Sequence Analysis, DNA
Geography
Molecular Sequence Data
Economic Development
Schistosomiasis japonica
Prevalence
Schistosoma japonicum
Cluster Analysis
Dietary intake and practices in the Hong Kong Chinese population. (1/13273)
OBJECTIVES: To examine dietary intake and practices of the adult Hong Kong Chinese population to provide a basis for future public health recommendations with regard to prevention of certain chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. PARTICIPANTS: Age and sex stratified random sample of the Hong Kong Chinese population aged 25 to 74 years (500 men, 510 women). METHOD: A food frequency method over a one week period was used for nutrient quantification, and a separate questionnaire was used for assessment of dietary habits. Information was obtained by interview. RESULTS: Men had higher intakes of energy and higher nutrient density of vitamin D, monounsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol, but lower nutrient density of protein, many vitamins, calcium, iron, copper, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. There was an age related decrease in energy intake and other nutrients except for vitamin C, sodium, potassium, and percentage of total calorie from carbohydrate, which all increased with age. Approximately 50% of the population had a cholesterol intake of < or = 300 mg; 60% had a fat intake < or = 30% of total energy; and 85% had a percentage of energy from saturated fats < or = 10%; criteria considered desirable for cardiovascular health. Seventy eight per cent of the population had sodium intake values in the range shown to be associated with the age related rise in blood pressure with age. Mean calcium intake was lower than the FAO/WHO recommendations. The awareness of the value of wholemeal bread and polyunsaturated fat spreads was lower in this population compared with that in Australia. There was a marked difference in types of cooking oil compared with Singaporeans, the latter using more coconut/palm/mixed vegetable oils. CONCLUSION: Although the current intake pattern for cardiovascular health for fat, saturated fatty acid, and cholesterol fall within the recommended range for over 50% of the population, follow up surveys to monitor the pattern would be needed. Decreasing salt consumption, increasing calcium intake, and increasing the awareness of the health value of fibre may all be beneficial in the context of chronic disease prevention. (+info)Helicobacter pylori infection, garlic intake and precancerous lesions in a Chinese population at low risk of gastric cancer. (2/13273)
BACKGROUND: Cangshan County of Shandong Province has one of the lowest rates of gastric cancer (GC) in China. While intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia (DYS) are less common in Cangshan than in areas of Shandong at high risk of GC, these precursor lesions nevertheless affect about 20% of adults age > or = 55. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: In order to evaluate determinants of IM and DYS in Cangshan County, a low risk area of GC a survey was conducted among 214 adults who participated in a gastroscopic screening survey in Cangshan County in 1994. METHOD: A dietary interview and measurement of serum Helicobacter pylori antibodies were performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of H. pylori was lowest (19%) among those with normal gastric mucosa, rising steadily to 35% for superficial gastritis (SG), 56% for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), 80% for IM, and 100% for DYS. The prevalence odds of precancerous lesions were compared with the odds of normal histology or SG. The odds ratio (OR) or CAG associated with H. pylori positivity was 4.2 (95% confidence interval [CI] : 1.7-10.0), while the OR of IM/DYS associated with H. pylori positivity was 31.5 (95% CI: 5.2-187). After adjusting for H. pylori infection, drinking alcohol was a risk factor for CAG (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.1-9.2) and IM/DYS (OR = 7.8, 95% CI: 1.3-47.7). On the other hand, consumption of garlic showed non-significant protective effects and an inverse association with H. pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that infection with H. pylori is a risk factor and garlic may be protective, in the development and progression of advanced precancerous gastric lesions in an area of China at relatively low risk of GC. (+info)Precancerous lesions in two counties of China with contrasting gastric cancer risk. (3/13273)
BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and shows remarkable geographical variation even within countries such as China. Linqu County in Shandong Province of northeast China has a GC rate that is 15 times higher than that of Cangshan County in Shandong, even though these counties are within 200 miles of each other. METHOD: In order to evaluate the frequency of precancerous gastric lesions in Linqu and Cangshan Counties we examined 3400 adults in Linqu County and 224 adults in Cangshan County. An endoscopic examination with four biopsies was performed in each individual of the two populations. RESULTS: The prevalence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia (DYS) was 30% and 15.1%, respectively, in Linqu compared to 7.9% and 5.6% in Cangshan (P < 0.01). Within these histological categories, advanced grades were found more often in Linqu than in Cangshan. The prevalences of IM and DYS were more common at each biopsy site in Linqu, where the lesions also tended to affect multiple sites. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study support the concept that IM and DYS are closely correlated with risks of GC and represent late stages in the multistep process of gastric carcinogenesis. (+info)Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms M235T/T174M: no excess transmission to hypertensive Chinese. (4/13273)
The gene encoding angiotensinogen (AGT) has been widely studied as a candidate gene for hypertension. Most studies to date have relied on case-control analysis to test for an excess of AGT variants among hypertensive cases compared with normotensive controls. However, with this design, nothing guarantees that a positive finding is due to actual allelic association as opposed to an inappropriate control population. To avoid this difficulty in our study of essential hypertension in Anqing, China, we tested AGT variants using the transmission/disequilibrium test, a procedure that bypasses the need for a control sample by testing for excessive transmission of a genetic variant from parents heterozygous for that variant. We analyzed two AGT polymorphisms, M235T and T174M, which have been associated with essential hypertension in whites and Japanese, using data on 335 hypertensive subjects from 315 nuclear families and their parents. Except in the group of subjects younger than 25 years, M235 and T174 were the more frequently transmitted alleles. We found that 194 parents heterozygous for M235T transmitted M235 106 times (P=0.22) and that 102 parents heterozygous for T174M transmitted T174 60 times (P=0.09). Stratifying offspring by gender, M235 and T174 were transmitted 60 of 106 times (P=0.21) and 44 of 75 times (P=0.17), respectively, in men, and 46 of 88 times (P=0.75) and 16 of 27 times (P=0.44), respectively, in women. Our results were also negative in all age groups and for the affected offspring with blood pressure values >/=160/95 mm Hg. Thus, this study provides no evidence that either allele of M235T or T174M contributes to hypertension in this Chinese population. (+info)Lead exposure in the lead-acid storage battery manufacturing and PVC compounding industries. (5/13273)
This study was conducted as part of the Human Exposure Assessment Location (HEAL) Project which comes under the United Nations Environment Programme/World Health Organisation (UNEP/WHO) Global environmental Monitoring System (GEMS). The objective of the study was to evaluate workers' exposure to lead in industries with the highest exposure. All subjects were interviewed about their occupational and smoking histories, the use of personal protective equipment and personal hygiene. The contribution of a dietary source of lead intake from specified foods known to contain lead locally and personal air sampling for lead were assessed. A total of 61 workers from two PVC compounding and 50 workers from two lead acid battery manufacturing plants were studied together with 111 matched controls. In the PVC compounding plants the mean lead-in-air level was 0.0357 mg/m3, with the highest levels occurring during the pouring and mixing operations. This was lower than the mean lead-in-air level of 0.0886 mg/m3 in the lead battery manufacturing plants where the highest exposure was in the loading of lead ingots into milling machines. Workers in lead battery manufacturing had significantly higher mean blood lead than the PVC workers (means, 32.51 and 23.91 mcg/100 ml respectively), but there was poor correlation with lead-in-air levels. Among the lead workers, the Malays had significantly higher blood lead levels than the Chinese (mean blood levels were 33.03 and 25.35 mcg/100 ml respectively) although there was no significant difference between the two ethnic groups in the control group. There were no significant differences between the exposed and control group in terms of dietary intake of specified local foods known to contain lead. However, Malays consumed significantly more fish than the Chinese did. There were no ethnic differences in the hours of overtime work, number of years of exposure, usage of gloves and respirators and smoking habits. Among the Malays, 94.3% eat with their hands compared with 9.2% of the Chinese. Workers who ate with bare hands at least once a week had higher blood lead levels after adjusting for lead-in-air levels (mean blood lead was 30.2 and 26.4 mcg/100 ml respectively). The study indicated that the higher blood lead levels observed in the Malay workers might have been due to their higher exposure and eating with bare hands. (+info)Characterization of a new genotype of measles virus detected in China and England. (6/13273)
We report the co-circulation of a new lineage of measles virus (MV) and an Edmonston-like (Ed-like) genotype of MV in China during 1995-7. Sequence analysis of 25 strains was performed on a 282 nucleotides (nt) region of the nucleoprotein (N) gene, a 450-nt region of the haemagglutinin (H) gene and a 152-nt region of the matrix (M) gene by direct sequencing of RT-PCR amplicons obtained from clinical specimens. The entire H gene was sequenced from two strains. The results showed that 24/25 Chinese strains belonged to a new genogroup and were distinct from the vaccine strains used in China and the UK, and also from MV strains previously described in Europe, Africa and the USA. The remaining strain was Ed-like. Two strains of the new genotype (IV) and one of the Ed-like genotype were also detected in the UK in 1996. (+info)Protective alterations in phase 1 and 2 metabolism of aflatoxin B1 by oltipraz in residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China. (7/13273)
BACKGROUND: Residents of Qidong, People's Republic of China, are at high risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma, in part due to consumption of foods contaminated with aflatoxins, which require metabolic activation to become carcinogenic. In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase IIa chemoprevention trial, we tested oltipraz, an antischistosomal drug that has been shown to be a potent and effective inhibitor of aflatoxin-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in animal models. METHODS: In 1995, 234 adults from Qidong were enrolled. Healthy eligible individuals were randomly assigned to receive by mouth 125 mg oltipraz daily, 500 mg oltipraz weekly, or a placebo. Sequential immunoaffinity chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry or to fluorescence detection were used to identify and quantify phase 1 and phase 2 metabolites of aflatoxin B1 in the urine of study participants. Reported P values are two-sided. RESULTS: One month of weekly administration of 500 mg oltipraz led to a 51% decrease in median levels of the phase 1 metabolite aflatoxin M1 excreted in urine compared with administration of a placebo (P = .030), but it had no effect on levels of a phase 2 metabolite, aflatoxin-mercapturic acid (P = .871). By contrast, daily intervention with 125 mg oltipraz led to a 2.6-fold increase in median aflatoxin-mercapturic acid excretion (P = .017) but had no effect on excreted aflatoxin M1 levels (P = .682). CONCLUSIONS: Intermittent, high-dose oltipraz inhibited phase 1 activation of aflatoxins, and sustained low-dose oltipraz increased phase 2 conjugation of aflatoxin, yielding higher levels of aflatoxin-mercapturic acid. While both mechanisms can contribute to protection, this study highlights the feasibility of inducing phase 2 enzymes as a chemopreventive strategy in humans. (+info)Prevention of stroke in urban China: a community-based intervention trial. (8/13273)
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Stroke has been the second leading cause of death in large cities in China since the 1980s. Meanwhile, the prevalences of hypertension and smoking have steadily increased over the last 2 decades. Therefore, a community-based intervention trial was initiated in 7 Chinese cities in 1987. The overall goal of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at reducing multiple risk factors for stroke. The primary study objective was to reduce the incidence of stroke by 25% over 3.5 years of intervention. METHODS: In May 1987 in each of 7 the cities, 2 geographically separated communities with a registered population of about 10 000 each were selected as either intervention or control communities. In each community, a cohort containing about 2700 subjects (>/=35 years old) free of stroke was sampled, and a survey was administered to obtain baseline data and screen the eligible subjects for intervention. In each city, a program of treatment for hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes was instituted in the intervention cohort (n approximately 2700) and health education was provided to the full intervention community (n approximately 10 000). A follow-up survey was conducted in 1990. Comparisons of intervention and control cohorts in each city were pooled to yield a single summary. RESULTS: A total of 18 786 subjects were recruited to the intervention cohort and 18 876 to the control cohort from 7 cities. After 3.5 years, 174 new stroke cases had occurred in the intervention cohort and 253 in the control cohort. The 3.5-year cumulative incidence of total stroke was significantly lower in the intervention cohort than the control cohort (0.93% versus 1.34%; RR=0.69; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.84). The incidence rates of nonfatal and fatal stroke, as well as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, were significantly lower in the intervention cohort than the control cohort. The prevalence of hypertension increased by 4.3% in the intervention cohort and by 7.8% in the control cohort. The average systolic and diastolic blood pressures increased more in the control cohort than in the intervention cohort. Among hypertensive individuals in the intervention cohort, awareness of hypertension increased by 6.7% and the percentage of hypertensives who regularly took antihypertensive medication increased 13.2%. All of these indices became worse in the control cohort. The prevalence of heart diseases and diabetes increased significantly in the both cohorts (P<0.01). The prevalence of consumption of alcohol increased slightly, and that of smoking remained constant in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: A community-based intervention for stroke reduction is feasible and effective in the cities of China. The reduction, due to the intervention, in the incidence of stroke in the intervention cohort was statistically significant after 3.5 years of intervention. The sharp reduction in the incidence of stroke may be due to the interventions having blunted the expected increase in hypertension that accompanies aging as well as to better and earlier treatment of hypertension, particularly borderline hypertension. Applied health education to all the residents of the community may have prevented some normotensive individuals from developing hypertension and improved overall health awareness and knowledge. (+info)I am not aware of a specific medical definition for the term "China." Generally, it is used to refer to:
1. The People's Republic of China (PRC), which is a country in East Asia. It is the most populous country in the world and the fourth largest by geographical area. Its capital city is Beijing.
2. In a historical context, "China" was used to refer to various dynasties and empires that existed in East Asia over thousands of years. The term "Middle Kingdom" or "Zhongguo" (中国) has been used by the Chinese people to refer to their country for centuries.
3. In a more general sense, "China" can also be used to describe products or goods that originate from or are associated with the People's Republic of China.
If you have a specific context in which you encountered the term "China" related to medicine, please provide it so I can give a more accurate response.
Phylogeny is the evolutionary history and relationship among biological entities, such as species or genes, based on their shared characteristics. In other words, it refers to the branching pattern of evolution that shows how various organisms have descended from a common ancestor over time. Phylogenetic analysis involves constructing a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, which depicts the inferred evolutionary relationships among organisms or genes based on molecular sequence data or other types of characters. This information is crucial for understanding the diversity and distribution of life on Earth, as well as for studying the emergence and spread of diseases.
DNA Sequence Analysis is the systematic determination of the order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule. It is a critical component of modern molecular biology, genetics, and genetic engineering. The process involves determining the exact order of the four nucleotide bases - adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) - in a DNA molecule or fragment. This information is used in various applications such as identifying gene mutations, studying evolutionary relationships, developing molecular markers for breeding, and diagnosing genetic diseases.
The process of DNA Sequence Analysis typically involves several steps, including DNA extraction, PCR amplification (if necessary), purification, sequencing reaction, and electrophoresis. The resulting data is then analyzed using specialized software to determine the exact sequence of nucleotides.
In recent years, high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, enabling the rapid and cost-effective sequencing of entire genomes. This has led to an explosion of genomic data and new insights into the genetic basis of many diseases and traits.
A rural population refers to people who live in areas that are outside of urban areas, typically defined as having fewer than 2,000 residents and lacking certain infrastructure and services such as running water, sewage systems, and paved roads. Rural populations often have less access to healthcare services, education, and economic opportunities compared to their urban counterparts. This population group can face unique health challenges, including higher rates of poverty, limited access to specialized medical care, and a greater exposure to environmental hazards such as agricultural chemicals and industrial pollutants.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "geography" is not a term that has a medical definition. Geography is a field of study that deals with the location and distribution of physical and cultural features on Earth's surface, as well as how humans interact with and affect those features. It is not a concept that is typically used in a medical context. If you have any questions related to medicine or healthcare, I would be happy to try to help answer them for you!
Molecular sequence data refers to the specific arrangement of molecules, most commonly nucleotides in DNA or RNA, or amino acids in proteins, that make up a biological macromolecule. This data is generated through laboratory techniques such as sequencing, and provides information about the exact order of the constituent molecules. This data is crucial in various fields of biology, including genetics, evolution, and molecular biology, allowing for comparisons between different organisms, identification of genetic variations, and studies of gene function and regulation.
Economic development is a term that refers to the sustained, concerted actions of policy makers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a region or nation. It is characterized by improvements in various indicators such as:
1. Increase in per capita income: This is measured as the total income of a region divided by its population. An increase in this value indicates that, on average, people are becoming wealthier.
2. Improvement in the Human Development Index (HDI): The HDI is a composite index that measures a country's average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: a long and healthy life, being knowledgeable, and having a decent standard of living.
3. Creation of employment opportunities: Economic development efforts often aim to create jobs and reduce unemployment rates.
4. Reduction in poverty rates: This is measured as the percentage of people whose income falls below a certain level, known as the poverty line.
5. Improvement in infrastructure: This includes the construction and maintenance of roads, bridges, public transportation systems, water and sewage systems, and other physical facilities that support economic activity.
6. Encouragement of entrepreneurship and innovation: Economic development policies may also aim to foster a favorable environment for the creation and growth of businesses, particularly those that are innovative and have high growth potential.
7. Promotion of exports: Increasing a region's or nation's exports can lead to economic growth, as it brings in foreign currency and creates jobs.
8. Attraction of foreign investment: Foreign investors bring capital, technology, and expertise to a region or country, which can spur economic development.
9. Sustainable development: Economic development efforts should also consider the long-term sustainability of economic activities, taking into account factors such as environmental protection and resource conservation.
I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Tibet" is not a medical term. It is a region in Asia that is currently under the political control of China, although it has a distinct cultural and historical heritage. Tibet is geographically located in the Tibetan Plateau, which is the highest region on Earth, with an average elevation of over 14,000 feet (4,267 meters) above sea level.
If you have any questions about medical terminology or health-related topics, I would be happy to try and help answer them for you!
Schistosomiasis japonica is a specific form of schistosomiasis, which is also known as snail fever. It is caused by the parasitic flatworm Schistosoma japonicum. This disease is prevalent in East Asian countries like China, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
The life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum involves freshwater-dwelling snails as an intermediate host. Humans get infected through direct contact with contaminated water, where the parasite's larvae are released from the snails. The larvae penetrate the skin, enter the bloodstream, and migrate to the liver. Here, they mature into adult worms and start producing eggs, which are excreted through feces or urine.
The symptoms of Schistosomiasis japonica can vary depending on the stage and severity of the infection. In the early stages, individuals might experience skin rashes, fever, chills, and muscle aches. As the parasite eggs travel through the body, they can cause inflammation and damage to various organs, including the liver, intestines, and lungs. Chronic infections can lead to severe complications such as fibrosis, scarring, and increased risk of bladder cancer.
Preventive measures include avoiding contact with contaminated water sources, proper sanitation, and snail control. Treatment typically involves administering the drug praziquantel, which is effective against Schistosoma japonicum and other schistosome species.
Prevalence, in medical terms, refers to the total number of people in a given population who have a particular disease or condition at a specific point in time, or over a specified period. It is typically expressed as a percentage or a ratio of the number of cases to the size of the population. Prevalence differs from incidence, which measures the number of new cases that develop during a certain period.
"Schistosoma japonicum" is a species of parasitic flatworms (trematodes) that causes schistosomiasis, also known as snail fever, in humans. This disease is prevalent in East Asian countries such as China, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
The life cycle of Schistosoma japonicum involves freshwater snails as intermediate hosts. The parasites lay eggs in the blood vessels of the human host, which then pass through the body and are excreted into water. When the eggs hatch, they release miracidia that infect specific species of freshwater snails. After several developmental stages within the snail, the parasite releases cercariae, which can infect humans by penetrating the skin during contact with infested water.
Once inside the human host, the cercariae transform into schistosomula and migrate to the lungs, then to the liver, where they mature into adult worms. The adult worms pair up, mate, and produce eggs that can cause inflammation, granulomas, and fibrosis in various organs, depending on their location.
Schistosoma japonicum is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in endemic areas, with symptoms ranging from fever, rash, and diarrhea to more severe complications such as liver damage, bladder cancer, and kidney failure. Preventive measures include avoiding contact with infested water, treating infected individuals, and improving sanitation and hygiene practices.
Cluster analysis is a statistical method used to group similar objects or data points together based on their characteristics or features. In medical and healthcare research, cluster analysis can be used to identify patterns or relationships within complex datasets, such as patient records or genetic information. This technique can help researchers to classify patients into distinct subgroups based on their symptoms, diagnoses, or other variables, which can inform more personalized treatment plans or public health interventions.
Cluster analysis involves several steps, including:
1. Data preparation: The researcher must first collect and clean the data, ensuring that it is complete and free from errors. This may involve removing outlier values or missing data points.
2. Distance measurement: Next, the researcher must determine how to measure the distance between each pair of data points. Common methods include Euclidean distance (the straight-line distance between two points) or Manhattan distance (the distance between two points along a grid).
3. Clustering algorithm: The researcher then applies a clustering algorithm, which groups similar data points together based on their distances from one another. Common algorithms include hierarchical clustering (which creates a tree-like structure of clusters) or k-means clustering (which assigns each data point to the nearest centroid).
4. Validation: Finally, the researcher must validate the results of the cluster analysis by evaluating the stability and robustness of the clusters. This may involve re-running the analysis with different distance measures or clustering algorithms, or comparing the results to external criteria.
Cluster analysis is a powerful tool for identifying patterns and relationships within complex datasets, but it requires careful consideration of the data preparation, distance measurement, and validation steps to ensure accurate and meaningful results.
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china (kottke.org)
People's Repub8
- 1 Hypertension Division, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China. (nih.gov)
- After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, ethnographers and anthropologists divided the people who lived within the borders of the new state into 56 ethnic groups based on relatively ambiguous criteria, such as shared language, territory, history and traditions. (theconversation.com)
- In the first years after the establishment of the People's Republic of China, Muslims enjoyed relative religious freedom. (theconversation.com)
- pinyin: Zhōngguó), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. (wikipedia.org)
- Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, October 1. (infoplease.com)
- Since 1949, China has been constituted as the People's Republic of China, and is officially a unitary one-party socialist republic. (infoplease.com)
- Some have participated in repatriation programs to the People's Republic of China, while others emigrated to neighbouring Singapore and Western countries to escape anti-Chinese sentiment. (wikipedia.org)
- Many of the research endeavors began decades ago with the release of the Atlas of Cancer Mortality in the People's Republic of China, which revealed geographical patterns of cancer. (nih.gov)
China's10
- Since 1990 we have played an active role in China's economic development - as at June 2015, we had invested around $4.5 billion in the Chinese oil and gas sector. (bp.com)
- Li Shuo, incoming Director of China Climate Hub of Asia Society Policy Institute, explores China's climate ambition in the context of its political economy and the current geopolitical landscape. (asiasociety.org)
- The Hon. Kevin Rudd chats with Danny Russel about the bilateral relationship, drivers of China's policy decision-making, and what to expect from the meeting between U.S. President Joe Biden and Chinese President Xi Jinping. (asiasociety.org)
- A panel of experts discuss China's economic struggles as well as the seeming easing of tensions between the U.S. and China leaders. (asiasociety.org)
- And Elise Snyder, a New York-based psychoanalyst, is organizing the China American Psychoanalytic Alliance, which for the past two years has been training some of China's first psychotherapists through Skype conversations with US-based practitioners. (nature.com)
- China Week this year invites you to engage in a deeper dialogue on China's progress in research and development, the values that underpin this, and how they may lead to better research outcomes for both society and the planet. (kcl.ac.uk)
- The Global China Project focuses on advancing recommendations for how the United States should respond to China's actions that implicate key American interests and values. (brookings.edu)
- China's state media have pounced on comments from former CIA analyst Edward Snowden that the U.S. government has been hacking computers in China for years, giving the issue prominent coverage. (globalsecurity.org)
- When asked about Snowden's charges, China's Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying declined to comment specifically on his case, but reminded reporters that China also is a victim of cyber attacks. (globalsecurity.org)
- The nation's Minister for Foreign Affairs called China's measure "profoundly dangerous acts that unilaterally change the status quo in the East China Sea, escalating the situation, and that may cause unintended consequences. (cnn.com)
20233
- 2 The potential market is huge: By 2023, the country's total addressable retail financial wealth is expected to reach £23.7 trillion, with £2.6 trillion in retail assets under management (AUM) in Chinese publicly registered funds. (deloitte.com)
- STATE OF ASIA 2023: Peak China or New China? (asiasociety.org)
- Sign up to our newsletter for upcoming announcements about China Week 2023. (kcl.ac.uk)
Populous country3
- By 2017, basketball's popularity in the world's most populous country exploded leaving China as the largest international market for the NBA. (forbes.com)
- China is the most populous country in the world, as well as the largest consumer of cigarettes. (cdc.gov)
- China is the world's most populous country, with 1.4 billion diverse residents spread across a vast and varied terrain. (nih.gov)
Beijing11
- Chinese sports brand Li Ning on July 3, 2013 in Beijing, China. (forbes.com)
- I am married to a Chinese-American, and my wife's father has an older brother still living in Beijing. (csmonitor.com)
- Residents of Beijing and many other cities in China were warned to stay inside in mid-January 2013 as the nation faced one of the worst periods of air quality in recent history. (nasa.gov)
- Smog and haze-filled clouds blanketed Beijing and other parts of China. (nasa.gov)
- Raymond Chan, a psychologist and deputy director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mental Health in Beijing, hopes that the funding will continue. (nature.com)
- He studied Chinese history at Peking University (1977-81) and served as TIME Magazine's Beijing correspondent and bureau chief (1982-2000). (cnn.com)
- The Global Times, the newspaper run by China s Communist Party, ran an editorial this month suggesting that Beijing challenge Japan s control of Okinawa, part of the Ryukyu island chain. (freerepublic.com)
- Beijing claims the Senkakus were part of China since Ming dynasty times, at least since the 16th century. (freerepublic.com)
- Beijing s defenders often complain of comparisons of China with other regimes, but we are seeing in that country a dynamic exhibited in the most dangerous states, a growing desire for territory controlled by others. (freerepublic.com)
- Everyone knows that China and Australia have a hot economic relationship but cold political ties,' said Beijing-based dairy analyst Song Liang. (afr.com)
- It is understood China had asked for additional testing from Australian exporters, a request delivered at a meeting in Beijing last Friday. (afr.com)
President Xi Jinping1
- Snowden's leaks came just days after a U.S./China summit in California, where U.S. President Barack Obama and Chinese President Xi Jinping agreed to form a working group on cyber security. (globalsecurity.org)
Unitary one-party socialist republic1
- China is a unitary one-party socialist republic led by the CCP. (wikipedia.org)
20194
- Between 2019 and 2024, China will account for 40% of global renewable capacity expansion, driven by improved system integration, lower curtailment rates and enhanced competitiveness of both solar PV and onshore wind. (iea.org)
- 4 In fact, the China pension actuarial report 2019-2050 estimates that the assets of the government-run Basic Pension System for Enterprise Employees could be depleted by 2035, principally due to an unfavourable shift in the ratio of workers to retirees (figure 1). (deloitte.com)
- Tourism in China has grown at an extraordinary pace over the past decade, although the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that began in 2020 has, as everywhere, drastically reduced both inbound and outbound travel. (cdc.gov)
- The latest CoV to emerge is the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), recognized by Chinese authorities in Wuhan on Dec. 31, 2019. (nih.gov)
HONG KONG5
- Zhu Jiangnan, assistant professor of politics at the University of Hong Kong, says it is very hard for the government in China to tell its employees not to send family members abroad - a very common occurrence in China for people who can afford it. (voanews.com)
- Anti-corruption professor King Twun Tsao at the Chinese University of Hong Kong says the southern province has been on the forefront of reform for decades. (voanews.com)
- Psychiatrists from the University of Melbourne in Australia have been working with the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the Peking University Institute of Mental Health to train people and establish community-based health programmes, for example. (nature.com)
- Snowden claims the United States has been launching cyber attacks against Hong Kong and China since 2009, hacking universities, businesses, government officials and Chinese citizens in Hong Kong and the mainland. (globalsecurity.org)
- We see the tensions between the government officials and the public in China acting out on a daily basis on Sina Weibo, and there's just an assumption that whatever the government says it can't be true," said David Bandurski of the China Media Project at the University of Hong Kong, who studies Chinese news media and censorship. (ibtimes.com)
Isolated systolic hyp3
- Comparison of active treatment and placebo in older Chinese patients with isolated systolic hypertension. (nih.gov)
- Isolated systolic hypertension occurs in around 8% of Chinese people aged 60 years or older. (nih.gov)
- In 1988, the Systolic Hypertension in China (Syst-China) Collaborative Group started to investigate whether active treatment could reduce the incidence of stroke and other cardiovascular complications in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. (nih.gov)
20212
- 18 cohorts have completed was accredited by TEPHINET of the Chinese National training as of January 2021. (cdc.gov)
- During the same period, China is forecast to account for almost half of global distributed PV growth, overtaking the EU to become the world leader in installed capacity by 2021. (iea.org)
19491
- In 1949, the CCP established control over China as the Kuomintang fled to Taiwan. (wikipedia.org)
South Chin2
- Shortly after this visit, the first mosque was built in the southern trading port of Guangzhou for Arabs and Persians who traveled around the Indian Ocean and the South China Seas. (theconversation.com)
- They want to secure the seaplanes required for a secure superpower and that means ejecting the US Navy from the East and South China Seas. (freerepublic.com)
20204
- In 2020, around 842,000 people were diagnosed with TB in China. (cdc.gov)
- Within the framework of the national fitness plan (which is to be implemented by 2020 ), the Chinese government plans to use sports to advance all sectors in the country, including industry, state, and society. (forbes.com)
- With the Chinese government set to lift restrictions on foreign ownership of fund management firms in 2020, many investment managers around the world are looking to China as their next big growth opportunity. (deloitte.com)
- Since September 2020, a series of video conferences have been convened to exchange information about SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious diseases including TB research between NIH and the China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST). (nih.gov)
Officials17
- During this time, wealthy officials continued to bring their wives with them, while lower-ranking officials took local Chinese wives. (theconversation.com)
- As China presses forward with its anti-graft effort, authorities are targeting officials who have family members and assets overseas. (voanews.com)
- The efforts have stirred up a debate in China, on exactly how many corrupt officials take that route, and how likely it is they will be caught. (voanews.com)
- The story of a local official in the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen, who resigned after reports said her husband had emigrated to the United States, highlights the challenges and confusion surrounding the so-called "naked officials" in China. (voanews.com)
- Do they have their own regular job and are financially independent form officials working in China? (voanews.com)
- Earlier this week, the Ministry of Public Security announced there are more than 150 economic fugitives in the United States alone, and that many of them are officials suspected of graft in China. (voanews.com)
- The government requires all officials to report the residential status of their family members to tell if their family members are staying in China, or actually migrated to other countries. (voanews.com)
- Chinese media reported that by the end of July, all local governments had completed an internal survey on where officials and their immediate families lived. (voanews.com)
- The lid kept on the survey has caused much speculation about the severity of the problem, but it has also renewed a debate about how little the public in China knows about the wealth and assets of officials. (voanews.com)
- After years of debate, China has yet to draft a nationwide law to require officials disclose their assets. (voanews.com)
- Verbiest's two Chinese texts on the astronomical concepts to be implemented at the imperial observatory were written for the Kangxi emperor and state officials. (getty.edu)
- When Chinese journalist Wang Keqin found himself cornered in the countryside two years ago by police who were trying to stop him looking into a rape case involving local officials, he looked online for help. (ibtimes.com)
- Weibo saved me that time, and I've also used it to save people being chased by officials," he said, using the Chinese term, "Weibo", for the microblogging services that have bloomed as platforms for sharing news, views, gossip and public outrage. (ibtimes.com)
- Chinese officials, Internet operators, media and citizens are all players in an online contest over how far microblogs will be allowed to challenge the censorship demanded by the Communist Party. (ibtimes.com)
- It is governed by an eight-member board representing both ICMA and CUPL, and its mission is to improve the quality of city management in China by providing information and services to Chinese city officials. (icma.org)
- ICMA will provide training for Chinese municipal officials, including those in the city of Yangzhou, and will assist the city in accessing management best practices and establishing partnerships and exchanges with cities represented by ICMA's members and international affiliates . (icma.org)
- NAMC is the leading agency providing regular training opportunities to local government officials in China. (icma.org)
19712
- Jaime FlorCruz has lived and worked in China since 1971. (cnn.com)
- The People s Republic of China made no formal claim to the Senkakus until 1971. (freerepublic.com)
Government's2
- The U.S. government, trade groups, and Internet users -- inside and outside China -- have objected to the Chinese government's Web filtering mandate. (darkreading.com)
- A second agreement, with CUPL, seeks to further the Chinese government's mission to fund collaboration by leading Chinese universities with other institutions to foster innovation. (icma.org)
Authorities6
- To address this anticipated deficit, Chinese authorities seem to be looking to move more of the responsibility for securing retirement income to employers and individuals. (deloitte.com)
- Supervision by local police and government authorities is tight,' said a researcher on Catholics in China, who requested anonymity because commenting on religious issues remains a sensitive matter. (cnn.com)
- Authorities in Badong County, central China, were soon flooded with phone calls from citizens warning them not to detain or hurt him. (ibtimes.com)
- Exports of fresh milk from Australia appear to be the main focus for Chinese authorities, after nine shipments were blocked from entering the country this year. (afr.com)
- Australian authorities have maintained the latest dairy issue is not around food safety, but questions around the shelf life of fresh milk being flown to China. (afr.com)
- Mark Tanner, the managing director of marketing consultancy China Skinny, said fast growing imported categories are often targeted by authorities in China. (afr.com)
Poorly2
- The ethno-political category Han Chinese was also poorly defined before the rise of modern Chinese nationalism in the late 19th century. (wikipedia.org)
- China is poorly equipped to bring new findings into the clinic, however. (nature.com)
Wuhan2
- The new cluster of viral pneumonia cases originating in Wuhan, China, marks the third time in 20 years that a member of the large family of coronaviruses (CoVs) has jumped from animals to humans and sparked an outbreak. (nih.gov)
- It has spread beyond Wuhan to other Chinese cities and to multiple countries, including at least one confirmed case in the United States. (nih.gov)
CDC's1
- CDC works in close partnership with the China CDC's emerging, re-emerging, and novel diseases that could threaten China, National Influenza Epidemiology, Virology, and Pandemic Preparedness the U.S., and the rest of the world. (cdc.gov)
Universities1
- Now many of those who received advanced training in this Program hold distinguished positions in Chinese universities. (aps.org)
People15
- Today's China is home to a large Muslim population - around 1.6% of the total population, or around 22 million people . (theconversation.com)
- Everyone at bp in China is given the encouragement, support, project variety and multiple-team exposure that enables them to drive their career within our inclusive, respectful and people-driven culture. (bp.com)
- Note: A majority of Chinese people are non-practicing or are not members of any religion, largely as a result of suppression of religion in the mid-twentieth century. (infoplease.com)
- Basketball found its popularity rather quickly in mainland China and today, it's estimated that more than 18% of athletically-engaged Chinese people play basketball. (forbes.com)
- Chinese people and their Indonesian descendants have lived in the Indonesian archipelago since at least the 13th century. (wikipedia.org)
- Yanling He, a psychiatrist at Shanghai Mental Health Center, says that there are only 20,000 psychiatrists in China: 1.5 for each 100,000 people, a tenth of the ratio in the United States. (nature.com)
- It is a stark change from Chairman Mao's time in the 1960s and '70s, when religion was banned in China as the 'opiate of the people' and Christmas was taboo. (cnn.com)
- In this atmosphere, Chinese books, prints, and drawings describing the land and its people and their customs entered Europe. (getty.edu)
- For Chinese people, Weibo is creating an arena that is much more free than traditional media," said Wang, who is well known for his painstaking reports on corruption and official misdeeds. (ibtimes.com)
- It's also turning more Chinese people into citizen journalists," he said. (ibtimes.com)
- 145 million people visited China, and the number of outbound travelers reached nearly 155 million, 3 times more than in 2010. (cdc.gov)
- Aside from tourism, increasing numbers of people travel to China to visit friends and relatives, to study, to adopt children, or to do humanitarian aid work. (cdc.gov)
- People traveling to China to adopt often worry about the health of the child (see Sec. 7, Ch. 5, International Adoption ), sometimes neglecting their own health. (cdc.gov)
- I have been in touch with our people and can confirm our shipments are getting through and we have no current issues in China. (afr.com)
- And, while the country has experienced economic gains, Chinese people are aging at income levels that are still lower than many industrialized countries. (nih.gov)
Reforming the country's1
- The Chinese government is reforming the country's pension system, capital markets and investment management industry as a part of a bigger plan to kerb an anticipated retirement savings deficit. (deloitte.com)
Shenzhen1
- Liu Yan, the Shenzhen official, admitted her husband had taken up residency in the United States in the 1980s, which - according to Chinese media - is in itself evidence of her being a "naked official. (voanews.com)
Content3
- The content (including but not limited to text, photo, multimedia information, etc) published in this site belongs to China Daily Information Co (CDIC). (chinadaily.com.cn)
- This page displays all Asia Society content on China in reverse chronological order. (asiasociety.org)
- Green Dam is supposed to block "unhealthy" content, such as pornography, but computer researchers who have studied the program say that it also blocks terms that are politically sensitive in China. (darkreading.com)
World's largest3
- Making up around one-fifth of the world economy, China is the world's largest economy by GDP at purchasing power parity, the second-largest economy by nominal GDP, and the second-wealthiest country. (wikipedia.org)
- China is a nuclear-weapon state with the world's largest standing army by military personnel and the second-largest defense budget. (wikipedia.org)
- As the world's largest importer of oil, China is believed to want to establish bases throughout the Indian Ocean and South China Sea to protect its tankers. (telegraph.co.uk)
Years10
- The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has collaborated with the Government of China and China-based partners for over 30 years, addressing public health priorities that affect the U.S., China, and the world. (cdc.gov)
- For over 20 years, CDC has supported the Chinese national influenza before they become epidemics. (cdc.gov)
- China is the closest thing to a peer competitor the United States has faced in 30 years. (foreignpolicy.com)
- Forecasts by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) predict a significant retirement savings gap developing in China over the next 30 years. (deloitte.com)
- His brother had been severely persecuted in China throughout the first 25 years of communist domination there. (csmonitor.com)
- This is two years old but pertinent to the unfolding China Sea confrontation. (freerepublic.com)
- Australian dairy exports to China are up 46 per cent over the last five years with fresh milk being the fastest growing category, according to Dairy Australia. (afr.com)
- Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evolved over thousands of years. (nih.gov)
- China has been a valuable partner with the U.S. in medical research for more than 30 years. (nih.gov)
- Life expectancy in China today is about 75 years, nearly twice what it was only a half century ago. (nih.gov)
Longitudinal study1
- We propose a longitudinal study of children in two large cities in China (one in southern China and another one in northern China). (nih.gov)
Academy1
- ICMA also has signed an MOU with the National Academy for Mayors of China (NAMC) to enhance the ICMA China Center's training offerings. (icma.org)
Uighur2
- Over 1 million Uighur Muslims are being held in detention centers in the far western province of Xinjiang, China. (theconversation.com)
- Uighur leaders and experts located outside China have warned that the situation could worsen, and "mass murder" could not be ruled out . (theconversation.com)
Influenza3
- CDC maintains close ties with U.S. and China influenza rapidly, including infections that may lead to pandemics, such as experts to provide support for key activities. (cdc.gov)
- Establishing influenza pandemic preparedness in China. (cdc.gov)
- U.S. and Chinese investigators have continued their collaboration on vaccine research to prevent RSV, influenza, and other viral pathogens of global health importance. (nih.gov)
Assessment of China1
- 1953). Assessment of China. (who.int)
Ministry5
- His words, which came just a few days after China rescued 25 sailors from Somali pirates, were posted in an interview on the Defence ministry website. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Last year, the Chinese science ministry invested a total of 40 million yuan (US$6 million) in ten two-year research projects that target issues such as prevention of suicide and depression, identifying early warning signs of the risk of developing mental illness, and dealing with occupational stress. (nature.com)
- But when the Chinese foreign ministry was asked about the accusations Thursday, the response was slightly more muted. (globalsecurity.org)
- The framework agreement between the organizations was approved by the government of China through the Ministry of Education. (icma.org)
- The Chinese defense ministry said the new air defense zone was not directed toward a specific country. (cnn.com)
Exports3
- Weak conditions have zapped demand in the eurozone, the largest market for Chinese exports. (cnn.com)
- In addition, the U.S. economy has slowed, further cutting demand for Chinese exports. (cnn.com)
- Earlier this month New Zealand Kiwi fruit exporter Zespri was forced to suspend exports to China after a fungus was found in some of its boxes. (afr.com)
Defense4
- I am just a normal wife and mother," Liu told Chinese media in her defense. (voanews.com)
- Wang Dong said Snowden's allegations will effect U.S. China talks on cyber security and may put the United States on the defense going forward. (globalsecurity.org)
- On Saturday, China declared the creation of an air defense identification zone in the East China Sea, eliciting strong criticisms from the United States and its close ally, Japan. (cnn.com)
- China released a map and coordinates that identify its air defense zone on November 23. (cnn.com)
Local9
- The development of local Chinese society and culture is based upon three pillars: clan associations, ethnic media and Chinese-language schools. (wikipedia.org)
- One group supported political reforms in China, while others worked towards improved status in local politics. (wikipedia.org)
- It signifies and tells the rest of China or the central government that Guangdong is going to do whatever it is necessary to do, that might be a kind of political loyalty to the center by a local leader," he said. (voanews.com)
- Counter to Western mapmaking traditions that focused on Europe, the Kunyu quantu deferred to local conventions by placing China at the symbolic center, surrounded by countries that could be construed as tributary states. (getty.edu)
- The Jesuits may have gone to China to convert the Chinese and to introduce European ideas, but in the end they were engaged by the local culture. (getty.edu)
- Local government professionals from the United States, in turn, have an opportunity to learn from the Chinese experience with rapid, large-scale urbanization. (icma.org)
- Establish a certification and recognition program for individuals and local governments participating in ICMA China Center training programs. (icma.org)
- SAFEA is the key agency to approve training programs for Chinese local governments. (icma.org)
- Group homes in China are managed by local adults serving the role of house parents for four to six orphans who refer to each other as siblings and the house parents as mother and father. (nih.gov)
Analysts2
- Just as most analysts expected his domestic policies to be modest-to gently steer the country back to fact-based, civil-minded normalcy-they also predicted that his stance toward China would be similarly mild and pragmatic. (foreignpolicy.com)
- The state-run China Daily newspaper cites analysts saying the news of U.S. hacking could pose a challenge to growing good will between the two nations and that the Sino-U.S. relationship is constantly soured on cyber security. (globalsecurity.org)
20163
- In 2016, Adidas' sales grew by 22% to approximately $3 billion in China. (forbes.com)
- January 26, 2016-A new report estimates there were 4.3 million new cancer cases and more than 2.8 million cancer deaths in China in 2015, with lung cancer the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in China. (cancer.org)
- Cancer Statistics in China, 2015 , CA: Cancer J for Clin, Published early online January 26, 2016 doi: 10.3322/caac.21338. (cancer.org)
1980s2
- We were one of the first foreign companies to begin operating in China , trading and licensing our technologies in the 1970s and moving into oil and gas exploration in the 1980s. (bp.com)
- The death of Professor Xie Xide, on March 4, 2000, brought to mind her many contributions, and in particular, her key role in the "China Scholars Program" during the 1980s. (aps.org)
Biden1
- Biden has never been a foreign-policy ideologue or a hawk, and as a candidate, he emphasized the need for cooperation between the two states while scoffing at the idea that, unless the United States acted fast, China was going to "eat our lunch. (foreignpolicy.com)
Senkaku3
- This space included a swath of the East China Sea, including a disputed island chain known as Daioyu in China and Senkaku in Japan. (cnn.com)
- The map and coordinates released by China show the zone covers parts of the East China Sea, as well as the Daioyu/Senkaku islands. (cnn.com)
- Japan and China both lay claims on Daioyu/Senkaku islands. (cnn.com)
Nation's1
- Williams said in response to the weakness, the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, injected 145 billion yuan, or about $22.8 billion, into the economy. (cnn.com)
Earliest2
- The earliest Chinese dynastic states, such as the Shang and the Zhou, emerged in the basin of the Yellow River before the late second millennium BCE. (wikipedia.org)
- Affluent Chinese may roll their eyes at the mention of slow-moving and impoverished Henan (河南, Hénán), but the province's heritage takes us back to the earliest days of Chinese antiquity. (lonelyplanet.com)
Ties1
- On a Cape Cod Beach, an American with deep ties to China realizes that part of him is still there - a part no closed door or military action or news blackout could ever keep out. (csmonitor.com)
Communist3
- The Republic saw consistent conflict for most of the mid-20th century, including a civil war between the Kuomintang government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), which began in 1927, as well as the Second Sino-Japanese War that began in 1937 and continued until 1945, therefore becoming involved in World War II. (wikipedia.org)
- and the Cultural Revolution, a movement to purge all non-communist elements of Chinese society that led to mass violence and persecution. (wikipedia.org)
- The term refers to Communist cadres who stay in China but send their spouses or children to live abroad, opening up a channel to potentially hide the fruits of corruption from Chinese supervision. (voanews.com)
Showdown1
- In the last few weeks, several pundits have zeroed in on the global contest between democracies and autocracies-and, more specifically, on America's intensifying showdown with China. (foreignpolicy.com)
Incidence1
- With increasing incidence and mortality, cancer is the leading cause of death in China and is a major public health problem. (cancer.org)
Grown1
- Mr Tanner said imported fresh milk was the fastest growing dairy category in China, having grown 10 fold since 2010, albeit from a low base. (afr.com)
Collaboration3
- Professor Xie was a tireless proponent of cooperation and collaboration between Chinese and American physicists, and throughout her life, she lost no opportunity to bring them together to their mutual benefit. (aps.org)
- The program fosters collaboration between U.S. and Chinese researchers to study diseases of mutual interest and foster the career development of researchers. (nih.gov)
- Cancer has been the focus of much of NIH's collaboration in China. (nih.gov)
Countries6
- China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land, tied with Russia as having the most of any country in the world. (wikipedia.org)
- China shares borders with fourteen neighboring countries. (infoplease.com)
- If China establishes a similar long-term supply base, I believe that the nations in the region and the other countries involved with the (anti-pirate) escorts would understand," he said. (telegraph.co.uk)
- Nonetheless, a few travelers made news headlines by triggering outbreaks in their home countries after returning from China. (cdc.gov)
- Many, many countries had tributary relationships with China. (freerepublic.com)
- Despite this lack of research attention, the AIDS epidemic in China and other Asian countries is rapidly growing. (nih.gov)
Threat2
- Why is this is happening, and what makes the Chinese government see Muslims as a threat? (theconversation.com)
- Australia's image as a clean and green dairy producer is under threat in China after the entire industry was put on notice by regulators who claim to have detected food safety issues. (afr.com)
Researchers3
- Recently, researchers from Zhejiang University and Hangzhou Dianzi University in Hangzhou, China successfully developed the Darwin Neural Processing Unit (NPU), a neuromorphic hardware co-processor based on Spiking Neural Networks, fabricated by standard CMOS technology. (eurekalert.org)
- Led by Xiaoming Li, Ph.D., of Wayne State University, researchers in China and the United States collaborated on a study to better understand the impact of parental HIV/AIDS on the emotional well-being of children. (nih.gov)
- The researchers assessed 1,625 children, ages 6-18, living in two rural counties in central China, where many residents had been infected with HIV through unsafe blood collection practices. (nih.gov)
Smokers2
- With over 300 million smokers, China has the greatest public health benefit to gain from implementing proven tobacco prevention and control strategies. (cdc.gov)
- yet over one-half of adult Chinese men were current smokers in 2010, and smoking rates in adolescents and young adults are still rising. (cancer.org)
Country8
- Beginning in 1978, the Chinese government began economic reforms that moved the country away from planned economics, but political reforms were cut short by the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, which ended in a massacre. (wikipedia.org)
- China is the largest country located entirely within Asia, covering over 3.7 million square miles. (infoplease.com)
- Dwyane Wade, one of the most popular NBA players in China, traveled throughout the country on behalf of Li-Ning to promote his brand, Way of Wade. (forbes.com)
- It seemed to me that he was speaking as though the door to China had never been opened after the Cultural Revolution, as though the student demonstrations were having an opposite effect, that they were causing the country to become more closed than it has been in the past decade. (csmonitor.com)
- In a sign of the growing confidence of the Chinese military, Admiral Yin Zhuo said that the country may set up a base in the Gulf of Aden in order to support missions against Somali pirates. (telegraph.co.uk)
- China has the world's second largest economy and more billionaires (658) than any other country in the world. (cdc.gov)
- China has pushed back its deadline requiring all PCs sold in the country to include Web filtering software known as Green Dam. (darkreading.com)
- China has postponed its requirement that all PCs sold in the country include Web filtering software known as Green Dam. (darkreading.com)
Relations6
- The latter led to a temporary stop in the civil war and numerous Japanese atrocities such as the Nanjing Massacre, which continue to influence China-Japan relations. (wikipedia.org)
- U.S.-China relations are already at their worst point in decades, and the administration's strikingly confrontational approach is likely to make things worse, while damaging other U.S. interests in the process. (foreignpolicy.com)
- For more Asia Society work on China, please visit the Asia Society Policy Institute , the Center on U.S.-China Relations , China Learning Initiatives , the U.S.-China Museum Leaders Forum , and the online magazine ChinaFile . (asiasociety.org)
- The two nations subsequently agreed to Cushing's Treaty, the first U.S. treaty with China, which established the most-favored-nation doctrine as the standard for American trade relations with China. (encyclopedia.com)
- State run Chinese media is reporting allegations from whistleblower Snowden that U.S. cyber attacks will weaken U.S.-China relations and stain Washington's image overseas. (globalsecurity.org)
- Using the Ryukyu sovereignty issue to resolve the Diaoyu dispute would destroy the basis of China-Japan relations, Zhou Yongsheng of China Foreign Affairs University told the Financial Times. (freerepublic.com)
Shanghai4
- In a 7-part series, Murray Epstein, MD, Professor, Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, talks with Jiguang Wang, MD, of the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension about the unique features of hypertension in China and the lessons that everyone can learn from them. (medscape.com)
- In the sixth commentary of a 7 part-series, Murray Epstein talks with Jiguang Wang from the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension about the value of new mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in China. (medscape.com)
- In the second report of a 7-part series, Murray Epstein talks with Jiguang Wang of the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension about lessons we can learn from the unique features of hypertension in China. (medscape.com)
- In the first part of a 7 part-series, Murray Epstein talks with Jiguang Wang of the Shanghai Institute of Hypertension about the unique features of hypertension in China, notably low potassium. (medscape.com)
Rise1
- Hubei, with an areage of 188,000 sq km with a population of 61 million, is becoming the strategic supporting point for the rise of central China. (chinadaily.com.cn)
Regions2
- Many revolts were staged as opposition to the influx of migrants, who were coming from the overpopulated regions of China to regions that had not previously been under direct Chinese control. (theconversation.com)
- Divided into 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 Special Administrative Regions ( Map 10-12 ), China is home to diverse customs, languages, and topographies. (cdc.gov)
Jointly1
- The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) have jointly funded collaborative, high-priority research projects through the U.S.- China Program for Biomedical Research Cooperation . (nih.gov)
Cancers2
- Breast cancer alone is expected to account for 15% of all new cancers in women in China. (cancer.org)
- The five leading causes of cancer death among both men and women in China are cancers of the lung and bronchus, stomach, liver, esophagus, and colorectum, accounting for about three-quarters of all cancer deaths. (cancer.org)
Reforms1
- The future of investment management in China could largely depend on its prospects for economic growth, the reliability of regulatory reforms and the spread of cultural changes that accompany individual economic prosperity. (deloitte.com)
Formally2
- This program, more formally known as the APS-China Cooperative Program in Atomic, Molecular, Laser and Condensed Matter Physics, had the goal of helping China to reestablish its physics community after the Cultural Revolution ended. (aps.org)
- The ICMA China Center was formally established in 2011 as a partnership between ICMA and the China University of Political Science and Law. (icma.org)
Findings2
- The findings also suggest a range of factors that may affect the emotional well-being of Chinese children orphaned by HIV/AIDS. (nih.gov)
- Published in both Chinese and English, the findings were used in China for cancer control and research, and by scientists elsewhere who were studying, for example, how diet and the environment influence health. (nih.gov)
Southwest2
- In the southwest is Tibet, which China annexed in 1950. (infoplease.com)
- A reef called Ieodo in the Yellow Sea sits about 149 kilometers southwest of Korean and 287 kilometers east from China, and is partially covered by the Chinese ADIZ. (cnn.com)
Traditions1
- It brought the cultural traditions of China and the Muslim world together in new ways. (theconversation.com)
Yuan1
- This changed in the 13th century under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty, when Muslims came to China in unprecedented numbers to serve as administrators for the new rulers who were descendants of Ghengis Khan, founder of the Mongol empire. (theconversation.com)