Surgery performed on the digestive system or its parts.
Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
Diseases in any part of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT or the accessory organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).
A group of organs stretching from the MOUTH to the ANUS, serving to breakdown foods, assimilate nutrients, and eliminate waste. In humans, the digestive system includes the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT and the accessory glands (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).
Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM and DENTITION as a whole or of any of its parts.
Properties and processes of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.
Biological actions and events that constitute the functions of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
An abnormal passage communicating between any components of the digestive system, or between any part of the digestive system and surrounding organ(s).
Generally refers to the digestive structures stretching from the MOUTH to ANUS, but does not include the accessory glandular organs (LIVER; BILIARY TRACT; PANCREAS).
A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.
Tumors or cancer of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, from the MOUTH to the ANAL CANAL.
Operations carried out for the correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and cure of certain diseases. (Taber, 18th ed.)
Congenital structural abnormalities of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.
Methods and procedures for the diagnosis of diseases or dysfunction of the digestive system or its organs or demonstration of their physiological processes.
Diseases in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM.
The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE.
A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
An organ of digestion situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen between the termination of the ESOPHAGUS and the beginning of the DUODENUM.
Wormlike or grublike stage, following the egg in the life cycle of insects, worms, and other metamorphosing animals.
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Accumulation of a drug or chemical substance in various organs (including those not relevant to its pharmacologic or therapeutic action). This distribution depends on the blood flow or perfusion rate of the organ, the ability of the drug to penetrate organ membranes, tissue specificity, protein binding. The distribution is usually expressed as tissue to plasma ratios.
Surgery restricted to the management of minor problems and injuries; surgical procedures of relatively slight extent and not in itself hazardous to life. (Dorland, 28th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.
Factors which produce cessation of all vital bodily functions. They can be analyzed from an epidemiologic viewpoint.
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.
An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the digestive tract.
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.
Surgery performed on an outpatient basis. It may be hospital-based or performed in an office or surgicenter.
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
A country spanning from central Asia to the Pacific Ocean.
Procedures that avoid use of open, invasive surgery in favor of closed or local surgery. These generally involve use of laparoscopic devices and remote-control manipulation of instruments with indirect observation of the surgical field through an endoscope or similar device.
Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.
Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders.
Individuals whose ancestral origins are in the southeastern and eastern areas of the Asian continent.
Surgery performed on the heart.
Surgery which could be postponed or not done at all without danger to the patient. Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery.
Procedures used to reconstruct, restore, or improve defective, damaged, or missing structures.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.
Surgery performed on the female genitalia.
A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.
Surgery performed on the ear and its parts, the nose and nasal cavity, or the throat, including surgery of the adenoids, tonsils, pharynx, and trachea.
Surgery performed on the urinary tract or its parts in the male or female. For surgery of the male genitalia, UROLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MALE is available.
Surgery performed on the pregnant woman for conditions associated with pregnancy, labor, or the puerperium. It does not include surgery of the newborn infant.
Surgery performed on the eye or any of its parts.
The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.
The process of breakdown of food for metabolism and use by the body.
Surgery performed on the thoracic organs, most commonly the lungs and the heart.
Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.
Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts and supports basic and applied research for a national program in diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolic diseases; digestive diseases and nutrition; and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases. It was established in 1948.
Surgery performed on the heart or blood vessels.
A specialty in which manual or operative procedures are used in the treatment of disease, injuries, or deformities.
Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Primary laparoscopic-assisted endorectal colon pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease: a new gold standard. (1/793)

OBJECTIVE: To describe the surgical technique and early clinical results after a one-stage laparoscopic-assisted endorectal colon pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Recent trends in surgery for Hirschsprung's disease have been toward earlier repair and fewer surgical stages. A one-stage pull-through for Hirschsprung's disease avoids the additional anesthesia, surgery, and complications of a colostomy. A laparoscopic-assisted approach diminishes surgical trauma to the peritoneal cavity. METHODS: The technique uses four small abdominal ports. The transition zone is initially identified by seromuscular biopsies obtained laparoscopically. A colon pedicle preserving the marginal artery is fashioned endoscopically. The rectal mobilization is performed transanally using an endorectal sleeve technique. The anastomosis is performed transanally 1 cm above the dentate line. This report discusses the outcome of primary laparoscopic pull-through in 80 patients performed at six pediatric surgery centers over the past 5 years. RESULTS: The age at surgery ranged from 3 days to 96 months. The average length of the surgical procedure was 2.5 hours. Almost all of the patients passed stool and flatus within 24 hours of surgery. The average time for discharge after surgery was 3.7 days. All 80 patients are currently alive and well. Most of the children are too young to evaluate for fecal continence, but 18 of the older children have been reported to be continent. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic-assisted colon pull-through appears to reduce perioperative complications and postoperative recovery time dramatically. The technique is quickly learned and has been performed in multiple centers with consistently good results.  (+info)

Gastrointestinal surgical workload in the DGH and the upper gastrointestinal surgeon. (2/793)

Workload implications of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) subspecialisation within the district general hospital (DGH) have been assessed by prospective data collection over a 12-month period in a DGH with six general surgeons serving a population of 320,000. The single UGI surgeon (UGIS) performed all ten oesophageal resections, ten of 11 gastric resections for malignancy and all eight pancreatic operations. He also performed 91 of the 182 cholecystectomies, 164 of the 250 endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograms (ERCP) and all endoscopic procedures for the palliation of unresected oesophageal tumours. The UGIS was responsible for the management of all patients with severe pancreatitis, yet he also performed 51 colorectal resections over the 12-month period. Successful management of severely ill patients with upper GI disease requires consultant supervision on a day-to-day basis. If such UGI disease is to be managed in the DGH, two surgeons with UGI experience will be required if high quality care and reasonable working conditions are to be achieved. Such UGIS will continue to perform some colorectal surgery.  (+info)

Role of the surgical trainee in upper gastrointestinal resectional surgery. (3/793)

The 'New Deal' set out by the Department of Health in 1991, together with the introduction of specialist 6-year training grades by Calman in 1993, has resulted in a decrease in available training time for surgeons in the UK. There is also an emerging belief that surgical procedures performed by trainees might compromise patient outcome. This study examines the level of trainee experience in a specialist gastrointestinal unit and whether operation by a trainee surgeon adversely affects patient outcome. All patients in the University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, undergoing oesophagogastric, hepatic or pancreatic resection between January 1994 and December 1996 were entered into the study. The early clinical outcome (in-hospital mortality and morbidity, considered in three groups: anastomotic leak, other technique-related complications and non-technique-related complications) was evaluated with regard to the grade of surgeon (consultant or trainee) performing the operation. Of the 222 patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal resection during the study period, 100 (45%) were operated on by trainees. Trainees were assisted and closely supervised by consultants in all but six resections. There was no major difference in mortality rate (consultant, 4.1% vs trainee, 5%), incidence of non-technique-related complications (consultant, 6.7% vs trainee, 7.1%), anastomotic leaks (consultant, 10.7% vs trainee, 5%) or technique-related complications (consultant, 18.9% vs trainee, 15%) between the two grades of surgeon. In a specialist unit, the early clinical outcome of patients undergoing major upper gastrointestinal resection by supervised trainees is no worse than in those operated on by consultants. Participation of trainees in such complex procedures enhances surgical training and does not jeopardise patient care.  (+info)

Results of surgical treatment (modified Sugiura-Futagawa operation) of portal hypertension associated to complete splenomesoportal thrombosis and cirrhosis. (4/793)

BACKGROUND: Hemorrhagic portal hypertension, secondary to both intrahepatic and extrahepatic portal hypertension, is an uncommon entity. In this condition, the extrahepatic and the intrahepatic obstruction of the portal vein, due to chronic liver disease, produce a more severe form of hemorrhagic portal hypertension that is more difficult to control. The results of surgical treatment (modified Sugiura-Futagawa operation) in this subset of patients is analyzed. METHODS: Among 714 patients with a history of hemorrhagic portal hypertension, 14 cases were found with histologically proven liver cirrhosis and complete splenomesoportal thrombosis demonstrated by means of preoperative angiography. Patients with incomplete (partial) splenomesoportal thrombosis were excluded. There were nine males and 5 females with a mean age of 51 years. Alcoholic cirrhosis was demonstrated in 50% of the cases, post hepatitic cirrhosis in 28%, primary biliary cirrhosis in 7%, and cryptogenic cirrhosis in 14%. There were nine Child-Pugh A and 5 B cases. All cases were treated by means of our modified Sugiura-Futagawa procedure. RESULTS: Bleeding recurrence from esophagogastric varices was shown in one case, colonic varices in one case and hypertensive gastropathy in another of the survivors. Post operative encephalopathy was shown in 3 of the cases. The thirty-six month survival rate was 30% (Kaplan-Meier). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of intrahepatic plus extrahepatic portal hypertension has a worse prognosis. Treatment options are limited (sclerotherapy and/or devascularization), because shunt surgery, TIPS and liver transplantation have a very restricted role and postoperative outcome is poor.  (+info)

Surgical management of calcified hydatid cysts of the liver. (5/793)

Hydatid disease of the liver is still a major cause of morbidity in Greece. Beside the common complications of rupture and suppuration, calcification of the hepatic cysts represent a not well studied, less frequent and sometimes difficult surgical problem. In the present study 75 cases with calcified symptomatic liver echinococcosis were operated on in the 1st Propedeutic Surgical Clinic between 1964 to 1996. Twenty-eight patients were male and 47 female with ages from 23 to 78 years. The diagnosis was based mainly on the clinical picture and radiological studies. In 5 cases the operative method was cystopericystectomy. We performed evacuation of the cystic cavity and partial pericystectomy and primary closure of the residual cavity in 6 cases, omentoplasty or filling of the residual cavity with a piece of muscle of the diaphragm in 4 cases and external drainage by closed tube, in 60 cases. In 12 of those with drainage, after a period of time, a second operation with easy, removal of most of the calcareous wall plaques was performed. The mortality rate was 2%. Our results could be considered satisfactory. In the calcified parasitic cysts of the liver the proposed technique is cystopericystectomy. An alternative procedure is pericystectomy and drainage with a "planned" reoperation with a bloodless, due to intervening inflammation, chiseling of the calcification.  (+info)

Hospital volume can serve as a surrogate for surgeon volume for achieving excellent outcomes in colorectal resection. (6/793)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of surgeon and hospital case volumes with the short-term outcomes of in-hospital death, total hospital charges, and length of stay for resection of colorectal carcinoma. METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional analysis of all adult patients who underwent resection for colorectal cancer using Maryland state discharge data from 1992 to 1996. Cases were divided into three groups based on annual surgeon case volume--low (< or =5), medium (5 to 10), and high (>10)--and hospital volume--low (<40), medium (40 to 70), and high (> or =70). Poisson and multiple linear regression analyses were used to identify differences in outcomes among volume groups while adjusting for variations in type of resections performed, cancer stage, patient comorbidities, urgency of admission, and patient demographic variables. RESULTS: During the 5-year period, 9739 resections were performed by 812 surgeons at 50 hospitals. The majority of surgeons (81%) and hospitals (58%) were in the low-volume group. The low-volume surgeons operated on 3461 of the 9739 total patients (36%) at an average rate of 1.8 cases per year. Higher surgeon volume was associated with significant improvement in all three outcomes (in-hospital death, length of stay, and cost). Medium-volume surgeons achieved results equivalent to high-volume surgeons when they operated in high- or medium-volume hospitals. CONCLUSIONS: A skewed distribution of case volumes by surgeon was found in this study of patients who underwent resection for large bowel cancer in Maryland. The majority of these surgeons performed very few operations for colorectal cancer per year, whereas a minority performed >10 cases per year. Medium-volume surgeons achieved excellent outcomes similar to high-volume surgeons when operating in medium-volume or high-volume hospitals, but not in low-volume hospitals. The results of low-volume surgeons improved with increasing hospital volume but never equaled those of the high-volume surgeons.  (+info)

Safety and efficacy of low anterior resection for rectal cancer: 681 consecutive cases from a specialty service. (7/793)

OBJECTIVE: To determine perioperative morbidity, survival, and local failure rates in a large group of consecutive patients with rectal cancer undergoing low anterior resection by multiple surgeons on a specialty service. The primary objective was to assess the surgical complications associated with preoperative radiation sequencing. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The goals in the treatment of rectal cancer are cure, local control, and preservation of sphincter, sexual, and bladder function. Surgical resection using sharp perimesorectal dissection is important for achieving these goals. The complications and mortality rate of this surgical strategy, particularly in the setting of preoperative chemoradiation, have not been well defined. METHODS: There were 1233 patients with primary rectal cancer treated at the authors' cancer center from 1987 to 1995. Of these, 681 underwent low anterior resection and/or coloanal anastomosis for primary rectal cancer. The surgical technique used the principles of sharp perimesorectal excision. Morbidity and mortality rates were compared between patients receiving preoperative chemoradiation (Preop RT, n = 150) and those not receiving preoperative chemoradiation (No Preop RT, n = 531). Recurrence and survival data were determined in patients undergoing curative resection (n = 583, 86%) among three groups of patients: those receiving Preop RT (n = 131), those receiving postoperative chemoradiation (Postop RT, n = 110), and those receiving no radiation therapy (No RT, n = 342). RESULTS: The perioperative mortality rate was 0.6% (4/681). Postoperative complications occurred in 22% (153/681). The operative time, estimated blood loss, and rate of pelvic abscess formation without associated leak were higher in the Preop RT group than the No Preop RT group. However, the overall complication rate, rate of wound infection, anastomotic leak, and length of hospital stay were no different between Preop RT and No Preop RT patients. With a median follow-up of 45.6 months, the overall actuarial 5-year recurrence rate for patients undergoing curative resection (n = 583) was 19%, with 4% having local recurrence only, 12% having distant recurrence, and 3% having both local and distant recurrence, for an overall local recurrence rate of 7%. The actuarial 5-year overall survival rate was 81%; the disease-free survival rate was 75% and the local recurrence rate was 10%. The overall survival rate was similar between Preop RT (85%), Postop RT (72%), and No RT (83%) patients (p = 0.10), whereas the disease-free survival rate was significantly worse for Postop RT (65%) patients compared with Preop RT (79%) and No RT (77%) patients (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The use of preoperative chemoradiation results in increased operative time, blood loss, and pelvic abscess formation but does not increase the rate of anastomotic leaks or the length of hospital stay after low anterior resection for rectal cancer. The 5-year actuarial overall survival rate for patients undergoing curative resection exceeded 80%, with a local recurrence rate of 10%.  (+info)

Laparoscopic exploration in the management of retroperitoneal masses. (8/793)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The isolated finding of a retroperitoneal mass (RM) often represents a diagnostic challenge. Image-guided biopsy is frequently inadequate for diagnosis. With increasing experience, the use of laparoscopy for exploration of an indeterminate RM may provide a minimally invasive alternative to open exploration. Herein, we present a retrospective review of our initial four laparoscopic explorations, comparing our experience to four contemporary open explorations for an RM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 1995 to January 1998, four patients, aged 50 to 62 years old, with an RM of undetermined etiology underwent laparoscopic exploration. Another four patients underwent open exploration at the same hospital. The medical records of these patients were reviewed. RESULTS: The tumors were smaller in the laparoscopic group, averaging 3.7 cm (range 2-6 cm) vs 6.5 cm (range 1-10 cm) in the open group. A definitive diagnosis was obtained for all eight patients. Postoperative complications were observed in one of the laparoscopic explorations, and in three of the open explorations; there was no operative mortality. The blood loss (90 vs 440 ml), fall in hematocrit (5.1 vs 7.8%), time to resumption of a regular diet (3 vs 5 days), amount of morphine sulfate equivalents required for analgesia (128 mg vs 161 mg), time to ambulation (2.3 vs 6 days) and hospital stay (4.8 vs 6 days) were all less among the laparoscopy patients. However, the operative time was longer for the laparoscopic procedure; this time included stent placement and patient repositioning in addition to the time for laparoscopic excision of the mass (7.8 vs 4.3 hours). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic exploration appears to be a viable alternative to open exploration in patients presenting with a retroperitoneal mass. It is as effective as an open procedure and provides benefits with regard to patient morbidity and convalescence. However, operative time for this laparoscopic procedure is lengthy.  (+info)

The digestive system is a series of organs that work together to convert food into nutrients and energy. Digestive system surgical procedures involve operations on any part of the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. These procedures can be performed for a variety of reasons, such as to treat diseases, repair damage, or remove cancerous growths.

Some common digestive system surgical procedures include:

1. Gastric bypass surgery: A procedure in which the stomach is divided into two parts and the smaller part is connected directly to the small intestine, bypassing a portion of the stomach and upper small intestine. This procedure is used to treat severe obesity.
2. Colonoscopy: A procedure in which a flexible tube with a camera on the end is inserted into the rectum and colon to examine the lining for polyps, cancer, or other abnormalities.
3. Colectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the colon is removed, often due to cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or diverticulitis.
4. Gastrostomy: A procedure in which a hole is made through the abdominal wall and into the stomach to create an opening for feeding. This is often done for patients who have difficulty swallowing.
5. Esophagectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the esophagus is removed, often due to cancer. The remaining esophagus is then reconnected to the stomach or small intestine.
6. Liver resection: A procedure in which a portion of the liver is removed, often due to cancer or other diseases.
7. Pancreatectomy: A procedure in which all or part of the pancreas is removed, often due to cancer or chronic pancreatitis.
8. Cholecystectomy: A procedure in which the gallbladder is removed, often due to gallstones or inflammation.

These are just a few examples of digestive system surgical procedures. There are many other types of operations that can be performed on the digestive system depending on the specific needs and condition of each patient.

'Digestive System Neoplasms' refer to new and abnormal growths of tissue in the digestive system that can be benign or malignant. These growths are also known as tumors, and they can occur in any part of the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine (colon and rectum), liver, bile ducts, pancreas, and gallbladder. Neoplasms in the digestive system can interfere with normal digestion and absorption of nutrients, cause bleeding, obstruct the digestive tract, and spread to other parts of the body (metastasis) if they are malignant.

Benign neoplasms are not cancerous and do not usually spread to other parts of the body. They can often be removed surgically and may not require further treatment. Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancerous and can invade nearby tissues and organs and spread to other parts of the body. Treatment for malignant neoplasms in the digestive system typically involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

The causes of digestive system neoplasms are varied and include genetic factors, environmental exposures, lifestyle factors (such as diet and smoking), and infectious agents. Prevention strategies may include maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, practicing safe sex, getting vaccinated against certain viral infections, and undergoing regular screenings for certain types of neoplasms (such as colonoscopies for colorectal cancer).

The digestive system, also known as the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is a series of organs that process food and liquids into nutrients and waste. Digestive system diseases refer to any conditions that affect the normal functioning of this system, leading to impaired digestion, absorption, or elimination of food and fluids.

Some common examples of digestive system diseases include:

1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing.
2. Peptic Ulcer Disease: Sores or ulcers that develop in the lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by bacterial infection or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affect the intestines, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits.
5. Celiac Disease: An autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine, impairing nutrient absorption.
6. Diverticular Disease: A condition that affects the colon, characterized by the formation of small pouches or sacs (diverticula) that can become inflamed or infected.
7. Constipation: A common digestive system issue where bowel movements occur less frequently than usual or are difficult to pass.
8. Diarrhea: Loose, watery stools that occur more frequently than normal, often accompanied by cramps and bloating.
9. Gallstones: Small, hard deposits that form in the gallbladder, causing pain, inflammation, and potential blockages of the bile ducts.
10. Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections or toxins, leading to symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain.

These are just a few examples of digestive system disorders that can affect overall health and quality of life. If you experience any persistent or severe digestive symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention from a healthcare professional.

The digestive system is a complex group of organs and glands that process food. It converts the food we eat into nutrients, which the body uses for energy, growth, and cell repair. The digestive system also eliminates waste from the body. It is made up of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) and other organs that help the body break down and absorb food.

The GI tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Other organs that are part of the digestive system include the liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and salivary glands.

The process of digestion begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. The food then travels down the esophagus and into the stomach, where it is broken down further by stomach acids. The digested food then moves into the small intestine, where nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The remaining waste material passes into the large intestine, where it is stored until it is eliminated through the anus.

The liver, pancreas, and gallbladder play important roles in the digestive process as well. The liver produces bile, a substance that helps break down fats in the small intestine. The pancreas produces enzymes that help digest proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. The gallbladder stores bile until it is needed in the small intestine.

Overall, the digestive system is responsible for breaking down food, absorbing nutrients, and eliminating waste. It plays a critical role in maintaining our health and well-being.

The digestive system is a series of organs and glands that work together to break down food into nutrients, which the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair. The process begins in the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva, which contains enzymes that begin breaking down carbohydrates.

The oral physiological phenomena refer to the functions and processes that occur in the mouth during eating and digestion. These include:

1. Ingestion: The process of taking food into the mouth.
2. Mechanical digestion: The physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces by chewing, which increases the surface area for enzymes to act on.
3. Chemical digestion: The chemical breakdown of food molecules into simpler substances that can be absorbed and utilized by the body. In the mouth, this is initiated by salivary amylase, an enzyme found in saliva that breaks down starches into simple sugars.
4. Taste perception: The ability to detect different flavors through specialized taste buds located on the tongue and other areas of the oral cavity.
5. Olfaction: The sense of smell, which contributes to the overall flavor experience by interacting with taste perception in the brain.
6. Salivation: The production of saliva, which helps moisten food, making it easier to swallow, and contains enzymes that begin the digestion process.
7. Protective mechanisms: The mouth has several defense mechanisms to protect against harmful bacteria and other pathogens, such as the flow of saliva, which helps wash away food particles, and the presence of antibacterial compounds in saliva.

The digestive system is a complex network of organs and glands that work together to break down food into nutrients, which are then absorbed and utilized by the body for energy, growth, and cell repair. The physiological phenomena associated with the digestive system include:

1. Ingestion: This is the process of taking in food through the mouth.
2. Mechanical digestion: This involves the physical breakdown of food into smaller pieces through processes such as chewing, churning, and segmentation.
3. Chemical digestion: This involves the chemical breakdown of food molecules into simpler forms that can be absorbed by the body. This is achieved through the action of enzymes produced by the mouth, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine.
4. Motility: This refers to the movement of food through the digestive tract, which is achieved through a series of coordinated muscle contractions called peristalsis.
5. Secretion: This involves the production and release of various digestive juices and enzymes by glands such as the salivary glands, gastric glands, pancreas, and liver.
6. Absorption: This is the process of absorbing nutrients from the digested food into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine.
7. Defecation: This is the final process of eliminating undigested food and waste products from the body through the rectum and anus.

Overall, the coordinated functioning of these physiological phenomena ensures the proper digestion and absorption of nutrients, maintaining the health and well-being of the individual.

The digestive system is a series of organs and glands that work together to break down food into nutrients, absorb those nutrients into the body, and eliminate waste. The following are the main processes involved in the digestive system:

1. Ingestion: This is the process of taking food into the mouth and chewing it to make it easier to swallow.
2. Mechanical digestion: This involves physically breaking down food into smaller pieces through chewing, churning, and segmentation movements of the muscles in the stomach and intestines.
3. Chemical digestion: This is the process of breaking down food molecules into simpler forms that can be absorbed by the body. This is accomplished by enzymes secreted by various glands, including the salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, and small intestine.
4. Absorption: Once food molecules are broken down into simple forms, they are absorbed into the bloodstream through the walls of the small intestine.
5. Distribution: The absorbed nutrients are then distributed to different cells and tissues throughout the body through the circulatory system.
6. Defecation: This is the process of eliminating waste products from the body through the rectum and anus.

Overall, the digestive system plays a critical role in maintaining health and providing the necessary nutrients for the body to function properly.

A digestive system fistula is an abnormal connection or passageway that forms between the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the stomach, small intestine, colon, or rectum, and another organ, tissue, or the skin. Fistulas can develop as a result of injury, surgery, infection, inflammation, or cancer.

In the digestive system, fistulas can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting, and malnutrition. The severity of these symptoms depends on the location and size of the fistula, as well as the underlying cause. Treatment for a digestive system fistula may involve antibiotics to treat infection, nutritional support, and surgical repair of the fistula.

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, also known as the digestive tract, is a continuous tube that starts at the mouth and ends at the anus. It is responsible for ingesting, digesting, absorbing, and excreting food and waste materials. The GI tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum), large intestine (cecum, colon, rectum, anus), and accessory organs such as the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. The primary function of this system is to process and extract nutrients from food while also protecting the body from harmful substances, pathogens, and toxins.

Clemastine is an antihistamine medication that is used to relieve symptoms of allergies, such as runny nose, sneezing, and itchy or watery eyes. It works by blocking the action of histamine, a substance in the body that causes allergic symptoms. Clemastine is available in oral tablet and liquid forms, and is typically taken twice daily with a full glass of water.

Common side effects of clemastine include drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, and upset stomach. It is important to avoid activities that require mental alertness, such as driving or operating heavy machinery, until you know how the medication affects you. Clemastine may also cause dizziness, so it is best to avoid getting up too quickly from a sitting or lying position.

Like all medications, clemastine should be taken only as directed by your healthcare provider. It is important to inform them of any other medications you are taking, as well as any medical conditions you may have, as clemastine can interact with certain drugs and may not be suitable for everyone.

Gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the gastrointestinal tract, which can be benign or malignant. The gastrointestinal tract includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.

Benign neoplasms are non-cancerous growths that do not invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body. They can sometimes be removed completely and may not cause any further health problems.

Malignant neoplasms, on the other hand, are cancerous growths that can invade nearby tissues and organs and spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. These types of neoplasms can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated promptly.

GI neoplasms can cause various symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel habits, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and anemia. The specific symptoms may depend on the location and size of the neoplasm.

There are many types of GI neoplasms, including adenocarcinomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), lymphomas, and neuroendocrine tumors. The diagnosis of GI neoplasms typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies, and biopsy. Treatment options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy.

Operative surgical procedures refer to medical interventions that involve manual manipulation of tissues, structures, or organs in the body, typically performed in an operating room setting under sterile conditions. These procedures are carried out with the use of specialized instruments, such as scalpels, forceps, and scissors, and may require regional or general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and safety.

Operative surgical procedures can range from relatively minor interventions, such as a biopsy or the removal of a small lesion, to more complex and extensive surgeries, such as open heart surgery or total joint replacement. The specific goals of operative surgical procedures may include the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions, the repair or reconstruction of damaged tissues or organs, or the prevention of further disease progression.

Regardless of the type or complexity of the procedure, all operative surgical procedures require careful planning, execution, and postoperative management to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients.

The digestive system is a complex series of organs and glands that process food. Abnormalities in the digestive system can refer to a wide range of conditions that affect any part of the system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder. These abnormalities can be present at birth (congenital) or acquired later in life due to various factors such as infection, inflammation, injury, or disease.

Some examples of digestive system abnormalities include:

1. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A condition where the stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and damage to the esophageal lining.
2. Peptic Ulcers: Open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by bacterial infections or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
3. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
4. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): A functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.
5. Celiac Disease: An autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.
6. Diverticulosis: The presence of small pouches or sacs that form on the lining of the intestine, which can become inflamed or infected (diverticulitis).
7. Hiatal Hernia: A condition where a portion of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm into the chest cavity.
8. Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infections or toxins.
9. Cirrhosis: A chronic liver disease characterized by scarring and loss of liver function, often due to long-term alcohol abuse or hepatitis.
10. Gallstones: Small, hard deposits that form in the gallbladder and can cause pain and inflammation.

These are just a few examples of gastrointestinal disorders, and there are many others. If you are experiencing symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, or difficulty swallowing, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider to determine the cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Diagnostic techniques for the digestive system are medical tests and procedures used to diagnose and evaluate various conditions and diseases related to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and associated organs. These techniques can be categorized into invasive and non-invasive methods.

Non-invasive diagnostic techniques:

1. Imaging tests: These include X-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and ultrasounds. They help visualize the structure and function of the digestive organs without requiring any invasive procedures.
2. Laboratory tests: Blood, stool, and urine samples can be analyzed to detect signs of infection, inflammation, or other abnormalities related to digestive system disorders. Examples include complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests (LFTs), coagulation studies, and fecal occult blood test (FOBT).
3. Breath tests: These are used to diagnose conditions like lactose intolerance, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), or helicobacter pylori infection by analyzing the patient's exhaled air after consuming a specific substance.

Invasive diagnostic techniques:

1. Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a light and camera attached to its end is inserted through the mouth or rectum to directly visualize the GI tract's inner lining. There are different types of endoscopies, such as gastroscopy (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum), colonoscopy (colon and rectum), sigmoidoscopy (lower part of the colon), and enteroscopy (small intestine).
2. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): This combines endoscopy with ultrasound technology to provide detailed images of the digestive organs' structure and surrounding tissues, allowing for accurate diagnosis and staging of conditions like cancer.
3. Biopsy: During an endoscopy or surgery, a small tissue sample can be taken from the affected area for further examination under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis or assess the severity of a condition.
4. Capsule endoscopy: A patient swallows a tiny camera-equipped capsule that transmits images as it passes through the GI tract, allowing doctors to diagnose conditions in the small intestine that may be difficult to reach with traditional endoscopes.
5. Imaging studies: Procedures like computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET) scans can provide detailed images of the digestive organs and help diagnose conditions like tumors, inflammation, or obstructions.

These diagnostic techniques help healthcare providers identify and manage various gastrointestinal conditions, ensuring appropriate treatment and improved patient outcomes.

Gastrointestinal diseases refer to a group of conditions that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which includes the organs from the mouth to the anus, responsible for food digestion, absorption, and elimination of waste. These diseases can affect any part of the GI tract, causing various symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.

Common gastrointestinal diseases include:

1. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms.
2. Peptic ulcers - sores that develop in the lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by bacterial infection or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
3. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) - a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the intestine, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
4. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.
5. Celiac disease - an autoimmune disorder where the ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.
6. Diverticular disease - a condition that affects the colon, causing diverticula (small pouches) to form and potentially become inflamed or infected.
7. Constipation - a common gastrointestinal symptom characterized by infrequent bowel movements, hard stools, and difficulty passing stools.
8. Diarrhea - a common gastrointestinal symptom characterized by loose, watery stools and frequent bowel movements.
9. Food intolerances and allergies - adverse reactions to specific foods or food components that can cause various gastrointestinal symptoms.
10. Gastrointestinal infections - caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi that can lead to a range of symptoms, including diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

The intestines, also known as the bowel, are a part of the digestive system that extends from the stomach to the anus. They are responsible for the further breakdown and absorption of nutrients from food, as well as the elimination of waste products. The intestines can be divided into two main sections: the small intestine and the large intestine.

The small intestine is a long, coiled tube that measures about 20 feet in length and is lined with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which increase its surface area and enhance nutrient absorption. The small intestine is where most of the digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place.

The large intestine, also known as the colon, is a wider tube that measures about 5 feet in length and is responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from digested food, forming stool, and eliminating waste products from the body. The large intestine includes several regions, including the cecum, colon, rectum, and anus.

Together, the intestines play a critical role in maintaining overall health and well-being by ensuring that the body receives the nutrients it needs to function properly.

The pancreas is a glandular organ located in the abdomen, posterior to the stomach. It has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The exocrine portion of the pancreas consists of acinar cells that produce and secrete digestive enzymes into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct. These enzymes help in the breakdown of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats in food.

The endocrine portion of the pancreas consists of clusters of cells called islets of Langerhans, which include alpha, beta, delta, and F cells. These cells produce and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. Insulin and glucagon are critical regulators of blood sugar levels, with insulin promoting glucose uptake and storage in tissues and glucagon stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to raise blood glucose when it is low.

In anatomical terms, the stomach is a muscular, J-shaped organ located in the upper left portion of the abdomen. It is part of the gastrointestinal tract and plays a crucial role in digestion. The stomach's primary functions include storing food, mixing it with digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid to break down proteins, and slowly emptying the partially digested food into the small intestine for further absorption of nutrients.

The stomach is divided into several regions, including the cardia (the area nearest the esophagus), the fundus (the upper portion on the left side), the body (the main central part), and the pylorus (the narrowed region leading to the small intestine). The inner lining of the stomach, called the mucosa, is protected by a layer of mucus that prevents the digestive juices from damaging the stomach tissue itself.

In medical contexts, various conditions can affect the stomach, such as gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), peptic ulcers (sores in the stomach or duodenum), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and stomach cancer. Symptoms related to the stomach may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, and difficulty swallowing.

A larva is a distinct stage in the life cycle of various insects, mites, and other arthropods during which they undergo significant metamorphosis before becoming adults. In a medical context, larvae are known for their role in certain parasitic infections. Specifically, some helminth (parasitic worm) species use larval forms to infect human hosts. These invasions may lead to conditions such as cutaneous larva migrans, visceral larva migrans, or gnathostomiasis, depending on the specific parasite involved and the location of the infection within the body.

The larval stage is characterized by its markedly different morphology and behavior compared to the adult form. Larvae often have a distinct appearance, featuring unsegmented bodies, simple sense organs, and undeveloped digestive systems. They are typically adapted for a specific mode of life, such as free-living or parasitic existence, and rely on external sources of nutrition for their development.

In the context of helminth infections, larvae may be transmitted to humans through various routes, including ingestion of contaminated food or water, direct skin contact with infective stages, or transmission via an intermediate host (such as a vector). Once inside the human body, these parasitic larvae can cause tissue damage and provoke immune responses, leading to the clinical manifestations of disease.

It is essential to distinguish between the medical definition of 'larva' and its broader usage in biology and zoology. In those fields, 'larva' refers to any juvenile form that undergoes metamorphosis before reaching adulthood, regardless of whether it is parasitic or not.

In the field of medicine, "time factors" refer to the duration of symptoms or time elapsed since the onset of a medical condition, which can have significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. Understanding time factors is crucial in determining the progression of a disease, evaluating the effectiveness of treatments, and making critical decisions regarding patient care.

For example, in stroke management, "time is brain," meaning that rapid intervention within a specific time frame (usually within 4.5 hours) is essential to administering tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), a clot-busting drug that can minimize brain damage and improve patient outcomes. Similarly, in trauma care, the "golden hour" concept emphasizes the importance of providing definitive care within the first 60 minutes after injury to increase survival rates and reduce morbidity.

Time factors also play a role in monitoring the progression of chronic conditions like diabetes or heart disease, where regular follow-ups and assessments help determine appropriate treatment adjustments and prevent complications. In infectious diseases, time factors are crucial for initiating antibiotic therapy and identifying potential outbreaks to control their spread.

Overall, "time factors" encompass the significance of recognizing and acting promptly in various medical scenarios to optimize patient outcomes and provide effective care.

Tissue distribution, in the context of pharmacology and toxicology, refers to the way that a drug or xenobiotic (a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced by or expected to be present within that organism) is distributed throughout the body's tissues after administration. It describes how much of the drug or xenobiotic can be found in various tissues and organs, and is influenced by factors such as blood flow, lipid solubility, protein binding, and the permeability of cell membranes. Understanding tissue distribution is important for predicting the potential effects of a drug or toxin on different parts of the body, and for designing drugs with improved safety and efficacy profiles.

Minor surgical procedures are defined as surgical interventions that are relatively simple, performed using local anesthesia or conscious sedation, and have minimal impact on the patient's overall health. These procedures typically involve a small incision, excision, or removal of tissue, and may be performed in a variety of settings, including physician offices, clinics, or ambulatory surgery centers. Examples of minor surgical procedures include:

1. Excision of skin lesions (e.g., moles, cysts, lipomas)
2. Incision and drainage of abscesses
3. Removal of foreign bodies from the skin or soft tissues
4. Repair of simple lacerations or wounds
5. Insertion of ear tubes for recurrent otitis media (ear infections)
6. Biopsy of superficial tissue or organs
7. Cauterization of bleeding vessels
8. Cryotherapy for the removal of warts or other benign growths
9. Injection of therapeutic agents into joints or soft tissues
10. Placement of peripheral intravenous catheters or central lines in certain cases.

While these procedures are considered minor, they still require careful planning, sterile technique, and postoperative care to minimize complications and ensure optimal outcomes for patients.

Postoperative complications refer to any unfavorable condition or event that occurs during the recovery period after a surgical procedure. These complications can vary in severity and may include, but are not limited to:

1. Infection: This can occur at the site of the incision or inside the body, such as pneumonia or urinary tract infection.
2. Bleeding: Excessive bleeding (hemorrhage) can lead to a drop in blood pressure and may require further surgical intervention.
3. Blood clots: These can form in the deep veins of the legs (deep vein thrombosis) and can potentially travel to the lungs (pulmonary embolism).
4. Wound dehiscence: This is when the surgical wound opens up, which can lead to infection and further complications.
5. Pulmonary issues: These include atelectasis (collapsed lung), pneumonia, or respiratory failure.
6. Cardiovascular problems: These include abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias), heart attack, or stroke.
7. Renal failure: This can occur due to various reasons such as dehydration, blood loss, or the use of certain medications.
8. Pain management issues: Inadequate pain control can lead to increased stress, anxiety, and decreased mobility.
9. Nausea and vomiting: These can be caused by anesthesia, opioid pain medication, or other factors.
10. Delirium: This is a state of confusion and disorientation that can occur in the elderly or those with certain medical conditions.

Prompt identification and management of these complications are crucial to ensure the best possible outcome for the patient.

The "cause of death" is a medical determination of the disease, injury, or event that directly results in a person's death. This information is typically documented on a death certificate and may be used for public health surveillance, research, and legal purposes. The cause of death is usually determined by a physician based on their clinical judgment and any available medical evidence, such as laboratory test results, autopsy findings, or eyewitness accounts. In some cases, the cause of death may be uncertain or unknown, and the death may be classified as "natural," "accidental," "homicide," or "suicide" based on the available information.

Treatment outcome is a term used to describe the result or effect of medical treatment on a patient's health status. It can be measured in various ways, such as through symptoms improvement, disease remission, reduced disability, improved quality of life, or survival rates. The treatment outcome helps healthcare providers evaluate the effectiveness of a particular treatment plan and make informed decisions about future care. It is also used in clinical research to compare the efficacy of different treatments and improve patient care.

Stomach neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the stomach that can be benign or malignant. They include a wide range of conditions such as:

1. Gastric adenomas: These are benign tumors that develop from glandular cells in the stomach lining.
2. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): These are rare tumors that can be found in the stomach and other parts of the digestive tract. They originate from the stem cells in the wall of the digestive tract.
3. Leiomyomas: These are benign tumors that develop from smooth muscle cells in the stomach wall.
4. Lipomas: These are benign tumors that develop from fat cells in the stomach wall.
5. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): These are tumors that develop from the neuroendocrine cells in the stomach lining. They can be benign or malignant.
6. Gastric carcinomas: These are malignant tumors that develop from the glandular cells in the stomach lining. They are the most common type of stomach neoplasm and include adenocarcinomas, signet ring cell carcinomas, and others.
7. Lymphomas: These are malignant tumors that develop from the immune cells in the stomach wall.

Stomach neoplasms can cause various symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and difficulty swallowing. The diagnosis of stomach neoplasms usually involves a combination of imaging tests, endoscopy, and biopsy. Treatment options depend on the type and stage of the neoplasm and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or targeted therapy.

Medical Definition:

"Risk factors" are any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury. They can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Modifiable risk factors are those that can be changed through lifestyle choices or medical treatment, while non-modifiable risk factors are inherent traits such as age, gender, or genetic predisposition. Examples of modifiable risk factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, while non-modifiable risk factors include age, sex, and family history. It is important to note that having a risk factor does not guarantee that a person will develop the disease, but rather indicates an increased susceptibility.

Neoplasms are abnormal growths of cells or tissues in the body that serve no physiological function. They can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Benign neoplasms are typically slow growing and do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant neoplasms are aggressive, invasive, and can metastasize to distant sites.

Neoplasms occur when there is a dysregulation in the normal process of cell division and differentiation, leading to uncontrolled growth and accumulation of cells. This can result from genetic mutations or other factors such as viral infections, environmental exposures, or hormonal imbalances.

Neoplasms can develop in any organ or tissue of the body and can cause various symptoms depending on their size, location, and type. Treatment options for neoplasms include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, among others.

Retrospective studies, also known as retrospective research or looking back studies, are a type of observational study that examines data from the past to draw conclusions about possible causal relationships between risk factors and outcomes. In these studies, researchers analyze existing records, medical charts, or previously collected data to test a hypothesis or answer a specific research question.

Retrospective studies can be useful for generating hypotheses and identifying trends, but they have limitations compared to prospective studies, which follow participants forward in time from exposure to outcome. Retrospective studies are subject to biases such as recall bias, selection bias, and information bias, which can affect the validity of the results. Therefore, retrospective studies should be interpreted with caution and used primarily to generate hypotheses for further testing in prospective studies.

Endoscopy of the digestive system, also known as gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, is a medical procedure that allows healthcare professionals to visually examine the inside lining of the digestive tract using a flexible tube with a light and camera attached to it, called an endoscope. This procedure can help diagnose and treat various conditions affecting the digestive system, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and cancer.

There are several types of endoscopy procedures that focus on different parts of the digestive tract:

1. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD): This procedure examines the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). It is often used to investigate symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, abdominal pain, or bleeding in the upper GI tract.
2. Colonoscopy: This procedure explores the large intestine (colon) and rectum. It is commonly performed to screen for colon cancer, as well as to diagnose and treat conditions like inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulosis, or polyps.
3. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy, this procedure examines the lower part of the colon (sigmoid colon) and rectum. It is often used as a screening tool for colon cancer and to investigate symptoms like rectal bleeding or changes in bowel habits.
4. Upper GI endoscopy: This procedure focuses on the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, using a thin, flexible tube with a light and camera attached to it. It is used to diagnose and treat conditions such as GERD, ulcers, and difficulty swallowing.
5. Capsule endoscopy: This procedure involves swallowing a small capsule containing a camera that captures images of the digestive tract as it passes through. It can help diagnose conditions in the small intestine that may be difficult to reach with traditional endoscopes.

Endoscopy is typically performed under sedation or anesthesia to ensure patient comfort during the procedure. The images captured by the endoscope are displayed on a monitor, allowing the healthcare provider to assess the condition of the digestive tract and make informed treatment decisions.

Liver neoplasms refer to abnormal growths in the liver that can be benign or malignant. Benign liver neoplasms are non-cancerous tumors that do not spread to other parts of the body, while malignant liver neoplasms are cancerous tumors that can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and spread to other organs.

Liver neoplasms can be primary, meaning they originate in the liver, or secondary, meaning they have metastasized (spread) to the liver from another part of the body. Primary liver neoplasms can be further classified into different types based on their cell of origin and behavior, including hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and hepatic hemangioma.

The diagnosis of liver neoplasms typically involves a combination of imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, and biopsy to confirm the type and stage of the tumor. Treatment options depend on the type and extent of the neoplasm and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or liver transplantation.

Ambulatory surgical procedures, also known as outpatient or same-day surgery, refer to medical operations that do not require an overnight hospital stay. These procedures are typically performed in a specialized ambulatory surgery center (ASC) or in a hospital-based outpatient department. Patients undergoing ambulatory surgical procedures receive anesthesia, undergo the operation, and recover enough to be discharged home on the same day of the procedure.

Examples of common ambulatory surgical procedures include:

1. Arthroscopy (joint scope examination and repair)
2. Cataract surgery
3. Colonoscopy and upper endoscopy
4. Dental surgery, such as wisdom tooth extraction
5. Gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy)
6. Hernia repair
7. Hysteroscopy (examination of the uterus)
8. Minor skin procedures, like biopsies and lesion removals
9. Orthopedic procedures, such as carpal tunnel release or joint injections
10. Pain management procedures, including epidural steroid injections and nerve blocks
11. Podiatric (foot and ankle) surgery
12. Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy

Advancements in medical technology, minimally invasive surgical techniques, and improved anesthesia methods have contributed to the growth of ambulatory surgical procedures, offering patients a more convenient and cost-effective alternative to traditional inpatient surgeries.

Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.

I am not aware of a specific medical definition for the term "China." Generally, it is used to refer to:

1. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which is a country in East Asia. It is the most populous country in the world and the fourth largest by geographical area. Its capital city is Beijing.
2. In a historical context, "China" was used to refer to various dynasties and empires that existed in East Asia over thousands of years. The term "Middle Kingdom" or "Zhongguo" (中国) has been used by the Chinese people to refer to their country for centuries.
3. In a more general sense, "China" can also be used to describe products or goods that originate from or are associated with the People's Republic of China.

If you have a specific context in which you encountered the term "China" related to medicine, please provide it so I can give a more accurate response.

Minimally invasive surgical procedures are a type of surgery that is performed with the assistance of specialized equipment and techniques to minimize trauma to the patient's body. This approach aims to reduce blood loss, pain, and recovery time as compared to traditional open surgeries. The most common minimally invasive surgical procedure is laparoscopy, which involves making small incisions (usually 0.5-1 cm) in the abdomen or chest and inserting a thin tube with a camera (laparoscope) to visualize the internal organs.

The surgeon then uses long, slender instruments inserted through separate incisions to perform the necessary surgical procedures, such as cutting, coagulation, or suturing. Other types of minimally invasive surgical procedures include arthroscopy (for joint surgery), thoracoscopy (for chest surgery), and hysteroscopy (for uterine surgery). The benefits of minimally invasive surgical procedures include reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, quicker return to normal activities, and improved cosmetic results. However, not all surgeries can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, and the suitability of a particular procedure depends on various factors, including the patient's overall health, the nature and extent of the surgical problem, and the surgeon's expertise.

Oral surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries performed in the oral cavity and maxillofacial region, which includes the mouth, jaws, face, and skull. These procedures are typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, who are dental specialists with extensive training in surgical procedures involving the mouth, jaws, and face.

Some common examples of oral surgical procedures include:

1. Tooth extractions: This involves removing a tooth that is damaged beyond repair or causing problems for the surrounding teeth. Wisdom tooth removal is a common type of tooth extraction.
2. Dental implant placement: This procedure involves placing a small titanium post in the jawbone to serve as a replacement root for a missing tooth. A dental crown is then attached to the implant, creating a natural-looking and functional replacement tooth.
3. Jaw surgery: Also known as orthognathic surgery, this procedure involves repositioning the jaws to correct bite problems or facial asymmetry.
4. Biopsy: This procedure involves removing a small sample of tissue from the oral cavity for laboratory analysis, often to diagnose suspicious lesions or growths.
5. Lesion removal: This procedure involves removing benign or malignant growths from the oral cavity, such as tumors or cysts.
6. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery: This procedure involves treating disorders of the TMJ, which connects the jawbone to the skull and allows for movement when eating, speaking, and yawning.
7. Facial reconstruction: This procedure involves rebuilding or reshaping the facial bones after trauma, cancer surgery, or other conditions that affect the face.

Overall, oral surgical procedures are an important part of dental and medical care, helping to diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions affecting the mouth, jaws, and face.

Vascular surgical procedures are operations that are performed to treat conditions and diseases related to the vascular system, which includes the arteries, veins, and capillaries. These procedures can be invasive or minimally invasive and are often used to treat conditions such as peripheral artery disease, carotid artery stenosis, aortic aneurysms, and venous insufficiency.

Some examples of vascular surgical procedures include:

* Endarterectomy: a procedure to remove plaque buildup from the inside of an artery
* Bypass surgery: creating a new path for blood to flow around a blocked or narrowed artery
* Angioplasty and stenting: using a balloon to open a narrowed artery and placing a stent to keep it open
* Aneurysm repair: surgically repairing an aneurysm, a weakened area in the wall of an artery that has bulged out and filled with blood
* Embolectomy: removing a blood clot from a blood vessel
* Thrombectomy: removing a blood clot from a vein

These procedures are typically performed by vascular surgeons, who are trained in the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases.

The term "Asian Continental Ancestry Group" is a medical/ethnic classification used to describe a person's genetic background and ancestry. According to this categorization, individuals with origins in the Asian continent are grouped together. This includes populations from regions such as East Asia (e.g., China, Japan, Korea), South Asia (e.g., India, Pakistan, Bangladesh), Southeast Asia (e.g., Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand), and Central Asia (e.g., Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan). It is important to note that this broad categorization may not fully capture the genetic diversity within these regions or accurately reflect an individual's specific ancestral origins.

Cardiac surgical procedures are operations that are performed on the heart or great vessels (the aorta and vena cava) by cardiothoracic surgeons. These surgeries are often complex and require a high level of skill and expertise. Some common reasons for cardiac surgical procedures include:

1. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): This is a surgery to improve blood flow to the heart in patients with coronary artery disease. During the procedure, a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body is used to create a detour around the blocked or narrowed portion of the coronary artery.
2. Valve repair or replacement: The heart has four valves that control blood flow through and out of the heart. If one or more of these valves become damaged or diseased, they may need to be repaired or replaced. This can be done using artificial valves or valves from animal or human donors.
3. Aneurysm repair: An aneurysm is a weakened area in the wall of an artery that can bulge out and potentially rupture. If an aneurysm occurs in the aorta, it may require surgical repair to prevent rupture.
4. Heart transplantation: In some cases, heart failure may be so severe that a heart transplant is necessary. This involves removing the diseased heart and replacing it with a healthy donor heart.
5. Arrhythmia surgery: Certain types of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) may require surgical treatment. One such procedure is called the Maze procedure, which involves creating a pattern of scar tissue in the heart to disrupt the abnormal electrical signals that cause the arrhythmia.
6. Congenital heart defect repair: Some people are born with structural problems in their hearts that require surgical correction. These may include holes between the chambers of the heart or abnormal blood vessels.

Cardiac surgical procedures carry risks, including bleeding, infection, stroke, and death. However, for many patients, these surgeries can significantly improve their quality of life and longevity.

Elective surgical procedures are operations that are scheduled in advance because they do not involve a medical emergency. These surgeries are chosen or "elective" based on the patient's and doctor's decision to improve the patient's quality of life or to treat a non-life-threatening condition. Examples include but are not limited to:

1. Aesthetic or cosmetic surgery such as breast augmentation, rhinoplasty, etc.
2. Orthopedic surgeries like knee or hip replacements
3. Cataract surgery
4. Some types of cancer surgeries where the tumor is not spreading or causing severe symptoms
5. Gastric bypass for weight loss

It's important to note that while these procedures are planned, they still require thorough preoperative evaluation and preparation, and carry risks and benefits that need to be carefully considered by both the patient and the healthcare provider.

Reconstructive surgical procedures are a type of surgery aimed at restoring the form and function of body parts that are defective or damaged due to various reasons such as congenital abnormalities, trauma, infection, tumors, or disease. These procedures can involve the transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another, manipulation of bones, muscles, and tendons, or use of prosthetic materials to reconstruct the affected area. The goal is to improve both the physical appearance and functionality of the body part, thereby enhancing the patient's quality of life. Examples include breast reconstruction after mastectomy, cleft lip and palate repair, and treatment of severe burns.

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.

Gynecologic surgical procedures refer to the operations that are performed on the female reproductive system and related organs. These surgeries can be either minimally invasive or open procedures, depending on the condition and the patient's health status.

The indications for gynecologic surgical procedures may include but are not limited to:

1. Diagnosis and treatment of various benign and malignant conditions such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometriosis, and cancers of the reproductive organs.
2. Management of abnormal uterine bleeding, pelvic pain, and infertility.
3. Treatment of ectopic pregnancies and miscarriages.
4. Pelvic organ prolapse repair.
5. Sterilization procedures such as tubal ligation.
6. Investigation and treatment of suspicious lesions or abnormal Pap smears.

Some common gynecologic surgical procedures include hysterectomy (removal of the uterus), oophorectomy (removal of the ovary), salpingectomy (removal of the fallopian tube), cystectomy (removal of a cyst), myomectomy (removal of fibroids while preserving the uterus), and endometrial ablation (destruction of the lining of the uterus).

Minimally invasive surgical techniques such as laparoscopy and hysteroscopy have gained popularity in recent years due to their advantages over traditional open surgeries, including smaller incisions, less postoperative pain, quicker recovery times, and reduced risk of complications.

Genetic predisposition to disease refers to an increased susceptibility or vulnerability to develop a particular illness or condition due to inheriting specific genetic variations or mutations from one's parents. These genetic factors can make it more likely for an individual to develop a certain disease, but it does not guarantee that the person will definitely get the disease. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and interactions between genes also play crucial roles in determining if a genetically predisposed person will actually develop the disease. It is essential to understand that having a genetic predisposition only implies a higher risk, not an inevitable outcome.

Otorhinolaryngologic surgical procedures are surgeries that are performed on the head and neck region, specifically involving the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) regions. This field is also known as otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. The procedures can range from relatively minor ones, such as removing a small nasal polyp or inserting ear tubes, to more complex surgeries like cochlear implantation, endoscopic sinus surgery, or removal of tumors in the head and neck region. These surgical procedures are typically performed by specialized physicians called otorhinolaryngologists (also known as ENT surgeons) who have completed extensive training in this area.

Urologic surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries that are performed on the urinary system and male reproductive system. These surgeries can be invasive (requiring an incision) or minimally invasive (using small incisions or scopes). They may be performed to treat a range of conditions, including but not limited to:

1. Kidney stones: Procedures such as shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are used to remove or break up kidney stones.
2. Urinary tract obstructions: Surgeries like pyeloplasty and urethral dilation can be done to correct blockages in the urinary tract.
3. Prostate gland issues: Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), simple prostatectomy, and robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy are some procedures used for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer.
4. Bladder problems: Procedures such as cystectomy (removal of the bladder), bladder augmentation, and implantation of an artificial urinary sphincter can be done for conditions like bladder cancer or incontinence.
5. Kidney diseases: Nephrectomy (removal of a kidney) may be necessary for severe kidney damage or cancer.
6. Testicular issues: Orchiectomy (removal of one or both testicles) can be performed for testicular cancer.
7. Pelvic organ prolapse: Surgeries like sacrocolpopexy and vaginal vault suspension can help correct this condition in women.

These are just a few examples; there are many other urologic surgical procedures available to treat various conditions affecting the urinary and reproductive systems.

Obstetric surgical procedures are operations that are performed on the female reproductive system during pregnancy, labor, delivery, or after childbirth to address various medical conditions and complications. Some common obstetric surgical procedures include:

1. Cesarean section (C-section): A surgical delivery of a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus.
2. Induction of labor: The use of medication or other methods to stimulate labor.
3. Dilation and curettage (D&C): A procedure to remove tissue from the uterus using a thin, sharp instrument called a curette.
4. Hysterectomy: The surgical removal of the uterus.
5. Myomectomy: The surgical removal of fibroids, which are noncancerous growths in the muscular wall of the uterus.
6. Ovarian cystectomy: The surgical removal of a cyst from the ovary.
7. Tubal ligation: A permanent form of birth control in which the fallopian tubes are tied, cut, or sealed to prevent pregnancy.
8. Ectopic pregnancy surgery: Removal of an ectopic pregnancy, which is a pregnancy that develops outside of the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube.

These procedures may be necessary to save the life of the mother or baby, to treat medical conditions, or to prevent future complications. They should only be performed by trained medical professionals in a hospital setting.

Ophthalmologic surgical procedures refer to various types of surgeries performed on the eye and its surrounding structures by trained medical professionals called ophthalmologists. These procedures aim to correct or improve vision, diagnose and treat eye diseases or injuries, and enhance the overall health and functionality of the eye. Some common examples of ophthalmologic surgical procedures include:

1. Cataract Surgery: This procedure involves removing a cloudy lens (cataract) from the eye and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL).
2. LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis): A type of refractive surgery that uses a laser to reshape the cornea, correcting nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.
3. Glaucoma Surgery: Several surgical options are available for treating glaucoma, including laser trabeculoplasty, traditional trabeculectomy, and various drainage device implantations. These procedures aim to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and prevent further optic nerve damage.
4. Corneal Transplant: This procedure involves replacing a damaged or diseased cornea with a healthy donor cornea to restore vision and improve the eye's appearance.
5. Vitreoretinal Surgery: These procedures focus on treating issues within the vitreous humor (gel-like substance filling the eye) and the retina, such as retinal detachment, macular holes, or diabetic retinopathy.
6. Strabismus Surgery: This procedure aims to correct misalignment of the eyes (strabismus) by adjusting the muscles responsible for eye movement.
7. Oculoplastic Surgery: These procedures involve reconstructive, cosmetic, and functional surgeries around the eye, such as eyelid repair, removal of tumors, or orbital fracture repairs.
8. Pediatric Ophthalmologic Procedures: Various surgical interventions are performed on children to treat conditions like congenital cataracts, amblyopia (lazy eye), or blocked tear ducts.

These are just a few examples of ophthalmic surgical procedures. The specific treatment plan will depend on the individual's condition and overall health.

Genetic polymorphism refers to the occurrence of multiple forms (called alleles) of a particular gene within a population. These variations in the DNA sequence do not generally affect the function or survival of the organism, but they can contribute to differences in traits among individuals. Genetic polymorphisms can be caused by single nucleotide changes (SNPs), insertions or deletions of DNA segments, or other types of genetic rearrangements. They are important for understanding genetic diversity and evolution, as well as for identifying genetic factors that may contribute to disease susceptibility in humans.

Digestion is the complex process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by the body for energy, growth, and cell repair. This process involves both mechanical and chemical actions that occur in the digestive system, which includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and accessory organs such as the pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.

The different stages of digestion are:

1. Ingestion: This is the first step in digestion, where food is taken into the mouth.
2. Mechanical digestion: This involves physically breaking down food into smaller pieces through chewing, churning, and mixing with digestive enzymes.
3. Chemical digestion: This involves breaking down food molecules into simpler forms using various enzymes and chemicals produced by the digestive system.
4. Absorption: Once the food is broken down into simple molecules, they are absorbed through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream and transported to different parts of the body.
5. Elimination: The undigested material that remains after absorption is moved through the large intestine and eliminated from the body as feces.

The process of digestion is essential for maintaining good health, as it provides the necessary nutrients and energy required for various bodily functions.

Thoracic surgical procedures refer to the operations that are performed on the thorax, which is the part of the body that lies between the neck and the abdomen and includes the chest cage, lungs, heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, diaphragm, and other organs in the chest cavity. These surgical procedures can be either open or minimally invasive (using small incisions and specialized instruments) and are performed to diagnose, treat, or manage various medical conditions affecting the thoracic organs, such as:

1. Lung cancer: Thoracic surgeons perform lung resections (lobectomy, segmentectomy, wedge resection) to remove cancerous lung tissue. They may also perform mediastinal lymph node dissection to assess the spread of the disease.
2. Esophageal surgery: Surgeries like esophagectomy are performed to treat esophageal cancer or other conditions affecting the esophagus, such as severe GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease).
3. Chest wall surgery: This includes procedures to repair or replace damaged ribs, sternum, or chest wall muscles and treat conditions like pectus excavatum or tumors in the chest wall.
4. Heart surgery: Thoracic surgeons collaborate with cardiac surgeons to perform surgeries on the heart, such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), valve repair/replacement, and procedures for treating aneurysms or dissections of the aorta.
5. Diaphragm surgery: Procedures like diaphragm plication are performed to treat paralysis or weakness of the diaphragm that can lead to respiratory insufficiency.
6. Mediastinal surgery: This involves operating on the mediastinum, the area between the lungs, to remove tumors, cysts, or other abnormal growths.
7. Pleural surgery: Procedures like pleurodesis or decortication are performed to manage conditions affecting the pleura (the membrane surrounding the lungs), such as pleural effusions, pneumothorax, or empyema.
8. Lung surgery: Thoracic surgeons perform procedures on the lungs, including lobectomy, segmentectomy, or pneumonectomy to treat lung cancer, benign tumors, or other lung diseases.
9. Tracheal surgery: This includes procedures to repair or reconstruct damaged trachea or remove tumors and growths in the airway.
10. Esophageal surgery: Collaborating with general surgeons, thoracic surgeons perform esophagectomy and other procedures to treat esophageal cancer, benign tumors, or other conditions affecting the esophagus.

Follow-up studies are a type of longitudinal research that involve repeated observations or measurements of the same variables over a period of time, in order to understand their long-term effects or outcomes. In medical context, follow-up studies are often used to evaluate the safety and efficacy of medical treatments, interventions, or procedures.

In a typical follow-up study, a group of individuals (called a cohort) who have received a particular treatment or intervention are identified and then followed over time through periodic assessments or data collection. The data collected may include information on clinical outcomes, adverse events, changes in symptoms or functional status, and other relevant measures.

The results of follow-up studies can provide important insights into the long-term benefits and risks of medical interventions, as well as help to identify factors that may influence treatment effectiveness or patient outcomes. However, it is important to note that follow-up studies can be subject to various biases and limitations, such as loss to follow-up, recall bias, and changes in clinical practice over time, which must be carefully considered when interpreting the results.

Cardiovascular surgical procedures refer to a range of surgeries performed on the heart and blood vessels to treat or manage various cardiovascular conditions. These surgeries can be open or minimally invasive, and they aim to correct structural abnormalities, improve blood flow, or replace damaged or diseased parts of the cardiovascular system.

Some common types of cardiovascular surgical procedures include:

1. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG): This surgery involves taking a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body and using it to create a detour around a blocked or narrowed coronary artery, improving blood flow to the heart muscle.
2. Heart valve repair or replacement: When one or more heart valves become damaged or diseased, they may not open or close properly, leading to reduced blood flow or leakage of blood backward through the valve. In these cases, surgeons may repair or replace the affected valve with a mechanical or biological prosthetic valve.
3. Aneurysm repair: An aneurysm is a weakened area in the wall of an artery that can bulge and potentially rupture, causing severe bleeding. Surgeons can repair an aneurysm by reinforcing the weakened area with a graft or by replacing the affected section of the blood vessel.
4. Heart transplant: In cases where heart failure is irreversible and all other treatment options have been exhausted, a heart transplant may be necessary. This procedure involves removing the damaged heart and replacing it with a healthy donor heart.
5. Ventricular assist devices (VADs): These are mechanical pumps that can be implanted to help support heart function in patients with advanced heart failure who are not candidates for heart transplants. VADs can help improve blood flow, reduce symptoms, and increase the patient's quality of life.
6. Minimally invasive procedures: Advances in technology have led to the development of several minimally invasive cardiovascular surgical procedures, such as robotic-assisted heart surgery, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), and transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). These techniques typically involve smaller incisions, reduced blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times compared to traditional open-heart surgeries.

General surgery is a surgical specialty that focuses on the abdominal organs, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts, and often the thyroid gland. General surgeons may also deal with diseases involving the skin, breast, soft tissue, and hernias. They employ a wide range of surgical procedures, using both traditional and laparoscopic techniques.

This definition is consistent with the guidelines provided by professional medical organizations such as the American College of Surgeons and the Royal College of Surgeons. However, it's important to note that specific practices can vary based on factors like geographical location, training, and individual expertise.

Preoperative care refers to the series of procedures, interventions, and preparations that are conducted before a surgical operation. The primary goal of preoperative care is to ensure the patient's well-being, optimize their physical condition, reduce potential risks, and prepare them mentally and emotionally for the upcoming surgery.

Preoperative care typically includes:

1. Preoperative assessment: A thorough evaluation of the patient's overall health status, including medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and diagnostic imaging, to identify any potential risk factors or comorbidities that may impact the surgical procedure and postoperative recovery.
2. Informed consent: The process of ensuring the patient understands the nature of the surgery, its purpose, associated risks, benefits, and alternative treatment options. The patient signs a consent form indicating they have been informed and voluntarily agree to undergo the surgery.
3. Preoperative instructions: Guidelines provided to the patient regarding their diet, medication use, and other activities in the days leading up to the surgery. These instructions may include fasting guidelines, discontinuing certain medications, or arranging for transportation after the procedure.
4. Anesthesia consultation: A meeting with the anesthesiologist to discuss the type of anesthesia that will be used during the surgery and address any concerns related to anesthesia risks, side effects, or postoperative pain management.
5. Preparation of the surgical site: Cleaning and shaving the area where the incision will be made, as well as administering appropriate antimicrobial agents to minimize the risk of infection.
6. Medical optimization: Addressing any underlying medical conditions or correcting abnormalities that may negatively impact the surgical outcome. This may involve adjusting medications, treating infections, or managing chronic diseases such as diabetes.
7. Emotional and psychological support: Providing counseling, reassurance, and education to help alleviate anxiety, fear, or emotional distress related to the surgery.
8. Preoperative holding area: The patient is transferred to a designated area near the operating room where they are prepared for surgery by changing into a gown, having intravenous (IV) lines inserted, and receiving monitoring equipment.

By following these preoperative care guidelines, healthcare professionals aim to ensure that patients undergo safe and successful surgical procedures with optimal outcomes.

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Digestive system surgery, Surgical removal procedures). ... Lastly, this procedure is post-operatively associated with ... A gastrectomy is a partial or total surgical removal of the stomach. Gastrectomies are performed to treat stomach cancer and ... If there is a sufficient portion of the upper duodenum remaining a Billroth I procedure is performed, where the remaining ... Finsterer-Hofmeister operation List of surgeries by type Roux-en-Y Sleeve gastrectomy Lahey Clinic (1941). Surgical Practice of ...
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Surgical removal procedures, Digestive system surgery, All stub articles, Surgery stubs). ... For lower down tumours in the middle and lower third of the rectum a new procedure has been developed known as Transanal-Total ... Total mesorectal excision (TME) is a standard surgical technique for treatment of rectal cancer, first described in 1982 by ... The perceived benefits of this technique may include ease of procedure due to better views, decreased operative time and ...
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Abdominal surgical procedures, Digestive system surgery, Endoscopy). ... Surgical repair is carried out through an incision in the abdomen. After locating the pseudocyst, it is attached to the wall of ... Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A. 20 (9): 761-766. doi:10.1089/lap.2009.0421. PMID 20874414. Elechi EN, Callender CO, ... "Equal efficacy of endoscopic and surgical cystogastrostomy for pancreatic pseudocyst drainage in a randomized trial". ...
Digestive system surgery, Medical procedures, Surgical removal procedures). ... Cancer patients' condition is also considered when making surgical decisions. Other surgeries can manage GOO. Surgical ... Two surgical methods can then be used to perform antrectomy: Billroth I (BI) reconstruction method: a gastroduodenostomy with ... There are debates on the safety and efficiency of this procedure regarding the distance from the pylorus of which the resection ...
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Digestive system surgery, Surgical oncology, Surgical removal procedures). ... Okuno, Kiyotaka (2007). "Surgical treatment for digestive cancer. Current issues - colon cancer". Digestive Surgery. 24 (2): ... A bowel resection or enterectomy (enter- + -ectomy) is a surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine (bowel) is removed ... This concludes the procedure. The right and left colon sit in the retroperitoneum. To access this space an incision is made ...
Surgical removal procedures, General surgery, Digestive system surgery). ... While appendectomy is a standard surgical procedure, its cost has been found to vary considerably in the United States. A 2012 ... appendectomy A video of the procedure Another video of the procedure (either requires Windows Media Player and will not load in ... Surgical Recall. Wolters Kluwer. pp. 198-203. Lee, Seung Hwan; Lee, Jin Young; Choi, Yoon Young; Lee, Jae Gil (2019-04-25). " ...
Surgical removal procedures, Bariatrics, Obesity, Digestive system procedures). ... Sleeve gastrectomy or vertical sleeve gastrectomy, is a surgical weight-loss procedure, typically performed laparoscopically, ... revival of a previously established surgical procedure". Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery. 15 (1): 219-28. doi:10.1007/ ... The procedure involves a longitudinal resection of the stomach starting from the antrum at the point 5-6 cm from the pylorus ...
Surgical Innovation. 22 (1): 26-40. doi:10.1177/1553350614526788. ISSN 1553-3506. PMC 4361451. PMID 24756976. (Digestive system ... The TIF procedure, unlike laparoscopic fundoplication, does not require surgical incisions. Instead a surgical device (called ... The procedure is performed while the person is under general anesthesia and is typically an outpatient procedure. Transoral ... An endoscope is utilized to perform the procedure. A minority of individuals who undergo the TIF procedure also require a ...
These operations can be carried out using conventional open surgical procedures or minimally invasive techniques like ... Esophagectomy Liver resection Surgery on the digestive system's organs is referred to as digestive system surgery, ... Surgery of the digestive system is a complicated topic that calls for specialized education and experience. To make educated ... Digestive system surgery, or gastrointestinal surgery, can be divided into upper GI surgery and lower GI surgery. Upper ...
... which have similar digestive systems. A 2014 review of rumen transfaunation research indicated that the procedure has been ... demonstrated to help correct indigestion resulting from illness, surgical correction of displaced abomasum, and ingestion of ... to perform research and analysis of the digestive system and to allow veterinarians to transplant rumen contents from one cow ... Large animal veterinarians will pull the contents by hand from the healthy cow's rumen system to help repopulate the fauna in a ...
... (CDD) is a surgical procedure to create an anastomosis, a surgical connection, between the common bile ... Sung JY, Costerton JW, Shaffer EA (May 1992). "Defense system in the biliary tract against bacterial infection". Digestive ... of the patients undergo CDD as a secondary procedure (a surgical procedure which is performed to improve conditions found to ... 2016). "Surgical Procedures to Prevent Recurrence". Multidisciplinary Management of Common Bile Duct Stones. Springer ...
... ) (Digestive system procedures, Endoscopy). ... Stretta results in improved outcomes as compared to surgical ... The procedure costs between $3,000 and $4,000 as of 2004. An American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) statement in ... Another of the 2015 reviews was a narrative literature review, noted its long history of use, and found the procedure safe and ... The device for carrying out the procedure was originally developed by a company called Curon which obtained FDA approval for ...
... is an elective surgical procedure to treat esophageal varices in patients with portal ... Digestive system surgery). ... "Hassab's operation as an elective surgical procedure in portal ...
However, the digestive system side effects to the liver, kidney, and stomach poisoning, out weigh the risks of opioids. The ... Research into surgical removal of calcifications is underway, however, this still remains an experimental procedure. Based on ... Long-term use of opioids, when taken correctly, would not cause digestive failure. Managed pain control with opioids is a safe ...
... is a surgical procedure in which a portion of the muscle fibers of the pyloric muscle are cut. This is typically ... CS1 errors: periodical ignored, Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, Digestive system ... The development of the procedure has attributed to Dr. Conrad Ramstedt in 1911, who originally named the procedure Ramstedt's ... However, the procedure was truly performed about 17 months earlier by Sir Harold Stiles in 1910 at the Royal Hospital for sick ...
The surgical procedure is called a gastroduodenostomy. Anatomical terms of location Billroth II Roux-en-Y anastomosis " ... Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, General surgery, Digestive system surgery). ... "Gastroduodenostomy - procedure, recovery, blood, tube, removal, pain, time, operation". www.surgeryencyclopedia.com. Retrieved ...
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A refinement of the surgical resection technique for rectal cancer can be achieved on a national level, the technique of total ... Digestive System Surgical Procedures / standards* * Female * Health Policy* * Humans * Male * Medical Audit* ... Conclusion: A refinement of the surgical resection technique for rectal cancer can be achieved on a national level, the ... recognition that local recurrence rates were related to surgeon performance and that surgeons applying a standardized surgical ...
Digestive System Surgical Procedures * Disease-Free Survival * Feasibility Studies * Female * Hepatectomy / methods ...
Surgical Procedures, Operative [E04]. *Digestive System Surgical Procedures [E04.210]. *Gastrectomy [E04.210.419] ... Procedure Matters in Gender-Associated Outcomes following Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery: Five Year North American Matched Cohort ...
Categories: Digestive System Surgical Procedures Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Specialties, Surgical 1 * Sports Medicine 1 * Digestive System Surgical Procedures 1 * Endocrine Surgical Procedures 1 ...
Bariatric surgery includes several types of surgical procedures that alter your digestive system to promote weight loss, ... While the procedure can cause significant weight loss, its up to the patient to maintain their new weight through long-term ... Scripps Health is a not-for-profit, integrated health system in San Diego, California. Were here for you. Were here for good. ... Scripps Health is a not-for-profit, integrated health system in San Diego, California. Were here for you. Were here for good. ...
Digestive System, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Liver Transplantation, Unified Health System, Directed Tissue Donation ... Public Health, Health Sciences, Unified Health System, Health Management, Health Systems, Health Education, Health Promotion, ... Hypertension, Infections, Urinary Tract, Unified Health System, Gynecology, Obstetrics Fórum "Questões Relativas à Saúde no ... Public Health, Delivery of Health Care, Health Services, 17627, Health Management, Unified Health System, Health Policy, ...
Digestive system disease - Colitis, Crohns, Ulcerative: A wide variety of diseases and disorders occur in the large intestine ... Various surgical procedures are used to correct the condition.. Acquired megacolon. Acquired megacolon is commonly caused by a ... Home Health & Medicine Conditions & Diseases Digestive & Renal System Diseases Large intestine. A wide variety of diseases and ...
No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic ... Acute Kidney Injury, Cohort Studies, Digestive System Surgical Procedures, Humans, Kidney, Postoperative Complications, ... No validated system for risk stratification exists for this patient group. This study aimed to validate externally a prognostic ...
Youre caring for Beth who underwent a Billroth II procedure (surgical removal of the pylorus and duodenum) for treatment of a ... Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 81 Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 81 ... Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 80 Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 80 ... Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 79 Digestive & Gastrointestinal System Disorders , NCLEX Quiz 79 ...
Surgical ProceduresDigestive System Surgical ProceduresOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresUrologic Surgical Procedures ... Surgical ProceduresDigestive System Surgical ProceduresOtorhinolaryngologic Surgical ProceduresUrologic Surgical Procedures ... Minimally InvasiveOral Surgical ProceduresVascular Surgical ProceduresCardiac Surgical ProceduresSurgical Procedures, Elective ... Minimally InvasiveOral Surgical ProceduresVascular Surgical ProceduresCardiac Surgical ProceduresSurgical Procedures, Elective ...
Digestive System Surgical Procedures",. author = "Shangyuan Ye and Daniel Li and Tingting Yu and Caroff, {Daniel A.} and ... The impact of surgical volume on hospital ranking using the standardized infection ratio. Scientific Reports. 2023 May 10;13(1 ... The impact of surgical volume on hospital ranking using the standardized infection ratio. In: Scientific Reports. 2023 ; Vol. ... The impact of surgical volume on hospital ranking using the standardized infection ratio. / Ye, Shangyuan; Li, Daniel; Yu, ...
This surgical procedure aims to reduce the size of the stomach and/or alter the digestive system to promote weight loss. While ...
keywords = "Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods, Esophageal Achalasia/surgery, Humans, Laparoscopy/methods", ... Further higher power studies matching patients for disease severity and surgical technique with longer follow up may enable ... Further higher power studies matching patients for disease severity and surgical technique with longer follow up may enable ... Further higher power studies matching patients for disease severity and surgical technique with longer follow up may enable ...
Surgical Procedures, Operative [E04]. *Digestive System Surgical Procedures [E04.210]. *Endoscopy, Digestive System [E04.210. ... Gastroscopic Surgical Procedures*Gastroscopic Surgical Procedures. *Gastroscopic Surgical Procedure. *Procedure, Gastroscopic ... Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures [E01.370]. *Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System [E01.370.372]. *Endoscopy, Digestive ...
Surgical Procedures, Operative [E04]. *Digestive System Surgical Procedures [E04.210]. *Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures [ ... Surgical incision of the SPHINCTER OF ODDI in the management of COMMON BILE DUCT DISEASES (e.g., CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS; and ...
MeSH headings : Animals; Digestive System Surgical Procedures / classification; Digestive System Surgical Procedures / ... MeSH headings : Anastomosis, Surgical / veterinary; Animals; Digestive System Surgical Procedures / veterinary; Dogs; Pressure ... Surgical / veterinary; Anastomotic Leak / veterinary; Animals; Digestive System Surgical Procedures / veterinary; Dog Diseases ... MeSH headings : Animals; Cadaver; Digestive System Surgical Procedures / veterinary; Dogs; Jejunum / surgery; Pressure; Sutures ...
First, a consumer must select the "health system" button from the websites menu of options, click on "surgical procedures," ... then click again on "digestive" to get to it.. There is no similar information for Inova because the hospital has not yet made ... A recent Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker brief, for instance, found that 85% of adults said they had not researched online ... Searching it for "colonoscopy" pulls up several variations of the procedure, along with prices for different insurers, such as ...
... ; Digestive system surgical procedures - methods ; Female ; Gastrectomy ... Biliary tract surgical procedures - adverse effects ; Digestive system surgical procedures - adverse effects ; Postoperative ... Biliary tract surgical procedures - adverse effects ; Digestive system surgical procedures - adverse effects ; Postoperative ... Zapytanie: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM SURGICAL PROCEDURES - ADVERSE EFFECTS. Liczba odnalezionych rekord w: 3. Przej cie do opcji zmiany ...
... an underappreciated surgical condition. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android ... AdultAgedDigestive System Surgical ProceduresElective Surgical ProceduresFemaleHernia, HiatalHumansLaparoscopyMaleMiddle Aged ... Ten patients underwent surgical repair for giant PEH or parahiatal hernia during the study period. Open surgery was performed ... Although surgical outcomes are favourable even with a delayed diagnosis, there should be greater emphasis on early diagnosis ...
This list does not include surgical procedures that are now obsolete or obsolescent. The list also excludes ... Institute for Research into Cancer of the Digestive System). This was the first time in medical history that a technical ... Believe it or not, this surgical procedure involves removing or disabling an entire half of the brain. This procedure is used ... Robotic Surgical System, designed by Computer Motion, to operate on the patient. The link between the robotic system and the ...
RC System Clinical Data at the XVI World Congress of the International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic ... invasive alternative to existing surgical weight loss procedures that may present significant risks and alter digestive system ... The implantation procedure and usage of the Maestro® System carry some risks, such as the risks generally associated with ... About the Maestro® Rechargeable (RC) System The Maestro RC System delivers VBLOC® vagal blocking therapy via two small ...
  • We compared the anterior approaches of internal jugular venous cannulation in 200 surgical patients, vis-a-vis the ease of cannulation and threading, number of attempts required and the incidence of complications following each route. (lookformedical.com)
  • One prospective randomized study showed no significant difference in post-operative outcomes between LHM and ED but this was limited by lack of standardization in the endoscopic dilatation procedure, limited reporting of complications and poor long-term follow up. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • To reduce the complications of endoscopic surgery, The Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery (JSES) established a committee for the Endoscopic Surgical Skill Qualification System (ESSQS) in 2001. (sages.org)
  • They must submit a list of patients on whom they have performed surgery (including complications) and an unedited video showing one of the relevant surgical procedures. (sages.org)
  • Although the ESSQS still has some problems, this system should promote training and decrease complications. (sages.org)
  • Complications and risks are possible with every medical procedure. (novabariatrics.com)
  • Like any other medical procedure, bariatric surgery also has its complications. (novabariatrics.com)
  • The primary endpoint was operative-related morbidity at 3 months (D.90) based on the Clavien-Dindo surgical complications grading. (medscape.com)
  • A refinement of the surgical resection technique for rectal cancer can be achieved on a national level, the technique of total mesorectal excision can be widely distributed, and surgery alone can give good results. (nih.gov)
  • Procedure Matters in Gender-Associated Outcomes following Metabolic-Bariatric Surgery: Five Year North American Matched Cohort Analysis. (harvard.edu)
  • Bariatric surgery includes several types of surgical procedures that alter your digestive system to promote weight loss, including gastric bypass and gastric sleeve . (scripps.org)
  • We estimate that for a procedure like colon surgery with an overall SSI rate of 3%, to rank hospitals in the HCA colon SSI dataset, hospitals that perform less than 200 procedures have a greater than 10% chance of being incorrectly assigned to the worst performing quartile. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Challenging surgical dogma in the management of proximal esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula: Outcomes from the Midwest Pediatric Surgery Consortium. (childrensmercy.org)
  • Procedures that avoid use of open, invasive surgery in favor of closed or local surgery. (lookformedical.com)
  • Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery. (lookformedical.com)
  • Surgery performed on the digestive system or its parts. (lookformedical.com)
  • For surgery of the male genitalia, UROLOGIC SURGICAL PROCEDURES, MALE is available. (lookformedical.com)
  • The text is largely focused on minimally invasive surgical techniques (laparoscopic and robotic), with new chapters on innovations in gastric cancer surgery including middle gastrectomy, pylorus preserving gastrectomy, and sentinel lymph node dissection. (nshealth.ca)
  • In addition, the text also includes new chapters on single incision surgery for cancers of the GI tract, on advanced instrumentation for trans-anal procedures, and on refined robotic approaches to total mesorectal excision. (nshealth.ca)
  • Diseases of the digestive system's organs are treated by gastrointestinal surgery. (kpsinhahospital.com)
  • Surgery is used to remove cancerous tumors from the digestive system as well as cancerous sections of the digestive system. (kpsinhahospital.com)
  • This study investigated the characteristics of patients undergoing elective surgery, the prevalence of COVID-19 infection, the surgical procedures performed, and 30-day mortality in general and pediatric surgical settings in selected tertiary-level hospitals in Bangladesh from November 2020 to August 2021. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here we report the methods and results obtained with ESSQS over four years in the field of digestive surgery. (sages.org)
  • However, for weight loss surgery to be successful, the procedure requires a life-long commitment to a healthy and balanced lifestyle. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • Bariatric surgery refers to procedures that affect your stomach and how your body digests and consumes food. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • While there are a few different routes of weight loss surgery, the procedures are all generally designed to make the stomach smaller, which causes the patient to feel full after eating just a small amount of food. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • Gastric band surgery, or lap band surgery, is a surgical weight loss procedure that involves placing an inflatable, adjustable band around the stomach. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • Gastric bypass surgery is a major surgical weight loss procedure that reconstructs the digestive system. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • Bariatric surgery refers to surgical procedures that alter an individual's digestive system to help them lose weight. (novabariatrics.com)
  • Knowing the expected weight after surgery can help you make an informed decision about which procedure to go for. (novabariatrics.com)
  • The procedure time might help you decide which surgery to pick. (novabariatrics.com)
  • The gastric bypass procedure is a two-step surgery, making it more complicated. (novabariatrics.com)
  • Our NOVA Bariatrics and Minimally Invasive Surgery team is always here to help you with your weight loss, whether surgical or medical. (novabariatrics.com)
  • Unlike weight loss surgery, which is an invasive procedure requiring hospitalization and recovery time, semaglutide is administered as a subcutaneous injection and can be taken in the comfort of one's home. (oregonweightlosssurgery.com)
  • Weight loss surgery, also known as bariatric surgery, involves various surgical procedures that alter the digestive system to promote weight loss. (oregonweightlosssurgery.com)
  • Weight loss surgery is a surgical procedure that involves incisions, anesthesia, and a hospital stay. (oregonweightlosssurgery.com)
  • Most reports of surgery volume in CAHs focus on inpatient procedures, thus missing a significant portion of the surgery volume that CAHs perform. (psu.edu)
  • CAHs offering outpatient procedures that complement inpatient surgical capacity are providing the communities they serve significant and valuable services through access to both convenient and emergent surgical care services that lessen many of the health care burdens associated with travel for surgery and follow-up care. (psu.edu)
  • Surgical Gastroenterology is the department that treats digestive tract and its related area diseases through surgery. (dharanhospital.com)
  • Surgical robots are used when extreme precision is beneficial or when surgery is needed in a place where hands can't fit. (innovationadvantage.com)
  • These include procedures done using endoscopy, laparoscopy, and open surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
  • TCT 2023 Low-Risk TAVR Studies: Divergent Long-Term Results Different results from long-term follow-up of the PARTNER-3 and Evolut trials evaluating TAVR vs surgery in low-surgical-risk patients are leading to some interesting discussions. (medscape.com)
  • Similar to the 1st edition, the 2nd edition of Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques for Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract provides different approaches for various organs of the gastrointestinal tract. (nshealth.ca)
  • The 2nd edition of Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques for Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract proves to be a valuable resource for surgeons at all levels of training that are interested in learning new techniques to improve patient satisfaction and cancer outcomes. (nshealth.ca)
  • Digestive diseases are disorders of the digestive tract, which is sometimes called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • When Digestive Symptoms Signal Parkinson's Disease Data suggest that early detection of certain gastrointestinal disorders could aid in identifying patients at risk of Parkinson's disease. (medscape.com)
  • The digestive tract is the system of organs within multicellular animals that takes in food , digests it to extract energy and nutrients , and expels the remaining waste. (wikidoc.org)
  • A digestive disease is any health problem that occurs in the digestive tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Many surgical procedures are performed on the digestive tract. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The digestive tract is an entrance point for microsporidia and subsequent spreading of infection occurs in all parts of the intestine. (cdc.gov)
  • To remove cancerous tumors in the digestive system and the part that have cancer. (dharanhospital.com)
  • These results show promise in distinguishing VBLOC Therapy from all other available bariatric surgical procedures. (biospace.com)
  • EnteroMedics developed VBLOC® vagal blocking therapy to offer bariatric surgeons and their patients a less invasive alternative to existing surgical weight loss procedures that may present significant risks and alter digestive system anatomy, lifestyle and food choices. (biospace.com)
  • TCT 2023 Trilogy TAVR Safe, Effective in Aortic Regurgitation The Trilogy transcatheter aortic valve replacement system was safe and effective for high-risk surgical patients with aortic regurgitation, improving LV remodeling and function, in the ALIGN-AR trial. (medscape.com)
  • TCT 2023 TAVR With LAAO Non-inferior to TAVR Plus Medical Therapy Left atrial appendage occlusion in the same procedure with transcatheter aortic valve replacement proved non-inferior to TAVR plus medical therapy in AF and aortic stenosis, in the WATCH-TAVR study. (medscape.com)
  • Surgical incision of the SPHINCTER OF ODDI in the management of COMMON BILE DUCT DISEASES (e.g. (sdsu.edu)
  • Total joint arthroplasty is one of the most common surgical procedures in orthopedics to replace joints in patients with degenerative diseases ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • American Pediatric Surgical Association. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnostic Pediatric Surgical Pathology E-Book: Expert Consult--Online and Print. (wikipedia.org)
  • Children's Health is proud to become the first pediatric health system in the country to offer Amazon Lockers, self-service kiosks that allow you to pick up your Amazon packages when and where you need them most - 24 hours a day, seven days a week. (childrens.com)
  • If your child's digestive system doesn't work properly because of pediatric megacystic microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis (MMIHS), specialists at Children's Healthâ„  provide the diligent, long-term care they need. (childrens.com)
  • Operative procedures for the treatment of vascular disorders. (lookformedical.com)
  • This procedure is used to treat a variety of seizure disorders where the source of the epilepsy is localized to a broad area of a single hemisphere of the brain. (listverse.com)
  • A gastroenterologist is a physician specialist who has received extra training in the diagnosis and treatment of the digestive disorders. (medlineplus.gov)
  • For excellent patient education resources, visit eMedicineHealth's Digestive Disorders Center. (medscape.com)
  • Existing evidence shows that LHM is associated with improved post-operative symptoms and reduced clinical relapse rates compared to ED. Satisfactory clinical outcomes with ED often require repeat procedures performed over time and are associated with an increased risk of oesophageal perforation compared to LHM. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • It is primarily designed to provide a step-by-step approach of surgical techniques, highlighting key learning points and potential operative pitfalls. (nshealth.ca)
  • Further higher power studies matching patients for disease severity and surgical technique with longer follow up may enable greater understanding of differences in outcomes and improved patient selection for different treatment regimens. (manchester.ac.uk)
  • This kind of surgical procedure helps you lose weight by changing your abdomen and digestive system to limit how a. (pussingtonpost.com)
  • Georgeson first described laparoscopic surgical treatment of Hirschsprung's in 1999. (wikipedia.org)
  • These generally involve use of laparoscopic devices and remote-control manipulation of instruments with indirect observation of the surgical field through an endoscope or similar device. (lookformedical.com)
  • Applicants should be the board certified surgeons and should have performed at least 50 laparoscopic cholecystectomies or 20 advanced laparoscopic procedures as the chief surgeon. (sages.org)
  • The Maestro RC System delivers VBLOC® vagal blocking therapy via two small electrodes that are laparoscopically implanted and placed in contact with the trunks of the vagus nerve just above the junction between the esophagus and the stomach. (biospace.com)
  • To screen problem in the digestive system through Esophagus. (dharanhospital.com)
  • Tests for digestive problems can include colonoscopy , upper GI endoscopy , capsule endoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and endoscopic ultrasound . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. (lookformedical.com)
  • Comparison of two different approaches for internal jugular vein cannulation in surgical patients. (lookformedical.com)
  • Most patients who have undergone this procedure will have neurons from the remaining hemisphere take over the tasks from the lost hemisphere by making new neural connections. (listverse.com)
  • It is a severely mutilating procedure recommended only as a last resort for patients with severe and potentially fatal illnesses such as osteomyelitis, tumors, severe traumas and intractable decubiti in, or around, the pelvis. (listverse.com)
  • This book provides an updated resource of advanced minimally invasive surgical techniques for patients with GI cancers. (nshealth.ca)
  • DM2 trial results presented at IFSO reflect statistically significant, sustained improvement in glycemic control and blood pressure, as well as clinically meaningful weight loss in obese, diabetic patients using the Maestro RC System. (biospace.com)
  • The ReCharge Pivotal Trial is a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter pivotal clinical trial in approximately 234 patients at up to 12 sites testing the effectiveness and safety of VBLOC® vagal blocking therapy in EnteroMedics' second generation Maestro® Rechargeable (RC) System. (biospace.com)
  • One of the many reasons patients choose NOVA Bariatrics is that we excel in combining surgical expertise with compassion, patience, and confidence to make your weight loss objective a SUCCESS. (novabariatrics.com)
  • As the symptoms of early esophageal cancer are often subtle, about 70% of patients are diagnosed at mid-to-late stage, missing out on surgical treatment [2] . (lelezard.com)
  • The rate of uncomplicated perineal wound healing was 53% (n = 17) and three patients (9%) required surgical reintervention. (ox.ac.uk)
  • He cares with utmost compassion with clear explanation and guidance to patients about the entire surgical process, which makes patient has no second opinion. (dharanhospital.com)
  • Contexte: Pour contrôler la propagation de la maladie à coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) causée par le syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère coronavirus-2 (SRAS-CoV-2), il est nécessaire d'identifier et d'isoler de manière adéquate les patients infectieux, en particulier sur le lieu de travail. (bvsalud.org)
  • Randomisation will be done at inclusion in the study for the trainees and immediately prior to the surgical procedure for the patients. (who.int)
  • When there is a problem with the gallbladder, medical professionals usually suggest removing gallstones The procedure of removing gallbladder is called a cholecystectomy. (kpsinhahospital.com)
  • The liver secretes bile into the small intestine via the biliary system , employing the gallbladder as a reservoir. (wikidoc.org)
  • We investigate the effect of surgical volume on the accuracy of identifying poorly performing hospitals based on the standardized infection ratio and develop simulation-based algorithms for quantifying the classification accuracy. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Minimum surgical volumes and predicted events criteria are required to make evaluating hospitals reliable, and these criteria vary by overall prevalence and between-hospital variability. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Under the Trump-era rule, hospitals must post what they accept from all insurers for thousands of line items, including each drug, procedure or treatment they provide. (npr.org)
  • This brief describes the types and volume of major surgical services provided in Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) across four regionally representatives states in 2011. (psu.edu)
  • SETTING: Five hospitals with a paediatric surgical service. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The Soave procedure involves resecting the mucosa and submucosa of the rectum and pulling through the normal ganglionic bowel through the aganglionic muscular cuff of the rectum. (wikipedia.org)
  • The most common surgical procedures were related to the digestive system, breast, and urinary system. (bvsalud.org)
  • Digestive system issues are screened for and diagnosed via minor surgical procedures. (kpsinhahospital.com)
  • Minor Surgical procedures are used to screen and diagnose problems of the digestive system. (dharanhospital.com)
  • This ensures that acid is provided and digestive enzymes are produced. (novabariatrics.com)
  • Pancreatitis is characterized by inflammation of the pancreas, clinical signs of epigastric abdominal pain, and elevated serum digestive enzymes. (medscape.com)
  • Pancreatitis originates with blockage or disruption of the collecting ducts and damage to the pancreatic acinar cells, which leads to activation and release of digestive enzymes. (medscape.com)
  • Pancreatitis may originate from a disruption of the ductal system and subsequent excretion of digestive enzymes from the acinar cells of the pancreas. (medscape.com)
  • Transanal pull-through procedures do not require an intra-abdominal dissection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additional evaluation of the viability of this technique is needed in the form of a prospective trial with standardization of the procedure, indication, audit of outcomes and performed by surgeons with vast experience in transanal total mesorectal excision. (ox.ac.uk)
  • It is unknown whether the use of a minimally invasive approach for the perineal part of these procedures can improve postoperative outcomes without oncological compromise. (ox.ac.uk)
  • recent less invasive procedures include the following: stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH) and subsequently Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation (DGHAL). (medscape.com)
  • However, the accuracy of such hospital profiling is highly affected by small surgical volumes which lead to a large amount of uncertainty in estimating standardized hospital-specific infection rates. (houstonmethodist.org)
  • Background: Organ/space surgical site infection (SSI) is a significant clinical problem. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Also he is the one who will explain the benefits and risks involved in treatment, and provides information about procedures through medications and therapies. (obesitysurgeonindia.com)
  • Believe it or not, this surgical procedure involves removing or disabling an entire half of the brain. (listverse.com)
  • For that reason it has also become a cosmetic procedure for people who blush excessively. (listverse.com)
  • BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the surgical practice throughout the world, including elective surgical care. (bvsalud.org)
  • Méthodologie: Entre septembre 2021 et février 2022, des écouvillonnages oropharyngés et/ou nasopharyngés de travailleurs symptomatiques COVID-19 et apparemment en bonne santé sélectionnés consécutivement du site minier de Wahgnion dans le sud-ouest du Burkina Faso qui ont consenti à l'étude ont été prélevés selon les deux programme de quart de semaines et testé pour le SRAS-CoV-2 à l'aide d'un test RT-PCR. (bvsalud.org)
  • A pull-through procedure is the definitive treatment for Hirschsprung's disease, with the aim of removing the abnormal part of the bowel and joining the normal part of the intestine with the anus. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the segment of Hirschsprung's is short, anorectal myomectomy maybe an alternative surgical option. (wikipedia.org)
  • You're caring for Beth who underwent a Billroth II procedure (surgical removal of the pylorus and duodenum) for treatment of a peptic ulcer. (proprofs.com)
  • Recurrence Risk Stratification for Women With FIGO Stage I Uterine Endometrioid Carcinoma Who Underwent Surgical Lymph Node Evaluation. (henryford.com)
  • We investigated the ability of POCT to decrease inpatient and outpatient waiting times for cardiovascular procedures. (lookformedical.com)
  • In Norway there was a growing recognition that local recurrence rates were related to surgeon performance and that surgeons applying a standardized surgical technique in the form of total mesorectal excision could achieve better results. (nih.gov)
  • In Dharan, we are fully equipped with state of the art modern medical accessories, that supports the technical expertise from our renowned surgeon Dr. G.Gopalakrishnan, the master of all the above listed surgical gastro issues. (dharanhospital.com)
  • A pull-through procedure is the definitive operation for Hirschsprung disease, involving the removal of the abnormal segment of bowel that has no nerves, pulling through the normal bowel and connecting it to the anus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series. (lookformedical.com)
  • Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region. (lookformedical.com)
  • Observation sets that 'incorrectly' alert or 'incorrectly' do not alert are highly predictive of the next observation set, suggesting that clinical staff detect both deterioration and improvement in advance of the EWS system by using information not currently encoded within it. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Adverse perinatal outcomes after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass vs. Sleeve Gastrectomy: a systematic review. (harvard.edu)
  • Total joint arthroplasty is a commonly used surgical procedure in orthopedics. (cdc.gov)
  • Many health care providers can help diagnose and treat digestive problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A recent Peterson-KFF Health System Tracker brief , for instance, found that 85% of adults said they had not researched online the price of a hospital treatment. (npr.org)
  • As a psychosurgical treatment it has almost totally replaced lobotomy as a procedure. (listverse.com)
  • Our specialists provide ongoing treatment that centers on your child's bladder, kidney and digestive functions. (childrens.com)
  • The main goal is to provide long-term beneficial treatment by following standard treatment and surgical procedures that eliminate the root cause of the overweight disorder. (obesitysurgeonindia.com)
  • Intestinal Obstruction An obstruction of the intestine is a blockage that completely stops or seriously impairs the passage of food, fluid, digestive secretions, and gas through the intestines. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Crohn's Ulcerative Colitis) The immune system damages intestine that cause pain and inflammation. (dharanhospital.com)
  • SECONDARY OUTCOMES: Haemorrhage requiring transfusion of blood products, abscess formation, intestinal obstruction, intestinal ischaemia, enteric fistula formation, urinary incontinence or retention, impotency and duration of procedure. (ox.ac.uk)
  • While the procedure can cause significant weight loss , it's up to the patient to maintain their new weight through long-term lifestyle habits, including a diet high in fiber and protein and low in sugar and carbohydrates. (scripps.org)
  • A gastric sleeve is a surgical weight loss procedure that permanently reduces the size of the stomach by two-thirds. (centralcoastsurgery.com.au)
  • This procedure is an effective alternative way to lose weight for those who meet the medical criteria. (novabariatrics.com)
  • In conclusion, semaglutide represents a groundbreaking advancement in weight loss management, offering a non-surgical alternative to individuals seeking a healthier weight and improved quality of life. (oregonweightlosssurgery.com)
  • You're developing the plan of care for a patient experiencing dumping syndrome after a Billroth II procedure. (proprofs.com)
  • By focusing on the users of surgical or diagnostic procedure related to their admission for care. (cdc.gov)
  • The most hospice care, these reports provide common ones were miscellaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. (cdc.gov)
  • Everything from exceedingly complex surgical robots to much more compact service robots is used in healthcare to enhance patient care and improve the care experience for clinicians. (innovationadvantage.com)
  • Surgical robotics is becoming the standard of care for surgical procedures pertaining to the heart, digestive system, bladder, prostate, and specific gynecologic procedures. (innovationadvantage.com)
  • My thanks to the ostomy care team, our director, Susan Solmos, and the surgical and medical teams that work with us daily. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Her accomplishments include making ostomy patient education videos (one of which has received more than 117,000 views), mentoring and educating nursing students, developing an ostomy care associates program for nurses, editing and authoring books and articles, and leading a randomized control trial that researched pouching system adhesives, patient satisfaction and cost. (uchicagomedicine.org)
  • Operations on the musculoskeletal system, the eye, and the digestive system accounted for 67% of all surgical procedures performed in CAHs. (psu.edu)