A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of hemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1177)
An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. Scurvy is characterized by bleeding in any tissue, weakness, ANEMIA, spongy gums, and a brawny induration of the muscles of the calves and legs.
A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.
Rats bearing mutant genes which are phenotypically expressed in the animals.
Long chain organic acid molecules that must be obtained from the diet. Examples are LINOLEIC ACIDS and LINOLENIC ACIDS.
Plasma glycoproteins that form a stable complex with hemoglobin to aid the recycling of heme iron. They are encoded in man by a gene on the short arm of chromosome 16.
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of FOLIC ACID in the diet. Many plant and animal tissues contain folic acid, abundant in green leafy vegetables, yeast, liver, and mushrooms but destroyed by long-term cooking. Alcohol interferes with its intermediate metabolism and absorption. Folic acid deficiency may develop in long-term anticonvulsant therapy or with use of oral contraceptives. This deficiency causes anemia, macrocytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. It is indistinguishable from vitamin B 12 deficiency in peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, but the neurologic lesions seen in B 12 deficiency do not occur. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
The most abundant protein component of HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS or HDL. This protein serves as an acceptor for CHOLESTEROL released from cells thus promoting efflux of cholesterol to HDL then to the LIVER for excretion from the body (reverse cholesterol transport). It also acts as a cofactor for LECITHIN CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE that forms CHOLESTEROL ESTERS on the HDL particles. Mutations of this gene APOA1 cause HDL deficiency, such as in FAMILIAL ALPHA LIPOPROTEIN DEFICIENCY DISEASE and in some patients with TANGIER DISEASE.
A condition produced by dietary or metabolic deficiency. The term includes all diseases caused by an insufficient supply of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins, and minerals. It also includes an inadequacy of calories. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed)
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.
Anemia characterized by larger than normal erythrocytes, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH).
Detection of RNA that has been electrophoretically separated and immobilized by blotting on nitrocellulose or other type of paper or nylon membrane followed by hybridization with labeled NUCLEIC ACID PROBES.

Dietary antioxidants and magnesium in type 1 brittle asthma: a case control study. (1/213)

BACKGROUND: Type 1 brittle asthma is a rare form of asthma. Atopy, psychosocial factors and diet may contribute to this condition. As increased dietary magnesium has a beneficial effect on lung function and selenium, vitamins A, C and E have antioxidant properties, a study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that patients with brittle asthma have diets deficient in these nutrients compared with subjects with non-brittle asthma and healthy adults. METHODS: A case control study of the dietary intakes of 20 subjects with brittle asthma, 20 with non-brittle asthma, and 20 healthy adults was performed using five day weighed dietary records. Intake of magnesium was the primary outcome measure with selenium and vitamins A, C and E as secondary outcomes. Serum levels were measured at the same time as the dietary assessment. RESULTS: Sixty subjects (27 men) of mean age 49.5 years were recruited and completed the study. Subjects with brittle asthma had statistically lower median dietary intakes of vitamins A and E than the other groups (vitamin A: brittle asthma 522.5 micrograms/day, non-brittle asthma 869.5 micrograms/day, healthy adults 806.5 micrograms/day; vitamin E: brittle asthma 4.3 mg/day, non-brittle asthma 4.6 mg/day, healthy adults 4.5 mg/day). Median dietary intakes for the other nutrients were not significantly different between groups. Serum levels were within normal ranges for each nutrient in all subjects. Intakes less than the reference nutrient intake (RNI) for magnesium and vitamins A and C, and less than the safe intake (SI) for vitamin E were more likely in patients with brittle asthma than in those with non-brittle asthma. CONCLUSION: Nutrient deficiency and reduced antioxidant activity may contribute to disease activity in type 1 brittle asthma, although a prospective study of replacement therapy will be needed to confirm this hypothesis.  (+info)

Parenteral vitamin requirements during intravenous feeding. (2/213)

Serum vitamin levels of 40 patients undergoing parenteral nutrition over a 5-to 42-day period were studied while the subjects received daily water-soluble and once weekly fat soluble vitamin formulations intravenously. Initial serum deficiencies of vitamins A, C, and folate were noted in a large portion of the severely malnourished population. At the replacement levels used in this study a small number of patients developed subnormal levels of vitamins A and D. Improvement in levels for vitamin C and folate were noted for most patients. Vitamin B12 deficiencies were not noted in any patient. Currently available commercial vitamin preparations can be used with safety in the parenterally nourished population and recommended guidelines for weekly infusion of both water and fat soluble vitamins are presented.  (+info)

Aortic wall damage in mice unable to synthesize ascorbic acid. (3/213)

By inactivating the gene for L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase, a key enzyme in ascorbic acid synthesis, we have generated mice that, like humans, depend on dietary vitamin C. Regular chow, containing about 110 mg/kg of vitamin C, is unable to support the growth of the mutant mice, which require L-ascorbic acid supplemented in their drinking water (330 mg/liter). Upon withdrawal of supplementation, plasma and tissue ascorbic acid levels decreased to 10-15% of normal within 2 weeks, and after 5 weeks the mutants became anemic, began to lose weight, and die. Plasma total antioxidative capacities were approximately 37% normal in homozygotes after feeding the unsupplemented diet for 3-5 weeks. As plasma ascorbic acid decreased, small, but significant, increases in total cholesterol and decreases in high density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. The most striking effects of the marginal dietary vitamin C were alterations in the wall of aorta, evidenced by the disruption of elastic laminae, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and focal endothelial desquamation of the luminal surface. Thus, marginal vitamin C deficiency affects the vascular integrity of mice unable to synthesize ascorbic acid, with potentially profound effects on the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Breeding the vitamin C-dependent mice with mice carrying defined genetic mutations will provide numerous opportunities for systematic studies of the role of antioxidants in health and disease.  (+info)

Ascorbate is depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation: a study in male smokers and nonsmokers with matched dietary antioxidant intakes. (4/213)

BACKGROUND: Lack of reliable dietary data has hampered the ability to effectively distinguish between effects of smoking and diet on plasma antioxidant status. As confirmed by analyses of comprehensive food-frequency questionnaires, the total dietary intakes of fruit and vegetables and of dietary antioxidants were not significantly different between the study groups in the present study, thereby enabling isolation of the effect of smoking. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the effect of smoking on plasma antioxidant status by measuring ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, beta-carotene, and lycopene, and subsequently, to test the effect of a 3-mo dietary supplementation with a moderate-dose vitamin cocktail. DESIGN: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled design, the effect of a vitamin cocktail containing 272 mg vitamin C, 31 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopheryl acetate, and 400 microg folic acid on plasma antioxidants was determined in a population of smokers (n = 37) and nonsmokers (n = 38). The population was selected for a low intake of fruit and vegetables and recruited from the San Francisco Bay area. RESULTS: Only ascorbic acid was significantly depleted by smoking per se (P < 0.01). After the 3-mo supplementation period, ascorbic acid was efficiently repleted in smokers (P < 0.001). Plasma alpha-tocopherol and the ratio of alpha- to gamma-tocopherol increased significantly in both supplemented groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that previous reports of lower concentrations of plasma vitamin E and carotenoids in smokers than in nonsmokers may primarily have been caused by differences in dietary habits between study groups. Plasma ascorbic acid was depleted by smoking and repleted by moderate supplementation.  (+info)

Plasma vitamin C and food choice in the third Glasgow MONICA population survey. (5/213)

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the contribution of different foods to the estimated intakes of vitamin C among those differing in plasma vitamin C levels, and thereby inform dietary strategies for correcting possible deficiency. DESIGN: Cross sectional random population survey. SETTING: North Glasgow, Scotland, 1992. PARTICIPANTS: 632 men and 635 women, aged 25 to 74 years, not taking vitamin supplements, who participated in the third MONICA study (population survey monitoring trends and determinants of cardiovascular disease). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Dietary and sociodemographic information was collected using a food frequency and lifestyle questionnaire. Plasma vitamin C was measured in non-fasted venous blood samples and subjects categorised by cut points of 11.4 and 22.7 micromol/l as being of low, marginal or optimal vitamin C status. Food sources of dietary vitamin C were identified for subjects in these categories. Plasma vitamin C concentrations were compared among groups classified according to intake of key foods. More men (26%) than women (14%) were in the low category for vitamin C status; as were a higher percentage of smokers and of those in the older age groups. Intake of vitamin C from potatoes and chips (fried potatoes) was uniform across categories; while the determinants of optimal versus low status were the intakes of citrus fruit, non-citrus fruit and fruit juice. Optimal status was achieved by a combined frequency of fruit, vegetables and/or fruit juice of three times a day or more except in older male smokers where a frequency greater than this was required even to reach a marginal plasma vitamin C level. CONCLUSION: Fruit, vegetables and/or fruit juice three or more times a day increases plasma vitamin C concentrations above the threshold for risk of deficiency.  (+info)

Vitamin C status and mortality in US adults. (6/213)

BACKGROUND: Low vitamin C status may increase the risk of mortality from cancer and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to test whether an association existed between serum ascorbate concentrations and mortality and whether the association was modified by cigarette smoking status or sex. DESIGN: Serum ascorbate concentrations were measured in adults as part of the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1976-1980). Vital status was ascertained 12-16 y later. RESULTS: The relative risk (RR) of death, adjusted for potential confounders, was estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models. Men in the lowest (<28.4 micromol/L) compared with the highest (>/=73.8 micromol/L) serum ascorbate quartile had a 57% higher risk of dying from any cause (RR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.03) and a 62% higher risk of dying from cancer (RR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.59). In contrast, there was no increased risk among men in the middle 2 quartiles for these outcomes and no increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality in any quartile. There was no association between serum ascorbate quartile and mortality among women. These findings were consistent when analyses were limited to nonsmokers or further to adults who never smoked, suggesting that the observed relations were not due to cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that men with low serum ascorbate concentrations may have an increased risk of mortality, probably because of an increased risk of dying from cancer. In contrast, serum ascorbate concentrations were not related to mortality among women.  (+info)

Oral contraceptives and ascorbic acid. (7/213)

Plasma, leukocyte, and platelet ascorbic acid levels are decreased in women ingesting oral contraceptive steroids. Studies have shown that it is the estrogenic component of the oral contraceptive agents that is associated with the decresased ascorbic acid concentrations. Urinary excretion of ascorbic acid does not appear to be increased by the steroids. Although serum levels of copper are increased by estrogens and oral contraceptives, ascorbic acid catabolism does not appear to be increased (unpublished). Our preliminary data on tissue uptake of ascorbic acid suggest that changes in tissue distribution are one possible answer for the observed effects of the steroids on blood levels of ascorbic acid.  (+info)

Fractured neck of femur in black patients: a prospective study. (8/213)

We explored the role of iron overload, deficiency of vitamin C and alcohol abuse in the aetiology of cervical and intertrochanteric fractures of the neck of the femur as a result of minor trauma. We studied prospectively 72 patients (45 men, 27 women). Levels of serum iron markers, vitamin C and alcohol markers were measured. Consumption of alcohol was estimated using questionnaires. The findings were compared with those of an age- and gender-matched control group. The mean age of the men was 59.5 years and of the women 66.9 years, with a male predominance. In the men, iron overload, as shown by high levels of serum ferritin (p < 0.001) and deficiency of vitamin C (p < 0.03), as well as abuse of both Western and the traditional type of alcohol, appear to be important aetiological factors. In women, alcohol abuse was also common, but iron markers and levels of vitamin C did not differ significantly from the control group.  (+info)

Ascorbic acid deficiency is a condition that occurs when a person does not consume or absorb adequate amounts of ascorbic acid, also known as Vitamin C. This essential nutrient plays a crucial role in the production of collagen, a protein that helps to support blood vessel, tendon, ligament, and bone health. It is also involved in the absorption of iron and the synthesis of certain neurotransmitters.

Ascorbic acid deficiency can lead to a number of symptoms and complications. In its early stages, it may cause fatigue, weakness, and joint pain. As the deficiency progresses, it can lead to more serious conditions such as scurvy, a potentially life-threatening disease characterized by anemia, gum disease, skin hemorrhages, and poor wound healing.

Scurvy is now rare in developed countries where access to fresh fruits and vegetables, which are rich sources of vitamin C, is readily available. However, it can still occur in individuals who follow restrictive diets or have malabsorption disorders that prevent them from properly absorbing the nutrient. In these cases, supplementation with ascorbic acid may be necessary to prevent deficiency and its associated complications.

Scurvy is a medical condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) in the diet, which leads to the breakdown of collagen. This results in various symptoms such as anemia, gum disease, and skin hemorrhages. In severe cases, it can lead to death. It was prevalent among sailors during long voyages before the 18th century when fresh fruits and vegetables were not available, and the condition was eventually linked to the lack of vitamin C in their diet. Nowadays, scurvy is rare in developed countries but can still occur in individuals with extreme diets deficient in vitamin C.

Ascorbic acid is the chemical name for Vitamin C. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for human health. Ascorbic acid is required for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that plays a role in the structure of bones, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. It also functions as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from damage caused by free radicals.

Ascorbic acid cannot be produced by the human body and must be obtained through diet or supplementation. Good food sources of vitamin C include citrus fruits, strawberries, bell peppers, broccoli, and spinach.

In the medical field, ascorbic acid is used to treat or prevent vitamin C deficiency and related conditions, such as scurvy. It may also be used in the treatment of various other health conditions, including common cold, cancer, and cardiovascular disease, although its effectiveness for these uses is still a matter of scientific debate.

I'm sorry for any confusion, but "Rats, Mutant Strains" is not a recognized medical term or concept. It may be a term used in science fiction, gaming, or other non-medical contexts to refer to genetically modified rats with altered characteristics. However, in the field of medical research, scientists do conduct studies using various strains of lab rats, some of which have been selectively bred or genetically modified to exhibit specific traits, but these are not referred to as "mutant strains." If you have any questions related to medical definitions or concepts, I'd be happy to help with those!

Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are a type of fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by the human body and must be obtained through diet. There are two main types of essential fatty acids: linoleic acid (omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3).

Linoleic acid is found in foods such as vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds, while alpha-linolenic acid is found in foods such as flaxseeds, walnuts, and fatty fish. These essential fatty acids play important roles in the body, including maintaining the fluidity and function of cell membranes, producing eicosanoids (hormone-like substances that regulate various bodily functions), and supporting the development and function of the brain and nervous system.

Deficiency in essential fatty acids can lead to a variety of health problems, including skin disorders, poor growth and development, and increased risk of heart disease. It is important to maintain a balanced intake of both omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, as excessive consumption of omega-6 relative to omega-3 has been linked to inflammation and chronic diseases.

Haptoglobins are proteins found in the blood that bind to free hemoglobin, which is released when red blood cells break down. The resulting complex is then removed from the bloodstream by the liver, preventing the loss of iron and potential kidney damage caused by the breakdown products of hemoglobin. Haptoglobins are produced in the liver and their levels can be measured to help diagnose various medical conditions such as hemolytic anemia, liver disease, and inflammation.

Folic Acid Deficiency is a condition characterized by insufficient levels of folic acid (Vitamin B9) in the body. Folic acid plays an essential role in the synthesis of DNA and RNA, the production of red blood cells, and the prevention of neural tube defects during fetal development.

A deficiency in folic acid can lead to a variety of health issues, including:
- Megaloblastic anemia: A type of anemia characterized by large, structurally abnormal, immature red blood cells (megaloblasts) that are unable to function properly. This results in fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and a pale appearance.
- Neural tube defects: In pregnant women, folic acid deficiency can increase the risk of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, in the developing fetus.
- Developmental delays and neurological disorders: In infants and children, folic acid deficiency during pregnancy can lead to developmental delays, learning difficulties, and neurological disorders.
- Increased risk of cardiovascular disease: Folate plays a role in maintaining healthy homocysteine levels. Deficiency can result in elevated homocysteine levels, which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Folic acid deficiency can be caused by various factors, including poor dietary intake, malabsorption syndromes (such as celiac disease or Crohn's disease), pregnancy, alcoholism, certain medications (like methotrexate and phenytoin), and genetic disorders affecting folate metabolism. To prevent or treat folic acid deficiency, dietary supplementation with folic acid is often recommended, especially for pregnant women and individuals at risk of deficiency.

The liver is a large, solid organ located in the upper right portion of the abdomen, beneath the diaphragm and above the stomach. It plays a vital role in several bodily functions, including:

1. Metabolism: The liver helps to metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins from the food we eat into energy and nutrients that our bodies can use.
2. Detoxification: The liver detoxifies harmful substances in the body by breaking them down into less toxic forms or excreting them through bile.
3. Synthesis: The liver synthesizes important proteins, such as albumin and clotting factors, that are necessary for proper bodily function.
4. Storage: The liver stores glucose, vitamins, and minerals that can be released when the body needs them.
5. Bile production: The liver produces bile, a digestive juice that helps to break down fats in the small intestine.
6. Immune function: The liver plays a role in the immune system by filtering out bacteria and other harmful substances from the blood.

Overall, the liver is an essential organ that plays a critical role in maintaining overall health and well-being.

Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) is a major protein component of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in human plasma. It plays a crucial role in the metabolism and transport of lipids, particularly cholesterol, within the body. ApoA-I facilitates the formation of HDL particles, which are involved in the reverse transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver for excretion. This process is known as reverse cholesterol transport and helps maintain appropriate cholesterol levels in the body. Low levels of ApoA-I or dysfunctional ApoA-I have been associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Deficiency diseases are a group of medical conditions that occur when an individual's diet lacks essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals. These diseases develop because the body needs these nutrients to function correctly, and without them, various bodily functions can become impaired, leading to disease.

Deficiency diseases can manifest in many different ways, depending on which nutrient is lacking. For example:

* Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness and increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.
* Vitamin C deficiency can result in scurvy, a condition characterized by fatigue, swollen gums, joint pain, and anemia.
* Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets in children, a disease that leads to weakened bones and skeletal deformities.
* Iron deficiency can result in anemia, a condition in which the blood lacks adequate healthy red blood cells.

Preventing deficiency diseases involves eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods from all the major food groups. In some cases, supplements may be necessary to ensure adequate nutrient intake, especially for individuals who have restricted diets or medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption.

Body weight is the measure of the force exerted on a scale or balance by an object's mass, most commonly expressed in units such as pounds (lb) or kilograms (kg). In the context of medical definitions, body weight typically refers to an individual's total weight, which includes their skeletal muscle, fat, organs, and bodily fluids.

Healthcare professionals often use body weight as a basic indicator of overall health status, as it can provide insights into various aspects of a person's health, such as nutritional status, metabolic function, and risk factors for certain diseases. For example, being significantly underweight or overweight can increase the risk of developing conditions like malnutrition, diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.

It is important to note that body weight alone may not provide a complete picture of an individual's health, as it does not account for factors such as muscle mass, bone density, or body composition. Therefore, healthcare professionals often use additional measures, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and blood tests, to assess overall health status more comprehensively.

Macrocytic anemia is a type of anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal in size (macrocytic). This condition can be caused by various factors such as deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate, alcohol abuse, certain medications, bone marrow disorders, and some inherited genetic conditions.

The large red blood cells may not function properly, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, pale skin, and a rapid heartbeat. Macrocytic anemia can be diagnosed through a complete blood count (CBC) test, which measures the size and number of red blood cells in the blood.

Treatment for macrocytic anemia depends on the underlying cause. In cases of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, supplements or dietary changes may be recommended. If the anemia is caused by medication, a different medication may be prescribed. In severe cases, blood transfusions or injections of vitamin B12 may be necessary.

Northern blotting is a laboratory technique used in molecular biology to detect and analyze specific RNA molecules (such as mRNA) in a mixture of total RNA extracted from cells or tissues. This technique is called "Northern" blotting because it is analogous to the Southern blotting method, which is used for DNA detection.

The Northern blotting procedure involves several steps:

1. Electrophoresis: The total RNA mixture is first separated based on size by running it through an agarose gel using electrical current. This separates the RNA molecules according to their length, with smaller RNA fragments migrating faster than larger ones.

2. Transfer: After electrophoresis, the RNA bands are denatured (made single-stranded) and transferred from the gel onto a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane using a technique called capillary transfer or vacuum blotting. This step ensures that the order and relative positions of the RNA fragments are preserved on the membrane, similar to how they appear in the gel.

3. Cross-linking: The RNA is then chemically cross-linked to the membrane using UV light or heat treatment, which helps to immobilize the RNA onto the membrane and prevent it from washing off during subsequent steps.

4. Prehybridization: Before adding the labeled probe, the membrane is prehybridized in a solution containing blocking agents (such as salmon sperm DNA or yeast tRNA) to minimize non-specific binding of the probe to the membrane.

5. Hybridization: A labeled nucleic acid probe, specific to the RNA of interest, is added to the prehybridization solution and allowed to hybridize (form base pairs) with its complementary RNA sequence on the membrane. The probe can be either a DNA or an RNA molecule, and it is typically labeled with a radioactive isotope (such as ³²P) or a non-radioactive label (such as digoxigenin).

6. Washing: After hybridization, the membrane is washed to remove unbound probe and reduce background noise. The washing conditions (temperature, salt concentration, and detergent concentration) are optimized based on the stringency required for specific hybridization.

7. Detection: The presence of the labeled probe is then detected using an appropriate method, depending on the type of label used. For radioactive probes, this typically involves exposing the membrane to X-ray film or a phosphorimager screen and analyzing the resulting image. For non-radioactive probes, detection can be performed using colorimetric, chemiluminescent, or fluorescent methods.

8. Data analysis: The intensity of the signal is quantified and compared to controls (such as housekeeping genes) to determine the relative expression level of the RNA of interest. This information can be used for various purposes, such as identifying differentially expressed genes in response to a specific treatment or comparing gene expression levels across different samples or conditions.

Nelson PJ, Pruitt RE, Henderson LL, Jenness R, Henderson LM (Jan 1981). "Effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the in vivo ... Rebouche CJ (Dec 1991). "Ascorbic acid and carnitine biosynthesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 54 (6 Suppl): ... Rebouche CJ (Dec 1991). "Ascorbic acid and carnitine biosynthesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 54 (6 Suppl): ... Sesti C, Simkhovich BZ, Kalvinsh I, Kloner RA (Mar 2006). "Mildronate, a novel fatty acid oxidation inhibitor and antianginal ...
"Acute haemolysis induced by high dose ascorbic acid in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency". British Medical Journal. ... Food portal Vitamin C Intravenous ascorbic acid Megavitamin therapy Orthomolecular medicine Uric acid Institute of Medicine ( ... The G6PD deficiency test is a common laboratory test. Because oxalic acid is produced during metabolism of vitamin C, ... "Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)". University of Maryland Medical Center. April 2002. Archived from the original on 2005-12-31. ...
K., Yagi; Nishikimi, N. (December 1, 1991). "Molecular basis for the deficiency in humans, a key enzyme for ascorbic acid ... the enzyme for L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis missing in man". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (18): 13685-13688. doi: ... the missing enzyme in L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 1472 (1-2): 408- ...
... scurvy is a disease resulting from a severe deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis ...
... as well as ascorbic acid deficiency. Koehler, Franz A., Special Rations for the Armed Forces: Army Operational Rations - A ... Significantly, diagnosed cases of malnourishment and vitamin deficiency, which had been reported among other light infantry ... malnourishment and vitamin deficiency) had become apparent, the Quartermaster Corps attempted to shift responsibility for ...
Pancreatic cancer cell in high magnification Scurvy is a nutritional deficiency of water-soluble vitamin C or ascorbic acid. It ... A lack of ascorbic acid leads to epigenetic DNA hypermethylation and inhibits the transcription of various types of collagen ... It also lacks a glycine in every third amino acid residue that is responsible for the tight collagen helix, as a result it will ... In this study, sequence analysis confirmed that the Gly782 amino acid residue was highly conserved. This report of a new ...
The hydroxylation reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme that requires ascorbic acid (vitamin C), deficiencies in which lead to ... Amino acids are polymerised via peptide bonds to form a long backbone, with the different amino acid side chains protruding ... Protein sequencing Nucleic acid primary structure Translation Pseudo amino acid composition SANGER F (1952). "The arrangement ... The compression of amino acid sequences is a comparatively challenging task. The existing specialized amino acid sequence ...
... ascorbic acid in hypervitaminosis A in guinea pigs, polycythemia in the rat in pyridoxine deficiency, skin permeability in ... and leukemia and Sinclair believed essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency to be important in all three. EFA deficiency causes ... deficiency of essential fatty acids, vitamin deficiencies in alcoholism, vitamins and the nervous system, and nutritional ... "Deficiency of essential fatty acids and atherosclerosis, etcetera". The causes of death that had increased most in previous ...
... a key enzyme for ascorbic acid biosynthesis". Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 54 (6 Suppl): 1203S-1208S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/54.6.1203s. PMID ... Retrieved 2013-11-07.> Nishikimi M, Yagi K (December 1991). "Molecular basis for the deficiency in humans of gulonolactone ... the missing enzyme in L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1472 (1-2): 408-11. doi:10.1016/S0304-4165(99) ...
... ascorbic acid, vitamin D, magnesium, zinc, copper and manganese to name only a few There is a significant body of evidence ... this reason that bone growth is stunted during general malnutrition and specific bone abnormalities develop with deficiencies ...
... intragastric pH and ascorbic acid concentration in patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis and associated iron deficiency ... Supplementation of folic acid in deficient patients can improve the histopathological findings of chronic atrophic gastritis ... The most common are vitamin B12 deficiency possibly leading to pernicious anemia; and malabsorption of iron, leading to iron ... As a result, the stomach's secretion of essential substances such as hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor is ...
... "injury or deficiency in dietary tryptophan and ascorbic acid can evoke similar signs", so conclusive diagnosis may require ...
... is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Early symptoms of deficiency include weakness, fatigue ... Because of this, hexuronic acid was subsequently renamed ascorbic acid. Rates of scurvy in most of the world are low. Those ... "Molecular basis for the deficiency in humans of gulonolactone oxidase, a key enzyme for ascorbic acid biosynthesis". The ... Ascorbic acid is also not synthesized by at least two species of caviidae, the capybara and the guinea pig. There are known ...
Foods rich in ascorbic acid (vitamin C) can also be beneficial, since ascorbic acid enhances iron absorption. Oral iron ... Iron deficiency affects up to 52% of pregnant women worldwide. The prevalence of iron deficiency as a cause of anemia varies ... Iron deficiency in pregnancy appears to cause long-term and irreversible cognitive problems in the baby. Iron deficiency ... "Micronutrient deficiencies". WHO. Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 17 July 2017. "How Can Iron-Deficiency ...
Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy, formerly a major disease of sailors in long sea voyages. It is used as a food additive ... a diastereomer of ascorbic acid. Mineral ascorbates: salts of ascorbic acid Acids in wine Safety (MSDS) data for ascorbic acid ... Another major use of l-ascorbic acid is as dietary supplement. Ascorbic acid is easily oxidized and so is used as a reductant ... Iodine is reduced by ascorbic acid, and, when all the ascorbic acid has reacted, the iodine is then in excess, forming a blue- ...
... a song by Can Chemistry of ascorbic acid Vitamin C and the common cold Vitamin C deficiency or scurvy Vitamin C megadosage, ... Vitamin C is an essential nutrient, the compound L-ascorbic acid. Vitamin C may also refer to: Vitamin C (singer), an American ...
... ascorbic acid) is also a required cofactor for the Dopamine beta hydroxylase enzyme. Recent research has shown that vitamin C ... Due to the deficiency of norepinephrine and epinephrine those affected by dopamine β-hydroxylase deficiency may present with ... Dopamine beta-hydroxylase deficiency is a very rare form of dysautonomia. It belongs to the class of rare diseases, with "a ... Therefore, DβH deficiency patients may have an inability to stand for a prolonged period of time. This phenomenon is especially ...
Ascorbic acid, Scorbic meaning Scurvy).[citation needed] There is a ward named after him at St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, ... In 1932, the true cause of the disease was determined to be the deficiency from the diet of a particular nutrient, now called ...
to produce ascorbic acid. l-Ascorbic acid has a negative feedback on l-galactose dehydrogenase in spinach. Ascorbic acid efflux ... The percent of people reported as deficient was 7.1%. Scurvy is a disease resulting from a deficiency of vitamin C. Without ... "ascorbic acid" refer in the nutritional literature to l-ascorbate and l-ascorbic acid respectively. Ascorbic acid is a weak ... Haworth and Szent-Györgyi proposed that L-hexuronic acid be named a-scorbic acid, and chemically l-ascorbic acid, in honor of ...
Hill CH (1979). "Studies on the ameliorating effect of ascorbic acid on mineral toxicities in the chick". J. Nutr. 109 (1): 84- ... Some of the most common deficiency observed with chronic mercury intake is a selenium deficiency. Such deficiency might impact ... Similar to thiamine, iron aggravates mercury exposure effect while ascorbic acid will help reduce the mercury toxicity effect. ... Other deficiencies that are observed with a persisting mercury intake are vitamin E, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. Long term ...
However, the tissues of animal models with a GULO gene generally have high levels of ascorbic acid and so are often only ... L-Gulonolactone oxidase deficiency has been called "hypoascorbemia" and is described by OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in ... There exists a wide discrepancy between the amounts of ascorbic acid other primates consume and what are recommended as " ... Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Oxidoreductase Scurvy GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000034450 - Ensembl, May 2017 "Human ...
... deficiency, found only in certain lines of mammals. GULO is required for converting glucose to ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which ... as an ascorbic-acid surrogate to repair arterial walls. The half-life of Lp(a) in circulation is approximately three to four ... each of the variable kringle IV consists of 114 amino acids). These variable apo(a) sizes are known as "apo(a) isoforms". There ...
Ionophore Ghaskadbi S, Vaidya VG (March 1989). "In vivo antimutagenic effect of ascorbic acid against mutagenicity of the ... Diiodohydroxyquinoline enhances zinc absorption in the zinc deficiency disorder acrodermatitis enteropathica, probably because ...
"Effect of Ascorbic Acid on Copper and Cholesterol in adult cynomolgus monkeys fed a diet marginal in copper". The American ... "Hematopoietic Studies in Vitamin A Deficiencies". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 31(5) 1978.[15] Milne, D.B. et al ... 32(11) 1979.[18] Hagler, L. "Influence of dietary iron deficiency on hemoglobin, myoglobin, their respective reductases, and ...
Scurvy can result from a lack of vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid. One author indicated that the nutritional value of ... The nutrient-deficiency disease pellagra is associated with a diet consisting primarily of maize, while the disease beriberi is ...
... and use ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to return the iron to its reduced state. Deprivation of ascorbate leads to deficiencies in ... It can take place on several amino acids, like lysine, asparagine, aspartate and histidine, but the most frequently ... of the protein in our bodies and contains a hydroxyproline at almost every 3rd residue in its amino acid sequence. Collagen ... hydroxylated amino acid residue in human proteins is proline. This is due to the fact that collagen makes up about 25-35% ...
Terrestrial plants slowly optimized the production of new endogenous antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, polyphenols, ... August 2000). "Environmental Iodine Deficiency: A Challenge to the Evolution of Terrestrial Life?". Thyroid. 10 (8): 727-729. ... Nucleic acids such as RNA might then have formed more easily within the liposomes than outside. RNA is complex and there are ... Fatty acids in acidic or slightly alkaline geothermal springs assemble into vesicles after wet-dry cycles as there is a lower ...
Deficiency in any required amino acid or cofactor can impair the synthesis of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. ... Dopamine is converted into norepinephrine by the enzyme dopamine β-hydroxylase, with O2 and L-ascorbic acid as cofactors. ... can be synthesized indirectly from the essential amino acid phenylalanine or directly from the non-essential amino acid ... These amino acids are found in nearly every protein and so are readily available in food, with tyrosine being the most common. ...
Ascorbic acid is oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid during this process, although it can be recycled back to ascorbic acid. Folic ... Thus, a deficiency of BH4 can lead to systemic deficiencies of dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. In fact, one of the ... Research shows that ascorbic acid (also known as ascorbate or vitamin C) can reduce BH3 radical into BH4, preventing the BH3 ... Kuzkaya N, Weissmann N, Harrison DG, Dikalov S (June 2003). "Interactions of peroxynitrite, tetrahydrobiopterin, ascorbic acid ...
The blood plasma concentration of vitamin C or ascorbic acid as a function of dose attains a plateau with a half-life of about ... The plateau principle is important in determining how much time is needed to produce a deficiency when intake is insufficient. ... This principle has been demonstrated for the response of liver enzymes that degrade amino acids to cortisone, which is a ...
or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. ...
... and excess of ascorbic acid in the body. Know the rich sources of this vital mineral. ... Vitamin C Deficiency & Recommended Dosage. The extreme form of ascorbic acid deficiency is a condition called scurvy. When this ... Vitamin C, About Deficiency, Excess, of Ascorbic Acid. Vitamin C is perhaps the most controversial of all the vitamins. Great ... and cabbage also bring in ascorbic acid.. It is generally acknowledged that the body required extra ascorbic acid after a ...
... also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient that functions as a cofactor for several metabolic functions. Vitamin ... Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient that functions as a cofactor for several metabolic ... SYMPTOMS OF VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY Vitamin C deficiency is associated with impaired immunity, anemia, bleeding gums, scurvy, poor ... WHO IS AT A RISK OF VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY?. The elderly, those practicing a fad diet, those with presumed food allergies, or ...
Immune Deficiency, By Medical Condition, by Egyéb Other, 400 g approx. 400 servings Distributer Vitaking Kft. Ingredients 1000 ... He says that ascorbic acid should be looked upon as a vital household good; it should be sold by the kilogram and belongs in ... It can therefore be said that it is a waste to consume too much ascorbic acid. There is such a view that we can thus produce ... However, if the daily intake of vitamin C was increased from 50 to 500 milligrams, the ascorbic acid levels within the blood ...
Intravenous ascorbic acid in hemodialysis patients with functional iron deficiency: a clinical trial. *Post author:2by2host ... Intravenous ascorbic acid in hemodialysis patients with functional iron deficiency: a clinical trial. ... Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease September 18, 2012. Immune processes in vitamin deficiency states ... Recent studies suggest that intravenous ascorbic acid (IVAA) may circumvent rHuEpo resistance. The aim of our study was to show ...
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency * Cognition / drug effects* * Dietary Supplements* * Double-Blind Method * France ...
... ascorbic acid), frequency-based adverse effects, comprehensive interactions, contraindications, pregnancy & lactation schedules ... Ascorbic Acid Deficiency (Scurvy). Oral prevention: See recommended daily intake. Oral treatment, infants or children: 100 mg ... ascorbic acid (vitamin C) oral ASCORBIC ACID - ORAL (as-KORE-bik AS-id) COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Cecon, Vitamin C USES: Ascorbic ... encoded search term (ascorbic acid (Cenolate%2C Vitamin C)) and ascorbic acid (Cenolate, Vitamin C) What to Read Next on ...
Liposomal ferric pyrophosphate and ascorbic acid supplementation in pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia haematochemical ... Liposomal ferric pyrophosphate and ascorbic acid supplementation in pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia: ... This study aimed to determine the effects of liposomal iron pyrophosphate/ascorbic acid on clinical and psychological outcomes ... This study aimed to determine the effects of liposomal iron pyrophosphate/ascorbic acid on clinical and psychological outcomes ...
Ascorbic acid deficiency in porphyria cutanea tarda. J Lab Clin Med. 1997 Aug. 130(2):197-201. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ... and inherited uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency. Dig Dis Sci. 2002 Feb. 47(2):419-26. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. ...
Nelson PJ, Pruitt RE, Henderson LL, Jenness R, Henderson LM (Jan 1981). "Effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the in vivo ... Rebouche CJ (Dec 1991). "Ascorbic acid and carnitine biosynthesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 54 (6 Suppl): ... Rebouche CJ (Dec 1991). "Ascorbic acid and carnitine biosynthesis". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 54 (6 Suppl): ... Sesti C, Simkhovich BZ, Kalvinsh I, Kloner RA (Mar 2006). "Mildronate, a novel fatty acid oxidation inhibitor and antianginal ...
Kinsman, R.A.; Hood, J. Some behavioral effects of ascorbic acid deficiency. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1971, 24, 455-464. [Google ... Nelson, P.J.; Pruitt, R.E.; Henderson, L.L.; Jenness, R.; Henderson, L.M. Effect of ascorbic acid deficiency on the in vivo ... Hoehn, S.K.; Kanfer, J.N. Effects of chronic ascorbic acid deficiency on guinea pig lysosomal hydrolase activities. J. Nutr. ... Impaired adrenal catecholamine system function in mice with deficiency of the ascorbic acid transporter (SVCT2). FASEB J. 2003 ...
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency. Michels AJ, Frei B. 2013. Myths, artifacts, and fatal flaws: identifying limitations and ... Dehydroascorbic Acid. Michels AJ, Joisher N, Hagen TM. 2003. Age-related decline of sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transport in ... Age-related decline of sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transport in isolated rat hepatocytes.. Arch Biochem Biophys. 410(1):112- ... Age-related decline of sodium-dependent ascorbic acid transport in isolated rat hepatocytes.. Arch Biochem Biophys. 410(1):112- ...
Categories: Ascorbic Acid Deficiency Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
Ascorbic acid is used to treat and prevent vitamin C deficiency.. Ascorbic acid is also used in supporting antioxidant activity ... Ask a doctor or pharmacist if ascorbic acid is safe to use if you have ever had:. *if you smoke (smoking can make ascorbic acid ... Do not stop using ascorbic acid suddenly after long-term use at high doses, or you could have conditional vitamin C ... Stop using ascorbic acid and call your doctor at once if you have:. *joint pain, weakness or tired feeling, weight loss, ...
Ascorbic acid level testing confirmed severe deficiency (,0.1mg/dL).. By Cassandra Pardini, PharmD ...
Filters: Keyword is Ascorbic Acid Deficiency and Author is Miller, Galen W [Clear All Filters] ... "Chronic vitamin E deficiency promotes vitamin C deficiency in zebrafish leading to degenerative myopathy and impaired swimming ... "Vitamin C deficiency activates the purine nucleotide cycle in zebrafish.", J Biol Chem, vol. 287, no. 6, pp. 3833-41, 2012. ...
Ca, along with ascorbic acid, plays a role in maintaining cell membrane stability; thus, deficiency of Ca and ascorbic acid in ... this fruit also recorded increased levels of lipid peroxidation and decreased ascorbic acid and linolenic acid content. De ... 27] reported a high incidence of CO2 injury in fruit with low levels of Ca; they also found that the antioxidant ascorbic acid ... Felicetti, E.; Mattheis, J.P.; Zhu, Y.; Fellman, J.K. Dynamics of ascorbic acid in Braeburn and Gala apples during on-tree ...
Broken-skull disease in African catfish Clarias gariepinus is related to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid. Journal of ... Dietary phosphorus deficiency reduces resistance of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) to Edwardsiella ictalurichallenge. ...
Vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C deficiency (ascorbic acid) has been estimated to occur in 14% of males and 10% of females in ... Common micronutrient deficiencies among refugees. Iron deficiency. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency ... Pellagra is the deficiency of niacin and/or tryptophan, usually in combination with lack of other amino acids and ... Vitamin D deficiency. High rates of vitamin D deficiency have been reported in both resource-rich as well as resource-limited ...
... for Ascorbic acid. Available for instant download from Affygility Solutions. ... Ascorbic acid is indicated for the treatment of ascorbic acid deficiency. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin ... Ascorbic acid. CAS Registry Number:. 50-81-7. Brand names:. Ascocid, Ascor L, Betac, C-500, C-Time w/Rose Hips, Cecon, Cemill ... Ascorbic acid. CAS Registry Number:. 50-81-7. Brand names:. Ascocid, Ascor L, Betac, C-500, C-Time w/Rose Hips, Cecon, Cemill ...
Symptoms of vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin c deficiency is relatively uncommon in many countries today, but it is important to ... The vitamin C powder from Healthwell consists of 100% pure ascorbic acid which is an organic acid and antioxidant. Antioxidants ... The powder consists of 100% ascorbic acid and each serving gives you 1000 mg of vitamin C. For those who prefer to mix it in a ... Pure vitamin C powder from ascorbic acid. Vitamin C powder from Healthwell is a powder that can be easily mixed into any liquid ...
Vitamin C Deficiency and Nutritional Disorders - Learn about from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version. ... Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency). By Larry E. Johnson , MD, PhD, University of Arkansas for Medical ... In patients who have skin or gingival symptoms or risk factors for the deficiency, measure the ascorbic acid level. ... indicate vitamin C deficiency. Measurement of ascorbic acid levels in the white blood cell-platelet layer of centrifuged blood ...
Query Trace: Ascorbic Acid Deficiency and GSTP1[original query]. Functional genetic variants of glutathione S-transferase ... protect against serum ascorbic acid deficiency. The American journal of clinical nutrition 2009 Nov 90 (5): 1411-7. Cahill Leah ...
Signs and symptoms of ascorbic acid deficiency. Severe vitamin C deficiency has been known for many centuries as the ... Signs and symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency. Naturally occurring pantothenic acid deficiency in humans is very rare and ... Signs and symptoms of folic acid deficiency. Severe deficiency in either folate or vitamin B12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia ... Signs and symptoms of α-tocopherol deficiency. Severe deficiency symptoms include vitamin E deficiency-induced ataxia, ...
Dietary deficiencies are known to cause several diseases that manifest as oral changes. ... One example is scurvy, a disease associated with a severe vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency that occurs when food containing ... Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid found in cold-water oceanic fish or in a manufactured product from ... Other deficiencies associated with oral mucosal changes include the following:. * Vitamin A (retinol) deficiency - Mucosal ...
Facts and Information on Vitamin C ascorbic acid supplements, health benefits, deficiency, symptoms, sources, foods, dosage and ...
Iron deficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 1984;39:471-7. * Siegenberg D, Baynes RD, Bothwell TH, et al. Ascorbic acid prevents the dose- ... Causes of iron deficiency. Article. Summary Iron deficiency is the most common known form of nutritional deficiency. Its ... Manifestations of Iron Deficiency Iron deficiency is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide (29) and has ... Because iron deficiency is such a common cause of childhood anemia, the terms anemia, iron deficiency, and iron-deficiency ...
Pharmacological Effects of Ascorbic Acid. (Muhammad Ali Sheraz, Marium Fatima Khan, Sofia Ahmed and Iqbal Ahmad, Departments of ... Chapter 2. An Overview of the Analytical Methods to Determine Ascorbic Acid in Foodstuffs. (Julia López-Hernández and Ana ... Chapter 6. Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Immunity and Low Grade Systemic Inflammation. (Edite Teixeira de Lemos, Luís Pedro ... Chapter 9. Vitamin C: Loss through Cooking and Conservation Methods and Symptoms of Deficiency. (Marcela A. Leal and Ivana ...
... also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin. The reference range of vitamin C is 0. ... Scurvy is caused by prolonged dietary deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). ... encoded search term (Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)) and Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) What to Read Next on Medscape ... Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) Updated: Nov 21, 2014 * Author: Carl M Kraemer, MD, FAAEM, FACEP; Chief Editor: Eric B Staros, MD ...
  • Scurvy is a state of dietary deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). (medscape.com)
  • Although scurvy is uncommon, it still occurs and can affect adults and children who have chronic dietary vitamin C deficiency (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Plasma ascorbic acid level may help in establishing the diagnosis, but this level tends to reflect the recent dietary intake rather than the actual tissue levels of vitamin C. Signs of scurvy can occur with low-normal serum levels of vitamin C. (medscape.com)
  • In countries with low rates of food insecurity, vitamin C deficiency can occur as part of general undernutrition, but severe deficiency (causing scurvy) is uncommon. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Severe vitamin C deficiency results in scurvy, a disorder characterized by hemorrhagic manifestations and abnormal osteoid and dentin formation. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Symptoms of scurvy (related to defects in connective tissues) develop after a few months of deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Vitamin C deficiency leads to scurvy. (medscape.com)
  • vitamin C deficiency impairs collagen synthesis and results in the typical signs of scurvy. (medscape.com)
  • The proven and effective use of vitamin C is for treating vitamin C deficiency and conditions that result from it, like scurvy. (webmd.com)
  • Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. (lookformedical.com)
  • For example, vitamin C used to treat scurvy and other deficiency conditions is more effective when given as a natural food concentrate, which includes minerals, rutin and other analogs. (westonaprice.org)
  • Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). Its deficiency causes scurvy. (trigger-points.org)
  • Scurvy is rarely seen in developed countries and is characterized by deficiency of vitamin C, which can lead to symptoms including wound impairment, bleeding manifestations, and loss of teeth. (towerhealth.org)
  • Although rare, severe vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. (firstcry.com)
  • Used to treat vitamin C deficiency, scurvy, delayed wound and bone healing, urine acidification, and in general as an antioxidant. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Ascorbic Acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin indicated for the prevention and treatment of scurvy, as ascorbic acid deficiency results in scurvy. (pharmacycode.com)
  • Scurvy is caused by l -ascorbic acid (vitamin C) deficiency and was common in the 15th century. (neurology.org)
  • It plays a significant role in the metabolism of tyrosine, carbohydrates, iron, folic acid conversion to folinic acid, synthesis of lipids and proteins, resistance to infections and cellular respiration. (affygility.com)
  • painful sore tongue with a smooth appearance -- folate (B-9) deficiency -- try to avoid synthetic folic acid. (naturalnews.com)
  • Extended use of Cycrin may cause deficiencies in folic acid, magnesium, zinc, some B vitamins and C. Supplementation may be helpful with long term use of this medication. (naturalnews.com)
  • Folic acid deficiency, megaloblastic anemia and peripheral polyneuropathy due to oral contraceptives, Isr J Med Sci, 1989, 25 (3): 142-5. (naturalnews.com)
  • Folic acid is the parent compound of a family of naturally occurring derivatives known as folates. (regenerativehealth.co.nz)
  • Folate is the generic term for compounds that exhibit the biological activity of folic acid. (regenerativehealth.co.nz)
  • Dilantin and myselin destroy folic acid. (regenerativehealth.co.nz)
  • Sulphur drugs may interfere with bacteria in the intestine which manufacture folic acid. (regenerativehealth.co.nz)
  • Cobalamin (vitamin B12) and folic acid. (trigger-points.org)
  • Folic acid is found in leafy vegetables instead (hence the name, from the Latin word folium, which means "leaf"), fruits, and liver. (trigger-points.org)
  • Even a moderate vitamin B12 deficiency and its counterpart folic acid, may lead to Alzheimer's disease and other cases of dementia. (ayurtimes.com)
  • Combined folic acid and 12 September 2002. (who.int)
  • Functional genetic variants of glutathione S-transferase protect against serum ascorbic acid deficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • Carnitine is essential for the transport of activated fatty acids across the mitochondrial membrane during mitochondrial beta oxidation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) , the active form of thiamin, is involved in several enzyme functions associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates, branched-chain amino acids, and fatty acids . (reachingfordreams.com)
  • These two vitamins are closely linked and are essential in protein synthesis, production of red blood cells, and in the synthesis of fatty acids and the production of nerve myelin. (trigger-points.org)
  • State the physiological role of lysophospholipids & fatty acids produced by the breakdown of lecithin. (medical-junction.com)
  • 2. Classify the fatty acids in details & indicate their physical properties. (medical-junction.com)
  • Dietary absorption of VITAMIN C is highly dependent upon this class of transporters and a subset of SODIUM GLUCOSE TRANSPORTERS which transport the oxidized form of vitamin C, DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
  • Without this glycoprotein, which is essential for absorption of vitamin B12, causes this deficiency. (ayurtimes.com)
  • When absorption process is not occurred properly, it leads to B12 deficiency. (ayurtimes.com)
  • a vitamin C deficiency results in impaired collagen synthesis. (medscape.com)
  • Ascorbic acid also enhances nitric oxide synthesis to improve blood flow, which helps distribute nutrients throughout the body. (purebulk.com)
  • they bleed easily in severe deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Severe thiamin deficiency leads to beriberi, a disease that affects multiple organ systems, including the central and peripheral nervous systems. (reachingfordreams.com)
  • An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe deficiency of vitamin C (ASCORBIC ACID) in the diet leading to defective collagen formation in small blood vessels. (lookformedical.com)
  • We report a case of intravascular hemolysis and methemoglobinemia, precipitated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, in a patient with undiagnosed glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • However, when stores of vitamin B12 in body reduce further or when deficiency of vitamin B12 becomes severe, the symptoms that often shows up are many. (ayurtimes.com)
  • This study aimed to determine the effects of liposomal iron pyrophosphate/ascorbic acid on clinical and psychological outcomes in pregnant women. (unica.it)
  • G6DP deficiency increases the risk for intravascular hemolysis upon exposure to oxidative agents, such as fava beans, sulfonamides, and hydroxychloroquine, the subject of clinical trials for persons with SARS-CoV-2 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Janet Travell discovered that often, a subclinical vitamin deficiency causes myofascial problems long before the onset of a clinical deficiency proper. (trigger-points.org)
  • The State recognizes that food fortification is vital where there is a demonstrated need to increase the intake of an essential nutrient by one or more population groups, as manifested in dietary, biochemical or clinical evidences of deficiency. (who.int)
  • Overview of Vitamins Vitamins may be Fat soluble (vitamins A, D, E, and K) Water soluble (B vitamins and vitamin C) The B vitamins include biotin, folate, niacin, pantothenic acid, riboflavin (B2), thiamin (B1). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Riboflavin deficiency can affect multiple pathways in the metabolism of vitamin B6, folate, niacin, and iron. (reachingfordreams.com)
  • Riboflavin deficiency (also called ariboflavinosis) results in stomatitis including painful red tongue with sore throat, chapped and fissured lips (cheilosis), and inflammation of the corners of the mouth. (reachingfordreams.com)
  • Additionally, older people suffering from acute ischemic stroke were found to be deficient for riboflavin, and riboflavin deficiency has been linked to a higher risk of fracture in postmenopausal women with the MTHFR 677T variant. (reachingfordreams.com)
  • This may be a sign of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) deficiency . (naturalnews.com)
  • Other reported gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase inhibitors include cyclopropyl-substituted gamma-butyrobetaines and 3-(2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl)propanoic acid, which is a mechanism-based enzyme inhibitor. (wikipedia.org)
  • 7] The enzyme L-gluconolactone oxidase, which would usually catalyze the conversion of L-gluconogammalactone to L-ascorbic acid, is defective due to a mutation or inborn error in carbohydrate metabolism. (medscape.com)
  • An enzyme involved in the metabolism of ASCORBIC ACID and aldarate. (lookformedical.com)
  • An enzyme that converts ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid. (lookformedical.com)
  • Type 1 (also called erythrocyte reductase deficiency) occurs when RBCs lack the enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Type 2 (also called generalized reductase deficiency) occurs when the enzyme doesn't work in the body. (medlineplus.gov)
  • To a minor extent, the Filipino diet is also deficient in ascorbic acid, calcium and folate. (who.int)
  • Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is a water-soluble vitamin and an antiscorbutic product that is essential for collagen formulation and tissue repair. (affygility.com)
  • Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble vitamin. (medscape.com)
  • Water-soluble vitamin, it is essential in energy metabolism and lipid metabolism, and its deficiency causes degeneration of nerve myelin. (trigger-points.org)
  • Also known as, ascorbic vitamin, this water-soluble vitamin is not produced by the body and needs to be consumed in certain amounts. (firstcry.com)
  • Doses up to ascorbic acid 200 mg per day have not been associated with adverse consequences. (medscape.com)
  • Do not stop using ascorbic acid suddenly after long-term use at high doses, or you could have 'conditional' vitamin C deficiency. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Higher doses might be used to treat vitamin C deficiencies. (webmd.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is metabolized in the liver by oxidation and sulfation. (medscape.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is a potent antioxidant that can also regenerate other antioxidants in the body. (purebulk.com)
  • Like most antioxidants, ascorbic acid has neuroprotective properties. (purebulk.com)
  • As an approach to control micronutrient deficiency, food fortification is addition of a micronutrient, deficiency in the diet, to a food which is widely consumed by a specific at-risk groups. (who.int)
  • ABSTRACT Micronutrient deficiencies exist among women of childbearing age in the United Arab Emir- ates but the effects of maternal micronutrient deficiency on fetal growth are not well documented. (who.int)
  • Being water-soluble, any excess ascorbic acid is easily excreted with water. (wellness-extra.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is prone to oxidation in vivo, and body stores are affected by environmental and lifestyle factors (eg, smoking), biological conditions (eg, inflammation, iron excess), and pathologic conditions (eg, malabsorption) that may alter its oxidation. (medscape.com)
  • Excess amounts of ascorbic acid are excreted unchanged or as metabolites. (medscape.com)
  • Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) has recovery properties because it plays a vital role in the regulation of the oxidation-reduction processes, carbohydrate metabolism, clotting of the blood, regeneration of the tissues, formation of hormones, and normalization of the capillary permeability. (herbhealer.net)
  • 1 Weininger J, King JC: Effect of oral contraceptive agents on ascorbic acid metabolism in the rhesus monkey, Am J Clin Nutr, 1982, 35(6):1408-16. (naturalnews.com)
  • Its deficiency worsens myofascial syndromes, because on the one hand it takes part in the metabolism of glucose (the fuel of muscles), and because on the other it is essential in the functioning of the nerves. (trigger-points.org)
  • A nutrient essential to human life and health in general, ascorbic acid benefits by being a potential healing or preventive agent for a number of specific illnesses, ranging from the common cold to cancer. (shahzadpurfarmyoga.com)
  • Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient that functions as a cofactor for several metabolic functions. (zenithnutrition.com)
  • Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. (lookformedical.com)
  • Maternal micronutrient status affects preg- supplements are routinely prescribed for nancy outcome [ 1,2 ] and maternal micro- the obstetric population, but compliance is nutrient deficiency has been reported to be generally poor. (who.int)
  • Hemodialysis (HD) patients with functional iron deficiency (FID) often develop resistance to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo). (thestemcellfoundation.com)
  • G6PD deficiency can induce methemoglobinemia by inhibiting NADPH-flavine reductase, which prevents the reduction of methemoglobin. (cdc.gov)
  • Dietary deficiencies are known to cause several diseases that manifest as oral changes. (medscape.com)
  • It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion. (lookformedical.com)
  • 1 Rivers JM: Oral contraceptives and ascorbic acid, Am J Clin Nutr, 1975, 28(5):550-4. (naturalnews.com)
  • Vitamin C deficiency and its manifestations are a consequence of inadequate dietary intake. (zenithnutrition.com)
  • Preventing and controlling iron deficiency are also addressed in Nutrition and Your Health: Dietary Guidelines for Americans (14). (cdc.gov)
  • A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. (lookformedical.com)
  • These critics contend that minimum daily requirements are sufficient to prevent acute deficiencies but not enough to support optimum health, especially as individual requirements for specific vitamins and minerals vary widely. (westonaprice.org)
  • One of the perpetuating factors in myofascial syndromes that is often underestimated, is the deficiency of some vitamins and minerals. (trigger-points.org)
  • Testing of patient with G6PD deficiency and SARS-CoV-2 infection, United Kingdom. (cdc.gov)
  • Methylene blue may be unsafe in people who have or may be at risk for a blood disease called G6PD deficiency . (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you or your child has G6PD deficiency, always tell your provider before getting treatment. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Diagnosis of vitamin C deficiency is usually made clinically in a patient who has skin or gingival signs and is at risk of vitamin C deficiency. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Signs of Vitamin C deficiency can be vague but do exist. (firstcry.com)
  • Metabolite of ASCORBIC ACID and the oxidized form of the lactone DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID. (lookformedical.com)
  • Iron deficiency is the most common known form of nutritional deficiency. (cdc.gov)
  • Effect of ascorbic acid on desferrioxamine-induced urinary iron excretion in idiopathic hemochromatosis. (webmd.com)
  • You should not use ascorbic acid if you have ever had an allergic reaction to a vitamin C supplement. (everydayhealth.com)
  • Gamma-butyrobetaine dioxygenase also catalyses the oxidation of mildronate to form multiple products including malonic acid semialdehyde, dimethylamine, formaldehyde and (1-methylimidazolidin-4-yl)acetic acid, which is proposed to be formed via a Stevens rearrangement mechanism. (wikipedia.org)
  • They are produced commercially, usually as the first step in the production of nitric acid, either by the direct oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen in the electric arc (Birkeland-Eyder Process) or by the catalytic oxidation of anhydrous ammonia (Oswald Process). (cdc.gov)
  • Membrane transport proteins that actively co-transport ASCORBIC ACID and sodium ions across the CELL MEMBRANE. (lookformedical.com)
  • Vitamin B12 is essential for transforming homocysteine into methionine, which is an important amino acid necessary for synthesizing proteins. (ayurtimes.com)
  • The Hp 2-2 polymers are less efficient inhibitors of hemoglobin-driven oxidative stress, leading to ascorbic acid depletion. (medscape.com)
  • Congestive cardiomyopathy and haemochromatosis--rapid progression possibly accelerated by excessive ingestion of ascorbic acid. (webmd.com)
  • Iron overload associated with congenital pyruvate kinase deficiency and high dose ascorbic acid ingestion. (webmd.com)
  • Many individuals opt to take ascorbic acid powder to maximize the benefits of vitamin C, as it provides better dosing control and more consistent results. (purebulk.com)
  • In adults, symptoms of vitamin C deficiency develop after weeks to months of vitamin C depletion. (msdmanuals.com)
  • There are particular groups especially at risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies, particularly the elderly, pregnant and lactating women, heavy consumers of alcohol and drugs, those who follow long-term diets very restricted and totally devoid of food of animal origin (unless supplemented very carefully), the chronically ill and people taking certain medications. (trigger-points.org)
  • If one consumes too much alcohol, lives in a polluted city, regularly takes medication containing salicylic acid derivatives, smokes, and lives under a lot of stress, then it is recommended to increase the daily dose of vitamin C to 5-10 grams. (wellness-extra.com)
  • In higher plants, salicylic acid (SA) plays important roles in inducing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. (biomedcentral.com)
  • [ 2 ] However, limited studies have suggested that levels greater than 3 mg/dL may be associated with uricosuria and, in persons with glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency, may induce red blood cell fragility. (medscape.com)
  • Glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6DP) deficiency is an X-linked enzymatic disorder that affects 400 million persons worldwide and has a high prevalence (5%-20%) in African and Asian populations ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The typical pathologic manifestations of vitamin C deficiency, including poor wound healing, are noted in collagen-containing tissues and in organs and tissues such as skin, cartilage, dentine, osteoid, and capillary blood vessels. (medscape.com)
  • Global Vitamin C Status and Prevalence of Deficiency: A Cause for Concern? (mdpi.com)
  • In the United States, the prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia among children declined during the 1970s in association with increased iron intake during infancy (1-3). (cdc.gov)
  • Ascorbic acid is a physiological antioxidant that protects cells by suppressing free radical damage. (purebulk.com)
  • At Tufts University, researchers had found int wo large studies that people over the age of 60 who had the most ascorbic acid in their blood also had the highest level of HDL cholesterol, the protective cholesterol associated with freedom from heart disease. (shahzadpurfarmyoga.com)
  • However, if the daily intake of vitamin C was increased from 50 to 500 milligrams, the ascorbic acid levels within the blood plasma doubled, and they doubled yet again when 5 grams daily was reached. (wellness-extra.com)
  • High blood pressure can be remedied with lots of ascorbic acid and L-lysine daily . (naturalnews.com)
  • A blood film for the patient showed normochromic normocytic erythrocytes and a few hemighost cells ( Figure , panel A). A 2-stage G6DP assay confirmed G6DP deficiency (0.8 IU/g hemoglobin). (cdc.gov)
  • Ascorbic acid helps promote the production of infection-fighting white blood cells, and it may enhance the function of these white blood cells by protecting them from free radicals. (purebulk.com)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms show up first in blood and later in the nervous system of the body. (ayurtimes.com)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency is due to inadequate stores of vitamin B12 in human body. (ayurtimes.com)
  • Outside of the myofascial scope, I would like to stress that vitamin deficiencies in the modern diet are also associated with serious diseases such as cancer. (trigger-points.org)
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency can show up several symptoms and when not treated can further lead to various diseases. (ayurtimes.com)
  • Most cases of this deficiency are due to intestinal diseases but not due to lack of B12 from diet. (ayurtimes.com)
  • On contact with moisture, nitrogen dioxide forms a mixture of nitric and nitrous acids. (cdc.gov)
  • Trace metal impurities most likely cause nitrogen oxides to form in nitric acid and its solutions. (cdc.gov)
  • Comment: Ascorbic acid increases the availability of iron for chelation with deferoxamine. (medscape.com)
  • In children, iron deficiency causes developmental delays and behavioral disturbances, and in pregnant women, it increases the risk for a preterm delivery and delivering a low-birthweight baby. (cdc.gov)
  • Vitamin C levels of less than 0.3 mg/dL indicate significant deficiency, while levels that exceed 0.6 mg/dL indicate sufficient intake. (medscape.com)
  • Meat, fish and milk have sufficient ascorbic acid content. (firstcry.com)