Title I helps schools provide world-class educational opportunities to all students. (spps.org)
- Recognizing the ability of all students to master challenging academic standards and the necessity of strong family involvement, Saint Paul Public Schools Office of Title I Federal Programs ensures increased and improved educational opportunities for all students. (spps.org)
- Use this checklist to request a background check for educational institutes/college practicum students and student teachers . (wisconsin.gov)
Study4
- The aim of this descriptive, qualitative study was to explore the views of parents of newborns with regard to the content and delivery of a mobile health (mHealth) app-based postnatal educational program. (jmir.org)
- Following approval of the study, the South Carolina General Assembly created the South Carolina Educational Television Commission (ETV), a state agency, on July 1, 1960. (wikipedia.org)
- and d) socio-economic and educational status as a modulator of pain-the study reported that economic factors influenced the experience of pain. (plos.org)
- However, the control group in the National Institute on Aging (NIH)-funded SMAART study, which only received educational materials by mail, also showed improvements. (medscape.com)
Centers1
- Starred is an educational model that caters to special accommodations, day care centers, home care and assistance unit units. (who.int)
Innovation1
- While IPR can incentivize innovation and creativity, it can also limit access to knowledge and educational resources. (legalserviceindia.com)
Program4
- According to the parents, the mHealth app-based educational program was helpful in supporting a multi-ethnic sample of parents during the postnatal period. (jmir.org)
- The helpfulness of the educational program is a testament of the potential benefits of using telemedicine among new parents postnatally. (jmir.org)
- Establishing an educational and counseling program for patients with hypertension in health facilities and communities would promote a healthy lifestyle and help reduce their risk for cardiovascular disease. (cdc.gov)
- The College makes periodic evaluations of the information placed in student records to ensure that only information related to the specific purpose of the educational program is collected and maintained. (earlham.edu)
Search1
- Simply enter the organization's name (Cisd Educational Support Groups Inc.) or EIN (260127122) in the 'Search Term' field. (charitynavigator.org)
Schools3
- 1) The Vocational Educational Institutions Act provides the bases for the establishment, maintenance, transfer, reorganisation and closure of vocational educational institutions (hereinafter schools), the bases for the right to provide instruction, management, organisation of studies and financing, the functions of schools, the rights and obligations of members of schools, and administrative supervision over the activities of schools. (riigiteataja.ee)
- Higher SES families often have greater financial resources, which can provide advantages such as access to quality schools, private tutoring, educational materials, and enrichment activities. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Schools may order multiple licenses to use for educational purposes. (novedge.com)
Opportunities1
- They may also have more social capital and networks that can provide additional educational opportunities and support. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
Relation1
- While not explicitly centered on migration, I suggest that the educational mobilities needs to be understood in relation to a growing tension between parents' desire to achieve conventional success and the desire to nurture the child's emotional well-being. (lu.se)
Practice1
- The OptiVol 2.0 Fluid Status Monitoring feature is an additional source of information for patient management and does not replace assessments that are part of standard clinical practice. (medtronic.com)
Childhood1
- This paper seeks to expand our lens on educational desires, parenting and shifting notions of childhood and learning in East Asia and beyond. (lu.se)
Mechanisms1
- and lastly, institutional mechanisms and status reports from various countries. (cdc.gov)
Resources2
- Higher SES individuals tend to have greater access to resources, parental involvement, and supportive environments, leading to better educational achievements. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
- Publications and other educational resources from CDE Press, the Department's publications office. (ca.gov)
Grade1
- CharityWatch is unable to issue a letter grade rating to St. Labre Indian School Educational Association at this time because it is exempt from filing annual tax forms and audited financial statements with the IRS and state regulatory agencies. (charitywatch.org)
Services1
- In the case of Chancellor, Masters & Scholars of the University of Oxford & Ors v. Rameshwari Photocopy Services & Ors (2016),2 the Court held that the reproduction and distribution of copyrighted materials by a university-affiliated photocopying service for educational purposes was a fair use of the materials, as it did not compete with the market for the original works. (legalserviceindia.com)
Impact1
- Additional studies of interpreters working in educational settings focus on a variety of language and policy-related topics, including not only the interpreter's role in a classroom (see also Harrington, 2005), but also the impact of coded sign systems on language learning (cf. (researchgate.net)
Institutions1
- In the educational industry, patent infringement lawsuits can arise when companies or institutions use patented technologies without permission or license. (legalserviceindia.com)
Programs2
- However, the usefulness of educational programs must be evaluated to ascertain their credibility. (jmir.org)
- The lack of positive peer influences and limited access to extracurricular activities and enrichment programs can further hinder their educational progress. (contentexpertsagencies.com)
Hypertension1
- All had at least two AD risk factors, such as poorly controlled hypertension or diabetes, social isolation, or current smoking status. (medscape.com)
Support2
- Novedge does not provide technical support for educational versions of the software. (novedge.com)
- Cisd Educational Support Groups Inc. (charitynavigator.org)
Scientists1
- They have the potential to improve educational equality and allow the voice of the underprivileged scientists to be heard across the globe. (lu.se)
Improvements1
- A series of improvements to MELD, PELD, Status 1A and Status 1B will be implemented on Thursday, July 13, 2023. (unos.org)
Results1
- In A. Börsch-Supan, J. Bristle, K. Andersen-Ranberg, A. Brugiavini, F. Jusot, H. Litwin & G. Weber (Ed.), Health and socio-economic status over the life course: First results from SHARE Waves 6 and 7 (pp. 99-106). (degruyter.com)
State2
- South Carolina Educational Television (branded as South Carolina ETV, SCETV or simply ETV) is a state network of PBS member television stations serving the U.S. state of South Carolina. (wikipedia.org)
- It is operated by the South Carolina Educational Television Commission, an agency of the state government which holds the licenses for all of the PBS member stations licensed in the state. (wikipedia.org)